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EP0001941B1 - Aus mehreren Schichten übereinander gestapelter Ladeeinheiten bestehende Ladung, sowie Verfahren und Maschine zu deren Ausführung - Google Patents

Aus mehreren Schichten übereinander gestapelter Ladeeinheiten bestehende Ladung, sowie Verfahren und Maschine zu deren Ausführung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0001941B1
EP0001941B1 EP78400138A EP78400138A EP0001941B1 EP 0001941 B1 EP0001941 B1 EP 0001941B1 EP 78400138 A EP78400138 A EP 78400138A EP 78400138 A EP78400138 A EP 78400138A EP 0001941 B1 EP0001941 B1 EP 0001941B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
base layer
band
conveyor
free space
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78400138A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0001941A1 (de
Inventor
Michel Roy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Logisac Groupement D'interet Economique Regi Par L'ordonnance Du 23 Septembre 1967 En Cours De Formation Dite Ste
Original Assignee
Logisac Groupement D'interet Economique Regi Par L'ordonnance Du 23 Septembre 1967 En Cours De Formation Dite Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Logisac Groupement D'interet Economique Regi Par L'ordonnance Du 23 Septembre 1967 En Cours De Formation Dite Ste filed Critical Logisac Groupement D'interet Economique Regi Par L'ordonnance Du 23 Septembre 1967 En Cours De Formation Dite Ste
Publication of EP0001941A1 publication Critical patent/EP0001941A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0001941B1 publication Critical patent/EP0001941B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B27/00—Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D71/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans or pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D71/0088—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/00061—Special configuration of the stack
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/0008—Load supporting elements
    • B65D2571/00092—Load supporting elements formed by specially placed articles or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2571/00—Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport, e.g. portable segregating carrier for plural receptacles such as beer cans, pop bottles; Bales of material
    • B65D2571/00006—Palletisable loads, i.e. loads intended to be transported by means of a fork-lift truck
    • B65D2571/00111—Arrangements of flexible binders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of handling and relates more particularly to a burden of the type comprising several superimposed layers of unit charges and at least one link encircling all of the layers, one of said layers comprising at least one free space which has an elongated shape in a direction parallel to the axis of the loop formed by the link and which is overlapped transversely by said link.
  • the present invention is particularly, but not exclusively, applicable to burdens whose unit loads consist of bags filled with bulk material. Frequently, such unit charges must be stored in large quantities in warehouses before being distributed and used. Generally, the bags are transported by truck or wagon to the warehouse where they are unloaded and grouped into bundles each comprising several superimposed layers of bags, which are surrounded by at least one link. Each bundle thus made is then taken up and transported by a forklift truck to the place of storage where the burdens are arranged one beside the other and one on the other so as to form a stack comprising several contiguous "walls" , each wall itself comprising several contiguous columns of burdens. Usually, the loads are handled using a pallet or a specialized gripping system.
  • the main object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by providing a burden of the type defined above, having a structure such that it is possible to produce columns of burden having great stability and great height, and this without use. pallets.
  • the burden according to the present invention is characterized in that said layer comprising at least one free space is the base layer, and in that the link has a low tension. That is to say a tension such that the burden is not deformed appreciably compared to an unrelated state, but sufficient however to give and maintain the required shape of the burden
  • Bundles are already known which have in their base layer one or more free spaces suitable for receiving the fork leg (s) of a forklift and allowing the handling of the bundles without pallet (see in particular US Patent No. 3,788).
  • the cohesion of these known burdens is obtained not by one or more links, but by an envelope, generally made of heat-shrinkable and heat-shrinkable plastic, so that, in this case, the problems resulting from the high tension links do not arise.
  • the burden according to the invention can be produced by arranging the unit loads of the bare layer so as to provide therein at least one free space having a predetermined width and an elongated shape in a predetermined direction, and by surrounding the set of layers with a link having a relatively low tension by forming with the link a loop whose axis is parallel to said predetermined direction.
  • the number of free spaces and their location in the base layer depends on the number and spacing of the branches of the fork of the forklift used to handle the loads.
  • the branch or branches of the fork of the forklift are placed below the link (s) passing under the base layer and longitudinally opposite the corresponding free space or spaces provided in said base layer.
  • the fork leg (s) of the forklift are lifted for gripping the load, they stretch the link (s) by forcing them to engage in the corresponding free space (s).
  • the bags making up the burden are therefore tightly pressed against each other and the burden can be handled safely.
  • the link or links released by the fork leg (s) of the forklift relax.
  • the bags making up the burden can return to their original shape.
  • the loosening of the link (s) which occurs automatically when the load is placed on the ground or on top of another burden allows the products to be bulk contained in the bags and in particular those contained in the bags of the base layer to return to their original place or to closely match the shape of the surface on which the burden is placed.
  • This therefore results in an automatic setting of the burdens on each other, so that it is possible to produce columns of burdens having a high stability and comprising a greater number of burdens than in the case where burdens are used. according to the prior art.
  • the present invention also provides a machine for making bundles having the particular structure described above.
  • the machine according to the invention comprises, in a known manner, a device for making the bundles, a strapping device, an evacuation station and a conveyor device suitable for conveying a burden made from the making device, through the strapping up to the evacuation station, and it is characterized in that the making-up device comprises retractable means for positioning the unit loads making up the base layer of the burden being made, said positioning means allowing, when are in an active position, to provide at least one free space in the base layer of the burden being made, this free space have an elongated shape in a direction parallel to the strapping axis, and also characterized in that the strapping device is adjusted to place the link with a low tension around the load, i.e. a tension such that the load is not deformed so sensitive in relation to an unrelated state, but sufficient however to give and maintain the required shape of the burden.
  • the burden 1 shown in FIG. 1 comprises several layers, for example seven layers, of unit charges 2.
  • the seven layers are surrounded by two links 3 (only one of these two links is visible in FIG. 1, but the two links are visible in Figure 6).
  • Their tension is low, that is to say that it is such that the burden is not appreciably deformed compared to an unrelated state, but sufficient however to give and maintain the required shape of the burden.
  • Each of the two links 3 can, for example, be made from a strip of flexible plastic material about 16 mm in width.
  • the unit charges 2 can for example consist of bags containing a bulk product, for example sugar. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the bags 2 have a length which is approximately twice their width.
  • the first layer or base layer comprises two bags which are spaced by a predetermined distance and which are arranged in such a way that their length is oriented perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1.
  • the second layer comprises three bags, namely a first bag which is shown on the right in Figure 1 and which is arranged in the same orientation as the two bags of the base layer, and two other bags, one of which is visible to the left of the first bag in Figure 1 and which are arranged transversely compared to the two base layer bags.
  • the third layer also has three bags, but in this case the bag which has the same orientation as the two bags of the base layer is placed on the left, while the other two bags which are arranged transversely to the two bags of the base layer are located on the right.
  • the fourth and sixth layers are identical to the second layer, and the fifth and seventh layers are identical to the third layer.
  • the bags 2 from the second to the seventh layers are placed in a well-known arrangement in crossed layers.
  • the base layer has only two bags 2 spaced from one another. There are thus formed in the base layer three free spaces 4 which have an elongated shape in a direction perpendicular to the plane of Figure 1, that is to say in a direction parallel to the axis of the loop formed by the links 3.
  • each bag 2 can have a length of about 800 mm, a width of about 400 mm and a height of about 157 mm. In the case where the bags 2 contain sugar, each bag may have a weight of approximately 50 kg.
  • the burden 1 shown in Figure 1, which has 20 bags. will have a weight of around 1 ton and dimensions approaching the dimensions of the European pallet, i.e. 1200 mm / 800 mm, and a height of around 1100 mm.
  • Such a burden 1 can be handled by means of a forklift equipped with a fork with three branches, each of the three branches 5 having a length of approximately 800 mm and a width of approximately 50 mm and of which the central branch is spaced from each of the two lateral branches by a distance of approximately 530 mm.
  • the load 1 is placed on two suitable supports 6 situated respectively below the two bags 2 of the base layer as shown in FIG. 1.
  • a cardboard tube with a diameter of about 100 mm, a thickness of about 5 mm and a length of about 800 mm can advantageously be placed between the two supports.
  • the advantage of the tube 7 is that when the load 1 is placed on the ground or on top of another load and the fork legs of the forklift are removed, the tube 7 descends to the bottom of the bags of the base layer and relaxes the links 3 while retaining a passage for the central branch of the fork of the forklift for later gripping. During the laying of the burden 1, the links 3 relax, so that the bulk product contained in the bags 2, and in particular in those of the base layer, can spread out and resume its place in the bags.
  • the two bags 2 of the base layer of the upper burden can conform to the shape of the bags of the upper layer of the lower burden, so that the upper burden automatically locks onto the lower load.
  • bundles having the dimensions indicated above, it is possible to produce bundles of bundles comprising up to seven bundles or more and having a clearly greater stability than with bundles produced according to the prior art.
  • the burden 1 described above with reference to Figures 1 and 2 has three free spaces 4 in its base layer.
  • the invention should not however be limited to this number of free spaces. Indeed, the number and the location of the free spaces in the base layer will depend on the type of forklift used, and more particularly on the number and the spacing of the branches of its fork, and also on the dimensions of the unit loads. burden.
  • Figures 3 to 5 illustrate, by way of non-limiting examples, other possible arrangements for the base layer of the burden.
  • the base layer of the burden 1 shown in FIG. 3 has a single free space 4 located on one of the two sides of the base layer which is parallel to the axis of the loop formed by the link (s) 3.
  • a such a burden can be handled using a forklift, the gripping means of which comprise a single branch 5 and an apron 8.
  • the base layer of the burden 1 shown in FIG. 4 has two free spaces 4, which are located respectively on the two sides of the base layer which are parallel to the axis of the loop formed by the link (s) 3.
  • a such a burden can be handled by means of a forklift whose fork has two branches 5 spaced by a distance corresponding to the spacing between the two free spaces 4.
  • the base layer of the burden 1 shown in FIG. 5 also has two free spaces 4, but in this case, the two free spaces 4 are located at equal distances from the sides of the base layer which are parallel to the axis of the loop formed by the link (s) 3.
  • a heavy load can be handled using a forklift, the fork of which has two branches spaced by a distance corresponding to the spacing of the two free spaces 4.
  • Two tubes 7 in which can be respectively engaged the two branches 5 of the forklift can be advantageously used for gripping the burden.
  • the machine 10 shown in Figures 6 and 7 comprises, in known manner. a device 11 for making the burdens, also called a "palletizer", a strapping device 12, an evacuation station 13 and a conveyor device 14 suitable for conveying a burden made from the making device 11, through the strapping device 12 to the evacuation station 13. All these elements can be placed on a chassis 15 5 which is preferably provided with four wheels 16, two of which are steered, so that they can be brought near the place of unloading of the bags 2 for example by means of a forklift serving as a tractor. Mechanical jacks, not shown, can be provided to secure the chassis 15 in the workplace. At its left end (seen in Figures 6 and 7), i.e. near the device 11 for making the burdens, the machine 10 comprises a 17% working platform to which a handler can access by a staircase 18.
  • the manufacturing device 11 comprises a lifting table 19 movable between a high position shown in solid lines in FIG. 6 and a low position shown in phantom in this same figure.
  • the upper and lower positions of the lifting table 19 are spaced from each other by a distance slightly greater than the height of the burden 1 to be made, for example a little more than seven times the height of a bag 2 in the case where the burden 1 must include seven layers of bags.
  • the lifting table 19 supports a first conveyor 14a which can for example consist of two endless conveyor belts spaced transversely as shown in FIG. 7 so as to support the two bags 2 respectively of the base layer of the burden 1 being made .
  • a rectangular and substantially horizontal plate 20 provided with rollers 21 can roll on two rails 22 and 23 which extend substantially horizontally and which are supported at a level situated above the high position of the conveyor 14a by an appropriate support structure which has not been shown so as not to overload Figures 6 and 7.
  • the plate 20 can be moved substantially horizontally by two hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 24 with double effect between a first position located above the conveyor 14a and a second position located away from said conveyor.
  • the tray 20 has two large sides which extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 14a and which have a length substantially equal to the sum of the length and width of a bag 2, and two short sides which s 'extend in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 14a and which have a length substantially equal to the length of a bag 2.
  • a fixed vertical positioning plate 25 is disposed above and along one of the two long sides of the p ! ateau 20 when the latter is in its first position.
  • the positioning plate 25 can be fixed to the rails 22 and 23 or to their support structure.
  • the making-up device 11 further comprises retractable means for positioning the bags 2 making up the base layer of the burden 1 during making, these retractable means of positioning allowing, when they are in an active position, to provide at least one free space in the base layer of the burden being prepared.
  • the retractable positioning means may comprise two vertical plates 26 and 27 arranged perpendicular to the fixed vertical plate 25 and just above the tray 20 when the latter is in its first position.
  • the vertical plate 26 can be moved horizontally by two hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders 28 with double effect between a first position located along one of the two short sides of the plate 20 and a second position (shown in solid line in FIG. 7) located at a predetermined distance from said small side of the plate 20 towards the middle of the latter.
  • the vertical plate 27 can be moved horizontally by another pneumatic or hydraulic jack 29 with double effect between a first position (shown in phantom in Figure 6) spaced from the plate 20 and a second position (shown in solid line in Figure 7 ) located at a distance from the other short side of the plate 20, which is equal to the sum of said predetermined distance and the width of a bag 2.
  • the fixed vertical plate 25 has a vertical slot or is divided into two parts to allow the passage of the vertical plate 27 from its first position to its second position, and vice versa.
  • the conveyor device 14 comprises, in addition to the conveyor 14a, three other conveyors 14b, 14c and 14d arranged one after the other and at the same level as the conveyor 14a when the latter occupies its low position.
  • the conveyor 14d located in the evacuation station 13 is constituted by two endless conveyor belts spaced transversely from one another in the same manner as the two conveyor belts of the conveyor 14a.
  • a tube distributor 30 suitable for bringing tubes 7 one by one into the space located between the two conveyor belts of the conveyor 14d.
  • the distributor 30 may for example comprise a tank or tube store 31, the bottom of which communicates with a curved chute 32 which passes under one of the two conveyor belts of the conveyor 14d to bring the tubes 7 one by one by gravity into said space.
  • the two conveyor belts of the conveyor 14d can play the role of the two supports 6 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the bags 2 unloaded from a truck or wagon are shaped in a manner such as, for example by means of a vibration flattener device 33, and they are then conveyed in the longitudinal direction to the making device 11 1 using one or more conveyors 34 as shown in phantom in Figure 7.
  • the lifting table 19 and its conveyor 14a are placed in the high position shown in the figure 6, the plate 20 is placed by means of the two jacks 24 above the conveyor 14a, the vertical plate 27 is retracted into the position shown in phantom in FIG. 6 by means of the jack 29, and the vertical plate 26 is placed in the position shown in solid line in FIG. 7 by means of the two jacks 28.
  • the first bag 2 brought by the conveyor 34 on the plate 20 is oriented in the longitudinal direction of the conveyor 14a and placed in the angle formed by the plates 25 and 26 by a handler located on the working platform 17.
  • the handler then actuates, for example by means of a control pedal not shown, the jack 29 in order to bring the vertical plate 27 into the active position shown in the figure 7.
  • the second bag brought by the conveyor 34 on the plate 20 is oriented longitudinally and placed by the handler in the corner formed by the vertical plates 25 and 27.
  • the upper surface of the plate 20 can be furnished in known manner with a multitude of balls on which the bags 2 can be easily moved and rotated.
  • the plate 20 can be a fluidized type plate, that is to say provided with a multitude of nozzles delivering jets of compressed air making it possible to create an air cushion under the bags 2 brought to the tray 20.
  • the rail 23 may be located at a level slightly lower than the rail 22, and the rails 22 and 23 may be slightly inclined downward relative to the horizontal towards the right end of the machine 10 seen in Figures 6 and 7, so that the bags 2 are automatically placed by gravity against the vertical plates 25 and 26 or 25 and 27.
  • the vertical plate 26 makes it possible to form the free space 4 which is located on one of the two sides of the base layer of the burden 1 shown in FIG. 1, while the vertical plate 27 makes it possible to form the two other free spaces 4 which are respectively in the middle of said base layer and on the side thereof opposite the free space defined by the vertical plate 26.
  • the plate 20 is moved substantially horizontally away from the lifting table 19 by the two jacks 24. During this movement of the plate 20, the two bags 2 of the layer base are retained by the vertical plate 25 and fall respectively on the conveyor belts of the conveyor 14a.
  • the lifting table 19 is then lowered by the height of a bag 2 and the plate 20 is returned to its first position above the bags 2 of the base layer by the two jacks 24.
  • the plate 26 is then brought into its retracted position along the short side of the plate 20 by the two jacks 28, while the plate 27 is brought into its retracted position shown in phantom in Figure 6 by the jack 29.
  • the plates 26 and 27 are held in these positions retracted throughout the duration of making the following layers of the burden 1.
  • the third bag brought by the conveyor 34 is placed by the handler against the vertical plates 25 and 26 with an orientation perpendicular to that of the two bags of the base layer, the fourth bag is placed with the same orientation as the third bag against it and the vertical plate 26, and the fifth bag is placed with the same orientation as the two s acs of the base layer against the vertical plate 25 and against the adjacent ends of the third and fourth bags.
  • the second layer thus formed is then deposited on the base layer by retracting the plate 20 by means of the jacks 24.
  • wedges can be optionally provided on the lifting table 19 between the two conveyor belts of the conveyor 14a and each side of it to support the parts of the bags of the second layer which are not supported by the bags of the base layer.
  • the third layer of the load 1 can be formed.
  • the sixth bag brought by the conveyor 34 is placed by the handler with the same orientation as the two bags of the base layer against the vertical plates 25 and 26, the seventh bag is placed with an orientation perpendicular to that of the bags of the base layer against the plate 25 and the sixth bag, and the eighth bag is placed with the same orientation as the seventh bag against the sixth and seventh bags.
  • the third layer thus formed is then deposited on the second layer.
  • the following layers are formed similarly, the bags 2 of the fourth and sixth layers being arranged in the same way as those of the second layer, and the bags 2 of the fifth and seventh layers being arranged in the same way as those of the third layer, so as to form successive crossed layers.
  • the strapping device 12 With the aid of this strapping device 12, which can be of a known type, two links 3 are successively placed around the burden 1.
  • the strapping device 12 is adjusted so that the links 3 surrounding the burden 1 have a very low tension or moderate, that is to say a tension such that the burden is not appreciably deformed compared to an unrelated state but sufficient, however, to give and maintain the required shape of the burden.
  • the axis of the loops formed by the two links 3 is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the free spaces formed between the bags of the base layer.
  • the strapping material intended to form the links 3 can be constituted by a plastic tape about 16 mm in width.
  • the ribbon can be delivered to the strapping device 12 from a reel mounted in a support 35 itself pivotally mounted on one side of the chassis between a working position shown in solid line in Figure 6 and in phantom in the FIG. 7, and a transport position shown in solid lines in FIG. 7.
  • the burden 1 is transferred by the conveyors 14c and 14d to the evacuation station 13 where it can be taken in charge at the same time as a tube 7 by a forklift in the manner which has already been described above with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
  • the advance of the burden 1 through the strapping device 12, the successive stops of this burden in the two strapping positions and in the standby position at the evacuation station 13, and the strapping operations can be controlled automatically by example by means of the signals emitted by photoelectric cells placed in appropriate bins along the path followed by the burden 1. It therefore suffices for a single person to operate the machine 10, namely the handler who is on the platform 17. The latter can control the operation of the jacks 24, 28 and 29 and of the lifting table 19 from a control panel not shown.
  • each burden consists of 20 bags of 50 kg each, or a total of one tonne
  • the machine 10 can have a throughput of 30 tonnes per hour.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Machine Parts And Wound Products (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Last, bestehend aus mehreren übereinanderliegenden Schichten gleichförmiger Lastelemente und mindestens einem Bindeelement, das die Gesamtheit der Schichten umschlingt, wobei eine der Schichten mindestens einen freien Raum aufweist, der eine langgestreckte Form in einer Richtung parallel zur Achse der von dem Bindeelement gebildeten Schlaufe besitzt und von dem Bindeelement in Querrichtung übergriffen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die mit mindestens einem freien Raum (4) versehene Schicht in an sich bekannter Weise die unterste Schicht ist und daß das Bindeelement (3) eine geringe Spannung aufweist, das heißt eine solche Spannung, daß die Last (1) im Vergleich zu einem Zustand ohne Bindeelement nicht merklich verformt ist, aber dennoch ausreichend, um der Last die geforderte Form zu geben und zu erhalten.
2. Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unterste Schicht einen einzigen freien Raum (4) aufweist, der an einer Seite dieser untersten Schicht liegt, welche parallel zu der genannten Richtung verläuft.
3. Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unterste Schicht in an sich bekannter Weise zwei freie Räume (4) aufweist, die an den Seiten dieser untersten Schicht liegen, welche parallel zu der genannten Richtung verlaufen.
4. Last nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die unterste Schicht in an sich bekannter Weise einen dritten freien Raum (4) aufweist, der in ihrer Mitte liegt.
5. Last nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet. daß die unterste Schicht in an sich bekannter Weise zwei freie Räume (4) aufweist und daß diese beiden freien Räume in gleichem Abstand von deren Seiten liegen, welche parallel zu der genannten Richtung verlaufen.
6. Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Last, wobei gleichförmige Lastelemente in mehreren Schichten übereinander gelegt werden und die Gesamtheit der Schichten mit mindestens einem Bindeelement umschlungen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die gleichförmigen Lastelemente der untersten Schicht derart anordnet, daß sich in ihr in an sich bekannter Weise mindestens ein freier Raum bildet, der eine vorbestimmte Breite und eine langgestreckte Form in einer vorbestimmten Richtung besitzt; und daß man die Gesamtheit der Schichten umschlingt, indem man mit dem Bindeelement eine Schlaufe bildet, die eine relativ geringe Spannung aufweist, das heißt eine solche Spannung, daß die Last im Vergleich zu einem Zustand ohne Bindeelement nicht merklich verformt wird, aber dennoch ausreichend, um der Last die geforderte Form zu geben und zu erhalten; wobei die Achse der Schlaufe parallel zu der genannten vorbestimmten Richtung liegt.
7. Maschine zum Herstellen von Lasten, von denen jede mehrere übereinanderliegende Schichten gleichförmiger Lastelemente und mindestens ein die Schichten umschlingendes Bindeelement aufweist, mit einer Anfertigungsvorrichtung für die Lasten, einer Umschlingungsvorrichtung, einer Abgabestation und einer Fördervorrichtung, die eine angefertigte Last von der Anfertigungsvorrichtung durch die Umschlingungsvorrichtung bis zur Abgabestation transportiert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anfertigungsvorrichtung (11) ausfahrbare Positionierungseinrichtungen (26, 27) für diejenigen gleichförmigen Lastelemente (2) umfaßt, die während der Anfertigung die unterste Schicht der Last (1) bilden, wobei die ausfahrbaren Positionierungseinrichtungen, wenn sie eine aktive Stellung einnehemen, die Möglichkeit bieten, in der untersten Schicht der Last während der Anfertigung mindestens einen Freien Raum (4) auszubilden, der eine langgestreckte Form in einer Richtung parallel zur Achse der Umschlingung besitzt; und daß die Umschlingungsvorrichtung (12) so geregelt ist, daß sie das Bindeelement (3) mit geringer Spannung um die Last legt, das heißt mit einer solchen Spannung, daß die Last im Vergleich zu einem Zustand ohne Bindeelement nicht merklich verformt ist, aber dennoch ausreichend, um der Last die geforderte Form zu geben und zu erhalten.
8. Maschine nach Anspruch 7 zum Herstellen von Lasten, deren gleichförmige Lastelemente vorbestimmte Längen-, Breiten- und Höhenmaße besitzen, wobei die Anfertigungsvorrichtung folgende Bauteile umfaßt: einen Hubtisch, der zwischen einer angehobenen und einer abgesenkten Stellung bewegbar ist; einen Förderer, der von dem Hubtisch getragen wird. eine rechtwinklige, im wesentlichen horizontale Bühne mit zwei langen Seiten, die sich quer zur Längsrichtung des Förderers erstreckten und deren Länge im wesentlichen gleich der Summe aus der Länge und der Breite eines gleichförmigen Lastelemens ist, und mit zwei kurzen Seiten, die sich in Längsrichtung des Förderers erstrecken und deren Länge im wesentlichen gleich der Länge eines gleichförmigen Lastelements ist; wobei die Bühne im wesentlichen horizontal bewegbar ist zwischen einer ersten Stellung oberhalb des seine angehobene Stellung einnehmenden Förderers und einer zweiten, vom Forderer entfernten Stellung; und wobei eine vertikale stationäre Positionierungsplatte oberhalb und längs einer der beiden langen Seiten der Bühne, sofern diese ihre erste Stellung einnimmt, angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ausfahrbaren Positionierungseinrichtungen (26, 27) zwei vertikale Platten (26) und (27) umfassen, die senkrecht zu der vertikalen stationären Positionierungsplatte (25) sowie oberhalb der ihre erste Stellung einnehmenden Bühne (20) angeordnet sind; wobei die erste (26) dieser beiden vertikalen Platten horizontal bewegbar ist zwischen einer ersten Position längs einer der beiden kurzen Seiten der Bühne (20) und einer zweiten Position, die um einen vorbestimmten Abstand von dieser kurzen Seite der Bühne gegen deren Mitte versetzt ist, um einen ersten freien Raum (4) in der untersten Schicht an einer von deren Seiten zu definieren; und wobei die zweite (27) der beiden vertikalen Platten bewegbar ist zwischen einer ersten Position im Abstand von der Bühne (20) und einer zweiten Position deren Abstand von der anderen kurzen Seite der Bühne gleich ist der Summe aus dem genannten vorbestimmten Abstand und der Breite eines gleichförmigen Lastelements (2), um in der untersten Schicht zweite und dritte freie Räume (4) zu definieren, die in der Mitte bzw. an der dem ersten freien Raum gegenüberliegenden Seite der untersten Schicht angeordnet sind.
9. Maschine nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Förderer (14) in der Abgabestation (13) aus zwei endlosen Förderbändern (14d) besteht, die quer zu ihrer Längsrichtung einen Abstand einschließen, welcher dem zweiten freien Raum (4) entspricht.
10. Maschine nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß neben der Abgabestation (13) ein Verteiler (30) für Rohre (7) vorgesehen ist, der die Rohre nacheinander in den Raum zwischen den beiden endlosen Förderbändern (14d) liefert.
EP78400138A 1977-10-28 1978-10-19 Aus mehreren Schichten übereinander gestapelter Ladeeinheiten bestehende Ladung, sowie Verfahren und Maschine zu deren Ausführung Expired EP0001941B1 (de)

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FR7732684 1977-10-28
FR7732684A FR2407145A1 (fr) 1977-10-28 1977-10-28 Fardeau du type comprenant plusieurs couches superposees de charges unitaires, procede et machine pour sa realisation

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EP0001941B1 true EP0001941B1 (de) 1981-11-04

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IT1135263B (it) * 1981-02-02 1986-08-20 Meschi Ind Grafica Apparecchio di ricezione e trasferimento di materiale in foglio
GB2437509A (en) * 2006-04-28 2007-10-31 3 S S Ltd Forming a load for transportation by fork lift truck
GB2589923B (en) * 2019-12-13 2021-12-08 Three Smith Group Ltd Strapping apparatus
CN113291520B (zh) * 2021-05-18 2022-07-19 浙江百事特包装科技股份有限公司 一种防撞式穿剑打包机

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US2609923A (en) * 1949-10-27 1952-09-09 St Regis Paper Co Bag package with fork-lift handling means
US3057289A (en) * 1955-02-21 1962-10-09 Erapa Ets Strapping apparatus
NL6401838A (de) * 1964-02-26 1965-08-27
DE1586549A1 (de) * 1967-06-24 1970-08-13 Hoffmann Cyklop Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Paketieren und Umreifen von Steinen oder anderen Formkoerpern
DE1756480A1 (de) * 1968-05-28 1970-08-20 Atlas Mak Maschb Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Transportieren von Steinpaketen
US3642151A (en) * 1970-01-26 1972-02-15 Potlatch Forests Inc Sheet-handling apparatus
US3788462A (en) * 1971-02-25 1974-01-29 Owens Illinois Inc Unitized palletless load
US3688920A (en) * 1971-06-01 1972-09-05 William G Frish Palletizing apparatus
BE795279A (fr) * 1972-02-11 1973-05-29 Magnusson Gustav G Charge de marchandises comportant une pluralites de couches, et procede et machine pour la realisation de ladite charge
DE2303128A1 (de) * 1973-01-23 1974-08-01 Platmanufaktur Ab Aus mehreren schichten aufeinander gestapelter verpackungsgegenstaende bestehendes kolli, sowie verfahren und maschine zur herstellung desselben

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IT7851440A0 (it) 1978-10-10
FR2407145A1 (fr) 1979-05-25
FR2407145B1 (de) 1982-02-19
US4240340A (en) 1980-12-23
IT1106597B (it) 1985-11-11
DE2861290D1 (en) 1982-01-14
ES474866A1 (es) 1979-03-16
EP0001941A1 (de) 1979-05-16

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