EP0001415B1 - Photographic inversion process with chemical fogging, chemical fogging baths therefor, and their use in the production of photographic images - Google Patents
Photographic inversion process with chemical fogging, chemical fogging baths therefor, and their use in the production of photographic images Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0001415B1 EP0001415B1 EP78100932A EP78100932A EP0001415B1 EP 0001415 B1 EP0001415 B1 EP 0001415B1 EP 78100932 A EP78100932 A EP 78100932A EP 78100932 A EP78100932 A EP 78100932A EP 0001415 B1 EP0001415 B1 EP 0001415B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- fogging
- photographic
- bath
- denotes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
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- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfadiazine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=NC=CC=N1 SEEPANYCNGTZFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000979 synthetic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/50—Reversal development; Contact processes
Definitions
- the invention relates to an improved reverse process with chemical fogging, chemical fogging baths and their use for the production of photographic images.
- the imagewise exposed photographic material is first developed with a first developer. After that, exposure is uniform and the material thus exposed is subjected to the second development with a black and white or color developer. The process is completed by bleaching and / or fixing or bleaching the photographic material.
- the veiling baths known from German Offenlegungsschriften 1 814834 and 2009693 contain complexed tin-II ions as veiling agents. Although the concentration of oxidizable free metal ions in these baths is kept extremely low, the oxidizability is still present to such an extent that further stabilization of the fogging agents against atmospheric oxygen is necessary. Furthermore, such reducing processing baths show a pronounced tendency to form mold with longer service lives.
- the stability of the obscurants increases with the falling pH of the solutions containing them.
- a general use of strongly acidic solutions of the fogging agents is opposed, however, by the fact that the dyes customary in photographic materials are attacked in part in the more acidic range and that, in the case of a desirable direct transition of the photographic material from the bath containing the fogging agent, acids in the alkaline color developer not exactly controllable dimensions are introduced into the color developer and can impair the color developer activity.
- GB-PS 1 467 007 discloses concealment processes with certain tin complexes. These tin complexes are preferably part of a photographic developer. Such developer baths have a pH of > 9. The baths can contain other additives, for example antioxidants such as hydroxylamine.
- An object of the invention is to increase the resistance of baths containing obscurants and to avoid the disadvantages of known baths.
- radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 can optionally be substituted even with photographically harmless radicals.
- substituents are in particular alkyl, in particular with max. 4 carbon atoms; Cycloalkyl, preferably with 5 or 6 carbon atoms; Aryl, especially phenyl and heterocyclyl.
- Acyl radicals are understood to be those which are derived from aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, including carbonic acid monoesters, carbamic acids or sulfamic acids. Examples of such acyl radicals are formyl, acetyl, benzoyl, phenylcarbamoyl, ethoxycarbonyl.
- Suitable stabilizers are, for example, acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine and hydroxyl! ammonium sulfate.
- R 1 denotes a substituted acyl group
- 5- or 6-membered N-containing radicals are particularly preferred as heterocyclic radicals.
- Suitable amounts of stabilizing agents are between 0.5 mmol and 200 mmol, preferably between 2 mmol and 20 mmol per liter of the corresponding bath.
- the amount of stabilizing agent is measured so that, although adequate stabilization of the fogging agent is guaranteed, on the other hand it is so small that the stabilizing agents themselves only act to a minor extent on the photographic material.
- the pH of the baths to be used according to the invention is between pH 3 and pH 8. Excellent results are obtained in particular at these pH values if a sufficient buffer capacity in the desired pH range is ensured by the presence of a suitable buffer in the bath.
- the fogging agents can be used in the usual concentrations. Liquid concentrates of high concentration, which can be diluted up to 100 times, can also be used to regenerate the veiling baths.
- the stabilizers to be used according to the invention can be prepared by known processes, such as e.g. described in Houben-Weyl, volume 10/4, page 192 ff. and in Chemischeberichte, 101 (1968), page 3344 ff.
- a particularly suitable phosphonocarboxylic acid is 1,2,4-tricarboxybutane-2-phosphonic acid.
- the complexing agents mentioned can be used in the baths to be used according to the invention individually or in combination and, if appropriate, in excess, based on the tin-II ions present.
- the process according to the invention is applicable to the treatment of a light-sensitive, photographic material which contains couplers.
- couplers These compounds can be the usual color couplers, which are usually incorporated into the silver halide layers themselves.
- the red-sensitive layer contains a non-diffusing color coupler for producing the blue-green partial color image, generally a coupler of the phenol or a-naphthol type.
- the green-sensitive layer contains at least one non-diffusing color coupler for producing the purple partial color image, color couplers of the 5-pyrazolone or indazolone type usually being used.
- the blue-sensitive layer unit contains at least one non-diffusing color coupler for producing the yellow partial color image, usually a color coupler with an open-chain ketomethylene grouping.
- Color couplers of these types are known in large numbers and are described in a large number of patents, examples being the publication "Color Couplers" by W. PELZ in “Messages from the Research Laboratories of Agfa, Leverkusen / Kunststoff", Volume 111 (1961) and K VENKATARAMAN in "The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes", Vol. 4, 341-387, Academio Press, 1971.
- 2-equivalent couplers can be used as non-diffusing color couplers; these contain a removable substituent in the coupling point, so that they only require two equivalents of silver halide to form the color, in contrast to the usual 4-equivalent couplers.
- the 2-equivalent couplers that can be used include, for example, the known DIR couplers, in which the cleavable residue is released as a diffusing development inhibitor after reaction with color developer oxidation products.
- the so-called white couplers can also be used to improve the properties of the photographic material.
- the non-diffusing color couplers and coloring compounds are added to the light-sensitive silver halide emulsions or other casting solutions by customary known methods. If the compounds are soluble in water or alkali, they can be added to the emulsions in the form of aqueous solutions, optionally with the addition of water-miscible organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone or dimethylformamide.
- non-diffusing color couplers and coloring compounds are water- or alkali-insoluble compounds
- they can be emulsified in a known manner, for example by mixing a solution of these compounds in a low-boiling organic solvent directly with the silver halide emulsion or initially with an aqueous gelatin solution is, whereupon the organic solvent is removed in a conventional manner.
- a gelatin emulsate of the respective compound thus obtained is then mixed with the silver halide emulsion.
- coupler solvents or oil formers are additionally used to emulsify such hydrophobic compounds; these are generally higher-boiling organic compounds, which include the compounds in the form of oily droplets which split off the non-diffusing color couplers and development inhibitors to be emulsified in the silver halide emulsions.
- coupler solvents or oil formers are generally higher-boiling organic compounds, which include the compounds in the form of oily droplets which split off the non-diffusing color couplers and development inhibitors to be emulsified in the silver halide emulsions.
- the customary silver halide emulsions are suitable for the present invention. These can contain silver chloride, silver bromide, silver iodide or mixtures thereof as silver halide.
- Gelatin is preferably used as a binder for the photopraphic layers.
- binders e.g. Alginic acid and its derivatives such as salts, esters or amides, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, alkyl cellulose such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, starch or their derivatives such as ethers or esters or caragenates are suitable.
- Synthetic binders include polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the like.
- the emulsions can also be chemically sensitized, e.g. by adding sulfur-containing compounds during chemical ripening, for example allyl isothiocyanate, allyl thiourea, sodium thiosulfate and the like.
- Reducing agents e.g. the tin compounds described in Belgian patents 493,464 or 568,687, also polyamines such as diethylenetriamine, or aminomethanesulfinic acid derivatives, e.g. according to Belgian patent 547 323.
- Precious metals such as gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium or rhodium, and compounds of these metals are also suitable as chemical sensitizers.
- the emulsions can also be spectrally sensitized, e.g. by the usual mono- or polymethine dyes, such as acidic or basic cyanines, hemicyanines, streptocyanines, merocyanines, oxonols, hemioxonols, styryl dyes or others, including trinuclear or polynuclear methine dyes, for example rhodacyanines or neocyanines.
- mono- or polymethine dyes such as acidic or basic cyanines, hemicyanines, streptocyanines, merocyanines, oxonols, hemioxonols, styryl dyes or others, including trinuclear or polynuclear methine dyes, for example rhodacyanines or neocyanines.
- sensitizers are described, for example, in the work of F. M. HAMER "
- the emulsions can contain the usual stabilizers, e.g. homopolar or salt-like compounds of mercury with aromatic or heterocyclic rings, such as mercaptotriazoles, simple mercury salts, sulfonium mercury double salts and other mercury compounds.
- stabilizers e.g. homopolar or salt-like compounds of mercury with aromatic or heterocyclic rings, such as mercaptotriazoles, simple mercury salts, sulfonium mercury double salts and other mercury compounds.
- azaindenes preferably tetra- or penta-azaindenes, in particular those which are substituted by hydroxyl or amino groups. Such connections are in the article by BIRR, Z. Wiss. Phot., 47, 2-58 (1952).
- Other suitable stabilizers include heterocyclic mercapto compounds, e.g. Phenyl mercaptotetrazole, quaternary benzothiazole derivatives, benzotriazole and the like.
- the emulsions can be hardened in the usual manner, for example with formaldehyde or halogen-substituted aldehydes which contain a carboxyl group such as mucobromic acid, diketones, methanesulfonic acid esters, dialdehydes and the like.
- the photographic layers can be hardened with hardeners of the epoxy type, the heterocyclic ethylene imine or the acryloyl type.
- hardeners are e.g. in German Offenlegungsschrift 2 263 602 or in British Patent 1 266 655.
- hardeners of the diazine, triazine or 1,2-dihydroquinoline series are alkyl or arylsulfonyl group-containing diazine derivatives, derivatives of hydrogenated diazines or triazines, e.g. 1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine, fluorine-substituted diazine derivatives, e.g.
- Fluoropyrimidines esters of 2-substituted 1,2-dihydroquinoline or 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-N-carboxylic acids.
- Vinyl sulfonic acid hardeners, carbodiimide or carbamoyl hardeners such as e.g. in German Offenlegungsschriften 2,263,602, 2,225,230 and 1,808,685, French Patent 1,491,807, German Patent 872,153 and GDR Patent 7218.
- Other useful hardeners are described, for example, in British Patent 1,268,550.
- Suitable are e.g. Films made from cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, such as cellulose triacetate, polystyrene, polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefins, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, a barytized or a polyolefin-laminated, e.g. a polyethylene-coated paper base, as well as glass and the like.
- photographic reversal material with at least one silver halide emulsion layer exposed imagewise and subjected to a black-and-white development and optionally a stop bath and a washing.
- the photographic material is then treated in a bath with the solution of the fogging agents stabilized according to the invention. If necessary, this bath, which contains the fogging agents, can be combined with a bath which is customary between the first and second development of the photographic material.
- the photographic material thus treated is developed in a second developer to form a positive reverse image.
- the usual reagents can be used to adjust an alkaline pH in the second developer.
- the second developer can also contain the usual components such as complexing agents.
- the photographic material can be treated with an alkaline bath after the bath containing the fogging agents, but before the second development.
- the advantage of the method according to the invention compared to the previously used concealment methods lies in the stabilization of the concealment agents, which is ensured in particular also at higher pH values between pH 3 and pH 8.
- such an addition can effectively suppress the known strong tendency to mold.
- a commercially available reversible multilayer color photographic material with a red-sensitive, a green-sensitive and a blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing color couplers for the respective partial images in the corresponding light-sensitive layers is exposed imagewise in a conventional manner.
- the exposed color photographic material is then subjected to an initial development in a developer of the following composition (quantity per liter):
- the photographic material treated in this way is subjected to a stop bath and a wash and bleached and fixed in a known manner and subjected to a final wash.
- the tin-II complex of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is prepared in accordance with the information in German Offenlegungsschrift 1 814 834, Example 7, page 23. 3.0 g of stannous chloride hydrate and the amounts of residual reactants corresponding to this amount are used. The resulting solution of the tin-II complex is mixed with so much water that three samples (samples A, B and C) of 900 ml are obtained upon division.
- Sample A is adjusted to pH 5 and made up to 1000 ml with water.
- Sample B is mixed with 3.0 g of acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine, dissolved in 20 ml of methanol.
- the pH is adjusted to 5 with sodium acetate and the solution is made up to 1000 ml with water.
- Sample C is mixed with 2.7 g of hydroxylammonium sulfate.
- the pH is adjusted to 5 with sodium acetate and the solution is made up to 1000 ml with water.
- Example 1 The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, with the modification that instead of the preliminary baths described in Example 1, the following preliminary baths are used.
- the tin-II complex of gluconic acid is prepared as described in British Patent 1,467,007, page 2, lines 50-65.
- the solution obtained is diluted with water in such a way that its content of stannous ions per liter corresponds to that of the preliminary baths.
- the same volume as the pre-baths D, E and F is used as the pre-bath.
- Example 1 The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the prebaths H and K described below are used instead of the prebaths described in Example 1.
- prebaths H and K To prepare these prebaths, 6.5 g of the disodium salt of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid are dissolved in 50 ml of water and mixed with 5 g of stannous chloride hydrate. This solution is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution until a clear solution is obtained. The pH of this solution is adjusted to 5 and the solution is then made up to 100 ml with water. 10 ml of this solution are used to prepare the preliminary baths H, I and K.
- 10 ml of the solution are diluted to 800 ml with water and buffered by adding glacial acetic acid and sodium acetate. The pH is adjusted to 5 and the solution is finally made up to 1000 ml with water.
- Example 1 The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the pre-baths L and M described below are used instead of the prebaths described in Example 1.
- To prepare these preliminary baths 5 g of stannous chloride are dissolved in 25 ml of a 50% solution of 1,2,4-tricarboxybutane-2-phosphonic acid. This solution is made up to 100 ml with water. 10 ml of this solution are used to prepare the preliminary baths.
- 10 ml of the solution are made up to 1000 ml with water and the pH is adjusted to pH 5 with NaOH.
- hydroxylammonium sulfate 2.7 g are dissolved in 950 ml of water and mixed with 10 ml of the above solution.
- the pH is adjusted to pH 5 with NaOH and the volume is made up to 1000 ml with water.
- prebath M The freshly prepared baths L and M ensure an excellent maximum color density. After a standing time of 8 days, however, there is a clear drop in the color densities obtained with prebath L, while excellent maximum color densities are still obtained when using the process according to the invention (prebath M), as can be seen from Table 4 below.
- Example 1 The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the pre-baths N, 0, P and Q described below are used instead of the pre-baths described in Example 1.
- To prepare these preliminary baths 36 g of trisodium citrate x 5.5H z 0 are dissolved in 150 ml of water and, after addition of 10 g of stannous chloride dihydrate, stirred until a clear solution is obtained. The pH is adjusted to 5.0 with citric acid or NaOH, then made up to 200 ml with water.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein verbessertes Umkehrverfahren mit chemischer Verschleierung, chemische Verschleierungsbäder und ihre Verwendung zur Herstellung photographischer Bilder.The invention relates to an improved reverse process with chemical fogging, chemical fogging baths and their use for the production of photographic images.
Bei den üblichen photographischen Umkehrverfahren zur Herstellung positiver schwarz-weißer oder farbiger photographischer Aufnahmen wird das bildmäßig belichtete photographische Material zunächst mit einem Erstentwickler entwickelt. Danach wird uniform belichtet und das so belichtete Material der Zweitentwicklung mit einem Schwarz-Weiß- oder Farbentwickler unterworfen. Der Verfahrensgang wird abgeschlossen durch die Bleichung und/oder Fixierung oder Bleichfixierung des photographischen Materials.In the usual photographic reversal processes for the production of positive black-and-white or color photographs, the imagewise exposed photographic material is first developed with a first developer. After that, exposure is uniform and the material thus exposed is subjected to the second development with a black and white or color developer. The process is completed by bleaching and / or fixing or bleaching the photographic material.
Diese Umkehrverfahren könnten erheblich einfacher und betriebssicherer gestaltet werden, wenn es gelingt, die Zweitbelichtung durch eine geeignete andere Behandlung des photographischen Materials zu ersetzen. Vor allem bei der Verarbeitung von Roll- und Kleinbildfilmen in Spiralen sowie von Planfilmen in Planfilmhaltern für mehrfache Einsätze ist eine Zweitbelichtung schwierig zu handhaben.These reversal processes could be made considerably simpler and more reliable if the second exposure could be replaced by a suitable other treatment of the photographic material. A second exposure is difficult to handle, especially when processing roll and 35mm film in spirals and sheet film in sheet film holders for multiple uses.
Es ist bekannt, daß sich die Zweitbelichtung vermeiden läßt durch die Anwendung chemischer Verschleierungsmittel, die spätestens zur Zweitentwicklung gegeben werden. Für diese Zwecke sind beschrieben worden z.B. Boranocarbonate, Borhydride und Alkylaminoborane, beispielsweise in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 1 622 258.It is known that the second exposure can be avoided by using chemical fogging agents, which are given at the latest for the second development. For these purposes, e.g. Boranocarbonates, borohydrides and alkylaminoboranes, for example in German Offenlegungsschrift 1 622 258.
Der Nachteil dieser Verbindungen liegt darin, daß sie in Lösung gegen Luftsauerstoff empfindlich sind und sich damit ihre Konzentration in der Lösung ändert. Dies wirkt sich in der Anwendung der bisher bekannten Verschleierungsbäder dadurch verstärkt aus, daß der optimale Verschleierungsgrad von einer bestimmten Konzentration des Verschleierungsmittels in sehr engen Grenzen erreicht wird, Wird z.B. eine zu hohe Konzentration vorgegeben, um den Verlust durch Oxidation durch Luftsauerstoff während der Gebrauchsdauer zu kompensieren, so wird neben der erwünschten Keimbildung eine unerwünscht starke Reduktion von Silberhalogenid stattfinden, so daß Silberhalogenid zur Farbstoffbildung im Color-Zweitentwickler fehlt.The disadvantage of these compounds is that they are sensitive to atmospheric oxygen in solution and thus their concentration in the solution changes. This has an increased effect in the use of the hiding baths known hitherto in that the optimum degree of covering is achieved within a very narrow range from a specific concentration of the covering agent. If the concentration is too high to compensate for the loss due to oxidation by atmospheric oxygen during the period of use, an undesirable strong reduction of silver halide will take place in addition to the desired nucleation, so that silver halide for dye formation is missing in the second color developer.
Die aus den deutschen Offenlegungsschriften 1 814834 und 2009693 bekannten Verschleierungsbäder enthalten als Verschleierungsmittel komplexierte Zinn-II-Ionen. Wenngleich in diesen Bädern die Konzentration an oxidierbaren freien Metallionen äußerst gering gehalten wird, so ist doch die Oxidierbarkeit noch in einem Ausmaße vorhanden, daß eine weitere Stabilisierung der Verschleierungsmittel gegen Luftsauerstoff erforderlich ist. Des weiteren zeigen derartige reduzierende Verarbeitungsbäder eine ausgeprägte Neigung zur Schimmelbildung bei längeren Standzeiten.The veiling baths known from German Offenlegungsschriften 1 814834 and 2009693 contain complexed tin-II ions as veiling agents. Although the concentration of oxidizable free metal ions in these baths is kept extremely low, the oxidizability is still present to such an extent that further stabilization of the fogging agents against atmospheric oxygen is necessary. Furthermore, such reducing processing baths show a pronounced tendency to form mold with longer service lives.
Die Stabilität der Verschleierungsmittel steigt mit fallendem pH-Wert der sie enthaltenden Lösungen. Einer generellen Verwendung von stark sauren Lösungen der Verschleierungsmittel steht aber entgegen, daß die in photographischen Materialien üblichen Farbstoffe zum Teil im stärker sauren Bereich angegriffen werden und daß bei einem wünschenswerten direkten Übergang des photographischen Materials aus dem das Verschleierungsmittel enthaltenden Bad in den alkalischen Farbentwickler Säuren in nicht exakt kontrollierbarem Maße in den Farbentwickler eingeschleppt werden und zur Beeinträchtigung der Farbentwickleraktivität führen können.The stability of the obscurants increases with the falling pH of the solutions containing them. A general use of strongly acidic solutions of the fogging agents is opposed, however, by the fact that the dyes customary in photographic materials are attacked in part in the more acidic range and that, in the case of a desirable direct transition of the photographic material from the bath containing the fogging agent, acids in the alkaline color developer not exactly controllable dimensions are introduced into the color developer and can impair the color developer activity.
Aus der GB-PS 1 467 007 sind Verschleierungsverfahren mit bestimmten Zinnkomplexen bekannt. Diese Zinnkomplexe sind vorzugsweise Bestandteil eines photographischen Entwicklers. Derartige Entwicklerbäder weisen einen pH-Wert von >9 auf. Die Bäder können weitere Zusätze, z.B. Antioxydantien wie Hydroxylamin enthalten.GB-PS 1 467 007 discloses concealment processes with certain tin complexes. These tin complexes are preferably part of a photographic developer. Such developer baths have a pH of > 9. The baths can contain other additives, for example antioxidants such as hydroxylamine.
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Beständigkeit von Verschleierungsmittel enthaltenden Bädern zu erhöhen und die Nachteile bekannter Bäder zu vermeiden. Insbesondere ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Stabilität von Bädern zu erhöhen, die als Verschleierungsmittel Komplexe von geeigneten Metallionen, insbesondere von Zinn-II-Ionen, enthalten.An object of the invention is to increase the resistance of baths containing obscurants and to avoid the disadvantages of known baths. In particular, it is an object of the invention to increase the stability of baths which contain complexes of suitable metal ions, in particular tin-II ions, as obscurants.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß eine derartige Stabilisierung dadurch erreicht werden kann, daß die das Verschleierungsmittel enthaltenden Bäder, insbesondere vor der Zweitentwicklung verwendeten Vorbäder, zusätzlich zu den verschleiernd wirkenden Metallkomplexen mindestens ein Stabilisierungsmittel folgender allgemeinen Formel, bzw. eines Tautomeren davon, oder mindestens ein Salz der Verbindungen dieser allgemeinen Formel enthalten:
- R1, R2 gleich oder verschieden Wasserstoff, eine gesättigte oder ungesättigte aliphatische Gruppe, Aryl, eine heterocyclische Gruppe, eine Acyl-Gruppe,
- X OR3 oder NR4R5, worin R3, R4 und R5 gleich oder verschieden sind und die unter R1 angegebene Bedeutung haben;
und/oder - R 1 und R2 zusammen die zur Vervollständigung eines vorzugsweise 5- oder 6-gliedrigen Ringes erforderlichen Ringglieder.
- R 1 , R 2 are the same or different hydrogen, a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group, aryl, a heterocyclic group, an acyl group,
- X OR 3 or NR 4 R 5 , wherein R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are identical or different and have the meaning given under R 1 ;
and or - R 1 and R 2 together are the ring members required to complete a preferably 5- or 6-membered ring.
Die Reste Rl, R2, R3, R4 und R5 können gegebenenfalls selbst mit photographisch unbedenklichen Resten substituiert sein. Derartige Substituenten sind in vorliegendem Falle insbesondere Alkyl, insbesondere mit max. 4 C-Atomen; Cycloalkyl, bevorzugt mit 5 oder 6 C-Atomen; Aryl, insbesondere Phenyl und Heterocyclyl.The radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 can optionally be substituted even with photographically harmless radicals. In the present case, such substituents are in particular alkyl, in particular with max. 4 carbon atoms; Cycloalkyl, preferably with 5 or 6 carbon atoms; Aryl, especially phenyl and heterocyclyl.
Als Acylreste werden solche verstanden, die sich ableiten von aliphatischen oder aromatischen Carbon- oder Sulfonsäuren einschließlich Kohlensäuremonoestern, Carbaminsäuren oder Sulfaminsäuren. Beispiele für derartige Acylreste sind Formyl, Acetyl, Benzoyl, Phenylcarbamoyl, Ethoxycarbonyl.Acyl radicals are understood to be those which are derived from aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic or sulfonic acids, including carbonic acid monoesters, carbamic acids or sulfamic acids. Examples of such acyl radicals are formyl, acetyl, benzoyl, phenylcarbamoyl, ethoxycarbonyl.
Geeignete Stabilisierungsmittel sind beispielsweise Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazin und Hydroxyl-! ammoniumsulfat.Suitable stabilizers are, for example, acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine and hydroxyl! ammonium sulfate.
Besonders geeignet sind Verbindungen der allgemeinen Formel, in denen bedeuten:
- X = OH
- R1 = H, gesättigte oder ungesättigte aliphatische Gruppe, Aryl, eine heterocyclische Gruppe, eine gegebenenfalls substituierte Acylgruppe,
insbesondere folgende Verbindungen
- X = OH
- R 1 = H, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group, aryl, a heterocyclic group, an optionally substituted acyl group,
especially the following connections
Besonders geeignet sind Verbindungen, in denen R1 eine substituierte Acylgruppe bedeutet.Compounds in which R 1 denotes a substituted acyl group are particularly suitable.
Als heterocyclische Reste sind insbesondere bevorzugt 5- oder 6-gliedrige N-haltige Reste.5- or 6-membered N-containing radicals are particularly preferred as heterocyclic radicals.
Geeignete Mengen an Stabilisierungsmitteln liegen zwischen 0,5 mMol und 200 mMol, bevorzugt zwischen 2 mMol und 20 mMol pro Liter des entsprechenden Bades. Dabei wird die Menge des Stabilisierungsmittels so bemessen, daß zwar eine ausreichende Stabilisierung der Verschleierungsmittel gewährleistet ist, andererseits aber so gering ist, daß die Stabilisierungsmittei nur in untergeordnetem Umfange selbst auf das photographische Material wirken.Suitable amounts of stabilizing agents are between 0.5 mmol and 200 mmol, preferably between 2 mmol and 20 mmol per liter of the corresponding bath. The amount of stabilizing agent is measured so that, although adequate stabilization of the fogging agent is guaranteed, on the other hand it is so small that the stabilizing agents themselves only act to a minor extent on the photographic material.
Der pH-Wert der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Bäder liegt zwischen pH 3 und pH 8. Besonders bei diesen pH-Werten werden ausgezeichnete Ergebnisse erhalten, wenn durch Anwesenheit eines geeigneten Puffers im Bad eine ausreichende Pufferkapazität im gewünschten pH-Bereich gewährleistet ist.The pH of the baths to be used according to the invention is between pH 3 and pH 8. Excellent results are obtained in particular at these pH values if a sufficient buffer capacity in the desired pH range is ensured by the presence of a suitable buffer in the bath.
Die Verschleierungsmittel können in den üblichen Konzentrationen verwendet werden. Zur Regenerierung der Verschleierungsbäder können auch Flüssigkonzentrate hoher Konzentration verwendet werden, die bis zum 100-fachen verdünnt werden können.The fogging agents can be used in the usual concentrations. Liquid concentrates of high concentration, which can be diluted up to 100 times, can also be used to regenerate the veiling baths.
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Stabilizierungsmittel kann nach bekannten Verfahren erfolgen, wie z.B. beschrieben in Houben-Weyl, Band 10/4, Seite 192 ff. und in Chemische Berichte, 101 (1968), Seiten 3344 ff.The stabilizers to be used according to the invention can be prepared by known processes, such as e.g. described in Houben-Weyl, volume 10/4, page 192 ff. and in Chemischeberichte, 101 (1968), page 3344 ff.
Als Komplexbildner für die Verschleierungsmittel sind insbesondere Carbonsäuren und Phosphonsäuren geeignet, wie z.B.:
- Aminocarbonsäuren, wie z.B. Äthylendiamintetraessigsäure und die in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 1 814 834 genannten Hydroxycarbonsäuren, wie beispielsweise Gluconsäure und Citronensäure; Phosphonsäuren vom Typ der Nitrilomethylenphosphonsäuren und der Alkylidenphosphonsäuren, wie sie beispielsweise in der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 009 693 aufgeführt sind, Azacycloalkan-2,2-diphosphonsäuren, wie sie aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 610 678 bekannt sind oder Phosphonocarbonsäuren mit wenigstens einer Carboxy- und wenigstens einer Phosphonogruppe im Molekül, insbesondere Säuren folgender allgemeiner Formel:
worin bedeuten - R7,R8,R9,R'0 gleich oder verschieden, Wasserstoff, Alkyl mit 1 bis 4 C-Atomen, Hydroxyl oder (CH2)mX, wobei X eine Phosphono- oder eine Carboxygruppe sein kann und m 0 oder eine ganze Zahl von 1 bis 4, mit der Maßgabe, daß wenigstens einer der Substituenten R7 bis R10 aus einer Phosphonogruppe besteht oder eine solche enthält.
- Aminocarboxylic acids, such as, for example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and the hydroxycarboxylic acids mentioned in German Offenlegungsschrift 1 814 834, such as, for example, gluconic acid and citric acid; Phosphonic acids of the type of nitrilomethylenephosphonic acids and alkylidenephosphonic acids, such as are listed, for example, in German Offenlegungsschrift 2 009 693, azacycloalkane-2,2-diphosphonic acids, as known from German Offenlegungsschrift 2 610 678, or phosphonocarboxylic acids with at least one carboxy and at least one a phosphono group in the molecule, in particular acids of the following general formula:
in what mean - R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R ' 0, the same or different, hydrogen, alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyl or (CH 2 ) m X, where X can be a phosphono or a carboxy group and m 0 or an integer from 1 to 4, with the proviso that at least one of the substituents R 7 to R 10 consists of or contains a phosphono group.
Eine besonders geeignete Phosphonocarbonsäure ist 1,2,4-Tricarboxybutan-2-phosphonsäure.A particularly suitable phosphonocarboxylic acid is 1,2,4-tricarboxybutane-2-phosphonic acid.
Die genannten Komplexbildner können in den erfindungsgamäß zu verwendenden Bädern einzeln oder in Kombination und gegebenenfalls im Überschuß, bezogen auf die vorhandenen Zinn-II-Ionen, eingesetzt werden.The complexing agents mentioned can be used in the baths to be used according to the invention individually or in combination and, if appropriate, in excess, based on the tin-II ions present.
Zur Entwicklung in dem erfindungsgemäßen photographischen Umkehrverfahren können die üblichen Farbentwicklersubstanzen verwendet werden, wie beispielsweise:
- N,N-Dimethyl-p-phenylendiamin
- 4-Amino-3-methyl-N-äthyl-N-methoxyäthylanilin
- Monomethyl-p-phenylendiamin
- 2-Amino-5-diäthylaminotoluol
- N-Butyl-N-w-sulfobutyl-p-phenylendiamin
- 2-Amino-5-(N-äthyl-N-ß-methansulfonamidäthyl-amino)-toluol
- N-Äthyl-N-ß-hydroxyäthyl-p-phenylendiamin
- N,N-Bis-(ß-hydroxyäthyl)-p-phenylendiamin
- 2-Amino-5-(N-äthyl-N-ß-hydroxyäthylamino)-toluol
- N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine
- 4-amino-3-methyl-N-ethyl-N-methoxyethylaniline
- Monomethyl-p-phenylenediamine
- 2-amino-5-diethylaminotoluene
- N-butyl-Nw-sulfobutyl-p-phenylenediamine
- 2-amino-5- (N-ethyl-N-ß-methanesulfonamidäthyl-amino) toluene
- N-ethyl-N-ß-hydroxyethyl-p-phenylenediamine
- N, N-bis (ß-hydroxyethyl) -p-phenylenediamine
- 2-amino-5- (N-ethyl-N-ß-hydroxyethylamino) toluene
Weitere brauchbare Farbentwickler sind beispielsweise beschrieben in J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 73, 3100 (1951).Other useful color developers are described, for example, in J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 73, 3100 (1951).
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist auf die Behandlung eines lichtempfindlichen, photographischen Materials anwendbar, welches Kuppler enthält. Bei diesen Verbindungen kann es sich um die üblichen Farbkuppler handeln, die in der Regel den Silberhalogenidschichten selbst einverleibt sind. So enthält die rotempfindliche Schicht beispielsweise einen nicht diffundierenden Farbkuppler zur Erzeugung des blaugrünen Teilfarbenbildes, in der Regel einen Kuppler vom Phenol- oder a-Naphtholtyp. Die grünempfindliche Schicht enthält mindestens einen nicht diffundierenden Farbkuppler zur Erzeugung des purpurnen Teilfarbenbildes, wobei üblicherweise Farbkuppler vom Typ des 5-Pyrazolons oder des Indazolons Verwendung finden. Die blauempfindliche Schichteinheit schließlich enthält mindestens einen nicht diffundierenden Farbkuppler zur Erzeugung des gelben Teilfarbenbildes, in der Regel einen Farbkuppler mit einer offenkettigen Ketomethylengruppierung. Farbkuppler dieser Arten sind in großer Zahl bekannt und in einer Vielzahl von Patentschriften beschrieben, Beispielhaft sei hier auf die Veröffentlichung "Farbkuppler" von W. PELZ in "Mitteilungen aus den Forschunglaboratorien der Agfa, Leverkusen/München", Band 111 (1961) und K. VENKATARAMAN in "The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes", Vol. 4, 341-387, Academio Press, 1971, hingewiesen.The process according to the invention is applicable to the treatment of a light-sensitive, photographic material which contains couplers. These compounds can be the usual color couplers, which are usually incorporated into the silver halide layers themselves. For example, the red-sensitive layer contains a non-diffusing color coupler for producing the blue-green partial color image, generally a coupler of the phenol or a-naphthol type. The green-sensitive layer contains at least one non-diffusing color coupler for producing the purple partial color image, color couplers of the 5-pyrazolone or indazolone type usually being used. Finally, the blue-sensitive layer unit contains at least one non-diffusing color coupler for producing the yellow partial color image, usually a color coupler with an open-chain ketomethylene grouping. Color couplers of these types are known in large numbers and are described in a large number of patents, examples being the publication "Color Couplers" by W. PELZ in "Messages from the Research Laboratories of Agfa, Leverkusen / Munich", Volume 111 (1961) and K VENKATARAMAN in "The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes", Vol. 4, 341-387, Academio Press, 1971.
Als nicht diffundierende Farbkuppler können 2-Äquivalentkuppler verwendet werden; diese enthalten in der Kupplungsstelle einen abspaltbaren Substituenten, so daß sie zur Farbbildung nur zwei Äquivalente Silberhalogenid benötigen im Unterschied zu den üblichen 4-Äquivalentkupplern. Zu den einsetzbaren 2-Äquivalentkupplern gehören beispielsweise die bekannten DIR-Kuppler, bei denen der abspaltbare Rest nach Reaktion mit Farbentwickleroxidationsprodukten als diffundierender Entwicklungsinhibitor in Freiheit gesetzt wird. Weiterhin können zur Verbesserung der Eigenschaften des photographischen Materials die sogenannten Weißkuppler eingesetzt werden.2-equivalent couplers can be used as non-diffusing color couplers; these contain a removable substituent in the coupling point, so that they only require two equivalents of silver halide to form the color, in contrast to the usual 4-equivalent couplers. The 2-equivalent couplers that can be used include, for example, the known DIR couplers, in which the cleavable residue is released as a diffusing development inhibitor after reaction with color developer oxidation products. The so-called white couplers can also be used to improve the properties of the photographic material.
Die nicht diffundierenden Farbkuppler und farbgebenden Verbindungen werden den lichtempflindlichen Silberhalogenidemulsionen oder sonstigen Gießlösungen nach üblichen bekannten Methoden zugesetzt. Wenn es sich um wasser- oder alkalilösliche Verbindungen handelt, können sie den Emulsionen in Form von wässrigen Lösungen, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz von mit Wasser mischbaren organischen Lösungsmitteln wie Äthanol, Aceton oder Dimethylformamid, zugesetzt werden. Soweit es sich bei den nicht diffundierenden Farbkupplern und farbgebenden Verbindungen um wasser- bzw. alkaliunlösliche Verbindungen handelt, können sie in bekannter Weise emulgiert werden, z.B. indem eine Lösung dieser Verbindungen in einem niedrigsiedenden organischen Lösungsmittel direkt mit der Silberhalogenidemulsion oder zunächst mit einer wässrigen Gelatinelösung vermischt wird, worauf das organische Lösungsmittel in üblicher Weise entfernt wird. Ein so erhaltenes Gelatineemulgat der jeweiligen Verbindung wird anschließend mit der Silberhalogenidemulsion vermischt. Gegebenenfalls verwendet man zur Einemulgierung derartiger hydrophober Verbindungen zusätzlich noch sogenannte Kupplerlösungsmittel oder Ölformer; das sind in der Regel höhersiedende organische Verbindungen, die die in den silberhalogenidemulsionen zu emulgierenden nicht diffundierenden Farbkuppler und Entwicklungsinhibitor abspaltenden Verbindungen in Form öliger Tröpfchen einschließen. Verweisen sei in diesem Zusammenhang beispielsweise auf die US-Patentschriften 2322027, 2 533 514, 3689271 und 3 765 897. Für die vorliegende Erfindung sind die üblichen Silberhalogenidemulsionen geeignet. Diese können als Silberhalogenid Silberchlorid, Silberbromid, Silberjodid oder Gemische davon enthalten. Als Bindemittel für die photopraphischen Schichten wird vorzugsweise Gelatine verwendet.The non-diffusing color couplers and coloring compounds are added to the light-sensitive silver halide emulsions or other casting solutions by customary known methods. If the compounds are soluble in water or alkali, they can be added to the emulsions in the form of aqueous solutions, optionally with the addition of water-miscible organic solvents such as ethanol, acetone or dimethylformamide. Insofar as the non-diffusing color couplers and coloring compounds are water- or alkali-insoluble compounds, they can be emulsified in a known manner, for example by mixing a solution of these compounds in a low-boiling organic solvent directly with the silver halide emulsion or initially with an aqueous gelatin solution is, whereupon the organic solvent is removed in a conventional manner. A gelatin emulsate of the respective compound thus obtained is then mixed with the silver halide emulsion. If necessary, so-called coupler solvents or oil formers are additionally used to emulsify such hydrophobic compounds; these are generally higher-boiling organic compounds, which include the compounds in the form of oily droplets which split off the non-diffusing color couplers and development inhibitors to be emulsified in the silver halide emulsions. In this connection, reference is made, for example, to US Pat. Nos. 2322027, 2,533,514, 3689271 and 3,765,897. The customary silver halide emulsions are suitable for the present invention. These can contain silver chloride, silver bromide, silver iodide or mixtures thereof as silver halide. Gelatin is preferably used as a binder for the photopraphic layers.
Diese kann jedoch ganz oder teilweise durch andere natürliche oder synthetische Bindemittel ersetzt werden. An natürlichen Bindemitteln sind z.B. Alginsäure und deren Derivate wie Salze, Ester oder Amide, Cellulosederivate wie Carboxymethylcellulose, Alkylcellulose wie Hydroxäthylcellulose, Stärke oder deren Derivate wie Äther oder Ester oder Caragenate geeignet. An synthetischen Bindemitteln seien erwähnt Polyvinylalkohol, teilweise verseiftes Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylpyrrolidon und dergleichen.However, this can be replaced in whole or in part by other natural or synthetic binders. On natural binders e.g. Alginic acid and its derivatives such as salts, esters or amides, cellulose derivatives such as carboxymethyl cellulose, alkyl cellulose such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, starch or their derivatives such as ethers or esters or caragenates are suitable. Synthetic binders include polyvinyl alcohol, partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone and the like.
Die Emulsionen können auch chemisch sensibilisiert werden, z.B. durch Zusatz schwefelhaltiger Verbindungen bei der chemischen Reifung, beispielsweise Allylisothiocyanat, Allylthioharnstoff, Natriumthiosulfat und ähnliche. Als chemische Sensibilisatoren können ferner auch Reduktionsmittel, z.B. die in den belgischen Patentschriften 493 464 oder 568 687 beschriebenen Zinnverbindungen, ferner Polyamine wie Diäthylentriamin, oder Aminomethansulfinsäurederivate, z.B. gemäß der belgischen Patentschrift 547 323, verwendet werden. Geeignet als chemische Sensibilisatoren sind auch Edelmetalle, wie Gold, Platin, Palladium, Iridium, Ruthenium oder Rhodium, sowie Verbindungen dieser Metalle. Diese Methode der chemischen Sensibilisierung ist in dem Artikel von R. KOSLOWSKY, Z. WISS. Phot. 46, 65-72 (1951), beschrieben. Es ist ferner möglich, die Emulsionen mit Polyalkylenoxidderivaten zu sensibilisieren, z.B. mit Polyäthylenoxid eines Molekulargewichtes zwischen 1000 und 20.000, ferner mit Kondensationsprodukten von Alkylenoxiden und aliphatischen. Carbonsäuren, aliphatischen Aminen, aliphatischen Diaminen und Amiden. Die Kondensationsprodukte haben eine Molekulargewicht von mindestens 700, vorzugsweise von mehr als 1000. Zur Erzielung besonderer Effekte kann man diese Sensibilisatoren selbstverständlich kombiniert verwenden, wie in der belgischen Patentschrift 537 278 und in der britischen Patentschrift 727 982 beschrieben.The emulsions can also be chemically sensitized, e.g. by adding sulfur-containing compounds during chemical ripening, for example allyl isothiocyanate, allyl thiourea, sodium thiosulfate and the like. Reducing agents, e.g. the tin compounds described in Belgian patents 493,464 or 568,687, also polyamines such as diethylenetriamine, or aminomethanesulfinic acid derivatives, e.g. according to Belgian patent 547 323. Precious metals, such as gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium or rhodium, and compounds of these metals are also suitable as chemical sensitizers. This method of chemical sensitization is described in the article by R. KOSLOWSKY, Z. WISS. Phot. 46, 65-72 (1951). It is also possible to sensitize the emulsions with polyalkylene oxide derivatives, e.g. with polyethylene oxide of a molecular weight between 1000 and 20,000, also with condensation products of alkylene oxides and aliphatic. Carboxylic acids, aliphatic amines, aliphatic diamines and amides. The condensation products have a molecular weight of at least 700, preferably more than 1000. To achieve special effects, these sensitizers can of course be used in combination, as described in Belgian patent 537 278 and British patent 727 982.
Die Emulsionen können auch spektral sensibilisiert sein, z.B. durch die üblichen Mono- oder Polymethinfarbstoffe, wie saure oder basische Cyanine, Hemicyanine, Streptocyanine, Merocyanine, Oxonole, Hemioxonole, Styrylfarbstoffe oder anderen, auch drei- oder mehrkernige Methinfarbstoffe, beispielsweise Rhodacyanine oder Neocyanine. Derartige Sensibilisatoren sind beispielsweise beschrieben in dem Werk von F. M. HAMER "The Cyanine Dyes and Related Compound" (1964), Interscience Publishers John Wiley and Sons. Die Emulsionen können die üblichen Stabilisatoren ehthalten, wie z.B. homöopolare oder salzartige Verbindungen des Quecksilbers mit aromatischen oder heterocyclischen Ringen, wie Mercaptotriazole, einfache Quecksilbersalze, Sulfoniumquecksilberdoppelsalze und andere Quecksilberverbindungen. Als Stabilisatoren sind ferner geeignet Azaindene, vorzugsweise Tetra- oder Pentaazaindene, insbesondere solche, die mit Hydroxyl- oder Aminogruppen substituiert sind. Derartige Verbindungen sind in dem Artikel von BIRR, Z. Wiss. Phot., 47, 2-58 (1952) beschrieben. Weitere geeignete Stabilisatoren sind u.a. heterocyclische Mercaptoverbindungen, z.B. Phenylmercaptotetrazol, quaternäre Benzthiazolderivate, Benztriazol und ähnliche.The emulsions can also be spectrally sensitized, e.g. by the usual mono- or polymethine dyes, such as acidic or basic cyanines, hemicyanines, streptocyanines, merocyanines, oxonols, hemioxonols, styryl dyes or others, including trinuclear or polynuclear methine dyes, for example rhodacyanines or neocyanines. Such sensitizers are described, for example, in the work of F. M. HAMER "The Cyanine Dyes and Related Compound" (1964), Interscience Publishers John Wiley and Sons. The emulsions can contain the usual stabilizers, e.g. homopolar or salt-like compounds of mercury with aromatic or heterocyclic rings, such as mercaptotriazoles, simple mercury salts, sulfonium mercury double salts and other mercury compounds. Also suitable as stabilizers are azaindenes, preferably tetra- or penta-azaindenes, in particular those which are substituted by hydroxyl or amino groups. Such connections are in the article by BIRR, Z. Wiss. Phot., 47, 2-58 (1952). Other suitable stabilizers include heterocyclic mercapto compounds, e.g. Phenyl mercaptotetrazole, quaternary benzothiazole derivatives, benzotriazole and the like.
Die Emulsionen können in der üblichen Weise gehärtet sein, beispielsweise mit Formaldehyd oder halogensubstituierten Aldehyden, die eine Carboxylgruppe enthalten wie Mucobromsäure, Diketonen, Methansulfonsäureestern, Dialdehyden und dergleichen.The emulsions can be hardened in the usual manner, for example with formaldehyde or halogen-substituted aldehydes which contain a carboxyl group such as mucobromic acid, diketones, methanesulfonic acid esters, dialdehydes and the like.
Weiterhin können die photographischen Schichten mit Härtern des Epoxityps, des heterocyclischen Äthylenimins oder des Acryloyltyps gehärtet werden. Beispiele derartiger Härter sind z.B. in der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 263 602 oder in der Britischen Patentschrift 1 266 655 beschrieben. Weiterhin ist es auch möglich, die Schichten gemäß dem Verfahren der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 2 218 009 zu härten, um farbphotographische Materialien zu erzielen, die für eine Hochtemperaturverarbeitung geeignet sind.Furthermore, the photographic layers can be hardened with hardeners of the epoxy type, the heterocyclic ethylene imine or the acryloyl type. Examples of such hardeners are e.g. in German Offenlegungsschrift 2 263 602 or in British Patent 1 266 655. Furthermore, it is also possible to harden the layers in accordance with the process of German Offenlegungsschrift 2 218 009 in order to obtain color photographic materials which are suitable for high-temperature processing.
Es ist ferner möglich, die photographischen Schichten bzw. die farbphotographischen Mehrschichtenmaterialien mit Härtern der Diazin-, Triazin oder 1,2-Dihydrochinolin-Reihe zu härten, wie in den Britischen Patentschriften 1 193 290, 1 251 091, 1 306 544, 1 266 655, der Französischen Patentschrift 7 102 716 oder der Deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 23 32 317 beschrieben ist. Beispiele derartiger Härter sind Alkyl- oder Arylsulfonylgruppen-haltige Diazinderivate, Derivate von hydrierten Diazinen oder Triazinen, wie z.B. 1,3,5-Hexahydrotriazin, Fluor-substituierte Diazinderivate, wie z.B. Fluorpyrimidine, Ester von 2-substituierten 1,2-Dihydrochinolin- oder 1,2-Dihydroisochinolin-N-carbonsäuren. Brauchbar sind weiterhin Vinylsulfonsäurehärter, Carbodiimid- oder Carbamoylhärter, wie z.B. in den Deutschen Offenlegungsschriften 2 263 602, 2 225 230 und 1 808 685 der Französischen Patentschrift 1 491 807, der Deutschen Patentschrift 872 153 und der DDR-Patentschrift 7218 beschrieben. Weitere brauchbare Härter sind beispielsweise in der Britischen Patentschrift 1 268 550 beschrieben.It is also possible to harden the photographic layers or the color photographic multilayer materials with hardeners of the diazine, triazine or 1,2-dihydroquinoline series, as in British Patents 1 193 290, 1 251 091, 1 306 544, 1 266 655, French Patent 7 102 716 or German Offenlegungsschrift 23 32 317. Examples of such hardeners are alkyl or arylsulfonyl group-containing diazine derivatives, derivatives of hydrogenated diazines or triazines, e.g. 1,3,5-hexahydrotriazine, fluorine-substituted diazine derivatives, e.g. Fluoropyrimidines, esters of 2-substituted 1,2-dihydroquinoline or 1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-N-carboxylic acids. Vinyl sulfonic acid hardeners, carbodiimide or carbamoyl hardeners, such as e.g. in German Offenlegungsschriften 2,263,602, 2,225,230 and 1,808,685, French Patent 1,491,807, German Patent 872,153 and GDR Patent 7218. Other useful hardeners are described, for example, in British Patent 1,268,550.
Es werden die üblichen Schichtträger verwendet. Geeignet sind z.B. Folien aus Cellulosenitrat, Celluloseacetat, wie Cellulosetriacetat, Polystyrol, Polyester, wie Polyäthylenterephthalat, Polyolefine, wie Polyäthylen oder Polypropylen, eine barytierte oder eine Polyolefin-kaschierte, wie z.B. eine polyäthylenkaschierte Papierunterlage, sowie Glas und dergleichen.The usual substrates are used. Suitable are e.g. Films made from cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate, such as cellulose triacetate, polystyrene, polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefins, such as polyethylene or polypropylene, a barytized or a polyolefin-laminated, e.g. a polyethylene-coated paper base, as well as glass and the like.
Erfindungsgemäß wird photographisches Umkehrmaterial mit mindestens einer Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht bildmäßig belichtet und einer Schwarz-Weiß-Entwicklung sowie gegebenenfalls einem Stoppbad und einer Wässerung unterworfen. Anschließend wird das photographische Material in einem Bad mit der Lösung der erfindungsgemäß stabilisierten Verschleierungsmittel behandelt. Gegebenenfalls kann dieses Bad, welches die Verschleierungsmittel enthält, mit einem Bad, welches zwischen der Erst- und der Zweitentwicklung des photographischen Materials üblich ist, kombiniert werden. Das so behandelte photographische Material wird in einem Zweitentwickler unter Bildung eines positiven Umkehrbildes entwickelt. Zur Einstellung eines alkalischen pH-Wertes im Zweitentwickler können die üblichen Reagenzien verwendet werden. Der Zweitentwickler kann weiterhin die üblichen Bestandteile, wie z.B. Komplexbildner, enthalten.According to the invention, photographic reversal material with at least one silver halide emulsion layer exposed imagewise and subjected to a black-and-white development and optionally a stop bath and a washing. The photographic material is then treated in a bath with the solution of the fogging agents stabilized according to the invention. If necessary, this bath, which contains the fogging agents, can be combined with a bath which is customary between the first and second development of the photographic material. The photographic material thus treated is developed in a second developer to form a positive reverse image. The usual reagents can be used to adjust an alkaline pH in the second developer. The second developer can also contain the usual components such as complexing agents.
Gegebenenfalls kann das Photographische Material nach der Behandlung mit dem Bad, welches die Verschleierungsmittel enthält, aber vor der Zweitentwicklung, mit einem alkalischen Bad behandelt werden.If necessary, the photographic material can be treated with an alkaline bath after the bath containing the fogging agents, but before the second development.
Die Vorteilhaftigkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gegenüber den bisher angewandten Verschleierungsverfahren liegt in der Stabilisierung der Verschleierungsmittel, die insbesondere auch bei höheren pH-Werten zwischen pH 3 und pH 8 gewährleistet ist. Darüber hinaus kann durch einen solchen Zusatz überraschenderweise die bekannte starke Neigung zur Schimmelbildung wirksam unterdrückt werden.The advantage of the method according to the invention compared to the previously used concealment methods lies in the stabilization of the concealment agents, which is ensured in particular also at higher pH values between pH 3 and pH 8. In addition, surprisingly, such an addition can effectively suppress the known strong tendency to mold.
Typische Beispiele für die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensweise sind im folgenden angegeben, ohne daß aber die Erfindung hierauf beschränkt ist.Typical examples of the procedure according to the invention are given below, but the invention is not restricted to these.
Ein handelsübliches farbphotographisches Umkehrmehrschichtenmaterial mit einer rotempfindlichen, einer grünempfindlichen und einer blauempfindlichen Silberhalogenidemulsionsschicht mit einem Gehalt an Farbkupplern für die jeweiligen Teilbilder in den entsprechenden lichtempfindlichen Schichten wird in üblicher Weise bildmäßig belichtet. Anschließend wird das belichtete farbphotographische Material einer Erstentwicklung in einem Entwickler der folgenden Zusammensetzung unterzogen (Mengenangabe pro Liter):A commercially available reversible multilayer color photographic material with a red-sensitive, a green-sensitive and a blue-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer containing color couplers for the respective partial images in the corresponding light-sensitive layers is exposed imagewise in a conventional manner. The exposed color photographic material is then subjected to an initial development in a developer of the following composition (quantity per liter):
Nach einem Stoppbad wird das photographische Material gewässert und mit nachfolgend aufgeführten Vorbädern behandelt. Anschließend findet eine Color-Umkehr-Zweitentwicklung in einem Bad folgender Zusammensetzung statt (Mengenangabe pro Liter):After a stop bath, the photographic material is watered and treated with the preliminary baths listed below. Subsequently, a second color reversal development takes place in a bath of the following composition (quantity per liter):
Anschließend wird das so behandelte photographische Material einem Stoppbad und einer Wässerung unterzogen und in bekannter Weise gebleicht und fixiert und einer Abschlußwässerung unterzogen.Subsequently, the photographic material treated in this way is subjected to a stop bath and a wash and bleached and fixed in a known manner and subjected to a final wash.
Zur Herstellung der erwähnten Vorbäder wird der Zinn-II-Komplex der Äthylendiamintetraessigsäure entsprechend den Angaben der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift 1 814 834, Beispiel 7, Seite 23, hergestellt. Hierbei werden 3,0 g Zinn-II-Chloridhydrat und die dieser Menge entsprechenden Mengen an restlichen Reaktionspartnern eingesetzt. Die erhaltene Lösung des Zinn-II-Komplexes wird mit so viel Wasser versetzt, daß bei Teilung drei Proben (Probe A, B und C) ä 900 ml erhalten werden.To prepare the above-mentioned prebaths, the tin-II complex of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is prepared in accordance with the information in German Offenlegungsschrift 1 814 834, Example 7, page 23. 3.0 g of stannous chloride hydrate and the amounts of residual reactants corresponding to this amount are used. The resulting solution of the tin-II complex is mixed with so much water that three samples (samples A, B and C) of 900 ml are obtained upon division.
Probe A wird auf pH 5 eingestellt und mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.Sample A is adjusted to pH 5 and made up to 1000 ml with water.
Probe B wird mit 3,0 g Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazin, gelöst in 20 ml Methanol, versetzt. Der pH-Wert wird mit Natriumacetat auf 5 eingestellt und die Lösung mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.Sample B is mixed with 3.0 g of acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine, dissolved in 20 ml of methanol. The pH is adjusted to 5 with sodium acetate and the solution is made up to 1000 ml with water.
Probe C wird mit 2,7 g Hydroxylammoniumsulfat versetzt. Der pH-Wert wird mit Natriumacetat auf 5 eingestellt und die Lösung mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.Sample C is mixed with 2.7 g of hydroxylammonium sulfate. The pH is adjusted to 5 with sodium acetate and the solution is made up to 1000 ml with water.
Bei Verwendung von frisch angesetzten Verbädern A, B und C werden jeweils praktisch identische maximale Farbdichten erhalten. Werden die Vorbäder jedoch nach einer Woche Standzeit nach Ansatz eingesetzt, zeigt sich ein deutlicher Abfall der maximalen Farbdichten bei Verwendung des Vorbades A, während bei Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (unter Verwendung der Vorbäder B und C) weiterhin ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichten erhalten werden, was auf die Stabilisierung dieser Vorbäder zurückzuführen ist.
Das in Beispiel 1 beschriebene farbphotographische Umkehrmehrschichtmaterial wird wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben belichtet und verarbeitet, mit der Abänderung, daß anstelle der in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorbäder die im folgenden aufgeführten vorbäder verwendet werden.The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, with the modification that instead of the preliminary baths described in Example 1, the following preliminary baths are used.
Zur Herstellung dieser Vorbäder werden 12,5 g Natriumgluconat in 80 ml Wasser gelöst und mit 2,5 g Zinn-II-Chloridhydrat versetzt und auf 100 ml aufgefüllt. Jeweils 20 ml dieser Lösung werden zur Herstellung der Vorbäder D, E und F verwendet.To prepare these preliminary baths, 12.5 g of sodium gluconate are dissolved in 80 ml of water and mixed with 2.5 g of stannous chloride hydrate and made up to 100 ml. 20 ml of this solution are used to prepare the preliminary baths D, E and F.
20 ml der beschriebenen Lösung werden mit Wasser auf 1000 ml verdünnt und der pH-Wert wird auf 5 eingestellt.20 ml of the described solution are diluted to 1000 ml with water and the pH is adjusted to 5.
20 ml der beschriebenen Lösung werden mit Wasser auf 900 ml verdünnt, mit 5 g Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazin, welches in 30 ml Methanol gelöst ist, versetzt, mit NaOH auf pH 5 eingestellt und mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.20 ml of the described solution are diluted to 900 ml with water, 5 g of acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine, which is dissolved in 30 ml of methanol, are added, the pH is adjusted to 5 with NaOH and the solution is made up to 1000 ml with water.
Es wird wie unter Vorbad E beschrieben verfahren, jedoch werden anstelle von 5 g Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazin 4,0 g Hydroxylammoniumsulfat verwendet.The procedure is as described in prebath E, but 4.0 g of hydroxylammonium sulfate are used instead of 5 g of acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine.
Zum weiteren Vergleich wird der Zinn-II-Komplex der Gluconsäure wie in der britischen Patentschrift 1 467 007, Seite 2, Zeilen 50-65, beschrieben hergestellt. Die erhaltene Lösung wird derart mit Wasser verdünnt, daß ihr Gehalt an Zinn-II-Ionen pro Liter dem der Vorbäder. D, E und F entspricht. Als Vorbad eingesetzt wird das gleiche Volumen wie bei den Vorbädern D, E und F.For further comparison, the tin-II complex of gluconic acid is prepared as described in British Patent 1,467,007, page 2, lines 50-65. The solution obtained is diluted with water in such a way that its content of stannous ions per liter corresponds to that of the preliminary baths. Corresponds to D, E and F. The same volume as the pre-baths D, E and F is used as the pre-bath.
Während alle der Vorbäder D-G frisch angesetzt praktisch identische maximale Farbdichten ergeben, zeigt sich nach einer Woche Standzeit eine erhebliche Verschlechterung bei Verwendung der Vorbäder G und D, während bei Einsatz der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (unter Verwendung der Vorbäder E und F) weiterhin ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichten erhalten werden. Dieses ist aus Tabelle 2 ersichtlich.
Das in Beispiel 1 beschriebene farbphotographische Umkehrmehrschichtenmaterial wird wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben belichtet und weiterverarbeitet, nur werden anstelle der in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorbäder die im folgenden beschriebenen Vorbäder H, und K verwendet. Zur Herstellung dieser Vorbäder werden 6,5 g des Dinatriumsalzes der 1-Hydroxyäthan-1,1-diphosphonsäure in 50 ml Wasser gelöst und mit 5 g Zinn-II-Chloridhydrat versetzt. Dieser Ansatz wird mit Natronlauge versetzt, bis eine klare Lösung entstanden ist. Der pH-Wert dieser Lösung wird auf 5 eingestellt und die Lösung anschließend mit Wasser auf 100 ml aufgefüllt. Zur Herstellung der Vorbäder H, I und K werden jeweils 10 ml dieser Lösung verwendet.The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the prebaths H and K described below are used instead of the prebaths described in Example 1. To prepare these prebaths, 6.5 g of the disodium salt of 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid are dissolved in 50 ml of water and mixed with 5 g of stannous chloride hydrate. This solution is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution until a clear solution is obtained. The pH of this solution is adjusted to 5 and the solution is then made up to 100 ml with water. 10 ml of this solution are used to prepare the preliminary baths H, I and K.
10 ml der Lösung werden mit Wasser auf 800 ml verdünnt und durch Zugabe von Eisessig und Natriumacetat gepuffert. Der pH-Wert wird auf 5 eingestellt und die Lösung schließlich auf 1000 ml mit Wasser aufgefüllt.10 ml of the solution are diluted to 800 ml with water and buffered by adding glacial acetic acid and sodium acetate. The pH is adjusted to 5 and the solution is finally made up to 1000 ml with water.
5 g Acetylphenylhydrazin werden in 30 ml Methanol gelöst und zu 900 ml Wasser gegeben. Mit NaOH wird pH 5 eingestellt. Zu dieser Lösung werden 10 ml der oben angegebenen Lösung des Zinn-II-Komplexes zugegeben und abschließend wird mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.5 g of acetylphenyl hydrazine are dissolved in 30 ml of methanol and added to 900 ml of water. The pH is adjusted to 5 using NaOH. 10 ml of the above-mentioned solution of the tin-II complex are added to this solution and the mixture is then made up to 1000 ml with water.
Es wird wie unter Vorbad I beschrieben verfahren, jedoch werden anstelle des in Methanol gelösten Acetyl-2-phenylhydrazins 2,7 g Hydroxylammoniumsulfat eingesetzt.The procedure is as described in prebath I, but 2.7 g of hydroxylammonium sulfate are used instead of the acetyl-2-phenylhydrazine dissolved in methanol.
Die frisch angesetzten Vorbäder gewährleisten eine ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichte. Nach einer Standzeit von 2 Wochen jedoch zeigt sich ein deutlicher Abfall der Farbdichten, die mit dem Vorbad H erhalten werden, während bei Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Vorbad I und K) weiterhin ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichten erhalten werden, wie aus der nachfolgenden Tabelle 3 ersichtlich ist.
Das in Beispiel 1 beschriebene farbphotographische Umkehrmehrschichtenmaterial wird, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, belichtet und weiterverarbeitet, nur werden anstelle der in Beispiel 1 beschriebenen Vorbäder die im folgenden beschriebenen Vorbäder L und M verwendet. Zur Herstellung dieser Vorbäder werden 5 g Zinn-II-Chlorid in 25 ml einer 50 %igen Lösung von 1,2,4-Tricarboxy- butan-2-phosphonsäure gelöst. Diese Lösung wird mit Wasser auf 100 ml aufgefüllt. Zur Herstellung der Vorbäder werden jeweils 10 ml dieser Lösung verwendet.The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the pre-baths L and M described below are used instead of the prebaths described in Example 1. To prepare these preliminary baths, 5 g of stannous chloride are dissolved in 25 ml of a 50% solution of 1,2,4-tricarboxybutane-2-phosphonic acid. This solution is made up to 100 ml with water. 10 ml of this solution are used to prepare the preliminary baths.
10 ml der Lösung werden mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt und der pH-Wert wird mit NaOH auf pH 5 eingestellt.10 ml of the solution are made up to 1000 ml with water and the pH is adjusted to pH 5 with NaOH.
2,7 g Hydroxylammoniumsulfat werden in 950 ml Wasser gelöst und mit 10 ml der oben angegebenen Lösung versetzt. Der pH-Wert wird mit NaOH auf pH 5 gestellt und es wird mit Wasser auf 1000 ml aufgefüllt.2.7 g of hydroxylammonium sulfate are dissolved in 950 ml of water and mixed with 10 ml of the above solution. The pH is adjusted to pH 5 with NaOH and the volume is made up to 1000 ml with water.
Die frisch angesetzten Vorbäder L und M gewährleisten eine ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichte. Nach einer Standzeit von 8 Tagen jedoch zeigt sich ein deutlicher Abfall der Farbdichten die mit dem Vorbad L erhalten werden, während bei Einsatz des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens (Vorbad M) weiterhin ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichten erhalten werden, wie aus der nachfolgenden Tabelle 4 ersichtlich ist.
Das in Beispiel 1 beschriebene farbphotographische Umkehrmehrschichtenmaterial wird, wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, belichtet und weiterverarbeitet, nur werden anstelle der in Beispiele 1 beschriebenen Vorbäder die im folgenden beschriebenen Vorbäder N, 0, P und Q verwendet. Zur Herstellung dieser Vorbäder werden 36 g Trinatriumcitrat x 5,5Hz0 in 150 ml Wasser gelöst und nach Zufügen von 10 g Zinn-II-Chloriddihydrat gerührt bis eine klare Lösung entstanden ist. Der pH-Wert wird mit Zitronensäure bzw. NaOH auf 5,0 eingestellt, anschließend wird mit Wasser auf 200 ml aufgefüllt.The reversed multilayer color photographic material described in Example 1 is exposed and processed as described in Example 1, only the pre-baths N, 0, P and Q described below are used instead of the pre-baths described in Example 1. To prepare these preliminary baths, 36 g of trisodium citrate x 5.5H z 0 are dissolved in 150 ml of water and, after addition of 10 g of stannous chloride dihydrate, stirred until a clear solution is obtained. The pH is adjusted to 5.0 with citric acid or NaOH, then made up to 200 ml with water.
Zur Herstellung der Vorbäder werden 20 ml dieses Konzentrats mit Wasser auf 1000 ml verdünnt, gegebenenfalls unter Zusatz der in Tabelle 5 aufgeführten Substanzen in den angegebenen Mengen.To prepare the prebaths, 20 ml of this concentrate are diluted with water to 1000 ml, if appropriate with the addition of the substances listed in Table 5 in the stated amounts.
Während die frisch angesetzten Vorbäder N, 0, P und Q alle ausgezeichnete und praktisch gleiche Maximaldichten ergeben, zeigt sich nach einer Standzeit von 8 Tagen während der die Proben gerührt wurden, daß das Vergleichsbad N zu einem deutlichen Abfall der Maximaldichten führt, während bei Einsatz der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Bäder weiterhin ausgezeichnete maximale Farbdichten erhalten werden, wie aus der nachfolgenden Tabelle 5 ersichtlich ist.
Claims (9)
and/or
and in that the fogging metal complexes used are carboxylic acid and/or phosphonic acid complexes of tin-I I-ions.
and/or
and in that the fogging metal complexes used are carboxylic acid and/or phosphonic acid complexes of tin-II-ions.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2744356 | 1977-10-01 | ||
| DE19772744356 DE2744356A1 (en) | 1977-10-01 | 1977-10-01 | PHOTOGRAPHIC REVERSAL WITHOUT A SECOND EXPOSURE |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0001415A1 EP0001415A1 (en) | 1979-04-18 |
| EP0001415B1 true EP0001415B1 (en) | 1981-06-17 |
Family
ID=6020488
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP78100932A Expired EP0001415B1 (en) | 1977-10-01 | 1978-09-19 | Photographic inversion process with chemical fogging, chemical fogging baths therefor, and their use in the production of photographic images |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4299913A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0001415B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5458439A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1146791A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE2744356A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4443243A (en) * | 1981-07-16 | 1984-04-17 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | N-Phenylsulfonyl-N-triazinylureas |
| US5354646A (en) * | 1986-03-26 | 1994-10-11 | Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd. | Method capable of rapidly processing a silver halide color photographic light-sensitive material |
| US4851325A (en) * | 1986-07-12 | 1989-07-25 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Inc. | Process for producing silver halide color photographic materials comprising a heterocyclic developing agent |
| JPH01124851A (en) * | 1987-11-10 | 1989-05-17 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method for development processing of silver halide photographic sensitive material |
| EP0370348A1 (en) * | 1988-11-24 | 1990-05-30 | Agfa-Gevaert AG | Photographic-reversal method |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA258966A (en) * | 1924-05-12 | 1926-03-16 | Schestakoff Pierre | Photographic developer |
| FR905040A (en) * | 1943-06-15 | 1945-11-22 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Method for increasing the stability of oxidizable photographic processing baths |
| BE613239A (en) * | 1961-02-01 | |||
| US3471295A (en) * | 1964-06-20 | 1969-10-07 | Beate Elisabeth Loffler | Production of colored direct-positive images |
| GB1209050A (en) * | 1967-12-27 | 1970-10-14 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | Photographic silver halide processing liquids |
| JPS4738816Y1 (en) * | 1968-01-13 | 1972-11-24 | ||
| BE758341A (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1971-05-03 | Agfa Gevaert Nv | IMPROVED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIAL |
| IS1916A7 (en) * | 1970-03-13 | 1970-04-01 | Johannesson Aevar | Inhalation imaging material in silver halide membrane and method and apparatus for such imaging |
| US3617282A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1971-11-02 | Eastman Kodak Co | Nucleating agents for photographic reversal processes |
| DE2141554A1 (en) * | 1971-08-19 | 1973-02-22 | Aevar Johannesson | Photographic fogging liquid - contng stannous complex salt of lactic or tartaric acid for stability |
| GB1467007A (en) * | 1974-04-18 | 1977-03-16 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Photographic processing method |
| JPS5151941A (en) * | 1974-10-31 | 1976-05-07 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | HANTENKARAAGENZOSHORIHOHO |
| US4055422A (en) * | 1975-07-28 | 1977-10-25 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Additive for inhibitor removing bath |
| JPS5227638A (en) * | 1975-08-27 | 1977-03-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method for stabilization of color developer |
| JPS5319828A (en) * | 1976-08-06 | 1978-02-23 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Reversal processing method for color photography |
-
1977
- 1977-10-01 DE DE19772744356 patent/DE2744356A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1978
- 1978-09-19 EP EP78100932A patent/EP0001415B1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-19 DE DE7878100932T patent/DE2860782D1/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-29 CA CA000312402A patent/CA1146791A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-09-30 JP JP11992278A patent/JPS5458439A/en active Pending
-
1979
- 1979-10-22 US US06/087,050 patent/US4299913A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4299913A (en) | 1981-11-10 |
| JPS5458439A (en) | 1979-05-11 |
| EP0001415A1 (en) | 1979-04-18 |
| CA1146791A (en) | 1983-05-24 |
| DE2744356A1 (en) | 1979-04-05 |
| DE2860782D1 (en) | 1981-09-24 |
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