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EP0000529A1 - Kopplungseinrichtung für eine Glasfaserleitung - Google Patents

Kopplungseinrichtung für eine Glasfaserleitung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000529A1
EP0000529A1 EP78100414A EP78100414A EP0000529A1 EP 0000529 A1 EP0000529 A1 EP 0000529A1 EP 78100414 A EP78100414 A EP 78100414A EP 78100414 A EP78100414 A EP 78100414A EP 0000529 A1 EP0000529 A1 EP 0000529A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
axis
light
optical
adapter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP78100414A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0000529B1 (de
Inventor
Luc Jeunhomme
Jean-Paul Pocholle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent SAS
Original Assignee
Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA filed Critical Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
Publication of EP0000529A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000529A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0000529B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000529B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4256—Details of housings
    • G02B6/4257—Details of housings having a supporting carrier or a mounting substrate or a mounting plate
    • G02B6/4259—Details of housings having a supporting carrier or a mounting substrate or a mounting plate of the transparent type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4286—Optical modules with optical power monitoring
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4287—Optical modules with tapping or launching means through the surface of the waveguide
    • G02B6/4289—Optical modules with tapping or launching means through the surface of the waveguide by inducing bending, microbending or macrobending, to the light guide

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coupling device for optical fiber.
  • an optical fiber consists of a core with an optical index N surrounded by a sheath with an index a smaller than N and makes it possible to guide a light in the core which can, for example, be modulated for telecommunication purposes.
  • a coupling device allowing, without interrupting the optical fiber, either to introduce light into the fiber, or to derive a fraction of the light which it guides in order to be able, for example, to disperse, in the vicinity of the point of diversion, information that the fiber carries further.
  • no truly effective device of this kind has been proposed. Such a device must in particular apply to multimode fibers. These fibers are those in the heart of which light can propagate in several distinct modes.
  • the diameter d of the core verifies the relation dF root of (N 2 - n 2 ) greater than 0.7656.c, f being the frequency of the light used and c the speed of propagation of light in a vacuum.
  • the change in propagation constant is obtained by inducing alternating curvatures in the fiber by clamping against a parallel network engraved in a transparent block.
  • We know indeed (D. Marcuse: Coupled Mode Theory for Round Optical Fibers Bell. Syst. Tech. J. 52, p 817 - 1973) that when the position of the axis of the fiber, its curvature, the index or the diameter of the core fluctuate along the axis of propagation there are energy exchange between different modes corresponding to different values of the propagation constant K.
  • the upper KM and lower Km limits of the propagation constant K of the modes likely to subsist in the core are given by the relations: c being the speed of light in a vacuum and f the frequency of light used.
  • an "index adapter” constituted by a transparent medium with an optical index at least substantially equal to that of the sheath and in optical contact with the external surface of the latter.
  • the index of the adapter must not drop below 0.8 times that of the sheath.
  • This adapter is constituted, in the Miller patent cited above, by the coupling disk (coupling disk) 18.
  • the light having penetrated into the adapter is transmitted by the latter to a device for use, such as a photodetector diode .
  • the index adapter consists of a thin plate of transparent material, one edge of which carries an undulation constituting a network ("grating") and is applied to the fiber so as to ensure periodic deformation of that -this.
  • the optical contact between this edge and the sheath of the fiber allows light to pass through this thin plate, in which it is directed towards a curved edge which reflects it and forms it on a detector placed in contact with another edge.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce a coupling device for optical fiber making it possible to obtain good coupling efficiency, in particular for coupling with a light emitting diode emitting light in a large solid angle, without requiring cutting the optical fiber.
  • a coupling device for optical fiber characterized in that it comprises - coupling means between the interior and exterior of the fiber to ensure coupling between on the one hand the light propagating in the fiber and on the other hand a set of light rays propagating outside the fiber by surrounding it, the rays of this set passing in the vicinity of the axis of the fiber over the entire length of a segment of this axis by making all the same predetermined angle. with this axis; - and an optical surface external to the fiber and having a shape in a point of revolution around this axis, to ensure coupling between this set of -ayons and a light beam parallel to this axis or converging at a point aligned on this axis,
  • Figure 1 shows a device according to the invention seen in section through a plane passing through its axis, the coupling means between the inside and the outside of the fiber not being shown.
  • FIG. 2 shows a view of the device of Figure 1 in section through a plane perpendicular to its axis.
  • FIG. 3 represents a sectional view of a device for injecting light into an optical fiber, the section plane passing through the axis of this device.
  • Figure 4 shows a view of the device of Figure 3 in section through a plane perpendicular to its axis.
  • FIG. 5 represents, in strong lines, a view of a coupling device according to the invention in section through a plane passing through its axis.
  • fine lines represent. various lines and a hyperbola that can be traced in the section plane to allow a better understanding of the shape of the optical surface of the device.
  • FIG. 6 represents a view of a light extraction device according to the invention, with the use of a reflecting optical surface, this device being cut by a plane passing through its axis.
  • FIG. 7 represents a view of a device for injecting and extracting light according to the invention, in section through a plane passing through its axis.
  • this device has an axis 2, shown in phantom, this axis also being that of a portion of straight optical fiber and / or the middle axis of a portion of wavy fiber;
  • these coupling means can advantageously include means for coupling modes capable of creating alternating curvatures in a portion of the fiber and thus give this portion an undulating shape oscillating around a mean axis. This makes it possible to couple modes with high propagation constants propagating in the core with modes with low propagation constants propagating in the sheath.
  • These mode coupling means are associated with an index adapter 3 (Fig. 1 and 2) consisting of a transparent medium whose index is not significantly lower than that of the sheath. This adapter makes it possible to couple the modes propagating in the sheath with light propagating in this transparent medium and constituting said set of rays.
  • Said optical surface is then constituted by a surface 5 of this index adapter.
  • the optical fiber is represented by a single line along the axis 2.
  • the index adapter has the shape of a solid cylinder, of revolution around the axis 2 and therefore wraps around the fiber .
  • This solid cylinder ends at one end with a cone of revolution around the same axis and forming a point towards the outside. It is the surface of this cone which constitutes said optical surface.
  • the mode coupling means which have just been indicated are not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. They are analogous to the arrangements described in the previously mentioned Miller patent. However, it has been found, according to the present invention, that it is advantageous to use a property, little exploited previously, of the light which propagates in the index adapter either by leaving the sheath, or, conversely, by being able to enter it to form the previously mentioned modes.
  • This property is that these light rays all form substantially the same angle with the axis of the fiber. They therefore constitute a set of spokes of a particular type, comprising for example the spokes 4,6 8 and 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2. This set is different from a parallel beam because the rays are located in various planes passing through the axis. This set is on the other hand different from a beam converging on the axis because it comprises rays passing through various points of the axis.
  • the rays of this set do not pass exactly through the axis, but only in the vicinity of it. There is therefore a difference between the real rays and those of a set of rays exactly passing through the axis. This difference is less than the radius of the fiber and does not matter for the use of light when considering what is happening at a distance from the fiber significantly greater than its diameter.
  • the previously mentioned optical surface preferably extends to a distance from the fiber greater than ten times its diameter, so that the rays arriving through this surface are, at least in majority, deflected by this surface. practically in the same way as if their extension exactly met axis 2.
  • the angle (a) (fig. 1) that the rays of this set make with the axis 2 is not perfectly predetermined. It may for example undergo a variation of 1.5 'in. Plus or minus. This variation is somewhat troublesome for the implementation of the invention.
  • the lower the index of the material constituting the adapter the higher it is. This is why, this index is preferably chosen not only at least equal to that of the fiber cladding, which is roughly necessary to allow coupling. between the light as propagating in the adapter and that of the modes propagating in the sheath, but still at least equal to the index of the heart of the fiber, the latter index always being significantly higher than that of the sheath.
  • the choice of a high index for the adapter also has the advantage that the angle (a) is increased, which avoids excessive length of the adapter. The value of this angle in radians is approximately given by the formula
  • the surface shown in FIG. 1 is a diopter, that is to say that it separates two media of different indices, that of the adapter (n) and that of the air (1), and that it is crossed by light.
  • a diopter that is to say that it separates two media of different indices, that of the adapter (n) and that of the air (1), and that it is crossed by light.
  • the mode coupling means previously mentioned are shown in FIGS. 3 and following, in which optical fiber is represented with a strongly gross dianeter and with exaggerated deformations, of naniere to facilitate understanding of the drawing. These means are notably studied in a conference by L. Jeun Subscribe and JP Poeholle "T Coupler for multimode optical fiber", (North Atlantio Treaty Organization, Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development, AGARD, 7 rue Ancelle 92200 NEUILLY SUR SEINE, France) .
  • the optical action of these means can be defined by two quantities: the pitch P of the regular suction of alternating curvatures, and the amplitude of the deformation. This amplitude is typically between 10 and 100 microns.
  • the length of the corrugated portion of the latter can be between 10 and 50 mm approximately, and must be followed by a long portion d '' at least 10mm in optical contact with the adapter.
  • this wavy portion must be in optical contact with the index adapter, and its length must in principle be sufficient for any ray coming from said optical surface arrives on this wavy portion, which must extend downstream beyond the illuminated portion.
  • mode coupling means indicated above seem to be most advantageous, other means could be used, such as, for example, a regular succession of thinning and thickening of the fiber core.
  • this adapter could equally well be made of a hard, moldable transparent material with a high index.
  • the adapter of index 3 consists of two parts 14 and 16 each having in section the shape of a semicircle so as to constitute the complete circle by bringing these two parts together with the help of a pressure means such than a screw 12 (Fig. 3).
  • the portion of the fiber 18 clamped between these two parts is thus given a wavy shape.
  • the combination of the two successions of projections and hollows is often called a "network".
  • the optical contact between the fiber and the adapter is improved by the use of an appropriate transparent oil, of intermediate index between that of the sheath and that of the adapter.
  • the light injection device shown in Figures 3 and 4 has an adapter having a diameter of 26mm, and a length on the axis of 75mm, including the conical part. This length is entirely occupied by the network.
  • a converging step lens 20 (Fresnel lens) is arranged coaxially with the adapter on the side of the cone. It has a diameter of 25.4mm and a focal length of 10mm. At the focal point of this lens beyond this is disposed the emitting surface of a light-emitting diode 22 of the usual type whose radiation diagram is close to Lambert's law.
  • the light extraction device shown in FIG. 6 includes an index adapter 30 similar to the previous one. Its diameter is 30mm. It comprises a network extending from its rear face over a length of 44mm, and extending forwards by a long zone this 16mm in which the fiber 18 does not undergo deformation, the optical contact being preserved.
  • This adapter ends forwards by a conical convex optical surface 32 with a half angle at the top equal to
  • This optical surface is metallized so that the light which reaches it from the fiber is reflected in the adapter by forming a beam parallel to the axis 2 which reaches the front face 34.
  • This front face constitutes a diopter converging of a type well known to opticians, and which makes it possible to converge the beam leaving the adapter towards a receiving diode 36.
  • This converging diopter is eccentric relative to the axis 2, so as to allow the diode to be placed 36 outside the axis 2. It is thus possible not only not to cut the fiber 18, but also not to bend it outside the adapter.
  • a single index adapter comprising a single network, and, provided at each of its front ends and rear of a dioptric optical surface, an optical input surface 42 and an optical output surface 44.
  • These optical surfaces can be conical. They must then each be associated with a converging lens, respectively 46 and 48, if it is desired to couple with elements of small dimensions, respectively a light-emitting diode 50 and a receiving diode 52.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
EP78100414A 1977-07-25 1978-07-18 Kopplungseinrichtung für eine Glasfaserleitung Expired EP0000529B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7722716A FR2399042A1 (fr) 1977-07-25 1977-07-25 Dispositif de couplage pour fibre optique
FR7722716 1977-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000529A1 true EP0000529A1 (de) 1979-02-07
EP0000529B1 EP0000529B1 (de) 1981-06-10

Family

ID=9193737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100414A Expired EP0000529B1 (de) 1977-07-25 1978-07-18 Kopplungseinrichtung für eine Glasfaserleitung

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4253727A (de)
EP (1) EP0000529B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5424045A (de)
CA (1) CA1111690A (de)
DE (1) DE2860751D1 (de)
DK (1) DK144926C (de)
FR (1) FR2399042A1 (de)
IE (1) IE47140B1 (de)
IT (1) IT1097143B (de)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4294513A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-10-13 Hydroacoustics Inc. Optical sensor system
FR2513390A1 (en) * 1981-09-23 1983-03-25 Bertin & Cie
GB2142157A (en) * 1983-06-22 1985-01-09 Alfred R Perlin Fiber optic light coupling assemblies
GB2158607A (en) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-13 Northern Telecom Ltd Fiber optic coupler
GB2162657A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-05 Bicc Plc Optical fibre splicing
GB2162962A (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-02-12 Bicc Plc Optical fibre splicing
FR2574565A1 (fr) * 1984-12-12 1986-06-13 Comp Generale Electricite Dispositif d'injection de lumiere dans une fibre optique gainee, notamment pour le controle local d'un raccordement de deux fibres
EP0171246A3 (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-12-17 Bicc Public Limited Company Optical fibre splicing
GB2179468A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-03-04 Pirelli General Plc Optical coupler for an optical fibre
EP0170511A3 (en) * 1984-07-30 1988-01-13 Bicc Public Limited Company Optical fibre splicing
EP0230938A3 (en) * 1986-01-24 1988-08-03 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Optical fiber signal test clip

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US4482203A (en) * 1981-03-19 1984-11-13 Gould Inc. Adjustable coupling device for a fiber-optic power divider
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US4463254A (en) * 1981-08-27 1984-07-31 Trw Inc. Microbending of optical fibers for remote force measurement
US4459477A (en) * 1981-08-27 1984-07-10 Trw Inc. Microbending of optical fibers for remote force measurement
US4477725A (en) * 1981-08-27 1984-10-16 Trw Inc. Microbending of optical fibers for remote force measurement
US4421979A (en) * 1981-08-27 1983-12-20 Trw Inc. Microbending of optical fibers for remote force measurement
DE3212619A1 (de) * 1982-04-05 1983-10-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines eine anordnung von lichtwellenleitern aufweisenden koerpers
US4802723A (en) * 1982-09-09 1989-02-07 American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories Optical fiber tap
JPH0617925B2 (ja) * 1982-10-27 1994-03-09 レイケム・コーポレイション 光ファイバータップ
US4586783A (en) * 1983-05-23 1986-05-06 Raychem Corporation Signal coupler for buffered optical fibers
US4557550A (en) * 1982-10-27 1985-12-10 Raychem Corporation Optical fiber taps
US4822125A (en) * 1982-10-27 1989-04-18 Raychem Corp. Optical fiber tap
US4768851A (en) * 1983-11-30 1988-09-06 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Fiber optic modal coupler, interferometer and method of coupling spatial modes using same
US4801189A (en) * 1983-11-30 1989-01-31 The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University Birefringent fiber narrowband polarization coupler and method of coupling using same
GB2155621B (en) * 1984-03-06 1988-01-06 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Optical fibre sensors
US4618211A (en) * 1984-03-12 1986-10-21 At&T Bell Laboratories Optical fiber tap with activatable chemical species
US4647146A (en) * 1984-09-17 1987-03-03 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Interconnection of optical fiber cables
JPS6187438A (ja) * 1984-10-04 1986-05-02 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 光信号トロリ−装置
US4714314A (en) * 1985-02-06 1987-12-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Mode dependent, optical time delay system for electrical signals
US4768854A (en) * 1985-07-11 1988-09-06 Raychem Corp. Optical fiber distribution network including nondestructive taps and method using same
US4725124A (en) * 1985-09-26 1988-02-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Fiber optic microbend phase shifter and modulator
US4705347A (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-11-10 Raychem Corp. Optical fiber coupler
US4749248A (en) * 1985-11-06 1988-06-07 American Telephone And Telegraph Company At&T Bell Laboratories Device for tapping radiation from, or injecting radiation into, single made optical fiber, and communication system comprising same
JPS62212608A (ja) * 1986-03-14 1987-09-18 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd 光フアイバ−用コリメ−タ−素子
US4741585A (en) * 1987-02-13 1988-05-03 Raychem Corporation Optical fiber tap utilizing reflector
US4824199A (en) * 1987-02-13 1989-04-25 Raychem Corp. Optical fiber tap utilizing reflector
US4912523A (en) * 1987-04-10 1990-03-27 At&T Bell Laboratories Optical fiber communication system comprising mode-stripping means
US4815805A (en) * 1987-11-12 1989-03-28 Raychem Corp. Dynamic range reduction using mode filter
GB8803159D0 (en) * 1988-02-11 1988-03-09 Stc Plc Non-intrusive tap for optical fibre waveguides
DE69023799T2 (de) * 1989-04-19 1996-07-11 Bestquint Ltd Lichtleiter-Messfühler.
CA1312757C (en) * 1989-09-27 1993-01-19 Shawn Joseph Morrison Optical fiber coupling device and method for its use
US5253935A (en) * 1990-05-04 1993-10-19 Raychem Corporation Couples for terminating optical fiber ends
US5138676A (en) * 1990-06-15 1992-08-11 Aster Corporation Miniature fiberoptic bend device and method
US5408554A (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-04-18 Porta System Corporation Fiber optic coupling
DE19746171C2 (de) * 1997-10-18 2001-05-17 Deutsche Telekom Ag Vorrichtung zum Auskoppeln von Signalen aus einem Lichtwellenleiter
CN1305629A (zh) 1998-06-05 2001-07-25 赫泽尔·拉奥 用于盘驱动器的光切换装置
US6760506B2 (en) 1999-06-04 2004-07-06 Herzel Laor Optical switch and servo mechanism
US6542689B1 (en) * 1999-11-15 2003-04-01 Fitel Usa Corp. Attenuator for buffered optical fibers
US7558451B2 (en) * 2007-09-17 2009-07-07 Inventec Multimedia & Telecom (Tianjin) Co., Ltd. Optical fiber line arranging guide groove capable of sensing optical signals
US8009945B2 (en) * 2008-12-22 2011-08-30 Ams Research Corporation Beam area adjustment through fiber bending
CN101881633B (zh) * 2010-04-06 2012-11-28 西安金和光学科技有限公司 基于光纤弯曲损耗的弹簧型高精度光纤传感器
CA3000169A1 (en) * 2018-04-03 2019-10-03 Oz Optics Ltd. Glass ferrule coupling of in-line fiber taps and fiber cladding waveguides
FI130454B (en) 2019-05-24 2023-09-06 Exfo Oy Separation of data traffic from optical communication fiber
CN222259650U (zh) * 2024-01-02 2024-12-27 通快（中国）有限公司 光纤夹具和光纤激光器

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US4021099A (en) * 1976-01-12 1977-05-03 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Optical couplers for fiber optic communication links
FR2334125A1 (fr) * 1975-12-05 1977-07-01 Comp Generale Electricite Dispositif de derivation pour fibre optique multimode

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FR2295436A1 (fr) * 1974-12-16 1976-07-16 Radiotechnique Compelec Dispositif coupleur directif pour fibres optiques multimodes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2334125A1 (fr) * 1975-12-05 1977-07-01 Comp Generale Electricite Dispositif de derivation pour fibre optique multimode
US4021099A (en) * 1976-01-12 1977-05-03 Canadian Patents And Development Limited Optical couplers for fiber optic communication links

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4294513A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-10-13 Hydroacoustics Inc. Optical sensor system
FR2513390A1 (en) * 1981-09-23 1983-03-25 Bertin & Cie
GB2142157A (en) * 1983-06-22 1985-01-09 Alfred R Perlin Fiber optic light coupling assemblies
US4676584A (en) * 1983-06-22 1987-06-30 Metatech Corporation Fiber optic light coupling assemblies
GB2158607A (en) * 1984-05-07 1985-11-13 Northern Telecom Ltd Fiber optic coupler
GB2162657A (en) * 1984-07-30 1986-02-05 Bicc Plc Optical fibre splicing
EP0170511A3 (en) * 1984-07-30 1988-01-13 Bicc Public Limited Company Optical fibre splicing
GB2162962A (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-02-12 Bicc Plc Optical fibre splicing
EP0171246A3 (en) * 1984-08-08 1986-12-17 Bicc Public Limited Company Optical fibre splicing
FR2574565A1 (fr) * 1984-12-12 1986-06-13 Comp Generale Electricite Dispositif d'injection de lumiere dans une fibre optique gainee, notamment pour le controle local d'un raccordement de deux fibres
GB2179468A (en) * 1985-08-20 1987-03-04 Pirelli General Plc Optical coupler for an optical fibre
EP0230938A3 (en) * 1986-01-24 1988-08-03 American Telephone And Telegraph Company Optical fiber signal test clip

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2399042B1 (de) 1982-01-15
DE2860751D1 (en) 1981-09-17
US4253727A (en) 1981-03-03
DK329178A (da) 1979-01-26
EP0000529B1 (de) 1981-06-10
FR2399042A1 (fr) 1979-02-23
JPS5424045A (en) 1979-02-23
IE781481L (en) 1979-01-25
DK144926B (da) 1982-07-05
DK144926C (da) 1982-11-29
IT1097143B (it) 1985-08-26
CA1111690A (fr) 1981-11-03
IE47140B1 (en) 1983-12-28
IT7825688A0 (it) 1978-07-14

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