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EP0098979B1 - Temperature controlling device in a cooling circuit of an internal-combustion engine, especially for an automotive engine - Google Patents

Temperature controlling device in a cooling circuit of an internal-combustion engine, especially for an automotive engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0098979B1
EP0098979B1 EP83105752A EP83105752A EP0098979B1 EP 0098979 B1 EP0098979 B1 EP 0098979B1 EP 83105752 A EP83105752 A EP 83105752A EP 83105752 A EP83105752 A EP 83105752A EP 0098979 B1 EP0098979 B1 EP 0098979B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermostatic
valve
working
working piston
abutment
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105752A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0098979A1 (en
Inventor
Roland Saur
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Behr Thomson Dehnstoffregler GmbH and Co
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Behr Thomson Dehnstoffregler GmbH and Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermostatic valve for regulating the temperature of the coolant of an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle engine, which regulates the coolant flow from the internal combustion engine through a short circuit (by-pass) and / or through a heat exchanger back to the internal combustion engine, with a housing for expansion material the valve disk carries and when heated by extending a piston supported by an abutment adjustable to different distances from the housing of the thermostatic working element causes the stroke of the valve plate, the instantaneous support point of the working piston in the abutment being determined by an actuator from external parameters.
  • thermostatic valve in which the thermostatic valve is set so that it releases the connection to the heat exchanger from a certain temperature below the operating temperature. This ensures that the internal combustion engine is heated to the operating temperature in the shortest possible time.
  • a thermostatic valve of the type mentioned at the outset is also known (GB-A-2 086 536), in which an abutment in the form of a pivotably mounted lever is associated with the working piston of the thermostatic working element, with which the working piston is positively connected.
  • the lever is also articulated to a pressure cell serving as an actuator, which is connected to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine and is acted upon by the intake manifold vacuum. This is intended to adapt the valve position of the thermostatic valve to the increased cooling requirement at high load.
  • the pressure socket positively connected to the working piston of the thermostatic working element pulls the working piston out of the thermostatic working element under certain operating conditions, so that a cavity is created between the end of the working piston and a membrane surrounding it. When this cavity is created, a negative pressure inevitably arises, so that coolant is sucked in between the membrane and the working piston. If the pressure can then push the working piston back into the thermostatic working valve, the cooling liquid located in the cavity must first be expelled, which, if it is achieved completely, is only possible with a time delay, so that the valve characteristic is falsified.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a thermostatic valve of the type mentioned with simple and reliable means so that a change in the valve characteristics can be determined by means of an actuator of external parameters, without the risk of unwanted falsification of this valve characteristic.
  • a support body serves as an abutment for the working piston, which has a supporting surface for the free end of the working piston, on which the working piston is supported only up to the closed position of the valve plate.
  • a separation point is provided between the working piston and the actuator in the region of the support body, so that the actuator and the support body can move independently of the working piston, particularly when moving back in the closing direction of the valve plate. This ensures that the working piston is not pulled out of the thermostatic working element under any of the possible operating conditions, so that changes within the thermostatic working element are prevented, which could cause the control characteristic to be falsified.
  • An effective control is thus possible which, in addition to the existing outside temperature, can also use values other than reference variables for the control, for example the exhaust gas temperature, the speed and / or the torque of the internal combustion engine, the negative pressure in the intake manifold, the pressure difference at a vacuum socket, the Oil temperature or the like. Using these values, it is possible to regulate the temperature of the internal combustion engine within certain limits in order to optimize the operation of the internal combustion engine.
  • an inlet 17 for the coolant of an internal combustion engine is provided, which can be connected via a thermostatic valve to a direct return 18 and / or to a connecting piece 15 leading to a heat exchanger (not shown).
  • a line leads from the heat exchanger back to the internal combustion engine in a manner also not shown.
  • the thermostatic valve has a thermostatic working element, which has a working piston 2 and a housing 3.
  • An expansion material is accommodated in the housing 3, which expands when heated and thereby drives the working piston 2 out of the housing 3. When cooling, the expansion material reduces its volume so that the working piston 2 can be pressed back into the housing 3.
  • a valve plate 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 3 of the thermostatic working element, for example by pressing or flanging or the like, which is assigned with a conical edge to a right-angled valve seat 16 which is formed by the connecting piece 15.
  • the valve formed from the valve plate 4 and the valve seat 16 closes or opens the connection between the inlet 17 and the connection stub 15 leading to the heat exchanger.
  • the valve plate 4 is held in the closed position shown with a conical compression spring 19.
  • a further valve plate 20 is arranged on the housing 3 by means of a sliding guide, which is assigned to the direct return 18, which has a valve seat 21 assigned to the valve plate 20.
  • the valve plate 20 is loaded with a compression spring 22 which is supported on the housing 3 in the region of the valve plate 4.
  • the inlet 17 is located between the two valve plates 4 and 20.
  • the working piston 2 of the thermostatic working element is supported on an abutment 1.
  • the thermostatic valve When the internal combustion engine is started and the coolant is circulated, the thermostatic valve is in the position shown in FIG. H. the connection from the inlet to the connecting piece 15 is closed and the connection to the direct return 18 is open.
  • the coolant flows around the housing 3 of the thermostatic working element.
  • the working piston 2 When a temperature determined by the design of the expansion material of the thermostatic working element is reached, the working piston 2 is extended over a specific working range according to a specific characteristic which is dependent on the expansion material.
  • the working piston 2, which is supported on the abutment 1 then moves the housing 3 with the valve disks 4 and 20, so that initially both valves 4, 16 and 20, 21 are open over a certain temperature range, while the valve 20 then increases as the temperature increases further , 21 is closed and only the valve 4, 16 is open.
  • the abutment 1 is independent of and provided relative to the thermostatic working element adjustable support body 5 which is displaceable transversely to the axis of the working piston 2 and which has a supporting surface 13 inclined to the axis of the working piston 2.
  • the direction of displacement of the support body 5 and the inclination of the support surface 13 are selected relative to the axis of the working piston 2 so that the adjustment movement of the support body is converted into a change in the area X with a reduction, if necessary a translation can also be set.
  • the support point 13 of the support surface 13, which is the most distant from the housing 3 and the valve 4, is in use, so that opening of the valve 4, 16 (and closing of the valve 20, 21) takes place only at an elevated level Temperature of the coolant takes place, which is desirable, for example, at low outside temperatures.
  • the working piston 2 must first travel an empty travel of size X before it is actually supported on the support surface 13 and can move it and the valve disks 4 and 20 by further extending out of the housing 3.
  • the free travel of the working piston 2 can be reduced, so that the working range of the thermostatic working element and thus the thermostatic valve is thus shifted to a lower temperature level, as is the case, for example, with high temperatures Outside temperatures is desired.
  • the working piston 2 With the same heating of the thermostatic working element, the working piston 2 then reaches the stop surface 13 earlier, so that the opening movement of the valve 4, 16 (and the closing movement of the valve 20, 21) begins earlier.
  • support points lying between the two end points of the inclined support surface 13 can also be selected, so that the working range of the thermostatic valve can be varied continuously within the selected limits.
  • the displacement of the support body 5 of the abutment 1 takes place in the illustrated from leadership form by an actuator 9 which is designed as a thermostatic working element.
  • an actuator 9 which is designed as a thermostatic working element.
  • a working piston 23 is moved out of the thermostatic working element 9. which is correspondingly moved back on cooling, for which purpose a return spring 25 is provided which loads the support body 5, which is a piston which is aligned coaxially with the working piston 23 and which is in a guide of a.
  • Housing 26 slides, which is integrally formed with the connecting piece 15.
  • the thermostatic working element 9 is screwed into this housing 26 with a threaded shoulder 27.
  • the thermostatic working element 9 is provided in a known manner with an electrical heating element, for example a PTC resistor, so that the linear movement of the working piston and thus the setting of the working range of the thermostatic valve can be controlled electrically.
  • the current supply to the thermostatic working element is effected by a signal converter 28, which can be activated on the basis of a wide variety of reference variables.
  • a signal converter 28 which can be activated on the basis of a wide variety of reference variables.
  • the return spring 25 In order to be able to change the working range of the thermostatic valve, even if the working piston 2 of the thermostatic working element of the thermostatic valve is already fully or partially extended, the return spring 25 must be designed so that it overcomes the force of the spring 19 and that Valve 4, 16 can be opened by moving the housing 3 with the valve plate 4.
  • the connecting piece 15 with the thermostatic valve and the adjustable abutment 1 is formed as a structural unit which can be assembled as a whole and, if necessary, exchanged.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 1 can also be modified such that the device works without the supply of auxiliary energy, i. that is, the thermostatic working element 9 performs an adjustment of the support body 5, depending on the ambient temperature.
  • the thermostatic working element 9 can be designed by the choice of the expansion material contained in it so that at low ambient temperatures up to, for example, 15 ° C., the valve 4, 16 opens when the coolant temperature is higher than at ambient temperatures of more than 15 ° C. . In this.
  • the thermostatic working element 9 and the return spring 25 would have to be interchanged with one another, so that when the working piston 23 of the working element is retracted, the ambient temperature of the supporting surface 13 of the supporting surface 13 that is used is further from the housing 3 and the valve 4 and also the valve seat 16 is removed than when the working piston 23 of the working element 9 is extended (higher ambient temperature).
  • FIG. 2 to 5 show further exemplary embodiments of actuators with which the working range of a thermostatic valve can be shifted according to FIG. 1 by providing an externally adjustable abutment for the working piston 3 of the thermostatic working element.
  • Linear actuators or rotating actuators can be provided.
  • the exemplary embodiments shown represent only a section of the most varied possibilities, which can work with or without the supply of auxiliary energy. Actuators with hydraulic or pneumatic actuators can also be easily provided.
  • a reversible rotary motor 10 is provided as an actuator, which engages with a drive pinion 29 in a rack 30 of a support body 6, which can be moved back and forth transversely to the axis of a working piston 2 of a thermostatic working element is to adjust the work area by the amount X of a thermostatic valve.
  • a support surface 14 extending obliquely to the axis of the working piston 2 is connected to the toothed rack 30.
  • the rotary motor 10 is designed so that it can also work against the force of the spring 19 of the thermostatic valve.
  • an actuator 11 with a linear drive movement is again provided, for example a thermostatic element or a solenoid or a motor with a rotating spindle, which loads a support body 7 designed as a double-armed lever, which around a transverse to the axis of a working piston 2 one thermostatic working element of a thermostatic valve axis is pivotable.
  • the double-armed lever 7 is loaded with a compression spring 31, which causes the return movement and which is stronger than the valve springs, not shown.
  • the support body 8 is directly adjustable in the axial direction of the working piston 2 of a thermostatic working element of a thermostatic valve.
  • the support body 8 is, for example, the working piston of a thermostatic working element 12, which is electrically heated, i.e. works with an auxiliary energy or that works without auxiliary energy and responds to the ambient temperature in this way. that his working piston remains retracted at a low ambient temperature and only extends from a certain ambient temperature.
  • the support body 8 can also be the spindle of a rotating spindle motor. It can also be the piston of a solenoid.
  • a toothed splint according to the 2 and 3 can also be provided a rotatable about an axis parallel to the pinion 29, provided with external teeth, which is provided on its side facing the working piston 2 with a cam surface serving as a support surface through which different working areas for the Working pistons are adjustable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Temperature-Responsive Valves (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Common Mechanisms (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Thermostatventil zur Regelung der Temperatur der Kühlflüssigkeit einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugmotors, das den Kühlmittelfluß von der Brennkraftmaschine durch einen Kurzschluß (By-Pass) und/oder durch einen Wärmetauscher zurück zur Brennkraftmaschine regelt, wobei ein Gehäuse für Dehnstoff die Ventilteller trägt und bei Erwärmung durch Ausfahren eines von einem auf unterschiedliche Abstände zu dem Gehäuse des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes einstellbaren Widerlager abgestützten Arbeitskolben den Hub des Ventiltellers bewirkt, wobei der augenblickliche Abstützpunkt des Arbeitskolbens im Widerlager mittels eines Stellorgans von äußeren Parametern bestimmt wird.The invention relates to a thermostatic valve for regulating the temperature of the coolant of an internal combustion engine, in particular a motor vehicle engine, which regulates the coolant flow from the internal combustion engine through a short circuit (by-pass) and / or through a heat exchanger back to the internal combustion engine, with a housing for expansion material the valve disk carries and when heated by extending a piston supported by an abutment adjustable to different distances from the housing of the thermostatic working element causes the stroke of the valve plate, the instantaneous support point of the working piston in the abutment being determined by an actuator from external parameters.

Es ist seit langem bekannt, die Temperatur des Kühlmittels und damit die Temperatur einer Brennkraftmaschine über ein Thermostatventil zu regeln, in dem das Thermostatventil so eingestellt wird, daß es ab einer bestimmten, unterhalb der Betriebstemperatur liegenden Temperatur die Verbindung zu dem Wärmetauscher freigibt. Dadurch wird erreicht, daß die Brennkraftmaschine in möglichst kurzer Zeit auf die Betriebstemperatur erwärmt wird.It has long been known to regulate the temperature of the coolant and thus the temperature of an internal combustion engine via a thermostatic valve in which the thermostatic valve is set so that it releases the connection to the heat exchanger from a certain temperature below the operating temperature. This ensures that the internal combustion engine is heated to the operating temperature in the shortest possible time.

Es ist auch ein Thermostatventil der eingangs genannten Art bekannt (GB-A-2 086 536), bei welchem dem Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes ein Widerlager in Form eines schwenkbar gelagerten Hebels zugeordnet ist, mit dem der Arbeitskolben formschlüssig verbunden ist. Der Hebel ist ferner an eine als Stellorgang dienende Druckdose angelenkt, die an das Saugrohr der Brennkraftmaschine angeschlossen und mit dem Saugrohrunterdruck beaufschlagt ist. Dadurch soll die Ventilstellung des Thermostatventils bei hoher Last an den erhöhten Kühlbedarf angepaßt werden. Bei der bekannten Bauart besteht die Gefahr, daß aufgrund von bestimmten Betriebssituationen innerhalb des Thermostatventils Veränderungen auftreten, die einen einwandfreien Betrieb und insbesondere ein kontrolliertes Regelverhalten ausschließen. Die formschlüssig mit dem Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes verbundene Druckdose zieht bei bestimmten Betriebszuständen den Arbeitskolben aus dem thermostatischen Arbeitselement heraus, so daß zwischen dem Ende des Arbeitskolbens und einer ihn umgebenden Membran ein Hohlraum entsteht. Bei der Erzeugung dieses Hohlraums entsteht zwangsläufig ein Unterdruck, so daß zwischen die Membran und den Arbeitskolben Kühlflüssigkeit eingesaugt wird. Wenn anschließend die Druckdose den Arbeitskolben wieder in das thermostatische Arbeitsventil hineindrücken soll, so muß erst die in dem Hohlraum befindliche Kühlflüssigkeit ausgetrieben werden, was, wenn es überhaupt vollständig erzielt wird, nur mit einer zeitlichen Verzögerung möglich ist, so daß die Ventilcharakteristik verfälscht ist.A thermostatic valve of the type mentioned at the outset is also known (GB-A-2 086 536), in which an abutment in the form of a pivotably mounted lever is associated with the working piston of the thermostatic working element, with which the working piston is positively connected. The lever is also articulated to a pressure cell serving as an actuator, which is connected to the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine and is acted upon by the intake manifold vacuum. This is intended to adapt the valve position of the thermostatic valve to the increased cooling requirement at high load. In the known design, there is a risk that, due to certain operating situations, changes occur within the thermostatic valve which preclude proper operation and, in particular, controlled control behavior. The pressure socket positively connected to the working piston of the thermostatic working element pulls the working piston out of the thermostatic working element under certain operating conditions, so that a cavity is created between the end of the working piston and a membrane surrounding it. When this cavity is created, a negative pressure inevitably arises, so that coolant is sucked in between the membrane and the working piston. If the pressure can then push the working piston back into the thermostatic working valve, the cooling liquid located in the cavity must first be expelled, which, if it is achieved completely, is only possible with a time delay, so that the valve characteristic is falsified.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Thermostatventil der eingangs genannten Art mit einfachen und funktionssicheren Mitteln so auszubilden, daß eine Veränderung der Ventilcharakteristik mittels eines Stellorgans von äußeren Parametern bestimmbar wird, ohne daß die Gefahr einer ungewollten Verfälschung dieser Ventilcharakteristik besteht.The invention has for its object to provide a thermostatic valve of the type mentioned with simple and reliable means so that a change in the valve characteristics can be determined by means of an actuator of external parameters, without the risk of unwanted falsification of this valve characteristic.

Dieses Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß als Widerlager für den Arbeitskolben ein Abstützkörper dient, der eine Abstützfläche für das freie Ende des Arbeitskolbens aufweist, an der sich der Arbeitskolben nur bis zur Schließstellung des Ventiltellers abstützt.This object is achieved in that a support body serves as an abutment for the working piston, which has a supporting surface for the free end of the working piston, on which the working piston is supported only up to the closed position of the valve plate.

Mit dieser Ausbildung wird eine Trennstelle zwischen dem Arbeitskolben und dem Stellorgan im Bereich des Abstützkörpers vorgesehen, so daß sich das Stellorgan und der Abstützkörper insbesondere bei einem Zurückbewegen in Schließrichtung des Ventiltellers unabhängig von dem Arbeitskolben bewegen können. Es wird damit sichergestellt, daß der Arbeitskolben unter keiner der möglichen Betriebsbedingungen aus dem thermostatischen Arbeitselement herausgezogen wird, so daß Veränderungen innerhalb des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes unterbunden werden, die zu einer Verfälschung der Regelcharakteristik Ursache sein könnten.With this design, a separation point is provided between the working piston and the actuator in the region of the support body, so that the actuator and the support body can move independently of the working piston, particularly when moving back in the closing direction of the valve plate. This ensures that the working piston is not pulled out of the thermostatic working element under any of the possible operating conditions, so that changes within the thermostatic working element are prevented, which could cause the control characteristic to be falsified.

Es ist somit eine wirksame Regelung möglich, die außer der vorliegenden Außentemperatur auch andere Werte als Führungsgrößen für die Regelung benutzen kann, beispielsweise die Abgastemperatur, die Drehzahl und/oder das Drehmoment der Brennkraftmaschine, den Unterdruck im Saugrohr, die Druckdifferenz an einer Unterdruckdose, die Öltemperatur o. dgl. Es ist möglich, unter Heranziehen dieser Werte die Temperatur der Brennkraftmaschine in gewissen Grenzen zu regeln, um den Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine zu optimieren.An effective control is thus possible which, in addition to the existing outside temperature, can also use values other than reference variables for the control, for example the exhaust gas temperature, the speed and / or the torque of the internal combustion engine, the negative pressure in the intake manifold, the pressure difference at a vacuum socket, the Oil temperature or the like. Using these values, it is possible to regulate the temperature of the internal combustion engine within certain limits in order to optimize the operation of the internal combustion engine.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele und den Unteransprüchen.

  • Figur 1 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Regelvorrichtung entsprechend der Erfindung mit einem linearen Stellglied und einem quer zum Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes verschiebbaren Abstützkörper,
  • Figur 2 eine Teilansicht einer Regelvorrichtung mit einem rotierenden Stellantrieb und einem ebenfalls quer zum Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes verschiebbaren Abstützkörper,
  • Figur 3 eine um 90° gedrehte Ansicht der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2,
  • Figur 4 eine Teilansicht einer Regelvorrichtung mit einem linearen Stellantrieb und einer Hebelübersetzung zu dem Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes und
  • Figur 5 eine Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Regelvorrichtung mit einem Widerlager, das einen koaxial zu dem Arbeitskolben des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes bewegbaren Abstützkörper aufweist.
Further features and advantages of the invention result from the following description of the exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing and the subclaims.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a control device according to the invention with a linear actuator and a support body which can be moved transversely to the working piston of the thermostatic working element,
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial view of a control device with a rotating actuator and a support body that can also be displaced transversely to the working piston of the thermostatic working element,
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the embodiment according to FIG. 2 rotated by 90 °,
  • Figure 4 is a partial view of a control device with a linear actuator and a lever ratio to the working piston of the thermostatic working element and
  • Figure 5 shows an embodiment of a control device according to the invention with a Abutment, which has a support body movable coaxially to the working piston of the thermostatic working element.

Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 ist ein Zulauf 17 für die Kühlflüssigkeit eines Verbrennungsmotors vorgesehen, der über ein Thermostatventil mit einem direkten Rücklauf 18 und/oder mit einem zu einem nicht dargestellten Wärmetauscher führenden Anschlußstutzen 15 verbindbar ist. Von dem Wärmetauscher führt in ebenfalls nicht dargestellter Weise eine Leitung zurück zu dem Verbrennungsmotor. Das Thermostatventil besitzt ein thermostatisches Arbeitselement, das einen Arbeitskolben 2 und ein Gehäuse 3 aufweist. In dem Gehäuse 3 ist ein Dehnstoff untergebracht, der sich bei Erwärmung ausdehnt und dabei den Arbeitskolben 2 aus dem Gehäuse 3 austreibt. Bei Abkühlung verringert der Dehnstoff sein Volumen, so daß der Arbeitskolben 2 wieder in das Gehäuse 3 hineingedrückt werden kann.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, an inlet 17 for the coolant of an internal combustion engine is provided, which can be connected via a thermostatic valve to a direct return 18 and / or to a connecting piece 15 leading to a heat exchanger (not shown). A line leads from the heat exchanger back to the internal combustion engine in a manner also not shown. The thermostatic valve has a thermostatic working element, which has a working piston 2 and a housing 3. An expansion material is accommodated in the housing 3, which expands when heated and thereby drives the working piston 2 out of the housing 3. When cooling, the expansion material reduces its volume so that the working piston 2 can be pressed back into the housing 3.

Mit dem Gehäuse 3 des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes ist fest ein Ventilteller 4 verbunden, beispielsweise durch Aufpressen oder Aufbördeln o. dgl., der mit einem konischen Rand einem rechtwinkligen Ventilsitz 16 zugeordnet ist, der von dem Anschlußstutzen 15 gebildet wird. Das aus dem Ventilteller 4 und dem Ventilsitz 16 gebildete Ventil verschließt oder öffnet die Verbindung zwischen dem Zulauf 17 und dem zum Wärmetauscher führenden Anschlußstutzen 15. Der Ventilteller 4 wird mit einer konischen Druckfeder 19 in der dargestellten Schließstellung gehalten.A valve plate 4 is fixedly connected to the housing 3 of the thermostatic working element, for example by pressing or flanging or the like, which is assigned with a conical edge to a right-angled valve seat 16 which is formed by the connecting piece 15. The valve formed from the valve plate 4 and the valve seat 16 closes or opens the connection between the inlet 17 and the connection stub 15 leading to the heat exchanger. The valve plate 4 is held in the closed position shown with a conical compression spring 19.

Auf dem Gehäuse 3 ist mittels einer Gleitführung ein weiterer Ventilteller 20 angeordnet, der dem direkten Rücklauf 18 zugeordnet ist, der einen dem Ventilteller 20 zugeordneten Ventilsitz 21 aufweist. Der Ventilteller 20 ist mit einer Druckfeder 22 belastet, die sich im Bereich des Ventiltellers 4 an dem Gehäuse 3 abstützt. Der Zulauf 17 befindet sich zwischen den beiden Ventiltellern 4 und 20.A further valve plate 20 is arranged on the housing 3 by means of a sliding guide, which is assigned to the direct return 18, which has a valve seat 21 assigned to the valve plate 20. The valve plate 20 is loaded with a compression spring 22 which is supported on the housing 3 in the region of the valve plate 4. The inlet 17 is located between the two valve plates 4 and 20.

Der Arbeitskolben 2 des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes stützt sich an einem Widerlager 1 ab.The working piston 2 of the thermostatic working element is supported on an abutment 1.

Bei einem Starten des Verbrennungsmotors und bei einem damit ausgelösten Umwälzen des Kühlmittels befindet sich das Thermostatventil in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Position, d. h. die Verbindung von dem Zulauf zu dem Anschlußstutzen 15 ist geschlossen, und die Verbindung zu dem direkten Rücklauf 18 ist offen. Das Kühlmittel umströmt dabei das Gehäuse 3 des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes. Wenn eine durch die Auslegung des Dehnstoffes des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes festgelegte Temperatur erreicht wird, so wird der Arbeitskolben 2 nach einer bestimmten, 'von dem Dehnstoff abhängigen Charakteristik über einen bestimmten Arbeitsbereich ausgefahren. Der sich an dem Widerlager 1 abstützende Arbeitskolben 2 bewegt dann das Gehäuse 3 mit den Ventiltellern 4 und 20, so daß über einen gewissen Temperaturbereich zunächst beide Ventile 4,16 und 20, 21 offen sind, während anschließend bei weiterer Erhöhung der Temperatur das Ventil 20, 21 geschlossen wird und nur noch das Ventil 4, 16 geöffnet ist.When the internal combustion engine is started and the coolant is circulated, the thermostatic valve is in the position shown in FIG. H. the connection from the inlet to the connecting piece 15 is closed and the connection to the direct return 18 is open. The coolant flows around the housing 3 of the thermostatic working element. When a temperature determined by the design of the expansion material of the thermostatic working element is reached, the working piston 2 is extended over a specific working range according to a specific characteristic which is dependent on the expansion material. The working piston 2, which is supported on the abutment 1, then moves the housing 3 with the valve disks 4 and 20, so that initially both valves 4, 16 and 20, 21 are open over a certain temperature range, while the valve 20 then increases as the temperature increases further , 21 is closed and only the valve 4, 16 is open.

Um trotz des durch die Wahl des Dehnstoffes festgelegten Temperaturbereiches, in welchem der Arbeitskolben 2 mit linearer Bewegung aus dem Gehäuse 3 ausgefahren wird, den Arbeitsbereich des Thermostatventils auf verschiedene Temperaturniveaus durch einen Eingriff von außen verlegen zu können, ist das Widerlager 1 mit einem unabhängig von und relativ zu dem thermostatischen Arbeitselement verstellbaren Abstützkörper 5 versehen, der quer zur Achse des Arbeitskolbens 2 verschiebbar ist und der eine schräg zur Achse des Arbeitskolbens 2 geneigte Abstützfläche 13 aufweist. Durch Verschieben des Abstützkörpers 5 quer zu dem Arbeitskolben können die jeweils zum Einsatz kommenden Abstützpunkte auf einen unterschiedlichen Abstand zu dem Gehäuse 3 und damit dem Ventilteller 4 in einem Bereich X verändert werden, so daß damit von außen der Arbeitsbereich des Thermostatventils veränderbar ist. Die Verschieberichtung des Abstützkörpers 5 und die Neigung der Abstützfläche 13 werden relativ zu der Achse des Arbeitskolbens 2 so gewählt, daß die Verstellbewegung des Abstützkörpers mit einer Untersetzung in eine Veränderung des Bereichs X umgewandelt wird, gegebenenfalls kann auch eine Übersetzung eingestellt werden. In der dargestellten Stellung des Abstützkörpers 5 befindet sich der am weitesten von dem Gehäuse 3 und dem Ventiller 4 entfernte Abstützpunkt der Abstützfläche 13 im Einsatz, so daß ein Öffnen des Ventils 4, 16 (und Schließen des Ventils 20, 21) erst bei einer erhöhten Temperatur des Kühlmittels erfolgt, was beispielsweise bei niedrigen Außentemperaturen gewünscht ist. Der Arbeitskolben 2 muß erst einen Leerweg von der Größe X zurücklegen, bevor er sich tatsächlich an der Abstützfläche 13 abstützt und durch ein weiteres Ausfahren aus dem Gehäuse 3 dieses und die Ventilteller 4 und 20 verschieben kann. Durch Verschieben des Arbeitskörpers 5 aus der dargestellten Extremstellung (in Fig. 1 nach links) kann der Leerweg des Arbeitskolbens 2 verkleinert werden, so daß damit der Arbeitsbereich des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes und damit des Thermostatventils auf ein niedrigeres Temperaturniveau verlagert wird, wie dies beispielsweise bei hohen Außentemperaturen gewünscht ist. Bei gleicher Erwärmung des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes erreicht dann der Arbeitskolben 2 die Anschlagfläche 13 früher, so daß dann die Öffnungsbewegung des Ventils 4, 16 (und die Schließbewegung des Ventils 20, 21) früher beginnt. Wie leicht verständlich ist, können auch zwischen den beiden Endpunkten der schrägen Abstützfläche 13 liegende Abstützpunkte gewählt werden, so daß der Arbeitsbereich des Thermostatventils in den gewählten Grenzen stufenlos veränderbar ist.In order to be able to relocate the working range of the thermostatic valve to different temperature levels by an external intervention, despite the temperature range in which the working piston 2 is extended from the housing 3 with linear movement, the abutment 1 is independent of and provided relative to the thermostatic working element adjustable support body 5 which is displaceable transversely to the axis of the working piston 2 and which has a supporting surface 13 inclined to the axis of the working piston 2. By moving the support body 5 transversely to the working piston, the support points used in each case can be changed to a different distance from the housing 3 and thus the valve plate 4 in an area X, so that the working area of the thermostatic valve can thus be changed from the outside. The direction of displacement of the support body 5 and the inclination of the support surface 13 are selected relative to the axis of the working piston 2 so that the adjustment movement of the support body is converted into a change in the area X with a reduction, if necessary a translation can also be set. In the illustrated position of the support body 5, the support point 13 of the support surface 13, which is the most distant from the housing 3 and the valve 4, is in use, so that opening of the valve 4, 16 (and closing of the valve 20, 21) takes place only at an elevated level Temperature of the coolant takes place, which is desirable, for example, at low outside temperatures. The working piston 2 must first travel an empty travel of size X before it is actually supported on the support surface 13 and can move it and the valve disks 4 and 20 by further extending out of the housing 3. By moving the working body 5 from the extreme position shown (to the left in FIG. 1), the free travel of the working piston 2 can be reduced, so that the working range of the thermostatic working element and thus the thermostatic valve is thus shifted to a lower temperature level, as is the case, for example, with high temperatures Outside temperatures is desired. With the same heating of the thermostatic working element, the working piston 2 then reaches the stop surface 13 earlier, so that the opening movement of the valve 4, 16 (and the closing movement of the valve 20, 21) begins earlier. As is easy to understand, support points lying between the two end points of the inclined support surface 13 can also be selected, so that the working range of the thermostatic valve can be varied continuously within the selected limits.

Das Verschieben des Abstützkörpers 5 des Widerlagers 1 erfolgt bei der dargestellten Ausführungsform durch ein Stellglied 9, das als thermostatisches Arbeitselement ausgebildet ist. Bei Erwärmung wird ein Arbeitskolben 23 aus dem thermostatischen Arbeitselement 9 ausgefahren. der bei Abkühlung entsprechend wieder zurückbewegt wird, wozu eine Rückstellfeder 25 vorgesehen ist, die den Abstützkörper 5 belastet, der ein koaxial zu dem Arbeitskolben 23 ausgerichteter Kolben ist, der in einer Führung eines. Gehäuses 26 gleitet, die einteilig mit dem AnschluBstutzen 15 ausgebildet ist. In dieses Gehäuse 26 ist das thermostatische Arbeitselement 9 mit einem Gewindeansatz 27 eingeschraubt.The displacement of the support body 5 of the abutment 1 takes place in the illustrated from leadership form by an actuator 9 which is designed as a thermostatic working element. When heated, a working piston 23 is moved out of the thermostatic working element 9. which is correspondingly moved back on cooling, for which purpose a return spring 25 is provided which loads the support body 5, which is a piston which is aligned coaxially with the working piston 23 and which is in a guide of a. Housing 26 slides, which is integrally formed with the connecting piece 15. The thermostatic working element 9 is screwed into this housing 26 with a threaded shoulder 27.

Das thermostatische Arbeitselement 9 ist in bekannter Weise mit einem elektrischen Heizelement versehen, beispielsweise einem PTC-Widerstand, so daß die lineare Bewegung des Arbeitskolbens und damit das Einstellen des Arbeitsbereiches des Thermostatventils elektrisch gesteuert werden kann. Die Stromzufuhr zu dem thermostatischen Arbeitselement wird von einem Signalwandler 28 bewirkt, der aufgrund verschiedenster Führungsgrößen aktiviert werden kann. Beispielsweise ist es damit möglich, nicht nur die Außentemperatur oder auch anstelle der Außentemperatur weitere Führungsgrößen für eine Veränderung des Arbeitsbereiches des Thermostatventils heranzuziehen, beispielsweise die Abgastemperatur, die Drehzahl oder das Drehmoment des Verbrennungsmotors, den Unterdruck im Saugrohr, die Druckdifferenz in einer Unterdruckdose oder die Öltemperatur o. dgl. Um dabei den Arbeitsbereich des Thermostatventils verändern zu können, auch wenn der Arbeitskolben 2 des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes des Thermostatventils bereits ganz oder teilweise ausgefahren ist, muß die Rückstellfeder 25 so ausgelegt werden, daß sie die Kraft der Feder 19 überwinden und das Ventil 4, 16 durch Verschieben des Gehäuses 3 mit dem Ventilteller 4 öffnen kann.The thermostatic working element 9 is provided in a known manner with an electrical heating element, for example a PTC resistor, so that the linear movement of the working piston and thus the setting of the working range of the thermostatic valve can be controlled electrically. The current supply to the thermostatic working element is effected by a signal converter 28, which can be activated on the basis of a wide variety of reference variables. For example, it is possible to use not only the outside temperature or other reference variables instead of the outside temperature for changing the working range of the thermostatic valve, e.g. the exhaust gas temperature, the speed or the torque of the internal combustion engine, the negative pressure in the intake manifold, the pressure difference in a vacuum box or the Oil temperature or the like. In order to be able to change the working range of the thermostatic valve, even if the working piston 2 of the thermostatic working element of the thermostatic valve is already fully or partially extended, the return spring 25 must be designed so that it overcomes the force of the spring 19 and that Valve 4, 16 can be opened by moving the housing 3 with the valve plate 4.

Bei dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Anschlußstutzen 15 mit dem Thermostatventil und dem verstellbaren Widerlager 1 als eine Baueinheit ausgebildet, die als Ganzes montiert und gegebenenfalls ausgetauscht werden kann.In the illustrated embodiment, the connecting piece 15 with the thermostatic valve and the adjustable abutment 1 is formed as a structural unit which can be assembled as a whole and, if necessary, exchanged.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 kann auch derart abgewandelt werden, daß die Vorrichtung ohne Zufuhr einer Hilfsenergie arbeitet, d. h., das thermostatische Arbeitselement 9 führt eine Verstellung des Abstützkörpers 5, abhängig von der Umgebungstemperatur, aus. Beispielsweise kann das thermostatische Arbeitselement 9 durch Wahl des in ihm enthaltenen Dehnstoffes so ausgelegt werden, daß bei niedriger Umgebungstemperatur bis zum Beispiel 15 °C ein öffnen des Ventils 4, 16 ab einer höheren Temperatur des Kühlmittels beginnt als bei Umgebungstemperaturen von mehr als 15 °C. In diesem. Falle müßten gegenüber der Darstellung nach Fig. 1 das thermostatische Arbeitselement 9 und die Rückstellfeder 25 gegeneinander vertauscht werden, so daß bei eingefahrenem Arbeitskolben 23 des Arbeitselementes niedrige Umgebungstemperatur der in Einsatz kommende Abstützpunkt der Abstützfläche 13 weiter von dem Gehäuse 3 und dem Ventiller 4 und auch dem Ventilsitz 16 entfernt ist, als bei ausgefahrenem Arbeitskolben 23 des Arbeitselementes 9 (höhere Umgebungstemperatur).The embodiment of FIG. 1 can also be modified such that the device works without the supply of auxiliary energy, i. that is, the thermostatic working element 9 performs an adjustment of the support body 5, depending on the ambient temperature. For example, the thermostatic working element 9 can be designed by the choice of the expansion material contained in it so that at low ambient temperatures up to, for example, 15 ° C., the valve 4, 16 opens when the coolant temperature is higher than at ambient temperatures of more than 15 ° C. . In this. 1, the thermostatic working element 9 and the return spring 25 would have to be interchanged with one another, so that when the working piston 23 of the working element is retracted, the ambient temperature of the supporting surface 13 of the supporting surface 13 that is used is further from the housing 3 and the valve 4 and also the valve seat 16 is removed than when the working piston 23 of the working element 9 is extended (higher ambient temperature).

In den Fig. 2 bis 5 sind weitere Ausführunsbeispiele für Stellantriebe dargestellt, mit denen der Arbeitsbereich eines Thermostatventils entsprechend Fig. 1 verlagert werden kann, indem für den dem Arbeitskolben 3 des thermostatischen Arbeitselementes ein von außen verstellbares Widerlager vorgesehen ist. Dabei können lineare Stellantriebe oder auch drehende Stellantriebe vorgesehen werden. Die dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele stellen nur einen Ausschnitt aus den verschiedensten Möglichkeiten dar, die mit oder ohne Zufuhr einer Hilfsenergie arbeiten können. Es können ohne weiteres auch Stellorgane mit hydraulischen oder pneumatischen Stellgliedern vorgesehen werden.2 to 5 show further exemplary embodiments of actuators with which the working range of a thermostatic valve can be shifted according to FIG. 1 by providing an externally adjustable abutment for the working piston 3 of the thermostatic working element. Linear actuators or rotating actuators can be provided. The exemplary embodiments shown represent only a section of the most varied possibilities, which can work with or without the supply of auxiliary energy. Actuators with hydraulic or pneumatic actuators can also be easily provided.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 und 3 ist ein in seiner Drehrichtung umkehrbarer Drehmotor 10 als Stellglied vorgesehen, der mit einem Antriebsritzel 29 in eine Zahnstange 30 eines Abstützkörpers 6 eingreift, der quer zu der Achse eines Arbeitskolbens 2 eines thermostatischen Arbeitselementes hin und her bewegbar ist, um den Arbeitsbereich um den Betrag X eines Thermostatventils zu verstellen. Mit der Zahnstange 30 ist eine schräg zur Achse des Arbeitskolbens 2 verlaufende Abstützfläche 14 verbunden. Dabei wird der Drehmotor 10 so ausgelegt, daß er auch gegen die Kraft der Feder 19 des Thermostatventils arbeiten kann.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, a reversible rotary motor 10 is provided as an actuator, which engages with a drive pinion 29 in a rack 30 of a support body 6, which can be moved back and forth transversely to the axis of a working piston 2 of a thermostatic working element is to adjust the work area by the amount X of a thermostatic valve. A support surface 14 extending obliquely to the axis of the working piston 2 is connected to the toothed rack 30. The rotary motor 10 is designed so that it can also work against the force of the spring 19 of the thermostatic valve.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 4 ist wieder ein Stellglied 11 mit linearer Antriebsbewegung vorgesehen, beispielweise ein Thermostatelement oder ein Hubmagnet oder ein Motor mit einer Drehspindel, der einen als doppelarmigen Hebel ausgebildeten Abstützkörper 7 belastet, der um eine quer zur Achse eines Arbeitskolbens 2 eines thermostatischen Arbeitselementes eines Thermostatventils verlaufende Achse verschwenkbar ist. Koaxial zu dem Arbeitskolben 2 wird der doppelarmige Hebel 7 mit einer Druckfeder 31 belastet, die die Rückstellbewegung bewirkt und die stärker als die nicht dargestellten Ventilfedern ist.In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, an actuator 11 with a linear drive movement is again provided, for example a thermostatic element or a solenoid or a motor with a rotating spindle, which loads a support body 7 designed as a double-armed lever, which around a transverse to the axis of a working piston 2 one thermostatic working element of a thermostatic valve axis is pivotable. Coaxial to the working piston 2, the double-armed lever 7 is loaded with a compression spring 31, which causes the return movement and which is stronger than the valve springs, not shown.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 5 ist der Abstützkörper 8 unmittelbar in axialer Richtung des Arbeitskolbens 2 eines thermostatischen Arbeitselementes eines Thermostatventils verstellbar. Der Abstützkörper 8 ist beispielsweise der Arbeitskolben eines thermostatischen Arbeitselementes 12, das elektrisch beheizt ist, d.h. mit einer Hilfsenergie arbeitet, oder das ohne Hilfsenergie arbeitet und auf die Umgebungstemperatur derart anspricht. daß sein Arbeitskolben bei niedriger Umgebungstemperatur eingefahren bleibt und erst ab einer bestimmten Umgebungstemperatur ausfährt. In gleicher Weise kann der Abstützkörper 8 auch die Spindel eines Drehspindelmotors sein. Ebenso kann er auch der Kolben eines Hubmagneten sein.5, the support body 8 is directly adjustable in the axial direction of the working piston 2 of a thermostatic working element of a thermostatic valve. The support body 8 is, for example, the working piston of a thermostatic working element 12, which is electrically heated, i.e. works with an auxiliary energy or that works without auxiliary energy and responds to the ambient temperature in this way. that his working piston remains retracted at a low ambient temperature and only extends from a certain ambient temperature. In the same way, the support body 8 can also be the spindle of a rotating spindle motor. It can also be the piston of a solenoid.

Anstelle einer Zahnschiene entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 2 und 3 kann auch ein um eine zum Ritzel 29 parallele Achse drehbare, mit einer Außenverzahnung versehene Scheibe vorgesehen werden, die auf ihrer dem Arbeitskolben 2 zugewandten Seite mit einer als Abstützfläche dienenden Nockenfläche versehen ist, durch die unterschiedliche Arbeitsbereiche für den Arbeitskolben einstellbar sind.Instead of a toothed splint according to the 2 and 3 can also be provided a rotatable about an axis parallel to the pinion 29, provided with external teeth, which is provided on its side facing the working piston 2 with a cam surface serving as a support surface through which different working areas for the Working pistons are adjustable.

Claims (10)

1. Thermostatic valve for regulating the temperature of the coolant of an internal combustion engine, particularly a motor vehicle engine, which valve controls the coolant flow from the internal combustion engine through a closed circuit (by-pass) and/or through a heat exchanger back to the internal combustion engine, a housing (3) for expanding material bearing the valve discs (4) and, when heated, causing the valve disc (4) to lift as a result of the extension of a working piston (2) supported by an abutment which can be set at different intervals from the housing (3) of the thermostatic working element, the immediate point of support of the working piston (2) in the abutment (1) being determined by external parameters with the aid of a control element (5), characterised in that a supporting element (5, 6, 7, 8) having a supporting face (13, 14) for the free end of the working piston (2) serves as the abutment (1) for the piston (2), the latter being supported on this supporting face (13, 14) only as far as the closed position of the valve disc (4).
2. Thermostatic valve according to Claim 1, characterised in that the control element is a thermostatic working element (9, 12).
3. Thermostatic valve according to Claim 1, characterised in that the control element contains an actuator (9, 10, 11, 12) which can be actuated by auxiliary power.
4. Thermostatic valve according to Claim 3, characterised in that an electrically heatable thermostatic working element (9, 11) serves as the actuator.
5. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the supporting element (7, 8) is adjustable in the axial direction of the working piston (2).
6. Device according to anyone of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the supporting element (5, 6) is adjustable transversely with respect to the axis of the working piston (2) and is provided with a supporting face (13, 14) inclined obliquely to the axis of the working piston (2).
7. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the supporting element is a rotatable disc which has a cam face directed towards the working piston (2).
8. Device according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the abutment (1) is fitted with the supporting element (5) in a connecting piece (15).
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterised in that the connecting piece (15) is designed as a valve seat (16) for the valve disc (4) which is . connected to the housing (3) of the thermostatic working element.
10. Device according to Claim 8 or 9, characterised in that the connecting piece (15), combined with the thermostatic working element, the abutment (1) and the actuator (9), forms a modular unit.
EP83105752A 1982-07-13 1983-06-11 Temperature controlling device in a cooling circuit of an internal-combustion engine, especially for an automotive engine Expired EP0098979B1 (en)

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DE3226104A DE3226104C2 (en) 1982-07-13 1982-07-13 Thermostatic valve for regulating the temperature of the cooling liquid in an internal combustion engine
DE3226104 1982-07-13

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EP0098979A1 EP0098979A1 (en) 1984-01-25
EP0098979B1 true EP0098979B1 (en) 1986-12-30

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Also Published As

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DE3226104A1 (en) 1984-01-26
DE3368723D1 (en) 1987-02-05
JPS5923028A (en) 1984-02-06
EP0098979A1 (en) 1984-01-25
US4522334A (en) 1985-06-11
DE3226104C2 (en) 1985-02-07

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