EP0075269A1 - Door actuating apparatus with an opening security - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A door actuating device having a motor-driven entrainment member (7) which is moved, in a specific path (3), forwards for the opening of a door leaf and back for its closing and which is coupled to a coupling member (5), connected to the door leaf to be moved, for reciprocating displacement in relation to this through a specific displacement distance (14) in the direction of the path (3) between a closing position (20) and an opening position (17) and which is in driving connection (12, 13), through an approach ramp (13) extending obliquely to the direction of the path (3), with a locking bolt (11) held on the coupling member (5), which locking bolt is transferred, controlled through this connection and transversely to the direction of the path (3), in the closing position (20) of the entrainment member (7) into a locking position (22) against a stop (21) fixed to the frame of the device and in the opening position (17) of the entrainment member (7) into an unlocking position (23) away from the stop (21), the entrainment member (7) comprising a recess (10) which defines the displacement distance (14) and in which there engages an entrainment block (9) which is held on the coupling member (5) and which forms a switching member with the locking bolt (11), the coupling between the entrainment member (7) and the coupling member (5) being able to be completely cancelled by hand by actuation of an entrainment element displaceable transversely to the direction of the path (3), characterised in that the entrainment member (7) is rigidly connected directly to the drive member (2) of the door drive, which member is moved in the direction of the path (3), and that the entrainment block (9) engaging in the upwardly open recess (10) in the entrainment member (7) is mounted as an entrainment element on the coupling member (5) for displacement between a position of engagement in the recess (10) and a position out of engagement with this recess (10) and has a mechanical coupling (25) to the locking bolt (11) over this displacement distance.

Description

The invention relates to a door drive with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Such drives, with which the door leaf or the door leaves of a door are opened and closed in a controlled manner, can be thought of in various configurations.

As a rule, an electric motor with a reduction gear will be used, which is connected to the door leaf via a gear connection. In principle, a lever linkage, for example in the manner of a crank drive, can be used as the gear connection, but the connection can also have a translating back and forth drag link, for which a rope, or better still a chain, is basically suitable.

Within the framework of the last-mentioned drive type, chain drives are known, in which of a chain, which is guided via a chain sprocket connected to a drive motor and a reversing sprocket spaced about the transfer distance, ice door type of whatever type, in particular a one-piece or one consisting of slats overhead door leaf, is moved back and forth between the closed position and the open position. For this purpose, a driver part is provided on the chain, to which the door leaf is coupled, if necessary with the interposition of levers or the like.

Gate drives are also known in which the drive motor is fastened to the door leaf and engages with a toothed rack running parallel to a guide rail or with a rope held stationary.

In all these cases, the gear connection between the drive motor and the door leaf - in particular in the case of a high-reduction intermediate gear - in the direction of the movement force that is transferred to the drive motor by hand when the door leaf is moved, that is to say opposite to the normal drive movement direction emanating from the motor , be so stiff that the gate cannot be moved by hand against this resistance. However, the resistance remains in the non-positive area, there is no positive locking that can only be overcome by destroying it. In addition, in many other drives, the gear inhibition against opening the door leaf by hand with a reasonably acceptable level of security is not given, so that the door alone is not saved with sufficient security by the drive against unauthorized opening against the stationary drive. Because of the friction losses caused by a high reduction, it also appears to be less energy-conscious to provide such a reduction only because of the security against unauthorized opening.

The invention has for its object to provide a door drive of the type mentioned, in which a safeguard against unauthorized opening of the door leaf is given in a simple manner when the drive is stationary, which is automatically controlled by the drive during normal movement of the door leaf.

The object is achieved by the subject matter of claim 1.

The two operating positions provided according to the invention between the driver part and the coupling part, which are shifted against each other by a certain displacement distance

1, cause two different positions of the switching part, in one of which, namely the closed position, which corresponds to the closed position of the door leaf, the switching part is directed against a stationary stop against which it starts when trying to open the door leaf by hand . If, on the other hand, the opening movement of the door leaf is properly initiated from the drive, the driver part first moves by the defined displacement distance with respect to the coupling part which is at rest, during which the switching part is lifted out of its engagement with the stationary stop. At the end of this first displacement distance and after the switching part has been lifted out of the blocking position, the driver part engages in a form-fitting manner on the driver block, whereupon the coupling part with the door leaf moves accordingly in its open position.

The coupling part can be formed in one piece, for example in the form of a two-armed lever, or also in several pieces, in particular in two pieces, as shown by the exemplary embodiment described later. In this case, the switchover part comprises a driver block which engages in a recess of the driver part which defines the displacement distance, and a locking bar which is displaceably mounted transversely to the direction of the specific path of the driver part between the locking position and the unlocking position.

Such a design of the changeover part is provided in particular in connection with a door drive which is provided with a drag link; works in particular a chain or the like, which can be moved back and forth in a motor-driven manner along a running rail fixed to the device chassis, on which the coupling part is held so as to be longitudinally displaceable by way of a guide design. In this case it is Driver part fixed to the towing member, and the stationary stop is provided on the sliding point of the coupling part corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf on the running rail.

If, at the beginning of the return of the door leaf from the open position into the closed position, the driver part passes through the certain displacement distance with respect to the coupling part, the changeover part is released in preparation so as to engage in the locked position in the closed position of the door. However, various measures can be used to prevent the locking position from being assumed. This can be accomplished, for example, with the help of an additional pawl that holds the locking bolt in the unlocked position until the coupling part has reached the position that corresponds to the closed position of the door leaf. In this case, a stop, a ramp or the like is provided at that point, which releases the pawl from engagement with the locking bolt. After the transition to the opening movement, the locking bolt can also simply slide on a holding edge until the sliding position is reached, which corresponds to the closed position of the door. Finally, you can also slide the locking bolt into the locking position and ensure that the locking bolt is temporarily raised to the unlocking position when it arrives at the stop side facing away from the stop surface of the stop. This can be achieved in a simple manner by means of a corresponding inclined surface which is provided on the stop part. Finally, one can also ensure that the displacement between the driver part and the coupling part only takes place when the closed position is reached from the open position of the door leaf. A pawl is also conceivable here, which blocks the displacement distance between the driver part and the coupling part, up to the shift position of the coupling part corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf has been reached. In this case too, the pawl can be controlled with a stop, a ramp or the like provided at this point in such a way that it releases the displacement path, so that the displacement between the driver part and the coupling part only takes place in or near the closed position of the door with the result, that the switching part or the locking bolt only passes into the unlocking position when this position is reached.

In a further preferred embodiment, the stop surfaces between the fixed stop and the locking bolt are a _W eniges inclined so constructed that an unauthorized opening movement pushes the door panel from the locking bar in engagement with the stationary stop. This prevents the locking bolt from being inadvertently lifted out of engagement with the stop. In a similar way, a corresponding inclined position of the stop surfaces can be provided between the driver block and the driver part. The same applies in the event that the switching part is formed in one piece.

In addition, care can be taken to ensure that the changeover part can be completely lifted out of engagement with the driver part in order to completely separate the drive from the door leaf in the event of a power failure or a fault. This makes the door leaf easily movable by hand. In the case of separate training, the driver block is arranged to be displaceable accordingly for this purpose. In this case, since both the locking bolt and the driver block have to be lifted out of their possible interventions with the stationary stop or the driver part, the locking bolt can be moved a further distance over that of the sliding out of engagement with the stop can be designed to be liftable, it being possible to ensure with a lifting bridge or the like that the locking bar takes the driver block along this second movement distance of the latch and thus removes it from its engagement with the driver part. Since such a detachment of the entire coupling between the drive and the door leaf is done by hand, one can ensure by locking or the like that this separation remains and is only remedied by deliberately returning the switching part to the engagement position with the driver part. This is for safety, for example when the power supply is re-inserted, the drive should not be able to intervene in an uncontrolled manner on the door leaf.

• Figur 1 das Ausführungsbeispiel im Zusammenhang mit einem nur ausschnittsweise wiedergegebenen Schleppkettenantrieb in der Schließstellung bzw. der Schließlage des Tores;
• Figur 2 denselben Ausschnitt des Ausführungsbeispieles in der öffnungsstellung, aus der heraus das Torblatt mit Hilfe des Antriebes in die öffnungslage überführt wird.

Further refinements of the invention result from subclaims in connection with the exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing, to which particular reference is made and the following description of which explains the invention in more detail. Show it:

• Figure 1 shows the embodiment in connection with a drag chain drive shown only in sections in the closed position or the closed position of the gate;
• FIG. 2 shows the same section of the exemplary embodiment in the open position, from which the door leaf is moved into the open position with the aid of the drive.

FIGS. 1 and 2 each show only a relatively short section of a running rail 1, which is fixed at one end to the device chassis in a manner not shown that carries the drive motor together with any reduction gear. In this area there is also a chain sprocket, which is in gear connection with the drive motor. At the other end of the track 1, which is also not shown in this respect, a further, freely rotatable chain sprocket is arranged. An endless chain 2 is placed around both sprockets, the two strands of which are thus guided along the running rail 1 and can be moved back and forth along the running rail with the aid of the motor-driven drive sprocket. Of these two runs only one is used, namely the one whose section is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and which can thus be moved back and forth in the direction of the double arrow 3 with respect to the running rail.

The running rail 1 is provided with a lower fold 1 ', which is encompassed by a guide formation 4 which is designed as a cavity on a coupling part 5 which is lined with a sliding lining. The coupling part 5 can thus be moved back and forth in the direction of the web 3 along the running rail 1 or its fold 1 '. On the underside of the coupling part 5, a connection 6 is provided for connection to a door leaf (not shown), so that when the coupling part is moved in the direction of the double arrow 3, the door leaf can be moved back and forth in a controlled manner between its closed position and its open position. The section of the running rail 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes the displacement position of the coupling part 5, in which the door leaf (not shown) is in its closed position.

On the chain 2, a driver part 7 is fixed in a manner not shown, so that it can be moved back and forth with the chain 2 in the direction of the path 3. With this driver part 7 works a total of 8 be drawn switching part together, which is held on the coupling part 5. The switching part 8 comprises a driver block 9, which is secured against displacement in the direction of the path 3 on the coupling part 5 and engages in a recess 10 in the driver part 7. The switching part 8 further comprises a locking bolt 11, which is also secured against shifting movements in the direction of the path 3 and held on the switching part 5 and can be displaced approximately perpendicular to the direction of the path 3. The locking bolt 11 is aligned with an edge 12 in the direction of the web 3 on a run-up ramp 13 which is formed on the driver part 7 inclined to the direction of the web 3.

The recess 10 in the driver part 7 includes the driver block 9 of the changeover part 8 in the direction of the path 3 with so much play that the driver part 7 can be displaced by a displacement distance 14 with respect to the driver block 9 and thus the displacement part 5. In the one displacement end position comes a stop surface 15 of the slave block 9 for abutment on a stop surface 16, whereupon the gate is moved into its open position when the driver part moves further in the direction of the path 3 to the left. This displacement position shown in Figure 2 between the driver part 7 and the driver block 9 and thus the coupling part 5 is denoted by 17 and called the open position.

If, when the driver part 7 is moved in the direction of the path 3 to the right, a stop surface 18 of the driver block 9 comes into contact with a stop surface 19 of the driver: part 7, the coupling part 5 and thus the door leaf become when the driver part 7 moves further in this direction transferred to its closed position until the closed position 20 shown in Figure 1 is reached.

The displaceability of the driver part 7 relative to the driver block 9 by the displacement distance 14 serves to move the locking bolt 11 by engaging its edge 12 on the ramp 13 of the driver part 7 between a locking position 22 (FIG. 1) and an unlocking position 23 (FIG. 2) . The locking position 22 assumes the locking bolt when the driver part 7 is located in relation to the coupling part 5 in the closed position shown in FIG. the driver part 7 is shifted to the right in the course of the closing process of the door leaf, and the driver block 9 rests with its stop surface 18 on the stop surface 19 of the driver part. In this displacement position, the driver part 7 is furthest away from the locking bolt, which is why its edge 12 is lifted off or at the lower end of the ramp 13. In this locking position 22, the edge of the locking bar 11 facing away from the driver part 7 is aligned with a stop 21 which is fastened to the running rail 1. If an attempt were now made to move the door leaf out of the closed position into the open position without operating the drive accordingly, a force exerted accordingly on the door leaf would be transmitted to the coupling part 5 in such a way that it tries to turn to the left in the direction of the path 3 to move. The locking bolt 11 engages the stop 21, which prevents such a displacement movement and the gate cannot be opened.

In order to ensure that in such an attempt to open the gate without authorization, the locking bolt 11 cannot come out of engagement with the stop 21, the surfaces of the locking bolt 11 and the stop 21 which come into contact with one another are designed so as to be inclined so that they undercut each other from the engagement position in the direction of displacement of the locking bolt 11 into the unlocking position 23. If, on the other hand, the door leaf is moved out of its closed position into the open position by appropriate operation of the drive, when the drive is switched on, the driver part 7 initially shifts by the displacement distance 14 with respect to the driver block 9, which is why the coupling part 5 and thus also the locking bolt 11 Do not turn shifted along this path along the path 3. Due to this relative movement, the driving part 7 can engage with its ramp 13 on the edge 12 of the locking bolt 11 and lift it from the locking position 22 into the unlocking position 23 by running the edge 12 on the ramp 13 . In the unlocking position 23, the locking bolt 11 is lifted out of alignment with the stop 21 in the direction of the path 3, which is why a now moving the coupling part 5 in the direction of the path 3 to the right remains unimpeded. This movement takes place as soon as the driver part 7 is displaced by the displacement distance 14 with respect to the coupling part 5 and the driver block 9 engages with its stop surface 15 on the stop surface 16 of the driver part 7. Thus, the door leaf can be moved into its open position by the drive.

If the door leaf is in the open position, not shown, and it is to be transferred to the closed position, it can be ensured in various ways that the locking bolt 11 does not already attack the rear side of the stop 21 when entering the closed position, if at correspondingly balanced door leaf, the drive exerts a driving effect on the coupling part 5 in the course of the opening movement, i.e. the driving part 7 tends to move out of the opening position of the door leaf at the beginning of the closing movement or in the course of this movement around the displacement distance 14 into a relative position to move the coupling part 5 like this is shown in Figure 1 for the closed position of the gate. On the one hand, this displacement movement outside the position of the closed position can be prevented by a corresponding pawl which engages in the free space between the stop surface 19 of the driver part and the stop surface 18 of the driver block 9 and thus the opening position 17 over the entire displacement distance in the opening and closing directions ensures until the shift position shown in the drawing, which corresponds to the closed position of the door leaf, is reached or almost reached. In this position the pawl must then reach out of the free space of the lockout so that the displacement of the driver part 7 relative to the coupling part 5 can take place in the closed position. This can be ensured by a correspondingly positioned actuator for the pawl on the running rail 1. In a similar way, one could ensure that the driver part 7, even at the beginning of the closing movement, can get out of the open position of the door leaf into the relative displacement position shown in FIG. 1 to the driver block 9, but that the locking bolt 11 can be reached until the Figures shown sliding position of the coupling part 5 is lowered according to the closed position of the door leaf in the locking position. This can also be done by a location-controlled pawl, or simply by a retaining edge 24, which is guided on the running rail 1 accordingly over the entire displacement path with the exception of the displacement position shown in the figures and thus prevents the locking bolt 11 from being seen in the closing direction to drop into the locking position before the stop 21. Of course, it is also sufficient to let the retaining edge begin just shortly before the start of the stop and to provide it with a run-up surface, so that the locking bolt only over the stop is lifted away.

In order to enable the door to be opened and closed by hand in the event that the mains supply is interrupted and the drive fails, the switching device can still be used to completely cancel the coupling between the driver part 7 and the coupling part 5. For this purpose, the switching device 8 can be displaced overall so that it not only comes out of the engagement area of the stop 21, but also out of engagement with the recess 10 of the driver part 7. In the present example, the locking bolt 11 is designed to be movable from its locking position 22 via its unlocking position 23, whereby in the course of this further displaceability it takes it along with a lifting bridge 25, which is fastened to the driving block 9 by means of a screw 26, and removed from its engagement with the recess 10 of the driver part 7, so that the coupling part 5 can be moved along the running rail 1 completely independently of the position of the driver part 7. A corresponding mobility of the locking bolt 11 and the driver block 9 is ensured in the present case by pivot bearings, which are indicated at 27 and 28. Locking bolt 11 and driving block 9 are thus designed in the manner of pivoting levers. In order to prevent the clutch part 5 and thus the door leaf from taking an unexpected take-up when the power supply returns and possibly when the drive starts up, it can be ensured that the locking bolt 11 and driver block 9 are locked in the raised position and only by targeted attack this locking position are to be solved. In addition, by forming inclined surfaces, it can be achieved that after disengagement from the lifting position, the coupling between the driver part and the coupling part 5 comes about automatically.

Claims (10)

1. Door drive device with a motor-driven in a certain path for the opening of a door leaf and its closing moving back part and with a coupling part which is coupled to the driving part and connected to the door leaf to be moved, characterized in that the driving part (7) can be moved back and forth relative to the coupling part (5) in the direction of the path (3) by a certain displacement distance (14) between a closed position (20) and an open position (17) and with a changeover part held on the coupling part (5) (8) in gear connection (12, 13), which is controlled via this connection in the closed position (20) of the driver part (7) in a locking position (22) on a device-fixed stop (21) and in the open position (17) of the Driver part (7) in an unlocking position (23) from the stop (21) is displaced. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching part (8) has a driver block (9) which engages in a recess (10) defining the displacement path (14) of the driver part (7) and has a locking bolt (11), between the locking position (22) and the end locking position (23) transverse to the direction of the web (3) is displaceably mounted. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 with a towing member such as a chain or the like., The motor-driven back and forth is movable along a fixed to the device chassis rail on which the coupling part is held longitudinally displaceably guided by a guide, characterized in that the driver part (7) is fixed on the towing member (2) and the device-fixed stop (21) is provided on the sliding point of the coupling part (5) on the running rail (1) corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the gear connection (12, 13) between the locking bolt (11) and the driver part (7) by an edge (12) of the locking bolt (11) engaging, obliquely to Direction of the web (3) running ramp ramp (13) of the driver part (7) is formed. 5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the switching part (8) or the locking bolt (1.1) along the entire path (3) with the exception of the displacement position of the coupling part (5) corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf in the unlocked position ( 23) is held. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the locking bolt (11) on a retaining edge (24) of the running rail (1) is supported in the unlocking position (23) and that the Holding edge (24) ends in the area of the stop (21). 7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the switching part (8) or the locking bolt (5) is held by means of a pawl or the like in the open position (17) or the unlocking position (23) and that the pawl with a the actuating projection arranged corresponding to the displacement position of the coupling part (5) corresponding to the closed position of the door leaf is arranged correspondingly. 8. Device according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the driver block (9) between an engagement position in the recess (10), the driver part (7) and a disengaged position from this recess removably held on the coupling part (5) is. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the driver block (9) over its displacement distance with the locking bolt (11) has a mechanical coupling (25). 10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking bolt (11) and / or the driver block (9) is pivotally held (27 and / or 28) on the coupling part (5) or is.

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