EP0070280A1 - Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seeds - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seedsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0070280A1 EP0070280A1 EP19820900212 EP82900212A EP0070280A1 EP 0070280 A1 EP0070280 A1 EP 0070280A1 EP 19820900212 EP19820900212 EP 19820900212 EP 82900212 A EP82900212 A EP 82900212A EP 0070280 A1 EP0070280 A1 EP 0070280A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- seeds
- viability
- determining
- observation
- electroluminescence
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
- A01C1/025—Testing seeds for determining their viability or germination capacity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/66—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light electrically excited, e.g. electroluminescence
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus and method of application for the purpose of determining seed viability; it uses the demonstration of different electroluminescence phenomena between seeds with normal biological characteristics, and non-viable seeds.
- the known electrographic and electronographic techniques use excitation regimes in electroluminescence at relatively high energy values, which does not allow the detection of the fine modifications which make the difference between healthy seeds and non-viable seeds.
- the apparatus and the method for determining the viability of the seeds according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks.
- the principle of this invention is based on the fact that the viable seeds, having a normal germinative potential, preserve around them, even in the conditions of reduced humidity of the environment where they are exposed, a thin layer of vapor d water and biological gas which ionizes easily, unlike non-viable seeds which lose this layer.
- Figure 1 Shows the block diagram of the device according to the present invention.
- Figure 2. Shows an example of a comparative measurement of the degree of electroluminescence of the seeds in the display device for a batch of live seeds and a batch of non-viable seeds;
- Figure 3. Shows an example of measurement of the voltage value which produces electroluminescence for each seed apart, also allowing automatic statistical calculation as well as determination of different degrees of viability of the batch of seeds tested.
- the apparatus and method for determining seed viability consists of a low frequency sinusoidal alternating current source A, amplitude controlled by a continuously adjustable voltage divider B, by through which the alternating sinusoidal electric current is applied to a high voltage transformer C. It is connected to the electroluminescence display device D, in turn made up of a transparent dielectric 1 having incorporated a conductive layer 1 ′, d a phosphor layer with low excitation threshold 2, under which the seeds to be tested 3 are arranged, the contact in the device being closed by the electrode 4.
- the display device is entirely observed by a sensor S or two different sensors S 'and S ", as shown in figure 2. They cover different visual fields and can measure or record electrolytic phenomena uminescence produced separately on each field.
- the apparatus in accordance with the invention, operates as follows:
- the alternating current A controlled in voltage by the divider B, is gradually applied to the exposure device on which are placed control seeds, viable or non-viable, tooth electroluminescence is compared with that of tested seeds.
- the phenomenon of electroluminescence will appear at lower control values for viable seeds than for non-viable seeds.
- the seeds tested, as well as the control seeds, are examined under identical conditions of temperature and humidity, after prior preparation.
- FIG. 3 a variant of this device is presented, according to the invention, which uses several sensors S ′, S ′′ ... S n which record the electroluminescent emission produced by the excitation of the phosphor layer 2 by each grain apart.
- the information is collected by 12 electronic switches E and compared by F to the high voltage level produced by the AC source applied to the terminals of the recording device D.
- the information is processed statistically and displayed by the calculation G, or stored in the storage unit H.
- the apparatus in this variant allows the rapid statistical calculation of the percentage of viable seeds and the determination of the different degrees of viability for the batch of seeds tested.
- the apparatus and the method for determining the viability of the seeds, in accordance with the invention, has the following industrial applications:
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Conformement a l'invention, l'appareil et le procede pour la determination de la viabilite des graines consistent a apprecier ou a mesurer les caracteristiques electriques des grains (3) en correlation avec leur faculte germinative, en les placant dans un champ electrique en regime sinusoidal de basse frequence avec tensions elevees et variables (A-C). L'ionisation qui en resulte est revelee par un luminophore avec seuil d'excitation bas (2) qui s'allume differemment selon les energies du champ explorateur. En ce qui concerne la realisation technique, elle peut etre simple: l'observation se faisant a l'oeil, ou plus precise: la mesure de la luminescence produite etant realisee a partir de capteurs en nombre variable (S', S'..), relies a un appareil de controle et d'interpretation automatique (G, H).In accordance with the invention, the apparatus and the method for determining the viability of the seeds consist in assessing or measuring the electrical characteristics of the grains (3) in correlation with their germination faculty, by placing them in an electric field in regime sinusoidal of low frequency with high and variable voltages (AC). The resulting ionization is revealed by a phosphor with low excitation threshold (2) which lights up differently depending on the energies of the exploring field. Regarding the technical realization, it can be simple: the observation being made with the eye, or more precise: the measurement of the luminescence produced being carried out starting from sensors in variable number (S ', S' .. ), linked to an automatic control and interpretation device (G, H).
Description
APPAREIL ET PROCEDE POUR LA DETERMINATION DE LA VIABILITE DES GRAINES APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE VIABILITY OF SEEDS
La présente invention concerne un appareil et son procédé d'application dans le but de déterminer la viabilité des graines ; elle utilise la mise en évidence des phénomènes d'électroluminescence différents entre des graines à caractères biologiques normaux, et des graines non-viables.The present invention relates to an apparatus and method of application for the purpose of determining seed viability; it uses the demonstration of different electroluminescence phenomena between seeds with normal biological characteristics, and non-viable seeds.
On connaît divers procédés pour déterminer l'humidité des graines en utilisant des méthodes rhéographiques mais qui ne sont pas en corrélation avec leur degré de viabilité. On connaît également des méthodes pour déterminer la viabilité par l'ensemencement et le calcul de pourcentage sur le nombre de germes obtenus. Ces méthodes présentent les inconvénients d'être longues et insuffisamment précises.Various methods are known for determining the moisture of seeds using rheographic methods but which are not correlated with their degree of viability. Methods are also known for determining viability by sowing and calculating the percentage of the number of germs obtained. These methods have the disadvantages of being long and insufficiently precise.
Les techniques électrographiques et électronographiques connues, utilisent des régimes d'excitation en électroluminescence à des valeurs énergétiques relativement hautes, ce qui ne permet pas la mise en évidence des modifications fines qui font la différence entre les graines saines et les graines non-viables.The known electrographic and electronographic techniques use excitation regimes in electroluminescence at relatively high energy values, which does not allow the detection of the fine modifications which make the difference between healthy seeds and non-viable seeds.
L'appareil et le procédé pour la détermination de la viabilité des graines selon l'invention permet d'éviter ces inconvénients.The apparatus and the method for determining the viability of the seeds according to the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks.
On propose une méthode instantanée destinée à mesurer la viabilité des graines, à partir de leur électroluminescence quand elles sont placées dans un champ électrique élevé et variable.An instant method for measuring the viability of seeds is proposed, based on their electroluminescence when they are placed in a high and variable electric field.
Le principe de cette invention est basé sur le fait que les graines viables, ayant un potentiel germinatif normal, conservent autour d'elles, même dans les conditions d'humidité réduite de l'environnement où elles sont exposées, une fine couche de vapeur d'eau et de gaz biologiques qui s'ionise facile¬nent, au contraire des graines non-viables qui perdent cette couche.The principle of this invention is based on the fact that the viable seeds, having a normal germinative potential, preserve around them, even in the conditions of reduced humidity of the environment where they are exposed, a thin layer of vapor d water and biological gas which ionizes easily, unlike non-viable seeds which lose this layer.
Exposées dans des condition identiques, les graines vivantes produisent une électroluminescence à des énergies d'excitation inférieures à celles des graines non-viables. En utilisant une couche intermédiaire de luminophore entre les électrodes d'exposition, le phénomène d'électroluminescence peutêtre révélé à des énergies d'excitation relativement faibles. Un mode de réalisation de la présente invention est décrit ci-après à titre
d'exemple en référence aux trois dessins annexés dans lesquels :When exposed under identical conditions, living seeds produce electroluminescence at lower excitation energies than non-viable seeds. By using an intermediate layer of phosphor between the exposure electrodes, the electroluminescence phenomenon can be revealed at relatively low excitation energies. An embodiment of the present invention is described below by way of example with reference to the three attached drawings in which:
La figure 1. - Représente le schéma-bloc de l'appareil conformément à la présente invention ;Figure 1. - Shows the block diagram of the device according to the present invention;
La figure 2. - Représente un exemple de mesure comparative du degré d'électroluminescence des graines dans le dispositif de visualisation pour un lot de graines vivantes et un lot de graines non-viables ;Figure 2. - Shows an example of a comparative measurement of the degree of electroluminescence of the seeds in the display device for a batch of live seeds and a batch of non-viable seeds;
La figure 3. - Représente un exemple de mesure de la valeur de tension qui produit l'électroluminescence pour chaque graine à part, permettant également le calcul statistique automatique ainsi que la détermination des degrés différents de viabilité du lot de graines testé.Figure 3. - Shows an example of measurement of the voltage value which produces electroluminescence for each seed apart, also allowing automatic statistical calculation as well as determination of different degrees of viability of the batch of seeds tested.
L'appareil et le procédé pour la détermination de la viabilité des graines, conformément à l'invention, se compose d'une source de courant alternatif sinusoïdal à basse fréquence A, contrôlée en amplitude par un diviseur de tension à réglage continu B, par l'intermédiaire duquel le courant électrique alternatif sinusoïdal est appliqué à un transformateur de haute tension C. Il est relié au dispositif de visualisation en électroluminescence D, constitué à son tour d'un diélectrique transparent 1 ayant incorporée une couche conductrice 1', d'une couche luminophore avec seuil bas d'excitation 2, sous laquelle sont disposées les graines à tester 3, le contact dans le dispositif étant fermé par l'électrode 4. Le dispositif de visualisation est entièrement observé par un capteur S ou deux capteurs différents S' et S", comme représentés dans la figure 2. Ils couvrent des champs visuels différents et peuvent mesurer ou enregistrer les phénomènes d'électroluminescence produits séparément sur chacun des champs.The apparatus and method for determining seed viability according to the invention consists of a low frequency sinusoidal alternating current source A, amplitude controlled by a continuously adjustable voltage divider B, by through which the alternating sinusoidal electric current is applied to a high voltage transformer C. It is connected to the electroluminescence display device D, in turn made up of a transparent dielectric 1 having incorporated a conductive layer 1 ′, d a phosphor layer with low excitation threshold 2, under which the seeds to be tested 3 are arranged, the contact in the device being closed by the electrode 4. The display device is entirely observed by a sensor S or two different sensors S 'and S ", as shown in figure 2. They cover different visual fields and can measure or record electrolytic phenomena uminescence produced separately on each field.
L'appareil, conformément à l'invention, fonctionne de la manière suivante :The apparatus, in accordance with the invention, operates as follows:
Le courant alternatif A, contrôlé en tension par le diviseur B, est appliqué progressivement au dispositif d'exposition sur lequel sont disposées des graines témoins, viables ou non-viables, dent l'électroluminescence est comparée à celle de graines testées. Le phénomène d'électroluminescence appa¬raîtra à des valeurs témoins plus basses pour les graines viables que pour les graines non-viables. Les graines testées, ainsi que les graines témoins sont examinées dans des conditions identiques de température et d'humidité, après une préparation préalable.
Dans la figure 3 on présente une variante de cet appareil, conformément à l'invention, qui utilise plusieurs capteurs S', S"... Sn qui enregistrent l'émission électroluminescente produite par l'excitation de la couche de luminophore 2 par chaque grain à part. Les informations sont recueillies par 12 commutateur électronique E et comparées par F au niveau de haute tension produite par la source A-C appliquée aux bornes du dispositif d'enreregistrement D. Les informations sont traitées statistiquement et affichées par l'unité de calcul G, ou mémorisées dais l'unité de mémorisation H.The alternating current A, controlled in voltage by the divider B, is gradually applied to the exposure device on which are placed control seeds, viable or non-viable, tooth electroluminescence is compared with that of tested seeds. The phenomenon of electroluminescence will appear at lower control values for viable seeds than for non-viable seeds. The seeds tested, as well as the control seeds, are examined under identical conditions of temperature and humidity, after prior preparation. In FIG. 3 a variant of this device is presented, according to the invention, which uses several sensors S ′, S ″ ... S n which record the electroluminescent emission produced by the excitation of the phosphor layer 2 by each grain apart. The information is collected by 12 electronic switches E and compared by F to the high voltage level produced by the AC source applied to the terminals of the recording device D. The information is processed statistically and displayed by the calculation G, or stored in the storage unit H.
L'appareil dans cette variante permet le calcul statistique rapide du pour¬centage des graines viables et la détermination des différents degrés de viabilité pour le lot de graines testé.The apparatus in this variant allows the rapid statistical calculation of the percentage of viable seeds and the determination of the different degrees of viability for the batch of seeds tested.
L'appareil et le procédé pour la détermination ds la viabilité des graines, conformément à l'invention, a les applications industrielles suivantes :The apparatus and the method for determining the viability of the seeds, in accordance with the invention, has the following industrial applications:
- appareils de test de viabilité pour les graines, - machines pour le tri autoiiatique des graines selon leur niveau de viabilité.
- viability test apparatus for seeds, - machines for automatic sorting of seeds according to their level of viability.
Claims
REVENDICATIONS
1) Appareil et procédé pour la détermination de la viabilité des graines, caractérisés par une source ds courant alternatif sinusoïdal à basse fréquence (A), contrôlée en amplitude par un diviseur de tension à réglage continu (B), par l'intermédiaire duquel le courant électrique alternatif sinusoldai est appliqué à un transformateur de haute tension (C), relié à un dispositif de visualisation en électroluminescence (D), constitué à son tour d'un diélectrique transparent (1), incorporant uns couche conductrice (1'), d'une couche de luminophore avec seuil d'excitation basse (2), sous laquelle sont placées les graines à tester (3), le contact dans le dispositif étant fermé par la deuxième électrode (4) .1) Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seeds, characterized by a source of low frequency sinusoidal alternating current (A), amplitude controlled by a continuously adjustable voltage divider (B), through which the sinusoldai alternating electric current is applied to a high voltage transformer (C), connected to an electroluminescence display device (D), in turn made up of a transparent dielectric (1), incorporating a conductive layer (1 '), a phosphor layer with low excitation threshold (2), under which the seeds to be tested (3) are placed, the contact in the device being closed by the second electrode (4).
2) Appareil et procédé pour la détermination de la viabilité des graines conformément à la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif de visualisation est entièrement soumis à l'observation d'un capteur (S) ou de deux capteurs (S', S") qui couvrent des champs visuels différents et qui peuvent réaliser dans des chaînes de mesure propres, ou différentielles, l'observation, la mesure ou l'enregistrement dj phénomène d'électroluminescence produit différentiellement par les deux champs d'observation.2) Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that the display device is entirely subject to the observation of one sensor (S) or two sensors (S ', S ") which cover different visual fields and which can carry out, in their own or differential measurement chains, the observation, measurement or recording of the electroluminescence phenomenon produced differently by the two fields of observation.
3) Appareil et procédé pour la détermination de la viabilité des graines conformément à la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il utilise plusieurs capteurs (S', S"...Sn) qui enregistrent l'émission électroluminescente produite par l'excitation de la couche de luminophore (2) par chaque grains à part, les information étant recusillies par le coτιmutateur électronique (E) et comparées par (F) avec le niveau de haute tension produite par la source (A-C) appliquée aux bornes du dispositif d'enregistremsnt (D), les informations étant traitées statistiquement et affichées par l'unité de calcul (G), ou mémorisées dans l'unité de mémorisation (H).
3) Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seeds according to claim 1, characterized in that it uses several sensors (S ', S "... S n ) which record the electroluminescent emission produced by the excitation of the phosphor layer (2) by each grain apart, the information being collected by the electronic switch (E) and compared by (F) with the high voltage level produced by the source (AC) applied across the device recording (D), the information being processed statistically and displayed by the calculation unit (G), or stored in the storage unit (H).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8101446A FR2498415A1 (en) | 1981-01-27 | 1981-01-27 | APPARATUS FOR DETERMINING THE VIABILITY OF SEEDS OF PLANTS |
| FR8101446 | 1981-01-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0070280A1 true EP0070280A1 (en) | 1983-01-26 |
Family
ID=9254536
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19820900212 Withdrawn EP0070280A1 (en) | 1981-01-27 | 1982-01-04 | Apparatus and method for determining the viability of seeds |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0070280A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2498415A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1982002470A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATE19912T1 (en) * | 1982-02-23 | 1986-06-15 | Licencia Talalmanyokat | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE INTEGRITY OF SEEDS AND THEIR DEPENDENT GERMINATION. |
| FR2549962B1 (en) * | 1983-07-29 | 1985-11-22 | Claeys Luck | HUMIDIMETRY METHOD AND APPARATUS IN GRAIN BY GRAIN EXPLORATION |
| ES2178950B2 (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2005-02-01 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | SEED QUALITY ELECTRONIC ANALYZER. |
| RU2601055C1 (en) * | 2015-04-07 | 2016-10-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт электрификации сельского хозяйства" (ФГБНУ ВИЭСХ) | Method for determining germinating ability of seeds of agricultural plants |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU29785A1 (en) * | ||||
| US2712713A (en) * | 1950-02-23 | 1955-07-12 | Jonas Herbert | Method of treating seeds by high frequency fields |
| BE819999A (en) * | 1974-09-17 | 1975-01-16 | Method of assessing viability of seeds - involves passing electrical current through partially germinated seed | |
| FR2300506A1 (en) * | 1975-02-17 | 1976-09-10 | Equip Climatique Ste Europ | Germination control and preparation for storage of cereals - generator, sensors, cathode and anode |
| DE2618424A1 (en) * | 1975-05-05 | 1976-11-11 | Centrul Prot Igiena Muncii | METHOD FOR ELECTRONOGRAPHIC SCANNING OF LIVING ORGANISMS |
| US3994283A (en) * | 1975-05-14 | 1976-11-30 | Farley Glenn R | Glow pattern viewing cell and apparatus for living organisms |
-
1981
- 1981-01-27 FR FR8101446A patent/FR2498415A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-01-04 WO PCT/FR1982/000001 patent/WO1982002470A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-01-04 EP EP19820900212 patent/EP0070280A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8202470A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1982002470A1 (en) | 1982-08-05 |
| FR2498415A1 (en) | 1982-07-30 |
| FR2498415B1 (en) | 1984-04-27 |
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Inventor name: DUMITRESCU, IOAN FLORIN |