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EP0068301B1 - Générateur de vapeur avec foyer à lit fluidisé circulant, à pression atmosphérique ou suralimenté - Google Patents

Générateur de vapeur avec foyer à lit fluidisé circulant, à pression atmosphérique ou suralimenté Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0068301B1
EP0068301B1 EP82105260A EP82105260A EP0068301B1 EP 0068301 B1 EP0068301 B1 EP 0068301B1 EP 82105260 A EP82105260 A EP 82105260A EP 82105260 A EP82105260 A EP 82105260A EP 0068301 B1 EP0068301 B1 EP 0068301B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam generator
evaporator
fluidized bed
load
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82105260A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0068301B2 (fr
EP0068301A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Maintok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Anlagen AG
Priority to AT82105260T priority Critical patent/ATE10673T1/de
Publication of EP0068301A1 publication Critical patent/EP0068301A1/fr
Publication of EP0068301B1 publication Critical patent/EP0068301B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0068301B2 publication Critical patent/EP0068301B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0084—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements or dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed with recirculation of separated solids or with cooling of the bed particles outside the combustion bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a steam generator with circulating atmospheric or pressure-charged fluidized bed combustion consisting of a fluidized bed combustion chamber, fluid bed cooler and waste heat steam generator, in which feed water preheater, evaporator, superheater and reheater heating surfaces are arranged, the entire evaporator heating surface being distributed over at least one of the partial areas, one of which being divided into several areas Fluid bed cooler and arranged in the fluidized bed combustion chamber and a method for its regulation.
  • Methods for performing processes in a circulating atmospheric fluidized bed are e.g. known from DE-B No. 2539546 and DE-A No. 2624302. They offer the advantage that in addition to the combustion smoke gases, a second heat transfer medium, the internally and externally circulating bed material, is available for heat transfer purposes.
  • the invention is based on a steam generator of the type mentioned at the outset. It is based on the task of improving this steam generator by means of a special design of the evaporator which permits advantageous regulation of the steam generator.
  • heating surfaces arranged in the fluidized bed coolers are subjected to an increasing amount as the load increases and with a decreasing amount of circulating solid matter from the fluidized bed as the load decreases.
  • the heating surfaces of the steam generator according to the invention can be flowed through according to the natural circulation, forced circulation or forced circulation principle.
  • the design and distribution of the evaporator heating surfaces is carried out in such a way that the cooling and the stability of the flow are ensured and that temperature imbalances due to unfavorable distribution of the water / steam mixture are avoided.
  • the advantages associated with the invention are that the lowest partial loads of the steam generator are possible.
  • the steam generator can be regulated well by dividing the entire evaporator heating surface into two or more heating surfaces. Any deviations in the heat absorption of the evaporator heating surfaces can be easily corrected either by subsequently changing the solids supply to the fluid bed cooler or by increasing or reducing the easily accessible heating surfaces in the fluid bed cooler.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 show the system diagram of a steam generator according to the invention with circulating fluidized bed combustion.
  • the steam generator comprises a vortex combustion chamber 1, to which a coal / lime mixture is supplied via a line 2 and primary combustion air is supplied via floor nozzles 3 or lateral injection.
  • the coal / lime mixture can also be blown in directly by means of a primary air stream.
  • secondary combustion air is added via side nozzles 18.
  • the solids discharged with the gas from the vortex combustion chamber 1, which is essentially ash, are separated off in a recycle cyclone 4.
  • the return cyclone 4 is followed by two parallel solid lines 5 and 6, which open into the fluidized bed combustion chamber 1.
  • a fluid bed cooler 7 is provided in the one solid line 6, and a control element 8 is arranged in front of the solid inlet.
  • the separated solids are fed to the fluidized-bed combustion chamber 1 either directly via the solid line 5 or via the fluidized bed cooler 7.
  • the amount of solid flowing through the fluidized bed cooler 5 can be adjusted via the control element 8.
  • the gas emerging from the recycle cyclone 4 is fed to a heat recovery steam generator 9 after flowing through a further separator (not shown).
  • feed water preheaters 10 and superheaters 11 are arranged as secondary heating surfaces.
  • the total evaporator heating surface of the steam generator is distributed over two partial areas according to FIG. one of which is housed as a heating surface 13 in the fluidized bed cooler 7 and the other as a heating surface 12 in the fluidized bed combustion chamber 1.
  • This heating surface 12 can be designed as a bundle heating surface which is immersed in the fluidized bed.
  • the heating surface 12 can be represented by the cooled tube walls of the swirl combustion chamber.
  • the heating surface 12 arranged in the vortex combustion chamber 1 is switched as the first evaporator and connected to the feed water preheater 10.
  • the size of the evaporator partial heating surface, through which the heating surface 12 flows, is designed for the required low load of the steam generator in such a way that cooling and stability are ensured, and temperature imbalances due to unfavorable distribution of the water / steam mixture in the tubes of the heating surface 12 are avoided . In the case of light loads the necessary evaporation energy is transferred only via the heating surface 12.
  • the heat transfer surface required for full load beyond the low load is accommodated as heating surface 13 in the fluidized bed cooler 7.
  • the heating surface 13 can be designed as a tube bundle or as a gas-tight welded tube wall. The size of this heating surface 13 can be reduced or enlarged in a simple manner by removing or adding a heating surface.
  • the heating surface 13 flows through in the fluidized bed cooler 7 without heat being transferred.
  • bypass lines 19 the evaporator heating surfaces can be modified independently of one another.
  • the steam generated in the heating surface 12 of the fluidized bed combustion chamber 1 reaches the superheater 11 after flowing through the heating surface 13 of the fluidized bed cooler 7.
  • the steam thus overheated is fed to a high-pressure turbine (not shown).
  • the fluidized bed cooler 7 is provided in its bottom with a connection 14 for the supply of a fluidizing gas.
  • the solid entering the fluid bed cooler 7 when the control element 8 is open is fluidized by the gas and can transfer its heat to the heating surface 13.
  • the heat to be transferred to the heating surface 13 is regulated by the amount of the solid matter in such a way that the amount of solid matter increases as the load on the steam generator increases and decreases as the load decreases. This means that all areas between low load and full load can be set.
  • the heating surfaces 12, 13 of the evaporator are connected in series. This series connection is used when the steam generator is operated according to the forced flow principle.
  • FIG. 2 also shows the case in which a further partial evaporator heating surface is provided as heating surface 20 in the waste heat steam generator 9.
  • This possibility comes into consideration particularly when a low-calorific coal is burned in the swirl combustion chamber 1.
  • Another recycle cyclone 15 with fixed shock lines 5 and 6 is arranged symmetrically to the recycle cyclone 4 described.
  • the solid separated in the further recycle cyclone 15 is fed to a second fluid bed cooler 16, which is operated independently of the fluid bed cooler 7 described.
  • the heating surfaces can be arranged for single or double reheating 17.
  • the temperature of the reheated steam is regulated solely by the amount of the solid supplied. The temperature control required by conventional steam generators by injecting water into the steam can thus be dispensed with.
  • the invention has been explained on the basis of a circulating atmospheric fluidized bed combustion. However, it can also be used for a circulating, pressure-charged fluidized bed furnace.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Générateur de vapeur avec chauffe atmosphérique ou pressurisée à lit fluidisé en circulation, comprenant la chambre de combustion à lit fluidisé (1), les réfrigérants à lit fluide (7,16) et le générateur de vapeur par chaleur de récupération (9), dans lesquels sont disposées les surfaces de chauffe du réchauffeur d'eau d'alimentation (10), du vaporisateur (12, 13), du surchauffeur (11 ) et du resurchauffeur (17), l'ensemble de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur (12, 13) étant réparti sur plusieurs surfaces partielles, dont au moins une est disposée dans le réfrigérant à lit fluide (7) et dans la chambre de combustion à lit fluidisé (1 ), caractérisé par le fait que la surface partielle de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur dont les tubes sont parcourus les premiers est conçue pour la faible charge exigée du générateur de vapeur et que l'énergie d'évaporation dépassant la faible charge et allant jusqu'à la pleine charge est transmise par les autres surfaces partielles (13).
2. Générateur de vapeur conformément à la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait qu'une autre surface partielle (20) de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur est disposée dans le générateur de vapeur par chaleur de récupération (9).
3. Générateur de vapeur conformément à la revendication 1 ou aux revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que, en cas de marche du générateur de vapeur selon le principe de la circulation forcée en circuit ouvert, les surfaces partielles de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur sont disposées les unes après les autres par rapport au fluide parcourant les tubes.
4. Générateur de vapeur conformément à la revendication 1 ou aux revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé par le fait que, en cas de marche du générateur de vapeur selon le principe de la circulation naturelle ou selon le principe de la circulation forcée, les surfaces partielles de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur sont disposées en parallèle par rapport au fluide parcourant les tubes.
5. Dispositif conformément à une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu, en parallèle à chacune des surfaces partielles (12, 13, 20) de la surface de chauffe du vaporisateur, une conduite de contournement (19) pouvant être sectionnée.
6. Générateur de vapeur conformément à une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que, dans l'un des réfrigérants à lit fluide (16), ne sont disposées que les surfaces de chauffe pour une resurchauffe (17) respectivement simple ou double.
7. Procédé de réglage d'un générateur de vapeur conformément à une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé par le fait que les surfaces de chauffe disposées dans les réfrigérants à lit fluide sont alimentées par une quantité croissante, en charge croissante, et par une quantité décroissante, en charge décroissante, de particules solides en circulation provenant du lit fluidisé.
EP82105260A 1981-07-01 1982-06-16 Générateur de vapeur avec foyer à lit fluidisé circulant, à pression atmosphérique ou suralimenté Expired - Lifetime EP0068301B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82105260T ATE10673T1 (de) 1981-07-01 1982-06-16 Dampferzeuger mit zirkulierender atmosphaerischer oder druckaufgeladener wirbelschichtfeuerung sowie verfahren zu seiner regelung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3125849 1981-07-01
DE19813125849 DE3125849A1 (de) 1981-07-01 1981-07-01 Dampferzeuger mit zirkulierender atmosphaerischer oder druckaufgeladener wirbelschichtfeuerung sowie verfahren zu seiner regelung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0068301A1 EP0068301A1 (fr) 1983-01-05
EP0068301B1 true EP0068301B1 (fr) 1984-12-05
EP0068301B2 EP0068301B2 (fr) 1991-09-04

Family

ID=6135797

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82105260A Expired - Lifetime EP0068301B2 (fr) 1981-07-01 1982-06-16 Générateur de vapeur avec foyer à lit fluidisé circulant, à pression atmosphérique ou suralimenté

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4473032A (fr)
EP (1) EP0068301B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE10673T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU553068B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1190815A (fr)
DE (2) DE3125849A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK150166C (fr)
ZA (1) ZA824034B (fr)

Families Citing this family (25)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4672918A (en) * 1984-05-25 1987-06-16 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Circulating fluidized bed reactor temperature control
DE3688007D1 (de) * 1985-06-12 1993-04-22 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verbrennungsvorrichtung mit zirkulierender wirbelschicht.
US4665864A (en) * 1986-07-14 1987-05-19 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Steam generator and method of operating a steam generator utilizing separate fluid and combined gas flow circuits
DE3625373A1 (de) * 1986-07-26 1988-02-04 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Dampferzeuger mit zirkulierender atmosphaerischer oder druckaufgeladener wirbelschichtfeuerung, sowie verfahren zu seiner regelung
US4709663A (en) * 1986-12-09 1987-12-01 Riley Stoker Corporation Flow control device for solid particulate material
DE3642396A1 (de) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-16 Siemens Ag Dampferzeugeranlage mit einer zirkulierenden wirbelschicht
SE457015B (sv) * 1987-03-25 1988-11-21 Abb Stal Ab Kraftanlaeggning med foerbraenning i fluidiserad baedd
US4761131A (en) * 1987-04-27 1988-08-02 Foster Wheeler Corporation Fluidized bed flyash reinjection system
US4733621A (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-03-29 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Apparatus and methods for operating a fluidized bed reactor
US4777889A (en) * 1987-05-22 1988-10-18 Smith Richard D Fluidized bed mass burner for solid waste
JPH0629652B2 (ja) * 1987-07-13 1994-04-20 株式会社荏原製作所 流動床ボイラにおける燃焼制御装置
DE3800863A1 (de) * 1988-01-14 1989-07-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zum regeln der wasserdampferzeugung in einer verbrennungsanlage
DK120288D0 (da) * 1988-03-04 1988-03-04 Aalborg Boilers Fluidbed forbraendigsreaktor samt fremgangsmaade til drift af en fluidbed forbraendingsreaktor
JPH0642941B2 (ja) * 1988-11-02 1994-06-08 フォスター・ホイーラー・エナージイ・コーポレイション 一体型再循環熱交換器を有する流動床反応装置及びその操作方法
EP0455660B1 (fr) 1989-01-24 1993-08-11 A. Ahlstrom Corporation Systeme et methode pour la commande de temperature de vapeur de rechauffeur dans des chaudieres a couche fluidifiee
US4947804A (en) * 1989-07-28 1990-08-14 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Fluidized bed steam generation system and method having an external heat exchanger
SE9000603D0 (sv) * 1990-02-20 1990-02-20 Abb Stal Ab Saett och anordning foer att reglera effektuttag fraan foerbraenning i virvelbaedd
US5273000A (en) * 1992-12-30 1993-12-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Reheat steam temperature control in a circulating fluidized bed steam generator
FI945737A7 (fi) * 1994-12-05 1996-06-06 Ahlstroem Oy Menetelmä höyryn tulistuslämpötilan säätämiseksi kiertopetityyppisessä kaasunjäähdyttimessä
FI970438A0 (fi) 1996-12-19 1997-02-03 Kvaerner Pulping Oy Foerfarande i panna, saerskilt i sodapanna
US5784975A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-28 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Control scheme for large circulating fluid bed steam generators (CFB)
FR2767379B1 (fr) * 1997-08-18 1999-11-12 Gec Alsthom Stein Ind Chaudiere a lit fluidise dense externe
FI20010676A0 (fi) * 2001-04-02 2001-04-02 Einco Oy CSC-reaktori
JOP20210023A1 (ar) 2018-08-24 2021-01-31 Sumitomo SHI FW Energia Oy ترتيب وطريقة للتحكم في تدفق الجزيئات الصلبة ومفاعل الطبقة المميعة
CN114688546B (zh) * 2021-12-29 2023-01-10 浙江大学 一种可实现床温汽温双调的侧向布风的热灰回送流量控制装置及方法

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US3682139A (en) * 1971-06-15 1972-08-08 Paul A B Sahm Anti-pollution system for solid fuel-fired steam generating power plants
US4165717A (en) * 1975-09-05 1979-08-28 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Process for burning carbonaceous materials
DE2624302C2 (de) * 1976-05-31 1987-04-23 Metallgesellschaft Ag, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zur Durchführung exothermer Prozesse
CH637184A5 (de) * 1979-04-12 1983-07-15 Sulzer Ag Kombinierte waermekraftanlage mit einer gasturbinengruppe.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU553068B2 (en) 1986-07-03
DK150166B (da) 1986-12-22
CA1190815A (fr) 1985-07-23
DE3125849C2 (fr) 1988-10-27
ATE10673T1 (de) 1984-12-15
DK294282A (da) 1983-01-02
EP0068301B2 (fr) 1991-09-04
AU8504482A (en) 1983-01-06
DK150166C (da) 1987-11-09
US4473032A (en) 1984-09-25
EP0068301A1 (fr) 1983-01-05
DE3125849A1 (de) 1983-01-20
DE3261455D1 (en) 1985-01-17
ZA824034B (en) 1983-04-27

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