EP0066004A1 - Valve tappet - Google Patents
Valve tappet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0066004A1 EP0066004A1 EP81105521A EP81105521A EP0066004A1 EP 0066004 A1 EP0066004 A1 EP 0066004A1 EP 81105521 A EP81105521 A EP 81105521A EP 81105521 A EP81105521 A EP 81105521A EP 0066004 A1 EP0066004 A1 EP 0066004A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring zone
- soldering
- shielding element
- welding
- valve tappet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000273618 Sphenoclea zeylanica Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
Definitions
- the invention relates to a valve lifter with a hollow shaft and a base piece which has a running surface and which are connected to one another along an annular zone by welding or soldering by means of an energy beam.
- the invention further relates to a method for producing such a valve tappet. Any beam which is sufficiently energy-rich for welding or soldering and which can be produced with a defined cross-section can be considered as an energy beam; in particular, however, an electron or laser beam is used.
- Electron beam welded valve lifters of the type described above are known from DE-PS 27 03 015.
- the invention was therefore based on the object of demonstrating a way in which valve tappets with a hollow shaft and a bottom piece connected to it in a material-locking manner can be produced if the shaft and bottom piece cannot be connected to one another by more conventional methods, such as friction welding, because of the material pairing to be taken, whereby however at the same time the disadvantages of connecting with the aid of an energy beam described above should be avoidable.
- This object can be achieved with welding or soldering by means of an energy beam, in particular with electron beam or laser welding, according to the invention by arranging a shielding element inside the plunger, which is connected between each area of the ring zone, along which shaft and base piece are connected, and the this diametrically opposite ring zone area. It is only important that this shielding element prevents the energy beam penetrating the ram shaft wall from damaging the opposite ram area at the moment of welding or soldering, i. H.
- the procedure is such that at least during welding or soldering, a shielding element is arranged inside the plunger, which is at least always between the instantaneous welding or soldering point and the opposite ring zone area and thus prevents the energy beam from acting on this opposite ring zone area.
- a shielding element With valve tappets open at the top, one could think of inserting a shielding element into the valve tappet and removing it again after the welding or soldering process has ended; the shielding element could also be part of the shaft or base piece or have the shape of a veritable small screen which, together with the energy beam source, is rotated relative to the valve stem.
- the shielding element is in the form of a ring covering the ring zone from the inside, it being possible for this to be welded or soldered to the actual valve tappet.
- this pan can now be used at the same time as a shielding element, ie in other words, the shielding element is designed as a pan and expediently welded or soldered to the ring zone mentioned.
- the shielding element can be inserted into the valve stem stem before the stem and base piece are assembled, it is possible and advisable to let the shielding element rest against the inner wall of the stem and to provide the latter with a shoulder that overlaps the shielding element and secures it in the axial direction that the shielding element is secured in the axial direction between the shoulder and the base piece.
- the invention thus makes it possible to always work with such a high-energy beam that there is certainly an interface-free connection between the plunger shaft and the base piece, without the energy beam having to accept damage on the inside of the plunger shaft.
- a valve tappet according to the invention is not as prone to cracking in the area of the connection as valve tappets of the type in question, which have been welded with a sharply focused energy beam. If it is ensured that the connection extends over the entire wall thickness of the tappet shaft, a definite ultrasound test of the valve tappet can also be carried out, because otherwise an ultrasound test cannot distinguish between a crack and a point at which the weld has not been completely welded through .
- the invention is particularly suitable for valve tappets in which the tappet shaft consists of case-hardening steel and the base piece consists of tool steel or high-speed steel.
- a metallic part is expediently used as the shielding element.
- the invention is also suitable for valve tappets in which a particularly wear-resistant base piece consists of a ceramic material, in particular one of the known oxide ceramics.
- a base piece can namely be connected to the shaft by soldering, expediently proceeding in such a way that the surface area of the base piece to be connected to the shaft is first coated with a thin metal layer by vapor deposition and then soldered to the shaft by means of an energy beam.
- the first embodiment according to FIG. 1 has a shaft 10 which is closed at the top and is provided with a ball socket (not shown) for supporting a push rod.
- the essentially circular cylindrical shaft wall 12 is placed on a likewise circular cylindrical extension 14 of a plate-shaped base piece 16 and welded to this extension along an annular ring zone 18.
- a metallic protective ring 22 is inserted into the plunger cavity 20, which in particular likewise has the shape of a hollow circular cylinder and lies tightly against the inner peripheral surfaces of the shaft wall 12 and of the base piece attachment 14.
- the inside of the shaft wall 12 forms an annular shoulder 26, between which and the base piece 16 the protective ring 22 is held in the axial direction.
- the base piece 16 forms a tread 30 for a cam (not shown), this base piece must be as wear-resistant as possible, which is why it preferably consists of a tool or high-speed steel. On the other hand, for reasons of cost, it is advisable to produce the shaft 10 from case hardening steel using the cold extrusion process.
- the protective ring 22 is inserted into the base piece 16 and then the stem 10 is pushed on.
- the parts then pass through an electron-steel welding device which is provided with a lock in front of the actual welding station in order to be able to bring the parts into a vacuum for the welding process.
- a Electron beam 40 is directed in the radial direction onto the ring zone 18, whereupon the valve lifter and the electron beam are rotated relative to one another about the longitudinal axis of the plunger such that the electron beam 40 runs around the plunger.
- the energy of the electron beam 40 is chosen so large that it completely penetrates the shaft wall 12 or the extension 14, but not twice the wall thickness of the protective ring 22, so that no damage to the ring zone 18 can occur in the area of the welding is currently being machined welded. In this way, not only is the ring zone 18 welded through, but the protective ring 22 is also welded to the shaft 10 or the base piece 16.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a shaft 10 'which is open at the top and differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that a ball socket 22' was used as the shielding element, which in the same way as the protective ring 22 in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 held between the shaft 10 'and a base piece 16' and when the two parts 10 ', 16' are welded along an annular zone 18 'in the region of this annular zone, the two parts 10', 16 'are welded.
- a base piece 16 "to be connected to a hollow shaft 10 ′′ is to consist of an oxide ceramic which is distinguished by great wear resistance.
- a cylindrical extension 14" of the base piece is at least in the area of its upper end face Vapor deposition has been provided with a metal layer 52 ", so that by inserting a solder foil 50"
- damage to the soldered connection is in which the mo to avoid - mentanen solder opposite area "is inserted, which is characterized by inserting a brazing sheet 54 ', a protective ring 22 can be at least with the shaft wall 12" connect.
- the shielding element can serve as a centering piece when assembling the shaft and base piece before welding.
- the wall thickness of the shielding element must of course be chosen depending on the material used so that it does its job, i. H. can prevent the selected energy beam from causing damage at the point opposite the current welding or soldering point.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventilstössel mit einem hohlen Schaft und einem eine Lauffläche aufweisenden Bodenstück, welche längs einer Ringzone durch Schweißen oder Löten mittels eines Energiestrahls miteinander verbunden sind. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Ventilstössels. Als Energiestrahl kommt jeder für das Schweissen oder Löten hinreichend energiereiche Strahl, welcher sich mit einem definierten Querschnitt erzeugen läßt, in Frage; insbesondere wird aber ein Elektronen- oder Laserstrahl verwendet.The invention relates to a valve lifter with a hollow shaft and a base piece which has a running surface and which are connected to one another along an annular zone by welding or soldering by means of an energy beam. The invention further relates to a method for producing such a valve tappet. Any beam which is sufficiently energy-rich for welding or soldering and which can be produced with a defined cross-section can be considered as an energy beam; in particular, however, an electron or laser beam is used.
Elektronenstrahlgeschweißte Ventilstössel der vorstehend geschilderten Art sind aus der DE-PS 27 03 015 bekannt.Electron beam welded valve lifters of the type described above are known from DE-PS 27 03 015.
Beim Verbinden des hohlen Schafts mit dem Bodenstück durch Schweißen mittels eines Energiestrahls, insbesondere eines Elektronenstrahls, treten ab und zu Schwierigkeiten auf, die im Betrieb eines mit solchen Ventilstösseln versehenen Verbrennungsmotors zu einem Bruch eines Ventilstössels im Bereich der Schweißnaht führen können. Wählt man nämlich die Energie des Elektronen-oder Laserstrahls zu nieder, so besteht die Gefahr, daß der Innenwandbereich des Ventilstösselschafts nicht mehr einwandfrei mit dem Bodenstück verschweißt wird, was einen einen Dauerbruch begüngstigenden Kerbeffekt zur Folge hat. Arbeitet man hingegen mit einem zu energiereichen Elektronen-oder Laserstrahl, so hat dies zur Folge, daß der Energiestrahl, von außen kommend, nicht nur - wie erwünscht - den gerade bearbeiteten Ringzonenbereich durchdringt, sondern auch noch auf die Innenseite des diametral gegenüberliegenden Ringzonenbereichs einwirkt und dort, sofern bereits geschweißt, zu Schädigungen führt, die ähnlich einem Kerbeffekt gleichfalls zu einem Dauerbruch führen können. Es versteht sich, daß ähnliches für das Verbinden von Schaft und -Bodenstück durch Löten mittels eines Energiestrahls gilt; ein solcher wird zum Löten dann verwendet, wenn man eine Erwärmung größerer Bereiche der beiden miteinander zu verbindenen Teile vermeiden will. Die geschilderte, mit der Verwendung eines energiereichen Elektronen- oder Laserstrahls verbundene Gefahr ist deshalb besonders störend, weil man an sich einen energiereichen Strahl vorziehen würde, da er nicht so stark fokussiert werden müßte - ein stark fokussierter Energiestrahl erfordert eine äußert genaue Positionierung z. B. des Schweißgeräts relativ zu den Werkstücken, und die außerordentlich schmale Schweißzone führt auch zum Entstehen verhältnismäßig starker Spannungen im Material beidseits der Schweißnaht, wodurch die Bruchgefahr weiter erhöht wird.When connecting the hollow shaft to the base piece by welding by means of an energy beam, in particular an electron beam, difficulties arise from time to time which can lead to the breakage of a valve tappet in the area of the weld seam during operation of an internal combustion engine provided with such valve tappets. If one chooses the energy of the electron or laser beam too low, there is the danger that the inner wall area of the valve stem shaft is no longer welded properly to the base piece, which results in a notch effect which promotes fatigue fracture. On the other hand, if you work with an electron beam or laser beam that is too high in energy, this has the consequence that the energy coming from the outside, not only penetrates the ring zone area just machined, as desired, but also acts on the inside of the diametrically opposite ring zone area and, if already welded, leads to damage which, similar to a notch effect, can also lead to permanent fracture . It goes without saying that the same applies to the connection of the shaft and base piece by soldering by means of an energy beam; Such is used for soldering if you want to avoid heating larger areas of the two parts to be connected. The described risk associated with the use of an energy-rich electron or laser beam is particularly annoying because one would prefer an energy-rich beam in itself, since it would not have to be focused so strongly - a highly focused energy beam requires extremely precise positioning e.g. B. the welding machine relative to the workpieces, and the extremely narrow welding zone also leads to the emergence of relatively strong stresses in the material on both sides of the weld, whereby the risk of breakage is further increased.
Der Erfindung lag deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Weg aufzuzeigen, wie Ventilstössel mit einem hohlen Schaft und einem damit stoffschlüssig verbundenen Bodenstück hergestellt werden können, wenn sich Schaft und Bodenstück wegen der zu treffenden Werkstoffpaarung nicht durch konventionellere Methoden wie beispielsweise Reibschweißen miteinander verbinden lassen, wobei jedoch gleichzeitig die vorstehend beschriebenen Nachteile des Verbindens unter Zuhilfenahme eines Energiestrahls vermeidbar sein sollen.The invention was therefore based on the object of demonstrating a way in which valve tappets with a hollow shaft and a bottom piece connected to it in a material-locking manner can be produced if the shaft and bottom piece cannot be connected to one another by more conventional methods, such as friction welding, because of the material pairing to be taken, whereby however at the same time the disadvantages of connecting with the aid of an energy beam described above should be avoidable.
Diese Aufgabe läßt sich mit Schweißen oder Löten mittels eines Energiestrahls, insbesonder mit Elektronenstrahl-oder Laser-Schweißen erfindungsgemäß dadurch lösen, daß im Stösselinnern ein Abschirmelement angeordnet wird, welches zwischen jedem Bereich der Ringzone, längs welcher Schaft und Bodenstück miteinander verbunden sind, und dem diesem diametral gegenüberliegenden Ringzonenbereich liegt. Dabei kommt es nur darauf an, daß dieses Abschirmelement im Augenblick des Schweißens oder Lötens verhindert, daß der die Stösselschaftwand durchdringende Energiestrahl den gegenüberliegenden Stösselbereich schädigt, d. h. erfindungsgemäß wird so vorgegangen, daß zumindest während des Schweißens oder Lötens im Stösselinnern ein Abschirmelement angeordnet wird, welches mindestens immer zwischen der momentanen Schweiß- bzw. Lötstelle und dem gegenüberliegenden Ringzonenbereich liegt und so eine Einwirkung des Energiestrahls auf diesen gegenüberliegenden Ringzonenbereich -verhindert. Bei oben offenen Ventilstösseln könnte man also daran denken, ein Abschirmelement in den Ventilstössel einzuführen und es nach Beendigung des Schweiß- bzw. Lötvorgangs wieder zu entfernen; auch könnte das Abschirmelement Bestandteil des Schafts oder Bodenstücks sein oder die Form eines regelrechten kleinen Schirms haben, der zusammen mit der Energiestrahlquelle relativ zum Ventilstössel gedreht wird.This object can be achieved with welding or soldering by means of an energy beam, in particular with electron beam or laser welding, according to the invention by arranging a shielding element inside the plunger, which is connected between each area of the ring zone, along which shaft and base piece are connected, and the this diametrically opposite ring zone area. It is only important that this shielding element prevents the energy beam penetrating the ram shaft wall from damaging the opposite ram area at the moment of welding or soldering, i. H. According to the invention, the procedure is such that at least during welding or soldering, a shielding element is arranged inside the plunger, which is at least always between the instantaneous welding or soldering point and the opposite ring zone area and thus prevents the energy beam from acting on this opposite ring zone area. With valve tappets open at the top, one could think of inserting a shielding element into the valve tappet and removing it again after the welding or soldering process has ended; the shielding element could also be part of the shaft or base piece or have the shape of a veritable small screen which, together with the energy beam source, is rotated relative to the valve stem.
Am einfachsten ist es jedoch, wenn das Abschirmelement die Form eines die Ringzone von innen her abdeckenden Rings aufweist, wobei dieser mit dem eigentlichen Ventilstössel verschweißt bzw. verlötet sein kann.It is simplest, however, if the shielding element is in the form of a ring covering the ring zone from the inside, it being possible for this to be welded or soldered to the actual valve tappet.
Bei Ventilstösseln mit einem oben offenen Schaft und einer im Ventilstössel liegenden Pfanne für die Abstützung einer Stösselstange kann man nun diese Pfanne gleichzeitig als Abschirmelement heranziehen, d. h. mit anderen Worten, das Abschirmelement wird als Pfanne ausgebildet und zweckmäßigerweise mit der erwähnten Ringzone verschweißt bzw. verlötet.In the case of valve lifters with an open shaft and a pan in the valve lifter for supporting a push rod, this pan can now be used at the same time as a shielding element, ie in other words, the shielding element is designed as a pan and expediently welded or soldered to the ring zone mentioned.
Da man das Abschirmelement vor dem Zusammensetzen von Schaft und Bodenstück in den Ventilstösselschaft einführen kann, ist es möglich und empfehlenswert, das Abschirmelement gegen die Schaftinnenwand anliegen zu lassen und die letztere mit einer das Abschirmelement übergreifenden und dieses in axialer Richtung sichernden Schulter zu versehen, so daß das Abschirmelement zwischen der Schulter und dem Bodenstück in axialer Richtung gesichert ist.Since the shielding element can be inserted into the valve stem stem before the stem and base piece are assembled, it is possible and advisable to let the shielding element rest against the inner wall of the stem and to provide the latter with a shoulder that overlaps the shielding element and secures it in the axial direction that the shielding element is secured in the axial direction between the shoulder and the base piece.
Die Erfindung ermöglicht es also, stets mit einem so energiereichen Strahl zu arbeiten, daß mit Sicherheit eine grenzflächenfreie Verbindung zwischen Stösselschaft und Bodenstück entsteht, ohne daß auf der Innenseite des Stösselschafts Schädigungen durch den Energiestrahl in Kauf genommen werden müssen. Außerdem kann nun mit einem breiteren Energiestrahl gearbeitet werden, so daß ein erfindungsgemäßer Ventilstössel im Bereich der Verbindung nicht so rißgefährdet ist, wie dies Ventilstössel der in Rede stehenden Art sind, welche mit einem scharf fokussierten Energiestrahl geschweißt worden sind. Wenn gewährleistet ist, daß sich die Verbindung über die gesamte Wandstärke des Stösselschafts erstreckt, läßt sich auch eine eindeutige Ultraschallprüfung der Ventilstössel durchführen, denn sonst kann man bei einer Ultraschallprüfung nicht zwischen einem Riß und einer Stelle unterscheiden, an der lediglich nicht ganz durchgeschweißt worden ist.The invention thus makes it possible to always work with such a high-energy beam that there is certainly an interface-free connection between the plunger shaft and the base piece, without the energy beam having to accept damage on the inside of the plunger shaft. In addition, it is now possible to work with a wider energy beam, so that a valve tappet according to the invention is not as prone to cracking in the area of the connection as valve tappets of the type in question, which have been welded with a sharply focused energy beam. If it is ensured that the connection extends over the entire wall thickness of the tappet shaft, a definite ultrasound test of the valve tappet can also be carried out, because otherwise an ultrasound test cannot distinguish between a crack and a point at which the weld has not been completely welded through .
Die Erfindung eignet sich besonders für Ventilstössel, bei denen der Stösselschaft aus einem Einsatzstahl und das Bodenstück aus einem Werkzeugstahl oder einem Schnellarbeitsstahl besteht. Als Abschirmelement verwendet man zweckmäßigerweise ein metallisches Teil.The invention is particularly suitable for valve tappets in which the tappet shaft consists of case-hardening steel and the base piece consists of tool steel or high-speed steel. A metallic part is expediently used as the shielding element.
Die Erfindung eignet sich auch für Ventilstössel, bei denen ein besonders verschleißfestes Bodenstück aus einem keramischen Werkstoff, insbesondere einer der bekannten Oxidkeramiken, besteht. Ein solches Bodenstück läßt sich nämlich mit dem Schaft durch Löten verbinden, wobei zweckmäßigerweise so vorgegangen wird, daß der mit dem Schaft zu verbindende Oberflächenbereich des Bodenstücks zunächst durch Bedampfen mit einer dünnen Metallschicht überzogen und dann mittels eines Energiestrahls mit dem Schaft verlötet wird.The invention is also suitable for valve tappets in which a particularly wear-resistant base piece consists of a ceramic material, in particular one of the known oxide ceramics. Such a base piece can namely be connected to the shaft by soldering, expediently proceeding in such a way that the surface area of the base piece to be connected to the shaft is first coated with a thin metal layer by vapor deposition and then soldered to the shaft by means of an energy beam.
Im folgenden soll anhand dreier bevorzugter Ausführungsformen die Erfindung noch näher erläutert werden; die beiliegende Zeichnung zeigt in
- Figur 1 die erste Ausführungsform in Seitenansicht und teilweise im Längsschnitt;
- Figur 2 einen Längsschnitt durch die zweite Ausführungsform;
- Figur 3 einen Längsschnitt durch die untere Hälfte der dritten'Ausführungsform, und in
- Figur 4 den Ausschnitt "A" aus Figur 3 in größerem Maßstab.
- Figure 1 shows the first embodiment in side view and partially in longitudinal section;
- Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through the second embodiment;
- 3 shows a longitudinal section through the lower half of the third embodiment, and in
- Figure 4 shows the detail "A" from Figure 3 on a larger scale.
Die erste Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 hat einen Schaft 10, der oben geschlossen und mit einer nicht dargestellten Kugelpfanne für die Abstützung einer Stösselstange versehen ist. Die im wesentlichen kreiszylindrisch ausgebildete Schaftwand 12 ist auf einen ebenfalls kreiszylindrischen Ansatz 14 eines tellerförmig ausgebildeten Bodenstücks 16 aufgesetzt und mit diesem Ansatz längs einer kreisringförmigen Ringzone 18 verschweißt.The first embodiment according to FIG. 1 has a
Erfindungsgemäß ist in den Stösselhohlraum 20 ein metallischer Schutzring 22 eingesetzt, der insbesondere ebenfalls die Gestalt eines hohlen Kreiszylinders besitzt und dicht-an den Innenumfangsflächen der Schaftwand 12 und des Bodenstück-Ansatzes 14 anliegt. Nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung bildet die Innenseite der Schaftwand 12 eine Ringschulter 26, zwischen der und dem Bodenstück 16 der Schutzring 22 in axialer Richtung gehalten wird.According to the invention, a metallic
Da das Bodenstück 16 eine Lauffläche 30 für einen nicht dargestellten Nocken .bildet, muß dieses Bodenstück möglichst verschleißfest sein, weshalb es bevorzugt aus einem Werkzeug- oder Schnellstahl besteht. Hingegen empfiehlt es sich aus Kostengründen, den Schaft 10 aus Einsatzstahl im Kaltfließpressverfahren herzustellen.Since the
Zur Herstellung des in Figur 1 gezeigten Ventilstössels wird der Schutzring 22 in das Bodenstück 16 eingesetzt und dann der Schaft 10 aufgesteckt. Die Teile durchlaufen dann eine Elektronenstahl-Schweißvorrichtung, die vor der eigentlichen Schweißstation mit einer Schleuse versehen ist, um die Teile für den Schweißvorgang in ein Vakuum bringen zu können. In der Schweißstation wird ein Elektronenstrahl 40 in radialer Richtung auf die Ringzone 18 gerichtet, worauf Ventilstössel und Elektronenstrahl um die Stössellängsachse so relativ zueinander gedreht werden, daß der Elektronenstrahl 40 um den Stössel herumläuft.To produce the valve lifter shown in FIG. 1, the
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Energie des Elektronenstrahls 40 so groß gewählt, daß er die Schaftwand 12 bzw. den Ansatz 14 vollständig durchdringt, nicht jedoch die doppelte Wandstärke des Schutzrings 22, so daß beim Schweißen keine Schädigung der Ringzone 18 in demjenigen Bereich auftreten kann, der der gerade bearbeiteten Schweißstelle gegenüberliegt. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur die Ringzone 18 durchgeschweißt, sondern der Schutzring 22 wird auch noch mit dem Schaft 10 bzw. dem Bodenstück 16 verschweißt.According to the invention, the energy of the
Die Ausführungsform nach Figur 2 weist einen oben offenen Schaft 10' auf und unterscheidet sich im übrigen von der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 dadurch, daß als Abschirmelement eine Kugelpfanne 22' verwendet wurde, die in gleicher Weise wie der Schutzring 22 bei der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 zwischen dem Schaft 10' und einem Bodenstück 16' gehalten und beim Verschweißen der beiden Teile 10', 16' längs einer Ringzone 18' im Bereich dieser Ringzone mit den beiden Teilen 10', 16' verschweißt wird.The embodiment according to FIG. 2 has a shaft 10 'which is open at the top and differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in that a ball socket 22' was used as the shielding element, which in the same way as the
Bei der Ausführungsform nach den Figuren 3 und 4 soll ein mit einem hohlen Schaft 10'' zu verbindendes Bodenstück 16" aus einer Oxidkeramik bestehen, die sich durch große Verschleißfestigkeit auszeichnet. Ein zylindrischer Ansatz 14" des Bodenstücks ist mindestens im Bereich seiner oberen Stirnfläche durch Bedampfen mit einer Metallschicht 52" versehen worden, so daß durch Einlegen einer Lötfolie 50'' aus geeignetem Lot mit Hilfe eines Energiestrahls wie eines Elektronen- oder Laserstrahls durch nur örtliches Erwärmen das Bodenstück 16" mit dem metallischem Schaft 10" verlötet werden kann. Auch bei dieser Ausführungsform ist zur Vermeidung einer Schädigung der Lötverbindung in dem der mo- mentanen Lötstelle gegenüberliegenden Bereich ein Schutzring 22" eingelegt, der sich durch Einlegen einer Lötfolie 54" zumindest mit der Schaftwand 12" verbinden läßt.In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, a
Sitzt der Schutzring 22 bzw.die Kugelpfanne 22' in radialer Richtung spielfrei im Stösselinnern, so kann das Abschirmelement als Zentrierstück beim Zusammensetzen von Schaft und Bodenstück vor dem Schweißen dienen.If the
Die Wandstärke des Abschirmelements muß natürlich in Abhängigkeit vom verwendeten Material so gewählt werden, daß es seine Aufgabe erfüllen, d. h. verhindern kann, daß der gewählte Energiestrahl an der der momentanen Schweiß- oder Lötstelle gegenüberliegenden Stelle zu einer Schädigung führt.The wall thickness of the shielding element must of course be chosen depending on the material used so that it does its job, i. H. can prevent the selected energy beam from causing damage at the point opposite the current welding or soldering point.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81105521T ATE19289T1 (en) | 1981-05-29 | 1981-07-14 | VALVE TAPPET. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813121296 DE3121296A1 (en) | 1981-05-29 | 1981-05-29 | VALVE TURBLE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3121296 | 1981-05-29 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0066004A1 true EP0066004A1 (en) | 1982-12-08 |
| EP0066004B1 EP0066004B1 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
Family
ID=6133441
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81105521A Expired EP0066004B1 (en) | 1981-05-29 | 1981-07-14 | Valve tappet |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0066004B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE19289T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3121296A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3434529A1 (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-07-25 | J. Wizemann Gmbh U. Co, 7000 Stuttgart | Method for producing a metallic composite object |
| FR2651452A1 (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-03-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A VALVE |
| RU2179249C2 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2002-02-10 | Ооо "Дизель" | Valve tappet of internal combustion engine and method of its manufacture |
| US6762555B1 (en) | 1998-06-01 | 2004-07-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Photomultiplier tube and radiation detector |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07652Y2 (en) * | 1988-07-13 | 1995-01-11 | 富士バルブ株式会社 | Hydraulic valve lash adjuster |
| JPH072967Y2 (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1995-01-30 | 富士バルブ株式会社 | Hydraulic valve lash adjuster |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR750796A (en) * | 1932-02-20 | 1933-08-18 | Sulzer Ag | Process of joining tubes by welding |
| DE2526656A1 (en) * | 1975-06-14 | 1976-12-23 | Wizemann & Co J | Valve rod for IC engine - has hollow shaft electron welded to base of harder material |
| FR2378600A1 (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1978-08-25 | Wizemann Gmbh & Co J | Valve push-rod assembly suitable for diesel engines - where rod shaft and its base are joined by electron beam welding |
| US4279655A (en) * | 1979-01-04 | 1981-07-21 | Garvie Ronald C | Partially stabilized zirconia ceramics |
-
1981
- 1981-05-29 DE DE19813121296 patent/DE3121296A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-07-14 AT AT81105521T patent/ATE19289T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-07-14 EP EP81105521A patent/EP0066004B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-07-14 DE DE8181105521T patent/DE3174394D1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR750796A (en) * | 1932-02-20 | 1933-08-18 | Sulzer Ag | Process of joining tubes by welding |
| DE2526656A1 (en) * | 1975-06-14 | 1976-12-23 | Wizemann & Co J | Valve rod for IC engine - has hollow shaft electron welded to base of harder material |
| FR2378600A1 (en) * | 1977-01-26 | 1978-08-25 | Wizemann Gmbh & Co J | Valve push-rod assembly suitable for diesel engines - where rod shaft and its base are joined by electron beam welding |
| US4279655A (en) * | 1979-01-04 | 1981-07-21 | Garvie Ronald C | Partially stabilized zirconia ceramics |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3434529A1 (en) * | 1983-10-21 | 1985-07-25 | J. Wizemann Gmbh U. Co, 7000 Stuttgart | Method for producing a metallic composite object |
| FR2651452A1 (en) * | 1989-09-06 | 1991-03-08 | Daimler Benz Ag | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A VALVE |
| US6762555B1 (en) | 1998-06-01 | 2004-07-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Photomultiplier tube and radiation detector |
| RU2179249C2 (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2002-02-10 | Ооо "Дизель" | Valve tappet of internal combustion engine and method of its manufacture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3174394D1 (en) | 1986-05-22 |
| EP0066004B1 (en) | 1986-04-16 |
| ATE19289T1 (en) | 1986-05-15 |
| DE3121296A1 (en) | 1982-12-23 |
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