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EP0061992B1 - Hochspannungs-Blaskolbenschalter - Google Patents

Hochspannungs-Blaskolbenschalter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0061992B1
EP0061992B1 EP19820730040 EP82730040A EP0061992B1 EP 0061992 B1 EP0061992 B1 EP 0061992B1 EP 19820730040 EP19820730040 EP 19820730040 EP 82730040 A EP82730040 A EP 82730040A EP 0061992 B1 EP0061992 B1 EP 0061992B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compression
circuit
movable
nozzle
fixed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19820730040
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0061992A2 (de
EP0061992A3 (en
Inventor
Ernst Slamecka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19813113325 external-priority patent/DE3113325A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19813124075 external-priority patent/DE3124075A1/de
Priority claimed from DE19823201646 external-priority patent/DE3201646A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0061992A2 publication Critical patent/EP0061992A2/de
Publication of EP0061992A3 publication Critical patent/EP0061992A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0061992B1 publication Critical patent/EP0061992B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/884—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts with variable-area piston
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/907—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using tandem pistons, e.g. several compression volumes being modified in conjunction or sequential
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/905—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the compression volume being formed by a movable cylinder and a semi-mobile piston

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a high-voltage gas-blast puffer-type circuit-breaker according to the precharacterizing features of claim 1.
  • the nozzles exhibit a rather rudimentary shape, impairing thus the gas flow.
  • Both nozzles are made of electrically conductive material. This feature in particular brings about basically at higher rated voltages an unfavorable effect.
  • the extension of the axial distance between the nozzles on the one hand necessary for increasing the dielectric resistance to breakdown at higher rated voltages reduces, on the other hand, the velocity of the gas flow in the ring duct between the nozzles.
  • hot arc plasma may penetrate into the gas compression space and impair therein the dielectric quality of the quenching gas.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the afore mentioned circuit-breaker in the range described above.
  • a high-voltage gas-blast puffer-type circuit-breaker comprises:
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of a circuit-breaker constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • the specific feature represents the stationary dual-blast nozzle arrangement with one nozzle made of electrically conductive material whereas the opposite nozzle consists of electrically insulating material.
  • the circuit-breaker is illustrated in three switching positions: closed, arc quenching, open,
  • Fig. 2 shows a view similar to that of Fig. 1 but showing the embodiment improved by a dual- cylinder high-performance compression system characterized by a fixed and a movable piston.
  • the circuit-breaker is illustrated in the closed and open positions,
  • Fig. 3 shows a preferred clicking system for the movable compression piston according to Fig. 2.
  • gas compression system gas flow system
  • system for carrying the continuous and short time current system for carrying the arc current
  • dielectric system system for carrying the arc current
  • actuating system system for carrying the arc current
  • the gas compression employed here is of single-acting type. It is realized in the volume 1 made up by the movable compression cylinder 3 with a cap 2 fixed at its front end and the fixed compression piston 4 at the other end. Further the walls of the volume 1 also comprise the external surfaces of the nozzles 5, 6, the pipe 7 for carrying one part of the down stream gas flow, the arcing contact tube 8 and the filling component consisting of the electrically conductive member 10b and at the front side thereof the electrically insulating member 10a.
  • the compression piston 4 as well as the filler and the insulating nozzle 6 are mounted on the pipe 9 provided for carrying the other part of the down stream gas flow.
  • a movable flat ring 11 serves as a valve, in conjunction with a spring, however, being not shown here. Said valve closes the compression volume 1 when during an opening operation the inside pressure exceeds the outside pressure.
  • valve opens thus making possible a refilling of the volume 1.
  • the pressure of the arc quenching gas may be controlled by the overlapping length between the arcing contact tube 8 and the electrically conductive nozzle 5.
  • the gas flow starts during an opening operation as soon as the arcing contact tube 8 separates from the inside surface of the electrically conductive nozzle 5.
  • the gas flow can make use only of the full cross-section of the electrically conductive nozzle.
  • the gas flow is controlled by the smaller cross-section of the arcing contact tube being shaped like a nozzle, too.
  • the interruption of short-circuit currents needs a longer arc length due to the increased input of thermal energy into the gap.
  • the reduced gas flow offers the advantage of a reduced arc power due to reduced arc cooling until the minimum arc length. Beyond this arc length the throat of the insulating nozzle is cleared by the retracting arcing contact enabling its full participation in the arc quenching process. Such an arc quenching position is illustrated in the figure.
  • the tube 8 of the movable arcing contact is connected by means of the ribs 14 with the sliding and guiding cylinder 15 transmitting at the same time the current to the contact fingers 24. From the electrically conductive nozzle 5 the gas flows through the pipe 7 into the adjacent support pipe 16. This pipe is connected with the end flange of the porcelain housing, not visible in the drawing.
  • the quenching gas escaping the electrically insulating nozzle 6 passes first into the pipe 9, and further, not visible in the drawing, into the gear box.
  • quenching gas can escape through longitudinal slots 18 in the pipe 9.
  • a screening cylinder 20 can be provided, for protecting the surface of the porcelain housing 17 from hot gases.
  • This contact system consists of two fixed contact pieces and a movable contact bridge.
  • One of the fixed contacts is realized by elastic contact fingers on the support 21.
  • the other fixed contact piece is represented by the down stream gas pipe 9.
  • the movable contact bridge between the two fixed contacts pieces is made up as follows: On the outer surface of the compression cylinder 3 of insulating material a copper tube 23 is shrink fitted. At the one end of the contact tube the contact fingers are resting.
  • the other end of the contact tube is connected electrically with the movable contact fingers 24 by means of the structural component 19. Due to this arrangement of the contact system outside the compression cylinder 3 it is protected against all sorts of influences of the arc and hot gases.
  • This contact system consists of the surface of the throat of the electrically conductive nozzle 5 and the outer surface of the movable contact tube. 8. Where necessary the transition of the current between the arc contacts can easily be further improved by application of contact ribs 26 inside of the nozzle. The influence of such ribs on the gas flow is small.
  • the arcing contact system After building up an appropriate gas pressure in the volume 1 and commutation of the current the arcing contacts separate.
  • the arcing contact system exhibits the advantage that the arc drawn is immediately exposed to the gas flow preparing its interruption.
  • the dynamic dielectric system consists of the stationary electrically conductive nozzle 5 and the arcing contact tube 8.
  • the influence of the field grading electrodes becomes more and more relevant.
  • the ring electrode 28 is attached to the rim of the cylinder 25.
  • the arcing contact 8 is electrically screened by the ring electrode 29 attached to one end of the contact tube 23 on the compression cylinder 3.
  • this system Belonging to the open position of the circuit-breaker this system is characterized by the electrically conductive nozzle 5 with the appropriate field grading electrode 28 at one side of the open gap and the metallic filler 10b at the other side.
  • the optimization in particular of the static dielectric system can be implemented independently of the optimization of the gas flow system.
  • This feature in combination with electrodes of large surface at both sides of the gap may be deemed as a considerable progress in the technique of stationary dual-blast nozzle arrangements.
  • the actuating energy for the movable contact pieces and compression cylinder is transmitted from the operating mechanism through a gearing-both not shown in the figure-by means of two rods 30 being pivotally fixed at 31.
  • the example given describes the interrupting chamber of an outdoor life-tank type circuit-breaker. Accordingly the housing 17 is realized by a porcelain vessel having at both ends connecting flanges, not shown in the drawing.
  • a cap providing an expansion volume for the hot gas and serving outside the terminals to connecting the circuit-breaker to the bus conductor.
  • the porcelain cylinder is connected by its flange to the gear box of the circuit-breaker in the case of a two- or three-unit per pole type.
  • the single-acting gas compression system shown in Fig. 1 has now been improved by the introduction of a dual- acting gas compression system of high performance.
  • the gas compression being decisive for the current interruption is realized in the first compression volume 1. It surrounds the dual-nozzle arrangement during the precompression and arcing period.
  • a contact tube 23 In the same manner as with the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 to the compression cylinder 3, being called here the first one, is attached a contact tube 23. However, this contact tube now makes up additionally together with the compression cylinder 3 a channel 32 for the gas communication between the first 1 and the second 33 gas volume.
  • a check valve 42 controls the gas flow through the openings 38 being possible only in the direction from the volume 33 to the volume 1.
  • the actuating rods 30 move the contact pieces 23 and 8 in connection with the compression cylinders (3, 34) into the opening direction. Thereafter the gas pressure rises in both volumes 1, 33, however, with different rates of rise. Due to its comparatively smaller height the rate of rise of the gas pressure in the volume 33 is superior to that in the volume 1. Hence a flow of gas is forced from volume 33 into the volume 1.
  • the rate of precompression is about 1.7. Inspite of this comparatively high compression rate the total stroke of the compression and contact system is only 180 mm.
  • the compression system according to the invention can be easily designed to provide quenching gas even after the release of the gas flow into the nozzles thus compensating the pressure drop.
  • This feature is of high importance for restrike free switching of capacitive currents at very high voltages.
  • Fig. 3 there is illustrated a favourable variant of the notching system for the compression piston 35.
  • the movable compression piston is mounted on the tips of three rods 44 being distributed along the circumference of a circle. At the other end each rod dips into a ring of elastic fingers 46 catching a notch 47 round the rod surface.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Hochspannungs-Druckgas-Autokompressions-Leistungsschalter,
a) mit einer feststehenden Doppeldüsenanordnung, die gebildet wird durch zwei sich axial in einer bestimmten Entfernung gegenüberstehende Düsen;
b) die Doppeldüsen (5, 6) münden in je einen Gasabsorptionsraum und werden von einem bewegbaren einteiligen, eine Stirnkappe und einen inneren Boden aufweisenden Kompressionszylinder (3) zeitweilig umgeben;
c) die Stirnkappe und der innere Boden des Kompressionszylinders (3) arbeiten mit einem feststehenden Kompressionskolben (4) und mit einem bewegbaren Kompressionskolben (35) zusammen;
d) den feststehenden Kompressionskolben (4) durchdringt ein Gasrohr, das an dem inneren Boden des bewegbaren Kompressionszylinders (3) befestigt ist;
e) für die Führung des Dauerstroms und des Lichtbogenstroms sind getrennte Kontaktstücke vorgesehen; gekennzeichnet durch folgende Merkmale:
f) in der Doppeldüsenanordnung ist die erste Düse (5) aus elektrisch leitendem Material und die zweite Düse (6) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material angefertigt;
g) der bewegbare Kompressionszylinder (3) ist aus elektrisch leitendem Material angefertigt und trägt ein zylindrische Kontäktstück (23) zur _Führung des Dauerstroms;
h) das Lichtbogen-Kontaktstück (8) ist mit dem bewegbaren Dauerstrom-Kontaktstück (23) mechanisch fest und elektrisch leitend verbunden.
2. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 1, gekennzeichnet, durch folgendes Merkmal:
der Kompressionskolben (4) ist an dem Gasabströmrohr (9) nächst der zweiten Düse (6) aus elektrisch isolierendem Material angeordnet.
3. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 1, gekennzeichnet, durch folgendes Merkmal:
ein erster Kompressionszylinder (3), der mit einem ersten feststehenden Kompressionskolben (4) zusammenarbeitet und ein zweiter Kompressionszylinder (34), der mit einem zweiten bewegbaren Kompressionskolben (35) zusammenarbeitet, bilden zwei Kompressionsräume (1, 33), die denselben Innendurchmesser und unterschiedliche Außendurchmesser besitzen.
4. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 3, gekennzeichnet, durch folgendes Merkmal:
die beiden Kompressionsräume (1, 33) stehen miteinander in pneumatischer Verbindung, wobei sich die Verbindungsstruktur (32) außerhalb des feststehenden Kompressionskolbens (4) befindet.
5. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 4, gekennzeichnet durch folgendes Merkmal: die Verbindungsstruktur (32) zur pneumatischen Verbindung der beiden Kompressionsräume (1, 33) befindet sich zwischen der Außenwand des Kompressionszylinders (3) und der Innenwand des zylindrischen Kontaktstücks (23).
6. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch folgendes Merkmal: in der pneumatischen Verbindungsstruktur (32) ist ein Rückschlagventil angeordnet.
7. Leistungsschalter nach Patentanspruch 3, gekennzeichnet durch folgendes Merkmal: die axiale Entfernung zwischen dem Boden (36) des zweiten Kompressionszylinders (34) und dem zweiten bewegbaren sowie rastbaren Kompressionskolben (35) ist größer als die Überlappungslänge zwischen dem bewegbaren Kontaktstück (8) und der ersten Düse (5) aus elektrisch leitendem Material.
EP19820730040 1981-03-30 1982-03-23 Hochspannungs-Blaskolbenschalter Expired EP0061992B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19813113325 DE3113325A1 (de) 1981-03-30 1981-03-30 Hochspannungsschaltkammer
DE3113325 1981-03-30
DE19813124075 DE3124075A1 (de) 1981-03-30 1981-06-16 Hochspannungsschaltkammer
DE3124075 1981-06-16
DE19823201646 DE3201646A1 (de) 1982-01-18 1982-01-18 Steuerbare impuls-kompressionseinrichtung fuer hochspannungs-druckgasschaltkammern
DE3201646 1982-01-18

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0061992A2 EP0061992A2 (de) 1982-10-06
EP0061992A3 EP0061992A3 (en) 1983-08-17
EP0061992B1 true EP0061992B1 (de) 1986-11-20

Family

ID=27189243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820730040 Expired EP0061992B1 (de) 1981-03-30 1982-03-23 Hochspannungs-Blaskolbenschalter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0061992B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638564B1 (fr) * 1988-11-02 1990-11-30 Alsthom Gec Disjoncteur a haute tension a gaz dielectrique sous pression
FR2767221B1 (fr) * 1997-08-11 1999-09-10 Gec Alsthom T & D Sa Disjoncteur a auto-soufflage et a compression reduite
DE102017206748A1 (de) * 2017-04-21 2018-10-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Doppeldüsenschalter mit Außenkontakt und Verfahren zum Schalten des Doppeldüsenschalters

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1281527B (de) * 1962-05-21 1968-10-31 Merlin Gerin Druckgasschalter mit einer geschlossenen, mit Druckgas gefuellten Loeschkammer
DE2211617C3 (de) * 1972-03-07 1981-02-26 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Druckgasschalter
IT1047627B (it) * 1974-10-01 1980-10-20 Reyrolle Parsons Ltd Perfezionamento negli interrutto ri per alte tensioni
DE2529623A1 (de) * 1975-07-03 1977-01-20 Licentia Gmbh Elektrischer kompressionsschalter
DE2741357C3 (de) * 1977-09-12 1981-01-29 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Elektrischer Druckgasschalter
DE2828773C2 (de) * 1978-06-30 1982-09-30 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Autopneumatischer Druckgasschalter
DE3015946A1 (de) * 1980-04-25 1981-10-29 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Blaskolbenschalter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0061992A2 (de) 1982-10-06
EP0061992A3 (en) 1983-08-17

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