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EP0043815B1 - Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding engines or the like - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding engines or the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043815B1
EP0043815B1 EP80901792A EP80901792A EP0043815B1 EP 0043815 B1 EP0043815 B1 EP 0043815B1 EP 80901792 A EP80901792 A EP 80901792A EP 80901792 A EP80901792 A EP 80901792A EP 0043815 B1 EP0043815 B1 EP 0043815B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torque
power
desired value
card
measuring device
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EP80901792A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0043815A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Grunder
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Zellweger Uster AG
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Zellweger Uster AG
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G23/00—Feeding fibres to machines; Conveying fibres between machines
    • D01G23/06—Arrangements in which a machine or apparatus is regulated in response to changes in the volume or weight of fibres fed, e.g. piano motions

Definitions

  • a known method measures the cross-section of the outgoing belts and regulates the speed of the feed roller of the card on the basis of the measured values obtained in such a way that - even with a different density of the fiber feed - the card is always fed with just as much material per unit of time as to maintain a constant cross-section is required on the fume cupboard (DE-A-1 921 248). Because of the long fiber transport path between the location (feed roller) and the measuring location on the take-off rollers, this method is relatively slow. Fluctuations that are shorter than this transport route cannot be compensated for, since they have already passed the location at the time of their measurement. This method can only be accelerated if the measuring location is brought closer to the location. In the current state of the art, however, no absolute measuring device is known that can be placed in the optimum proximity of the feed roller and at the same time has the accuracy required for the intended use.
  • Another known method solves this problem in that in addition to the absolute measuring element on the take-off rollers, a further measuring element is attached to the licker-in or to the reel or to the take-off or to the take-off rollers or to the fleece, which only has to recognize variations in the fiber throughput, but not their absolute amount .
  • such measuring elements can also be produced using the current state of the art. In the aforementioned combination with an accurate absolute measuring device, they enable the desired acceleration of the control process even with relatively low accuracy.
  • a known measuring device in this category measures variations in the fiber throughput by optically determining the fiber covering density, for example on the reel.
  • the method is based on the fact that a light fiber covering, for example, reflects more light with increasing density than the z. B. dark background formed by the drum set.
  • This measuring device is an essential technical advance.
  • the required difference in the reflective properties of the fiber covering and the background means that the applicability is restricted.
  • Another limitation is the decreasing accuracy with poor fiber resolution. This hinders, for example, the optimal use of this measuring element on the licker-in, although from a control point of view this would represent the optimal measuring location for the closed loop control card draw-in regulation.
  • the present invention relates to a method and a device with the same intended use as this optical measuring element, but without the restrictions described above, according to the features defined in the claims.
  • the card draw-in regulation with a closed control loop described above can be made faster, more precise and more universal than was possible with the previously known techniques.
  • the method according to the invention is based on the fact that the torque of a rotating part of the card, for example the licker-in drive, is measured and a signal which corresponds to this torque is used as a control variable for regulating the pulling-in speed of the card. Since a substantial part of the licker-in torque depends on the amount of material supplied to the licker-in per revolution, variations in this torque can be used as a measure of the cross-sectional fluctuations of the fiber template to be compensated. In order to compensate for such fluctuations, in the simplest case only the speed of the feed roller needs to be regulated so that the torque of the licker-in remains constant, i. H. the licker-in works at constant speed with constant tear performance.
  • the tear performance of the licker-in generally depends not only on the material throughput, but also different pre-dissolution of the fibers, different finishings, differences in moisture etc. can have a significant influence on the specific tear performance. Also needed the pioneer also has a considerable idling torque that is independent of the tearing power in order to overcome the bearing friction and the air resistance.
  • the torque measurement on the licker-in is advantageously combined with an absolute measuring element on the gimbal trigger, which is suitable for correcting long-term inaccuracies in the torque measurement.
  • the torque measurement method can also be used in the same way on the reel, in which case it is not the tearing power but the carding power of the cover that is recorded. Since the carding capacity also increases with increasing fiber covering on the reel, the cross-section of the fiber covering on the reel and thus ultimately the tape number can be regulated. Long-term differences are also advantageously corrected here by combination with an absolute measuring element on the card draw-off.
  • control signal is obtained from the torque behavior of the feed roller. Pulling the cotton into the card requires a torque that increases with increasing cotton thickness. The desired constant fiber throughput can then be achieved by regulating the feed roller speed in opposite directions. This method can also be combined with the direct band measurement already described.
  • the device according to the invention for carrying out the method essentially consists of a device for measuring the torque on the licker-in or on the reel or on the common drive of these two elements and a known draw-in regulation of the card with a closed control loop.
  • the card shown schematically in FIGS. 1-3 consists, in a known arrangement, of the feed roller 1, to which the fiber material is placed, the licker-in 4, the reel 8 with fiber covering 7 and lids 9, the customer 11 with the take-off rollers 12, the calender section 13 and the can 16.
  • the individual rotary bodies with individual drives are shown, namely the feed roller 1 with a motor 3, the licker-in 4 with a motor 5, the reel 8 with a motor 10 and the customer 11 with a motor 15.
  • Calender part 13 and can 16 are driven by a mechanical connection 28 from the customer 11.
  • the torque of the licker-in 4 is measured by means of the current consumption of the motor 5.
  • the current is proportional to the torque; in an AC motor, the current I x cos g J is proportional to the torque.
  • the motor current is converted into a proportional voltage U by means of a measuring resistor 6 and compared with a setpoint voltage in a first summation point 17.
  • the difference LtU resulting from this comparison is converted in a control element 20 into a control signal U R for the speed of the motor 3 or the feed roller 1.
  • Too high torque means too thick fiber covering, so the speed of the feed roller 1 must be slowed down, while too low torque requires an increase in the speed of the feed roller 1, both until the difference .DELTA.U disappears from the measurement voltage and the desired value.
  • the setpoint value supplied to the controller 20 can be, for example, a voltage Ud set at a setpoint value resistor 18; this reaches the first summing point 17 via a terminal 24 of a changeover switch 19.
  • the card equipped with the device delivers a strip with a constant cross-section only as long as the proportionality factors between the torque of the licker-in 4 and the number of the strip 26 do not change .
  • a variable proportionality factor is, for example, the material-dependent relationship between the material supply and the tear performance of the licker-in 4, or the adjustable ratio of licker-in speed and delivery speed.
  • the switch 19 is connected to terminal 23.
  • a setpoint value U s derived from the number of band 26 is applied to this terminal.
  • a signal U ⁇ corresponding to the tape number is generated and sent to a second summing point 21, where it is compared with a setpoint U s for the tape number.
  • the resulting difference signal passes through an integrator 22, the output signal Us of which forms the setpoint for the licker-in torque in the summing point 17.
  • the two configurations described here describe the basic principles of the setpoint specification for the controller 20. It can make sense to combine several fixed and / or variable setpoint specifications, for example by means of additive superimposition, For example, to compensate for the idling torque of the licker-in 4 or to optimize the behavior of the regulation under different operating conditions (e.g. when the card is starting up).
  • the card which is equipped with the device in the configuration described, is preferably driven by the four individual drives 3, 5, 10, 15.
  • the drives 5 and 10 must be synchronized with one another for the card to work properly.
  • the take-off side of the card (motor 15) is usually also synchronized with motors 5 and 10; however, it can also usually be shut down separately or operated at slow speed. In order to protect the card from overfeeding in such an operating state, additional apparatus precautions must be taken. For example, it is conceivable that the customer speed is measured continuously and in such an extraordinary operating state (e.g. also carding and stopping of the card) either the target torque for the controller 20 is reduced in accordance with the customer speed, or the speed of motor 3 with Motor 15 is synchronized. This is shown in FIG. 2, where a tachometer generator 27 is coupled to a rotating part that defines the strip take-off speed, for example the calender roll 13. In these cases, the signal UT corresponding to the tachometer speed is specified as the setpoint.
  • FIG 3 shows, as a further variant, the evaluation of the torque or the power of the drum drive, in that the current consumption of the motor 10 is determined by means of the measuring resistor 6 and used for comparison with the target value.
  • the lids 9 exert a torque on the rotating drum 8, which increases with increasing thickness of the fiber covering 7 on the drum.
  • the device used in this way therefore acts primarily as a density regulator for the fiber covering on the reel 8. In the end, however, this also regulates the band number.
  • the torque measurement of a rotating part of the card, the card or the like can also be carried out in another way than by measuring the power consumption.
  • the drive shaft for the licker-in 4, or for the reel 8, as a torsion bar 29 by measuring its rotation and converting it into a corresponding signal.
  • the drives for licker-in 4, drum 8 and pickup 11 can be carried out from a common motor 30, as is indicated in FIG. 4.
  • a further possibility for measuring the torques for the driven drums of the card is to arrange a variable coupling 31 between the motor 30 and the shaft in question.
  • the size of the slip between the drive and the driven axle, or the excitation of the variable clutch 31 necessary for a slip-free transmission is to be measured as a control signal and the difference is to be formed therefrom with a corresponding target value, as has already been described previously.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH80/00117 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 7, 1981 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 7, 1981 PCT Filed Sep. 30, 1980 PCT Pub. No. WO81/02029 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 23, 1981.A regulation of the density of the fibre clothing on cards, carding engines and the like is described which is based on measuring the torque which has to be used for the drive of the licker-in or the cylinder. The signal corresponding to this torque is compared with a desired value which is either arbitrarily adjustable or is obtained from a sliver count measuring member or constitutes a combination of the two. The torque is either measured by measuring the power consumption for the drive of the licker-in and/or the cylinder, or by measuring the torsion of a torsion shaft, or by measuring the slip occurring in a variable coupling.

Description

Die Herstellung von Faserbändern und Faservliesen, die im Querschnitt möglichst gleichmäßig sind, hat in der Textilindustrie große Bedeutung. Solche Bänder und Vliese werden meist an Karden oder Krempeln hergestellt. Zur Erzielung der erwünschten Gleichmäßigkeit sind eine Vielzahl von Verfahren und Vorrichtungen zur automatischen Regulierung der Faserzufuhr an diesen Maschinen bekannt.The production of fiber tapes and non-woven fabrics that are as uniform in cross-section as possible is of great importance in the textile industry. Such tapes and nonwovens are mostly made on cards or cards. A variety of methods and devices for automatically regulating the fiber feed on these machines are known to achieve the desired uniformity.

Ein bekanntes Verfahren mißt den Querschnitt der auslaufenden Bänder und reguliert auf Grund der erhaltenen Meßwerte die Geschwindigkeit der Speisewalze der Karde derart, daß - auch bei unterschiedlicher Dichte der Faservorlage - der Karde immer gerade soviel Material pro Zeiteinheit zugeführt wird, als zur Aufrechterhaltung eines konstanten Querschnittes am Abzug benötigt wird (DE-A-1 921 248). Wegen des langen Fasertransportweges zwischen dem Stellort (Speisewalze) und dem Meßort an den Abzugwalzen, ist dieses Verfahren relativ träge. Schwankungen, die kürzer sind als dieser Transportweg, können nicht ausreguliert werden, da sie den Stellort zum Zeitpunkt ihrer meßtechnischen Erfassung bereits passiert haben. Eine Beschleunigung dieses Verfahrens ist nur dadurch möglich, daß der Meßort näher an den Stellort herangebracht wird. Beim heutigen Stand der Technik ist jedoch kein Absolutmeßorgan bekannt, das der Speisewalze in optimaler Nähe nachgelagert werden kann und gleichzeitig die für den Verwendungszweck erforderliche Genauigkeit aufweist.A known method measures the cross-section of the outgoing belts and regulates the speed of the feed roller of the card on the basis of the measured values obtained in such a way that - even with a different density of the fiber feed - the card is always fed with just as much material per unit of time as to maintain a constant cross-section is required on the fume cupboard (DE-A-1 921 248). Because of the long fiber transport path between the location (feed roller) and the measuring location on the take-off rollers, this method is relatively slow. Fluctuations that are shorter than this transport route cannot be compensated for, since they have already passed the location at the time of their measurement. This method can only be accelerated if the measuring location is brought closer to the location. In the current state of the art, however, no absolute measuring device is known that can be placed in the optimum proximity of the feed roller and at the same time has the accuracy required for the intended use.

Ein weiteres bekanntes Verfahren löst dieses Problem dadurch, daß zusätzlich zum Absolutmeßorgan an den Abzugswalzen ein weiteres Meßorgan am Vorreißer oder am Tambour oder am Abnehmer oder an den Abnahmewalzen oder am Vlies angebracht wird, das nur Variationen im Faserdurchsatz, aber nicht deren absoluten Betrag erkennen muß. solche Meßorgane sind auch beim heutigen Stand der Technik herstellbar. Sie ermöglichen in der erwähnten Kombination mit einem genauen Absolutmeßorgan auch bei relativ geringer Genauigkeit die erwünschte Beschleunigung des Regelvorgangs.Another known method solves this problem in that in addition to the absolute measuring element on the take-off rollers, a further measuring element is attached to the licker-in or to the reel or to the take-off or to the take-off rollers or to the fleece, which only has to recognize variations in the fiber throughput, but not their absolute amount . such measuring elements can also be produced using the current state of the art. In the aforementioned combination with an accurate absolute measuring device, they enable the desired acceleration of the control process even with relatively low accuracy.

Ein bekanntes Meßorgan dieser Kategorie mißt Variationen des Faserdurchsatzes durch eine optische Bestimmung der Faserbelagsdichte beispielsweise auf dem Tambour. Das Verfahren beruht darauf, daß ein beispielsweise heller Faserbelag mit zunehmender Dichte mehr Licht reflektiert, als der z. B. durch die Tambourgarnitur gebildete dunkle Hintergrund. Dieses Meßorgan ist zwar ein wesentlicher technischer Fortschritt. Der erforderliche Unterschied in den Reflexionseigenschaften von Faserbelag und Hintergrund bedeutet jedoch eine Einschränkung der Anwendbarkeit. Eine weitere Einschränkung ist die abnehmende Genauigkeit bei schlechter Faserauflösung. Dies behindert beispielsweise den optimalen Einsatz dieses Meßorgans am Vorreißer, obwohl dieser vom regeltechnischen Standpunkt aus den optimalen Meßort für die Kardeneinzugsregulierung mit geschlossenem Regelkreis darstellen würde.A known measuring device in this category measures variations in the fiber throughput by optically determining the fiber covering density, for example on the reel. The method is based on the fact that a light fiber covering, for example, reflects more light with increasing density than the z. B. dark background formed by the drum set. This measuring device is an essential technical advance. However, the required difference in the reflective properties of the fiber covering and the background means that the applicability is restricted. Another limitation is the decreasing accuracy with poor fiber resolution. This hinders, for example, the optimal use of this measuring element on the licker-in, although from a control point of view this would represent the optimal measuring location for the closed loop control card draw-in regulation.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung mit dem gleichen Verwendungszweck wie dieses optische Meßorgan, jedoch ohne dessen vorgängig beschriebenen Einschränkungen, gemäß den in den Ansprüchen definierten Merkmalen. Dadurch kann die vorgängig beschriebenene Kardeneinzugsregulierung mit geschlossenem Regelkreis schneller, genauer und universeller gemacht werden, als dies mit den bisher bekannten Techniken möglich war.The present invention relates to a method and a device with the same intended use as this optical measuring element, but without the restrictions described above, according to the features defined in the claims. As a result, the card draw-in regulation with a closed control loop described above can be made faster, more precise and more universal than was possible with the previously known techniques.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren beruht darauf, daß das Drehmoment eines rotierenden Teils der Karde, beispielsweise des Vorreißerantriebs, gemessen wird, und ein Signal, das diesem Drehmoment entspricht, als Regelgröße für die Regulierung der Einzugsgeschwindigkeit der Karde verwendet wird. Da ein wesentlicher Teil des Vorreißerdrehmomentes von der dem Vorreißer pro Umdrehung zugeführten Materialmenge abhängt, können Variationen dieses Drehmomentes als Maß für die auszugleichenden Querschnittsschwankungen der Faservorlage verwendet werden. Um solche Schwankungen auszugleichen, braucht im einfachsten Fall bloß die Drehzahl der Speisewalze so reguliert zu werden, daß das Drehmoment des Vorreißers konstant bleibt, d. h. der Vorreißer bei konstanter Drehzahl mit konstanter Reißleistung arbeitet. Sofern die Reißleistung im wesentlichen nur von der pro Zeiteinheit zugeführten Materialmenge abhängt, was unter Vernachlässigung kurzer Leistungsspitzen bei gleichbleibendem Material und gleichbleibender Reißleistung zumindestens innerhalb eines beschränkten Zeitraums zutrifft, so bedeutet dies, daß der Karde zumindest innerhalb des genannten beschränkten Zeitintervalls dauernd eine konstante Fasermenge pro Zeiteinheit eingespeist wird. Da diese Fasermenge am Ausgang der Karde als Band mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit abgezogen wird, bleibt dadurch aber auch der Bandquerschnitt konstant. Der Zweck der Regulierung ist damit erfüllt.The method according to the invention is based on the fact that the torque of a rotating part of the card, for example the licker-in drive, is measured and a signal which corresponds to this torque is used as a control variable for regulating the pulling-in speed of the card. Since a substantial part of the licker-in torque depends on the amount of material supplied to the licker-in per revolution, variations in this torque can be used as a measure of the cross-sectional fluctuations of the fiber template to be compensated. In order to compensate for such fluctuations, in the simplest case only the speed of the feed roller needs to be regulated so that the torque of the licker-in remains constant, i. H. the licker-in works at constant speed with constant tear performance. Insofar as the tearing power depends essentially only on the amount of material supplied per unit of time, which, while neglecting short power peaks with the same material and the same tearing power, applies at least within a limited period of time, this means that the card has a constant amount of fiber per at least within the limited time interval mentioned Unit of time is fed. Since this amount of fiber is drawn off at the card exit at a constant speed, the strip cross-section also remains constant. The purpose of regulation is thus fulfilled.

Da Änderungen der Speisewalzengeschwindigkeit praktisch verzögerungsfrei zu einer veränderten Reißleistung am Vorreißer führen, kann auch der Regelvorgang praktisch verzögerungsfrei ausgeführt werden. Dadurch können auch außerordentlich kurze Vorlageschwankungen ausgeglichen werden.Since changes in the feed roller speed lead to a changed tear performance at the licker-in, practically without delay, the control process can also be carried out practically without delay. This enables extremely short fluctuations in the original to be compensated for.

Über längere Zeiträume hängt die Reißleistung des Vorreißers im allgemeinen nicht nur vom Materialdurchsatz ab, sondern auch unterschiedliche Vorauflösung der Fasern, unterschiedlicher Avivageauftrag, Feuchtigkeitsunterschiede etc. können die spezifische Reißleistung erheblich beeinflussen. Zudem benötigt der Vorreißer auch ein von der Reißleistung unabhängiges erhebliches Leerlaufdrehmoment zur Überwindung der Lagerreibung und des Luftwiderstandes, wobei auch hier über längere Zeiträume mit Schwankungen zu rechnen ist. Um aber auch über große Zeiträume eine genaue Regulierung zu erzielen, wird die Drehmomentmessung am Vorreißer deshalb vorteilhafterweise mit einem Absolutmeßorgan am Kardanabzug kombiniert, das geeignet ist, Langzeitungenauigkeiten der Drehmomentmessung zu korrigieren.Over a longer period of time, the tear performance of the licker-in generally depends not only on the material throughput, but also different pre-dissolution of the fibers, different finishings, differences in moisture etc. can have a significant influence on the specific tear performance. Also needed the pioneer also has a considerable idling torque that is independent of the tearing power in order to overcome the bearing friction and the air resistance. However, in order to achieve precise regulation even over long periods of time, the torque measurement on the licker-in is advantageously combined with an absolute measuring element on the gimbal trigger, which is suitable for correcting long-term inaccuracies in the torque measurement.

Das Drehmomentmeßverfahren läßt sich in gleicher Weise auch am Tambour verwenden, wobei dann nicht die Reißleistung, sondern die Kardierleistung der Deckel erfaßt wird. Da die Kardierleistung mit zunehmendem Faserbelag auf dem Tambour ebenfalls zunimmt, läßt sich dadurch der Querschnitt des Faserbelages auf dem Tambour regulieren und damit letztlich auch die Bandnummer. Langzeitdifferenzen werden auch hier vorteilhafterweise durch Kombination mit einem Absolutmeßorgan am Kardenabzug korrigiert.The torque measurement method can also be used in the same way on the reel, in which case it is not the tearing power but the carding power of the cover that is recorded. Since the carding capacity also increases with increasing fiber covering on the reel, the cross-section of the fiber covering on the reel and thus ultimately the tape number can be regulated. Long-term differences are also advantageously corrected here by combination with an absolute measuring element on the card draw-off.

Denkbar ist auch ein abgewandeltes Verfahren, bei dem das Regelsignal aus dem Drehmomentverhalten der Speisewalze gewonnen wird. Das Einziehen der Watte in die Karde erfordert ein Drehmoment, das mit zunehmender Wattedicke ansteigt. Der gewünschte konstante Faserdurchsatz läßt sich dann durch eine gegenläufige Regulierung der Speisewalzendrehzahl erzielen. Auch dieses Verfahren läßt sich mit der bereits beschriebenen direkten Bandmessung kombinieren.A modified method is also conceivable in which the control signal is obtained from the torque behavior of the feed roller. Pulling the cotton into the card requires a torque that increases with increasing cotton thickness. The desired constant fiber throughput can then be achieved by regulating the feed roller speed in opposite directions. This method can also be combined with the direct band measurement already described.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Einrichtung zur Messung des Drehmomentes am Vorreißer oder am Tambour oder am gemeinsamen Antrieb dieser beiden Elemente und einer an sich bekannten Einzugsregulierung der Karde mit geschlossenem Regelkreis.The device according to the invention for carrying out the method essentially consists of a device for measuring the torque on the licker-in or on the reel or on the common drive of these two elements and a known draw-in regulation of the card with a closed control loop.

Anhand der Figuren werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

  • Fig. 1 schematisch eine Karde mit Regelvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 2 eine Karde mit einer ersten Variante der Regelvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 3 eine Karde mit einer zweiten Variante der Regelvorrichtung,
  • Fig. 4 Einzelheiten einer dritten und
  • Fig. 5 Einzelheiten einer vierten Abart der Regelvorrichtung.
Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with the aid of the figures. It shows
  • 1 schematically shows a card with control device,
  • 2 a card with a first variant of the control device,
  • 3 shows a card with a second variant of the control device,
  • Fig. 4 details of a third and
  • Fig. 5 details of a fourth variant of the control device.

Die in den Fig. 1-3 schematisch gezeigte Karde besteht in an sich bekannter Anordnung aus der Speisewalze 1, der das Fasermaterial vorgelegt wird, dem Vorreißer 4, dem Tambour 8 mit Faserbelag 7 und Deckeln 9, dem Abnehmer 11 mit den Abnahmewalzen 12, dem Kalanderteil 13 und dem Kannenstock 16. Zur deutlicheren Darstellung sind die einzelnen Rotationskörpei mit Einzelantrieben gezeigt, nämlich die Einzugwalze 1 mit einem Motor 3, der Vorreißer 4 mit einem Motor 5, der Tambour 8 mit einem Motor 10 und der Abnehmer 11 mit einem Motor 15. Kalanderteil 13 und Kannenstock 16 werden über eine mechanische Verbindung 28 vom Abnehmer 11 her angetrieben.The card shown schematically in FIGS. 1-3 consists, in a known arrangement, of the feed roller 1, to which the fiber material is placed, the licker-in 4, the reel 8 with fiber covering 7 and lids 9, the customer 11 with the take-off rollers 12, the calender section 13 and the can 16. For a clearer illustration, the individual rotary bodies with individual drives are shown, namely the feed roller 1 with a motor 3, the licker-in 4 with a motor 5, the reel 8 with a motor 10 and the customer 11 with a motor 15. Calender part 13 and can 16 are driven by a mechanical connection 28 from the customer 11.

In der ersten Ausführungsform gemäß Fig. 1 wird das Drehmoment des Vorreißers 4 mittels der Stromaufnahme des Motors 5 gemessen. Bei einem Gleichstrommotor ist der Strom proportional zum Drehmoment; bei einem Wechselstrommotor ist der Strom I x cosg J proportional zum Drehmoment.In the first embodiment according to FIG. 1, the torque of the licker-in 4 is measured by means of the current consumption of the motor 5. In a DC motor, the current is proportional to the torque; in an AC motor, the current I x cos g J is proportional to the torque.

Der Motorstrom wird mittels eines Meßwiderstandes 6 in eine proportionale Spannung U umgeformt und mit einer Sollwertspannung in einer ersten Summierungsstelle 17 verglichen. Die bei diesem Vergleich resultierende Differenz LtU wird in einem Regelorgan 20 in ein Steuersignal UR für die Drehzahl des Motors 3 bzw. der Einzugswalze 1 umgeformt. Zu hohes Drehmoment bedeutet dabei zu dicken Faserbelag, somit ist die Drehzahl der Einzugswalze 1 zu verlangsamen, während zu niedriges Drehmoment eine Erhöhung der Drehzahl der Einzugswalze 1 erfordert, beides so lange, bis die Differenz ΔU aus Meßspannung und Sollwert verschwindet.The motor current is converted into a proportional voltage U by means of a measuring resistor 6 and compared with a setpoint voltage in a first summation point 17. The difference LtU resulting from this comparison is converted in a control element 20 into a control signal U R for the speed of the motor 3 or the feed roller 1. Too high torque means too thick fiber covering, so the speed of the feed roller 1 must be slowed down, while too low torque requires an increase in the speed of the feed roller 1, both until the difference .DELTA.U disappears from the measurement voltage and the desired value.

In einer einfachen Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung kann der dem Regler 20 zugeführte Sollwert beispielsweise eine an einem Sollwertwiderstand 18 fest eingestellte Spannung Ud sein; diese gelangt über eine Klemme 24 eines Umschalters 19 an die erste Summierungsstelle 17. Die mit der Vorrichtung ausgerüstete Karde liefert aber nur so lange ein Band mit konstantem Querschnitt ab, wie sich die Proportionalitätsfaktoren zwischen Drehmoment des Vorreißers 4 und der Nummer des Bandes 26 nicht ändern. Ein solcher variabler Proportionalitätsfaktor ist beispielsweise das materialabhängige Verhältnis zwischen Materialzufuhr und Reißleistung des Vorreißers 4, oder auch das einstellbare Verhältnis von Vorreißerdrehzahl und Ablieferungsgeschwindigkeit.In a simple embodiment of the device, the setpoint value supplied to the controller 20 can be, for example, a voltage Ud set at a setpoint value resistor 18; this reaches the first summing point 17 via a terminal 24 of a changeover switch 19. The card equipped with the device, however, delivers a strip with a constant cross-section only as long as the proportionality factors between the torque of the licker-in 4 and the number of the strip 26 do not change . Such a variable proportionality factor is, for example, the material-dependent relationship between the material supply and the tear performance of the licker-in 4, or the adjustable ratio of licker-in speed and delivery speed.

In einer verfeinerten Ausführung wird der Schalter 19 mit Klemme 23 verbunden. An diese Klemme wird ein von der Nummer des Bandes 26 abgeleiteter Sollwert Us gelegt. In einem Bandmeßorgan 14 wird ein der Bandnummer entsprechendes Signal Uε erzeugt und an eine zweite Sumrnierungsstelle 21 geführt, wo dasselbe mit einem Sollwert Us für die Bandnummer verglichen wird. Das dabei entstehende Differenzsignal passiert einen Integrator 22, dessen Ausgangssignal Us in der Summierungsstelle 17 den Sollwert für das Vorreißerdrehmoment bildet. Der Vorteil dieser Anordnung ist der, daß der rasch ändernde Materialzufluß über die schnell reagierende Drehmomentregulierung ausgeglichen werden kann, während der zweite, träge Regelkreis nur die langsam, veränderlichen Störfaktoren zu beseitigen braucht.In a refined version, the switch 19 is connected to terminal 23. A setpoint value U s derived from the number of band 26 is applied to this terminal. In a tape measuring device 14, a signal Uε corresponding to the tape number is generated and sent to a second summing point 21, where it is compared with a setpoint U s for the tape number. The resulting difference signal passes through an integrator 22, the output signal Us of which forms the setpoint for the licker-in torque in the summing point 17. The advantage of this arrangement is that the rapidly changing material flow can be compensated for by the quickly reacting torque regulation, while the second, sluggish control loop only has to eliminate the slowly changing disturbing factors.

Die hier beschriebenen zwei Ausgestaltungen beschreiben die Grundprinzipien der Sollwertvorgabe für den Regler 20. Es kann durchaus sinnvoll sein, mehrere feste und/oder variable Sollwertvorgaben, beispielsweise durch additive Überlagerung miteinander zu kombinieren, um beispielsweise das Leerlaufdrehmoment des Vorreißers 4 zu kompensieren oder das Verhalten der Regulierung bei unterschiedlichen Betriebsverhälnissen (z. B. im Anlauf der Karde) zu optimieren.The two configurations described here describe the basic principles of the setpoint specification for the controller 20. It can make sense to combine several fixed and / or variable setpoint specifications, for example by means of additive superimposition, For example, to compensate for the idling torque of the licker-in 4 or to optimize the behavior of the regulation under different operating conditions (e.g. when the card is starting up).

Die Karde, die mit der Vorrichtung in der beschriebenen Ausgestaltung ausgerüstet ist, wird vorzugsweise durch die vier Einzelantriebe 3, 5, 10, 15 angetrieben. Dabei müssen die Antriebe 5 und 10 für ein ordnungsgemäßes Arbeiten der Karde miteinander synchronisiert sein. Die Abnahmeseite derKarde (Motor 15) ist üblicherweise ebenfalls mit den Motoren 5 und 10 synchronisiert; sie kann aber auch meistens separat stillgesetzt oder im Langsamgang betrieben werden. Um die Karde in einem solchen Betriebszustand vor Überspeisung zu bewahren, sind zusätzliche apparative Vorkehrungen zu treffen. Beispielsweise ist es denkbar, daß die Abnehmerdrehzahl laufend gemessen und in einem solchen außerordentlichen Betriebszustand (z. B. auch An- und Auslauf der Karde) entweder das Soll-Drehmoment für den Regler 20 entsprechend der Abnehmerdrehzahl herabgesetzt, oder die Drehzahl von Motor 3 mit Motor 15 synchronisiert wird. Dies ist in Fig. 2 gezeigt, wo ein Tachogenerator 27 mit einem die Bandabzugsgeschwindigkeit definierenden rotierenden Teil, beispielsweise der Kalanderwalze 13, gekuppelt ist. Das der Tachodrehzahl entsprechende Signal UT wird in diesen Fällen als Sollwert vorgegeben.The card, which is equipped with the device in the configuration described, is preferably driven by the four individual drives 3, 5, 10, 15. The drives 5 and 10 must be synchronized with one another for the card to work properly. The take-off side of the card (motor 15) is usually also synchronized with motors 5 and 10; however, it can also usually be shut down separately or operated at slow speed. In order to protect the card from overfeeding in such an operating state, additional apparatus precautions must be taken. For example, it is conceivable that the customer speed is measured continuously and in such an extraordinary operating state (e.g. also carding and stopping of the card) either the target torque for the controller 20 is reduced in accordance with the customer speed, or the speed of motor 3 with Motor 15 is synchronized. This is shown in FIG. 2, where a tachometer generator 27 is coupled to a rotating part that defines the strip take-off speed, for example the calender roll 13. In these cases, the signal UT corresponding to the tachometer speed is specified as the setpoint.

Fig. 3 zeigt als weitere Variante die Auswertung des Drehmomentes bzw. der Leistung des Tambourantriebes, indem die Stromaufnahme des Motors 10 mittels des Meßwiderstandes 6 ermittelt und zum Vergleich mit dem Sollwert verwendet wird. Die Deckel 9 üben auf den rotierenden Tambour 8 ein Drehmoment aus, das mit zunehmender Dicke des Faserbelags 7 auf dem Tambour größer wird. Die derart eingesetzte Vorrichtung wirkt deshalb primär als Dichteregier für den Faserbelag auf dem Tambour 8. Im Endeffekt wird dadurch aber ebenfalls die Bandnummer reguliert.3 shows, as a further variant, the evaluation of the torque or the power of the drum drive, in that the current consumption of the motor 10 is determined by means of the measuring resistor 6 and used for comparison with the target value. The lids 9 exert a torque on the rotating drum 8, which increases with increasing thickness of the fiber covering 7 on the drum. The device used in this way therefore acts primarily as a density regulator for the fiber covering on the reel 8. In the end, however, this also regulates the band number.

Die Drehmomentmessung eines rotierenden Teiles der Karde, des Krempels oder dergleichen kann auch auf andere Weise als durch Messung der Leistungsaufnahme erfolgen. Möglich ist beispielsweise die Ausbildung der Antriebswelle für den Vorreißer 4, oder für den Tambour 8, als Torsionsstab 29, indem dessen Verdrehung gemessen und in ein entsprechendes Signal verwandelt wird. In diesem Fall können die Antriebe für Vorreißer 4, Tambour 8 und Abnehmer 11 von einem gemeinsamen Motor 30 aus erfolgen, wie dies in Fig. 4 angedeutet ist.The torque measurement of a rotating part of the card, the card or the like can also be carried out in another way than by measuring the power consumption. For example, it is possible to design the drive shaft for the licker-in 4, or for the reel 8, as a torsion bar 29 by measuring its rotation and converting it into a corresponding signal. In this case, the drives for licker-in 4, drum 8 and pickup 11 can be carried out from a common motor 30, as is indicated in FIG. 4.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit für die Messung der Drehmomente für die angetriebenen Trommeln der Karde besteht in der Anordnung einer variablen Kupplung 31 zwischen dem Motor 30 und der betreffenden Welle. Hierzu ist die Größe des Schlupfes zwischen Antrieb und getriebener Achse, oder die für eine schlupffreie Übertragung nötige Erregung der variablen Kupplung 31 als Steuersignal zu messen und daraus mit einem entsprechenden Sollwert die Differenz zu bilden, wie dies vorher bereits beschrieben worden ist.A further possibility for measuring the torques for the driven drums of the card is to arrange a variable coupling 31 between the motor 30 and the shaft in question. For this purpose, the size of the slip between the drive and the driven axle, or the excitation of the variable clutch 31 necessary for a slip-free transmission, is to be measured as a control signal and the difference is to be formed therefrom with a corresponding target value, as has already been described previously.

Claims (18)

1. A method for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding engines or the like, wherein the sliver weight is adjusted by controlling the rotational speed of the fibre feeding device, characterised in that the rotational speed of the fibre feeding device is controlled by means of a control signal derived from the torque or from the power of at least one rotating part of the card, of the carding engine or the like in such a way that the torque or the power of the rotating parts, or the sum of the torques or the powers of the card, of the carding engine or the like, remain constant or correspond to a predetermined desired value.
2. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the desired value of the torque or the power is adjustable.
3. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the desired value of the torque or the power is predetermined by at least one other measuring device.
4. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the desired value of the torque or the power is made adjustable as well as being predetermined by at least one other measuring device.
5. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the torque or the power of the licker-in (4) is used to form the control signal.
6. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the torque or the power of the cylinder (8) is used to form the control signal.
7. A method according to claim 1, characterised in that the torque or the power of the feed roller (1) is used to form the control signal. -
8. A method according to claim 1 to 6, characterised in that the total of the torques or the power of the licker-in (4) and of the cylinder (8) is used to form the control signal.
9. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with a regulatable drive (3) for the feed roller (1), characterised by a measuring device for determining the torque or the power of at least one rotating part of the card, of the carding engine or the like, and also by a controller (20) for controlling the speed of the feed roller, said controller being controlled by the said measuring device and by a desired value input.
10. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that a power meter for the power consumption of the respective drive motor (5, 10) is used as a measuring device for determining the torque or the power.
11. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterised in that a mechanical torque meter is used for measuring the torque or the power.
12. An apparatus according to claims 9 and 11, characterised by a drive shaft in the form of a torsion rod as the torque meter.
13. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterised by an inductive transducer as the torque meter.
14. An apparatus according to claims 9 and 13, characterised by a inductively-acting slip coupling as the torque meter.
15. An apparatus according to claim 9, characterised by at least one adjustable controller (18) for feeding in the desired value for the torque.
16. An apparatus according to claims 9 and 15, characterised by at least one measuring device (14) for determining the sliver thickness for predetermining the desired value.
17. An apparatus according to claims 9, 15 and 16, characterised by the combination of an adjustable controller (18) and a sliver measuring device (14) for forming the desired value which is to be used.
18. An apparatus according to claims 9 and 15, characterised by a tacho-generator (27) at the delivery elements of the card, carding engine or the like for obtaining a control signal corresponding to the delivery speed.
EP80901792A 1980-01-17 1980-09-30 Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding engines or the like Expired EP0043815B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH392/80 1980-01-17
CH39280A CH640890A5 (en) 1980-01-17 1980-01-17 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR REGULATING BANDWEIGHT VARIATIONS ON CARD AND CARD.

Publications (2)

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EP0043815A1 EP0043815A1 (en) 1982-01-20
EP0043815B1 true EP0043815B1 (en) 1984-01-11

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EP80901792A Expired EP0043815B1 (en) 1980-01-17 1980-09-30 Method and apparatus for controlling fluctuations in sliver weight on cards, carding engines or the like

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US (1) US4438548A (en)
EP (1) EP0043815B1 (en)
JP (2) JPS56501887A (en)
AT (1) ATE5826T1 (en)
CH (1) CH640890A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3066099D1 (en)
ES (1) ES498579A0 (en)
IT (1) IT1128628B (en)
SU (1) SU1165240A3 (en)
WO (1) WO1981002029A1 (en)

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SU1165240A3 (en) 1985-06-30
DE3066099D1 (en) 1984-02-16
JPS6016769U (en) 1985-02-04
US4438548A (en) 1984-03-27
EP0043815A1 (en) 1982-01-20
JPS56501887A (en) 1981-12-24
IT8050197A0 (en) 1980-11-19
IT1128628B (en) 1986-05-28
WO1981002029A1 (en) 1981-07-23
ES8203996A1 (en) 1982-04-01
ES498579A0 (en) 1982-04-01
ATE5826T1 (en) 1984-01-15
CH640890A5 (en) 1984-01-31

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