EP0041638A1 - Method for the pretreatment of stainless steel for the direct electrodeposition of gold - Google Patents
Method for the pretreatment of stainless steel for the direct electrodeposition of gold Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0041638A1 EP0041638A1 EP81103983A EP81103983A EP0041638A1 EP 0041638 A1 EP0041638 A1 EP 0041638A1 EP 81103983 A EP81103983 A EP 81103983A EP 81103983 A EP81103983 A EP 81103983A EP 0041638 A1 EP0041638 A1 EP 0041638A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- gold
- pretreatment
- parts
- bath
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical group [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 alkali metal cyanide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 101100172879 Caenorhabditis elegans sec-5 gene Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910020335 Na3 PO4.12H2 O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium cyanide Chemical compound [Na+].N#[C-] MNWBNISUBARLIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium pyrophosphate decahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O VZWGHDYJGOMEKT-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F1/00—Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling or descaling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of stainless steel, in particular of chromium-nickel steels for direct galvanic gold plating with strongly acid baths.
- the pretreatment baths preferably contain alkali cyanide in a concentration of 2 to 100 g / l. Besides they can contain other additives such as phosphates, condensed phosphates, carbonates and silicates of the alkali metals in various concentrations. These bath components are mainly used for degreasing and have no influence on the activation. Higher concentrations of alkali hydroxide should be avoided.
- the activation advantageously takes place at temperatures from 20 ° to 70 ° C. and is carried out predominantly at room temperature. It consists of an initial cathodic treatment, preferably at 2 - 40A / dm 2, for 15 seconds to 5 minutes and a subsequent anodic treatment under the same conditions.
- a specimen of V4A polished to a high gloss is cathodically treated at room temperature and 10 A / dm 2 for 1 min, then anodically in this bath under the same conditions, rinsed well and gold-plated in a commercially available, strongly acidic gold bath.
- the deposited gold layer is high-gloss and adheres well. It cannot be removed even by brushing after sharply bending the sample.
- V4A is deliberately passivated in air for 1 hour at 300 ° C.
- An electropolished stainless steel braided bracelet with a nickel silver watch case is cathodic at room temperature for 1 min at 5 A / dm 2 , then anodically activated under the same conditions, rinsed well and gold-plated in a commercially available, strongly acidic gold bath. The gold layer cannot be removed even by heavy scratching.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von Edelstahl, insbesondere von Chromnickelstählen für eine direkte galvanische Vergoldung mit stark sauren Bädern.The invention relates to a process for the pretreatment of stainless steel, in particular of chromium-nickel steels for direct galvanic gold plating with strongly acid baths.
Die galvanische Abscheidung gut haftender Metallüberzügeauf rostfreien, hochlegierten Stählen bereitet durch die dichte, schwer zu entfernende Passivschicht seit jeher größere Schwierigkeiten. Bestimmend für das passive Verhalten dieser Stähle ist eine sich rasch ausbildende Deckschicht, vorwiegend aus Cr2O3, einem sehr schwer löslichen Oxid. Aus diesem Grund muß zur Vorbereitung des Edelstahls vor dem Galvanisieren eine Entfernung der Passivschicht durch Beizen in aggressiven Mineralsäuren, zum Teil unter Stromeinwirkung, vorgenommen werden. So wird zum Beispiel empfohlen, 10 - 20 Volt HNO3konz. mit 1 - 2 Volt H2F2konz. bei 50° hierfür zu verwenden, oder H2SO4, CrO3 und H2F2 bei Raumtemperatur einzusetzen oder kathodisch die Teile in verschiedenen Säuren zu aktivieren. Fast alle Verfahren greifen jedoch das Grundmaterial an, was besonders bei hochglanzpolierten Teilen unerwünscht ist. Weitere Probleme ergeben sich bei diesen bekannten Vertahren, wenn Edelstahlgegenstände mit eingearbeiteten z.B. Neusilber- oder Kupferteilen vorliegen. Fast alle diese Verfahren verursachen auch nicht unerhebliche Korrosionsprobleme in den Galvanisieranlagen.The galvanic deposition of well-adhering metal coatings on stainless, high-alloy steels has always been more difficult due to the dense, difficult-to-remove passive layer. The determining factor for the passive behavior of these steels is a rapidly developing top layer, predominantly made of Cr 2 O 3 , a very poorly soluble oxide. For this reason, in order to prepare the stainless steel, the passive layer must be removed by pickling in aggressive mineral acids, partly under the influence of electricity, before galvanizing. For example, it is recommended to use 10-20 volts ENT 3 conc. with 1 - 2 volt H 2 F 2 conc. Use at 50 ° for this, or use H 2 SO 4 , CrO 3 and H 2 F 2 at room temperature or activate the parts cathodically in different acids. However, almost all processes attack the base material, which is particularly undesirable for highly polished parts. Further problems arise with these known methods when there are stainless steel objects with incorporated, for example, nickel silver or copper parts. Almost all of these processes also cause significant corrosion problems in the electroplating plants.
Bekannt sind auch Aktivierungsverfahren unter Abschei- dung einer Zwischenschicht, meist Nickel, aus stark salzsaurer Lösung. Diesen haften aber ebenfalls deutliche Nachteile an. Neben Korrosionsproblemen bei Anwendung dieser Bäder sind die so aktivierten und anschließend vergoldeten Teile wesentlich anfälliger gegen Korrosion als direkt vergoldete. Ausgehend von Fehlstellen korrodiert die Nickelzwischenschicht bis zur völligen Ablösung der Goldauflage. Bei Schmuckteilen, die direkt auf der Haut getragen werden, ist eine Unternickelung auf Grund allergischer Reaktionen einzelner Personen und eventueller canzerogener Wirkung meist unerwünscht.Also activation process under deposition are known you ng an intermediate layer, usually nickel, from strong hydrochloric acid solution. However, these also have clear disadvantages. In addition to corrosion problems when using these baths, the parts activated and subsequently gold-plated are much more susceptible to corrosion than directly gold-plated parts. Starting from defects, the nickel intermediate layer corrodes until the gold plating is completely detached. For jewelry that is worn directly on the skin, under-nickeling is usually undesirable due to allergic reactions by individual people and possible cancerogenic effects.
Zur Vermeidung der Unternickelung wurde versucht, Edelstahlteile direkt im Goldbad zu aktivieren. Die US-PS 4 168 214 beschreibt ein Goldbad auf Basis eines "verdünnten Königswassers", das in der Lage ist, Edelstahl direkt im Bad zu aktivieren. Das Bad hat jedoch ebenfalls den Nachteil, daß es die Oberfläche, be-- sonders an Lötstellen, angreift. Außerdem ist das Bad schlecht zu führen, da die Agressivität mit der Betriebsdauer ansteigt. Andere zur direkten Beschichtung von Edelstahl bekannte stark saure Goldbäder ergeben nur in wenigen Fällen eine ausreichende Haftung der Goldschicht. Wenn die zu beschichtenden Edelstahlteile, zum Beispiel Uhrenarmbänder, zuvor einer Behandlung unterzogen worden waren, die eine stärkere Passivschicht entstehen ließ, wie zum Beispiel Tempern, Löten, Polieren unter Hitzeentwicklung, Behandlung in passivierenden Beizen oder Elektropolieren, konnte durch direktes Vergolden keine ausreichende Haftfestigkeit erzielt werden.In order to avoid nickel plating, attempts were made to activate stainless steel parts directly in the gold bath. US Pat. No. 4,168,214 describes a gold bath based on a "diluted aqua regia" which is able to activate stainless steel directly in the bath. However, the bathroom also has the disadvantage that it designate the surface - s Donders of solder joints, attacks. In addition, the bathroom is difficult to manage because the aggressiveness increases with the operating time. Other strongly acidic gold baths known for the direct coating of stainless steel only result in sufficient adhesion of the gold layer in a few cases. If, for example Uh renarmbänder to be coated stainless steel parts, a treatment had been subjected before that created a stronger passive layer, such as annealing, brazing, ektropolieren polishing under heat, treatment in passivating pickling or El, was able to direct gilding sufficient Adhesive strength can be achieved.
Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Vorbehandlung von Edelstahl für eine direkte galvanische Vergoldung in einem stark sauren Goldbad zu finden, das die Metalloberfläche möglichst wenig angreift und eine gute Haftfestigkeit der abgeschiedenen Goldschichten erzielt.It was therefore an object of the present invention to find a process for the pretreatment of stainless steel for direct galvanic gold plating in a strongly acidic gold bath, which attacks the metal surface as little as possible and achieves good adhesion of the deposited gold layers.
Diese Aufgabe wurde erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Edelstahlteile in eine cyanidhaltige wässrige Lösung gebracht und zuerst kathodisch und anschließend anodisch behandelt werden.This object was achieved in that the stainless steel parts are brought into a cyanide-containing aqueous solution and first treated cathodically and then anodically.
Überraschenderweise zeigte es sich, daß bei Behandlung von Edelstahlteilen, die in einem stark passiven Zustand vorlagen, in einer Lösung eines Alkalicyanids nach zunächst kathodischer, dann anodischer Polung bei Raumtemperatur selbst bei niedrigen Stromdichten eine gute Aktivierung erzielt wurde. Nach direkter anschließender Vergoldung in einem handelsüblichen stark sauren Goldbad wurden sehr gute Haftfestigkeiten erzielt. Gleiche Aktivierungsergebnisse konnten selbst bei sichtbaren Anlaufschichten erreicht werden, wenn das Cyanid vorteilhafterweise direkt in einem handelsüblichen Entfettungsbad eingesetzt und die genannte Polungsreihenfolge eingehalten wurde.Surprisingly, it was found that when stainless steel parts which were in a highly passive state were treated in a solution of an alkali metal cyanide, after first cathodic then anodic polarization at room temperature, good activation was achieved even at low current densities. After subsequent gilding in a commercially available, strongly acidic gold bath, very good adhesive strengths were achieved. The same activation results could be achieved even with visible tarnish layers if the cyanide was advantageously used directly in a commercially available degreasing bath and the polarity sequence mentioned was observed.
Nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren können selbst Edelstahlgegenstände mit eingearbeiteten Teilen aus z.B. Neusilber oder Kupfer behandelt werden. Sie können anschließend unter voller Erhaltung der Oberflächengüte haftfest vergoldet werden.According to the method according to the invention, even stainless steel objects with incorporated parts from e.g. Nickel silver or copper can be treated. They can then be gilded with adherence while maintaining the surface quality.
Vorzugsweise enthalten die Vorbehandlungsbäder Alkalicyanid in einer Konzentration 2 - 100 g/l. Daneben können sie noch weitere Zusätze, wie z.B. Phosphate, kondensierte Phosphate, Carbonate und Silikate der Alkalimetalle in verschiedenen Konzentrationen enthalten. Diese Badbestandteile dienen vorwiegend der Entfettung und haben auf die Aktivierung keinen Einfluß. Höhere Konzentrationen an Alkalihydroxid sind zu vermeiden.The pretreatment baths preferably contain alkali cyanide in a concentration of 2 to 100 g / l. Besides they can contain other additives such as phosphates, condensed phosphates, carbonates and silicates of the alkali metals in various concentrations. These bath components are mainly used for degreasing and have no influence on the activation. Higher concentrations of alkali hydroxide should be avoided.
Die Aktivierung erfolgt vorteilhafterweise bei Temperaturen von 20° bis 70° C und wird vorwiegend bei Raumtemperatur ausgeführt. Sie besteht aus einer zunächst kathodischen Behandlung von vorzugsweise bei 2 - 40A/dm2 während 15 sec bis 5 min und einer anschließenden anodischen Behandlung unter denselben Bedingungen.The activation advantageously takes place at temperatures from 20 ° to 70 ° C. and is carried out predominantly at room temperature. It consists of an initial cathodic treatment, preferably at 2 - 40A / dm 2, for 15 seconds to 5 minutes and a subsequent anodic treatment under the same conditions.
Die Anwendung höherer Temperatur bis ca. 70° C und höherer Stromdichte ist möglich, aber nicht erforderlich. Zur anschließenden direkten Vergoldung eignet sich jedes handelsübliche stark saure Goldbad mit pH kleiner 3. Eine Dekapierung nach der Aktivierung, z.B. in 10%iger Schwefelsäure wirkt sich günstig auf die Zwischenspülung aus, ist aber für die eigentliche Aktivierung ohne Einfluß.The use of higher temperatures up to approx. 70 ° C and higher current density is possible, but not necessary. Any commercially available strong acid gold bath with a pH of less than 3 is suitable for the subsequent direct gold plating. in 10% sulfuric acid has a favorable effect on the intermediate rinse, but has no influence on the actual activation.
Die folgenden Beispiele sollen das erfindungsgemäße Vorbehandlungsverfahren näher erläutern:The following examples are intended to explain the pretreatment process according to the invention in more detail:
1. 10g KCN, 10g NaOH, 30g Na2CO3 und 50g Na3PO4.12H2O werden in Wasser zu 1 1-gelöst. 1st 10g KCN, 10g NaOH, 30g Na 2 CO 3 and 50 g Na 3 PO 4 .12H 2 O are dissolved in 1 l in water.
Eine auf Hochglanz polierte Probe aus V4A wird 1 min bei Raumtemperatur und 10 A/dm2 kathodisch, anschließend unter gleichen Bedingungen anodisch in diesem Bad behandelt, gut zwischengespült und in einem handelsüblichen stark sauren Goldbad vergoldet.A specimen of V4A polished to a high gloss is cathodically treated at room temperature and 10 A / dm 2 for 1 min, then anodically in this bath under the same conditions, rinsed well and gold-plated in a commercially available, strongly acidic gold bath.
Die abgeschiedene Goldschicht ist hochglänzend und haftet gut. Sie läßt sich selbst durch Bürsten nach scharfem Knicken der Probe nicht entfernen.The deposited gold layer is high-gloss and adheres well. It cannot be removed even by brushing after sharply bending the sample.
2. Eine Probe aus V4A wird durch einstündiges Tempern bei 3000 C an Luft bewußt passiviert.2. A sample of V4A is deliberately passivated in air for 1 hour at 300 ° C.
Nach Behandlung der Probe in einem Bad nach Beispiel 1 unter den dort genannten Bedingungen wurde ebenfalls sehr gute Haftfestigkeit bei der Vergoldung erzielt.After treatment of the sample in a bath according to Example 1 under the conditions mentioned there, very good adhesive strength was also achieved in the gold plating.
3. 20g NaCN, 10g NaOH, 10g Na4P2O7.10H2O, 30g Na2Si3.5H2O und 0,5g Netzmittel werden in Wasser zu 1 Liter gelöst.3. 20 g NaCN, 10 g NaOH, 10 g Na 4 P 2 O 7 .10H 2 O, 30 g Na 2 Si 3 .5H 2 O and 0.5 g wetting agent are dissolved in 1 liter water.
Ein elektropoliertes Edelstahlgeflechtarmband mit einem Uhrengehäuse aus Neusilber wird bei Raumtemperatur 1 min bei 5 A/dm2 kathodisch, anschließend unter gleichen Bedingungen anodisch aktiviert, gut zwischengespült und in einem handelsüblichen stark sauren Goldbad vergoldet. Die Goldschicht läßt sich auch durch starkes Kratzen nicht entfernen.An electropolished stainless steel braided bracelet with a nickel silver watch case is cathodic at room temperature for 1 min at 5 A / dm 2 , then anodically activated under the same conditions, rinsed well and gold-plated in a commercially available, strongly acidic gold bath. The gold layer cannot be removed even by heavy scratching.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT81103983T ATE4602T1 (en) | 1980-05-29 | 1981-05-23 | METHOD OF PREPARING STAINLESS STEEL FOR DIRECT GOLD PLATING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3020371 | 1980-05-29 | ||
| DE3020371A DE3020371C2 (en) | 1980-05-29 | 1980-05-29 | Process for the pretreatment of stainless steel for direct galvanic gold plating |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0041638A1 true EP0041638A1 (en) | 1981-12-16 |
| EP0041638B1 EP0041638B1 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
Family
ID=6103493
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP81103983A Expired EP0041638B1 (en) | 1980-05-29 | 1981-05-23 | Method for the pretreatment of stainless steel for the direct electrodeposition of gold |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4659438A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0041638B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5719395A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE4602T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3020371C2 (en) |
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| JPH0631469B2 (en) * | 1987-02-06 | 1994-04-27 | 株式会社関西プラント工業 | Manufacturing method of gold plating containers |
| JPH0754865Y2 (en) * | 1989-03-07 | 1995-12-18 | 株式会社ソキア | Light intensity adjustment mechanism and lightwave rangefinder in lightwave rangefinder |
| US6878932B1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2005-04-12 | John D. Kroska | Mass spectrometer ionization source and related methods |
| US20090114345A1 (en) * | 2007-11-07 | 2009-05-07 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a substrate for mounting a semiconductor element |
| US8542465B2 (en) | 2010-03-17 | 2013-09-24 | Western Digital Technologies, Inc. | Suspension assembly having a microactuator electrically connected to a gold coating on a stainless steel surface |
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| CN106637047A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-10 | 机械科学研究总院青岛分院 | Surface passivation film removing method for plate-shaped stainless steel piece |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD94539A (en) * | ||||
| DE2642816A1 (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-03-31 | Centro Speriment Metallurg | PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTROPLATING CAPABILITY OF STEELS |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2915444A (en) * | 1955-12-09 | 1959-12-01 | Enthone | Process for cleaning and plating ferrous metals |
| US2973307A (en) * | 1956-11-16 | 1961-02-28 | Lyon Inc | Method of treating stainless steel |
| US3551302A (en) * | 1967-09-19 | 1970-12-29 | Roger M Woods | Gold-plating process |
| US3694326A (en) * | 1969-11-03 | 1972-09-26 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Pretreatment of stainless steel for electroplating |
| US3642586A (en) * | 1970-05-12 | 1972-02-15 | Republic Steel Corp | Anodic treatment for stainless steel |
| US4078977A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-03-14 | Fountain Laurence R | Surface preparation of a damaged braze for rebrazing |
| US4168214A (en) * | 1978-06-14 | 1979-09-18 | American Chemical And Refining Company, Inc. | Gold electroplating bath and method of making the same |
-
1980
- 1980-05-29 DE DE3020371A patent/DE3020371C2/en not_active Expired
-
1981
- 1981-05-14 US US06/263,705 patent/US4659438A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1981-05-23 AT AT81103983T patent/ATE4602T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-23 EP EP81103983A patent/EP0041638B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-27 JP JP7945881A patent/JPS5719395A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DD94539A (en) * | ||||
| DE2642816A1 (en) * | 1975-09-26 | 1977-03-31 | Centro Speriment Metallurg | PROCESS FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTROPLATING CAPABILITY OF STEELS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0041638B1 (en) | 1983-09-07 |
| US4659438A (en) | 1987-04-21 |
| DE3020371C2 (en) | 1985-12-19 |
| ATE4602T1 (en) | 1983-09-15 |
| JPS5719395A (en) | 1982-02-01 |
| DE3020371A1 (en) | 1981-12-03 |
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