EA037805B1 - Herbicide composition for combating against dicot weeds and cereal plants in corn crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of plant protection products that can be used to control weeds in corn crops and contain a combination of three active substances as an active herbicidal component. The technical result achieved from the use of the proposed herbicidal composition consists in the ability to combat against a variety of unwanted plants; synergistic herbicidal effect; increased herbicidal activity; the ability to apply the composition during the entire growing season. This aim is achieved through the use of the herbicidal composition for controlling weed dicotyledonous and cereal plants in corn crops, which contains (A) terbuthylazine, (B) nicosulfuron, and (C) another herbicide as active ingredients. Another herbicide is 2,4-D and its derivatives with the (A):(B):(C) ratio in the mixture, which is equal to (1-15):1:(0.5-7). 2,4-D derivatives are 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ether) or 2,4-D (low volatile ethers C7-C9), and 2,4-D (dimethylamine salt).

Description

The invention relates to the field of plant protection products that can be used to control weeds in corn crops and contain a combination of three active substances as an active herbicidal component.

Protecting crops from weeds that inhibit crop growth is an ongoing challenge in agriculture. To help meet this challenge, synthetic chemistry researchers have developed a very large number of chemicals and formulations that are effective to combat this unwanted growth. Many types of chemical herbicides are described in the literature and a large number of these substances are used on an industrial scale.

The herbicidal composition of the present invention is capable of controlling a wide variety of weed species in corn crops. She unexpectedly exhibited a synergistic herbicidal effect.

The well-known system of weed control in corn crops is replenished with new active substances. The active substances are, for example, known broad-spectrum herbicides such as 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ether), Dicamba, Isoxaflutol, Mesotrion, Nicosulfuron, Terbutylazine. The effectiveness of these active substances in relation to weeds in corn crops is at a high level, but still depends on the type of herbicide used, its consumption rates, composition, on the type of weeds to be eradicated, on the climate and soil conditions, and so on. The next criterion is the duration of action, respectively, the rate of disintegration of the herbicide. In some cases, changes in weed sensitivity that can occur with prolonged use of herbicides should also be taken into account.

All this causes great difficulties in the destruction of weeds during the entire growing season of cultivated plants.

The possibility of improving the utilization of the herbicide may lie in the combination of the active substance with one or more other active substances that provide the desired additional properties. However, with the combined use of several substances, phenomena of physical and biological incompatibility are often found, for example, insufficient stability of the combined composition, degradation of the active substance or antagonism of the active substances. In contrast, combinations of active substances with a favorable profile of action, high stability and, if possible, with an effect enhanced by synergism are desirable.

The authors found that active substances from the group of the above broad-spectrum herbicides, namely terbutylazine (N-ethyl-N'-tert-butyl-6-chloro-2,4-diamino-1,3,5-triazine), nicosulfuron (2- (4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl) -3- (3-dimethylcarbamoyl-2-pyridylsulfonyl) urea), 2,4-D (ester) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in combination with each other together they act in a particularly beneficial way when they are used to control weeds in corn crops.

Known herbicidal composition for the protection of corn crops, containing florasulam and nicosulfuron in a weight ratio from 2: 1 to 180: 1 (US Pat. RF No. 2574742). However, this composition is not effective enough against some weeds, in particular, hairy pea, bindweed mountaineer, mountainweed, cocklebur, garden sow thistle, field sow thistle, field bindweed, Tatar lettuce and others.

Known herbicidal agent (EA No. 008437) containing an effective amount of A) compound 2- [2-chloro-3- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl) -4-methylsulfonylbenzoyl] cyclohexane-1,3-dione, as well as its salts commonly used in agriculture (component A) and an electron transfer inhibitor in photosynthesis terbutylazine; moreover, the agent contains component A or its salts and terbutylazine in a weight ratio from 1: 2000 to 2000: 1.

Known herbicidal agent (EA No. 013073) containing an effective amount of A) compound 2- [2-chloro-3- (2,2,2-trifluoroethoxymethyl) -4-methylsulfonylbenzoyl] cyclohexane-1,3-dione, as well as its salts commonly used in agriculture (component A) and the branched chain amino acid biosynthesis inhibitor nicosulfuron; moreover, the agent contains component A or synthetic auxin 2,4-D in a weight ratio from 1: 2000 to 2000: 1.

Known (RF 2614066) a herbicidal composition containing as active ingredients (a) nicosulfuron or its salt and (b) S-metolachlor or its salt, in which the ratio of mass (a) to mass (b) is in the range from 1: 1 , 3 to 1: 800. The herbicidal composition may additionally contain, as an active ingredient (c), terbutylazine or a salt thereof. The composition is applied as follows: (a) applied in an amount equal to 5 to 150 g / ha, (b) applied in an amount equal to 200 to 4000 g / ha, and (c) applied in an amount equal to 1 to 2000 g / ha.

As a prototype, a known herbicidal composition (RF 2618122) was selected, containing as active ingredients (a) nicosulfuron or its salt, (b) terbutylazine or its salt and (c) compound (C), which is at least one herbicidal compound, selected from the group (C1) consisting of sulcotrione, bicyclopirone, mesotrione, topramezone and their salts; and groups

- 1,037805 (C2), which is at least one very long chain fatty acid biosynthesis inhibitor selected from the group consisting of dimetenamide-P, flufenacet and their salts. In this case (a) is used in an amount of 10 to 100 g / ha, (b) is used in an amount of 200 to 2000 g / ha, and (c) is used in an amount of 10 to 2000 g / ha.

A common disadvantage of the known analogs is the lack of activity against dicotyledonous weeds.

The technical problem of the proposed solution is to develop a synergistic herbicidal composition for use in corn crops, which has a high herbicidal activity and a long-term effect during the growing season.

The technical result achieved from the use of the proposed herbicidal composition is the ability to fight a variety of undesirable plants; manifestation of a synergistic herbicidal effect; increased herbicidal activity; the ability to apply a com position during the entire growing season.

This goal is achieved through the use of a herbicidal composition for controlling weed dicotyledonous and cereal plants in corn crops, containing as active ingredients (A) terbutylazine, (B) nicosulfuron and (C) another herbicide. As another herbicide, 2,4-D and its derivatives are used with the ratio in the mixture (A) :( B) :( C) equal to (1-15): 1: (0.5-7).

As derivatives of 2,4-D, 2,4-D (2-ethylhexyl ether) or 2,4-D (low volatile C ₇ -C ₉ esters), 2,4-D (dimethylamine salt) are used.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1. Evaluation of the biological effectiveness of active substances.

Artificial Climate Laboratory (VCI); sunflower is a model of dicotyledonous weeds.

Conditions for the experiment.

Spraying of plants in the phase of 2-4 leaves for dicotyledonous weeds.

Sowing into the soil to a depth of 3-4 cm, 4 repetitions per variant.

Growing at 22-23 ° C and 10,000 Lux lighting at 16 hours of daylight. The term of registration in the experiment is 14 days after treatment.

The results of evaluating the comparative level of phytotoxicity of various proposed compositions for corn are shown in table. one.

The purpose of laboratory studies is to achieve biological effectiveness in the range of 10-70%, therefore, reduced dosages of various active substances are used while maintaining their declared DV ratios. Whereas in field experiments, the full dose of DV is used until a biological effectiveness of more than 70% is achieved.

According to the results of statistical processing, the following data on the synergy coefficient were obtained. The calculation was made as follows.

Synergistic (additive, antagonistic) interactions were calculated using the Colby-Limpel formula

Eojid - A + B + C -

AB + AC + BC

100

ABC

10000 where E _Waiting - the expected effect of the preparation of the composite (A + B + C);

A -% reduction in the ground mass of the test plant from the use of herbicide A individually at a dosage close to its content in the composition;

B -% decrease in the ground mass of the test plant from the application of herbicide B in the order similar to the previous one;

C -% reduction in the ground mass of the test plant from the application of herbicide C in the same order.

If the ratio between the experimentally observed efficiency (E _exp .) And the expected efficiency (E _expect ) - synergistic factor (SF) - is more than 1, the mixture exhibits a synergistic effect

E

SF = -e expect

A similar result for the synergistic effect was obtained using 2,4-D (low volatile C ₇ -C ₉ esters) and 2,4-D (dimethylamine salt).

This synergistic effect ensures increased reliability against competing crop weeds, resulting in a significant reduction in the amount of active ingredient required for weed control.

Example 2. Biological tests during the growing season.

Purpose: herbicide for the control of annual and perennial cereals and annual dicotyledonous weeds. Experiment period: growing season 2018

Place of the experiment: Russian Federation, Astrakhan region.

Soil and climatic zone: III - zone of chestnut soils of the dry steppe region, the region of cultivation of agricultural crops - the Volga region.

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Culture: corn. Hybrid: Leader 165 SV. Seeding rate: 25 kg / ha. Plant development phase at the time of processing: 2-4 leaves. Tillage: in autumn - autumn plowing to a depth of 20-25 cm; spring cultivation with harrowing. Multiplicity of treatments: once. Method of application: spraying vegetative plants. Working fluid consumption: 300 l / ha.

Harmful objects and phases of development of weeds at the time of treatment are given in table. 2.

The experiment scheme is presented in table. 3. Used compositions (terbutylazine + nicosulfuron + 2,4-D and its derivatives).

The period of protective action of the herbicide: during the growing season. The test results are presented in table. four.

Experience in assessing the biological effectiveness and safety of the proposed herbicidal composition was laid on crops of corn hybrid Leader 165 CB in the phase of 2-4 leaves of the crop.

The influence of the proposed composition on the total weediness of corn crops is presented in table. 4. A mixture of the prototype terbutylazine + nicosulfuron (250 + 30 g / l), SE was used as a reference. Counting was carried out 30 days after treatment.

In the sowing of corn, there were no sparseness and signs of oppression of plants of the culture, the development of which took place in accordance with its biological characteristics. The use of the proposed composition was safe for the protected culture. Visually, no negative effect of the herbicide on crop plants was revealed.

The decrease in the amount of cereal and dicotyledonous weeds after treatment with 2.0 l / ha with the proposed mixture exceeded the efficiency of 2.0 l / ha of the standard.

The grain yield of corn hybrid Leader 165 CB when using the proposed composition (see table. 3) in the control is higher than the standard (table. 4).

Table 1

No. Name of active ingredients (D. of.) Ratio -nie (D.V.) Consumption rate, g DV / ha Biological efficiency,% E EXP. E LIVED SF one. terbutylazine (A) fourteen 100 150 10.9 49.4 62.8 2. nicosulfuron (B) 10 12 fourteen 17.3 18.0 22.4 3. 2,4-D (C) five 32.4 98 11.1 31.8 46.4 four. (A) + (B) + (C) 1: 1: 7 14 + 14 + 98 70.5 62.94 1.12 five. (A) + (B) + (C) 8.33: 1: 2.7 100 + 12 + 32.4 89.6 71.70 1.25 6. (A) + (B) + (C) 15: 1: 0.5 150 + 10 + 5 85.8 72.65 1.18 7. 2,4-D / 2-ethylhexyl ether / C1 five 32.4 98.0 14.2 35.1 48.5 eight. (A) + (B) + (C!) 1: 1: 7 14 + 14 + 98 75.3 64.39 1.17 nine. (A) + (B) + (Ci) 8.33: 1: 2.7 100 + 12 + 32.4 88.0 73.07 1.20 10. (A) + (B) + (Ci) 15: 1: 0.5 150 + 10 + 5 87.4 70.52 1.24 AND. 2,4-D D / low volatile esters C7-C9 / C ₂ 5.0 32.4 98.0 11.9 30.5 49.0 12. (A) + (B) + (C ₂ ) 1: 1: 7 14 + 14 + 98 72.5 64.75 1.12 13. (A) + (B) + (C ₂ ) 8.33: 1: 2.7 100 + 12 + 32.4 76.9 71.16 1.08 fourteen. (A) + (B) + (C ₂ ) 15: 1: 0.5 150 + 10 + 5 88.9 72.89 1.22 fifteen. 2,4-D / dimethylamine salt / Cs five 32.4 98.0 9.1 27.3 41.9 sixteen. (A) + (B) + (C ₃ ) 1: 1: 7 14 + 14 + 98 63.5 59.83 1.06 17. (A) + (B) + (C ₃ ) 8.33: 1: 2.7 100 + 12 + 32.4 77.5 69.85 1.11 eighteen. (A) + (B) + (C ₃ ) 15: 1: 0.5 150 + 10 + 5 80.1 72.04 1.11 nineteen.

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Weed species Weeds development phases Herbaceous common seedlings - 1-3 leaves, up to 12 cm Mary white 1-4 sheets, up to 11 cm Bird knotweed 2-6 leaves, up to 13 cm Hibiscus trifoliate 1-2 leaves, up to 6 cm Tripoli Hungarian 2-6 leaves, up to 14 cm Backward thrown back 1-2 sheets, up to 5 cm Kanatnik Theophrastus 1-2 sheets, up to 4 cm |

table 2

# # Experiments Experience options Application standards one composition (terbutylazine + nicosulfuron + 2,4-D) (250 + 30 + 80) g / l (8.33: 1: 2.67) 2.0 l / ha 2 composition terbutylazine + nicosulfuron + 2,4-D / 2-ethylhexyl ether / (250 + 30 + 80) g / l (8.33: 1: 2.7) 2.0 l / ha 3 composition terbutylazine + nicosulfuron + 2,4-D / low volatile esters C7-C9 / (250 + 30 + 80) g / l (8.33: 1: 2.67) 2.0 l / ha four composition terbutylazine + nicosulfuron + 2,4-D / dimethylamine salt / (250 + 30 + 80) g / l (8.33: 1: 2.67) 2.0 l / ha five Standard: terbutylazine + nicosulfuron (250 + 30) g / l 2.0 l / ha 6 ... Control -

Table 3

Experience options The number of weeds, ind./m ² Efficiency,% Average yield dicotyledons cereals dicotyledons cereals c / ha % to control one eight eleven 85.2 65.6 56.9 117.3 2 five nine 90.7 71.8 57.4 118.4 3 10 13 81.5 59.4 58.5 120.6 four eleven 10 79.6 68.7 57.0 117.5 5.reference 25 12 53.7 65.6 52.1 107.4 6.control 54 32 - - 48.5 100

Table 4

Claims (2)

CLAIM 1. Herbicidal composition for controlling weed dicotyledonous and cereal plants in corn crops, containing as active ingredients (A) terbutylazine, (B) nicosulfuron and (C) another herbicide, characterized in that 2.4 -D and its derivatives in a mixture ratio (A) :( B) :( C) equal to (1-15): 1: (0.5-7). 2. A herbicidal composition for controlling weed dicotyledonous and cereal plants in corn crops according to claim 1, characterized in that 2,4-D (2ethylhexyl ether) or 2,4-D (low volatile esters C7-C9), 2,4-D (dimethylamine salt).