EA006003B1 - Wall sections for facade building and the like - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a wall section for facade lining or the like with embedded or laid in a layer from solid foam plastic or stones, ceramic items, brick strips and the like, the joints between slabs can be closed with mortar. The invention is aimed at improving known methods of facade lining. The task is solved using wall sections having plates or stones, ceramics brick strips or the like embedded or laid in the layer from solid foam plastic or stones, ceramic items, brick strips and the like or sticked thereon in which grooves are provided on the back side of the wall section. The grooves serve for substantially equalize steam pressure and/or for reducing surface stress. They can be arranged vertically, but horizontal arrangement of grooves position or a combination of both horizontal and vertical arrangement of grooves are usable as well. Skew location of grooves or part thereof is also applicable.

Description

The invention relates to a wall element for cladding facades or the like with embedded or embedded in a layer of solid foam slabs or stones, ceramics, stripes of brick or the like, and the joints between the plates can be closed with mortar.

It is known that for houses cladding is additionally made from wall elements that have the appearance of masonry. However, with such wall elements there is difficulty in implanting the masonry for the entire walls of the houses.

So that the individual wall elements and their reinforcement sites are almost invisible, there is a well-known method in which the plates are so arranged and the supporting layer of solid foam is formed in such a way that in the vertical edges of the wall element of the plate together with the part of the supporting layer related to them foam alternately protrude above one vertical edging.

In this case, the protruding plates of one vertical edge must simultaneously be located with a shift approximately by half of the length of the plate relative to the corresponding plates of the other vertical edge.

This should happen so that in two side-by-side wall elements, slabs of one wall element protruding above the vertical edging enter the gaps of the adjacent wall element formed between the two protruding plates and thus form a closed masonry with a closed layer of solid foam (35 03 543 A1).

It is also known that in order to achieve a certain, uniform, especially flat surface of adjacent plates of known location, adjacent wall elements that are similar to a ridge are connected to each other with a groove and spike and are equipped in vertical and horizontal directions with overlapping portions of a layer of solid foam ( ΌΕ 92 13,076 I1).

The basis of the invention lies in the task of improving the known samples of wall elements. This task is solved by a wall element having slabs or stones, ceramics, strips of brick or the like, embedded and / or embedded in a layer of solid foam or glued to it, in which grooves are provided on the reverse side of the wall element. The grooves serve essentially to equalize the vapor pressure and / or to reduce surface tension. They can be positioned vertically, but the horizontal positioning of the grooves or a combination of vertically passing and horizontally passing grooves are also advantageous. Also, obliquely running grooves or portions of the grooves are advantageously applicable.

In a more advanced form of the invention, distance sleeves are located between the grooves on one side and in the joints between stones or slabs on the other side, which penetrate into the wall element and allow the wall element to be strengthened on the supporting wall so that when strengthened they cannot be squeezed out of the wall element.

The hole of the distance sleeve lies in the junction between the two adjacent plates behind the notch, which reaches to the depth of the distance sleeve embedded in the foam plastic. These distance sleeves cover the piercing hole through the hole. The recess can be closed with an appropriately sized foam element. On the reverse side, these distance sleeves run out on planes between the grooves, but not in the area of the grooves.

The invention achieves the equalization of the vapor pressure and / or reduction of the surface tension, and thus, the occurrence of moisture and the risk of damage to the wall element are largely avoided. The grooves end in the canals of the wall element in the extreme portions which are recessed relative to the surface of the back side of the wall element, and moreover, as a result, ensure the distribution of vapor pressure between adjacent wall elements, and in this case, perhaps moreover.

In addition, interconnected or locking protrusions and recesses, as well as grooves and spikes, provide a lighter and more stable connection between adjacent wall elements, as well as the best choice for successfully realizing the connection between these wall elements.

For a more detailed explanation of the invention, hereinafter several examples of its implementation are described by means of drawings in which the following is depicted.

FIG. 1 - the image of the front side of the wall element;

in fig. 2 is a depiction of the back side of the wall element according to FIG. one;

in fig. 3 is a side view of the horizontal edging of the wall element in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 is a side view of the vertical edging of the wall element in FIG. 2; in fig. 5 is a depiction of another embodiment of the back side of the wall element according to FIG. one;

in fig. 6 is a depiction of another alternative of the back side of the wall element according to FIG. one.

FIG. 1 shows a wall element 1 with slabs 5 of hard stone or ceramics embedded in a layer of solid foam 2, 3 and subsequently referred to as ceramic plates. In the manufacture of a layer of solid foam, these ceramic plates 5, for example, were embedded in this material in the manner described in No. 3033 819A1.

As a result, solid foam boards are obtained, which have high thermal insulation and at the same time strength.

Wall element 1 has upper and lower edges 1a and 1b, which serve to connect wall element 1 with, respectively, higher or lower located, similarly made, they are not

-1006003 depicted wall elements, which are adapted to each other groove and, accordingly, spike or adapted to each other protrusions and recesses.

For the use of such wall elements 1 for the purpose of additional cladding of facades in wall elements 1, several space sleeves 9 with drilled holes or holes 6 are provided at certain places, through which (not shown) connecting screws can be pushed up to (not shown) , for example, to the facade.

These drilled holes 6, holes or the like are located in the joints 7 between the ceramic plates 5 and after the reinforcement of all wall elements 1, i.e. after facing the facade, together with the joints 7, they are closed with mortar. FIG. 1 wall elements 1 have a very thick layer of solid foam 2, about 80 mm.

The drilled holes 6 are located in the bottom of the notches 8, which, before using the mortar, are closed by appropriately adapted foam elements in order to protect the screw connection from water penetration. When using thinner layers 2 of solid foam distance sleeves 9 may also end directly in the joints 7.

Wall elements 1 can be securely and evenly strengthened on the basis of, for example, on the facade, so that the screws are not pressed into the layers 2 of solid foam. For this purpose, drilled holes 6 or the like have a wall of hard, rigid material. This wall is formed, for example, by a sleeve 9 with flange-like ends, between which a layer 2 of solid foam is placed.

In the manufacture of layers 2 of solid foam, i.e. when exposed to high temperature, these distance sleeves 9 are embedded in the material of the foam together with ceramic plates 5 in the same technological operation. The material for the manufacture of these distance sleeves is a plastic material that is resistant to water vapor, approximately to a temperature of 150 °.

Ceramic plates 5 are of such dimensions and are so arranged that ceramic plates 5 of wall element 1 together with a part of solid foam of one wall element 1 respectively attached to them, entered as teeth 4 in recesses 3 of the adjacent adjacent wall element 1 and closed these recesses 3.

In a similar way, the ceramic plates 5 of the respective adjacent wall element 1 extend beyond the edge of this wall element 1 and enter the recesses 3 of the wall element 1. In the wall element 1, the recesses 3 have a back reinforcement using a layer of solid foam of reduced thickness (), which, together with layer 2 is made from one piece. This layer on the ground of the notch 3 is thinner than the entire layer 2. Layer 2, respectively, is emitted somewhere above the plates 5 and, as a result, forms part of the joints 7 for the adjacent wall element. The layer at the site of the notch 3 of reduced thickness (Ό) projects in the vertical and horizontal edges of the wall element 1 with the intersection strip 21 above the protruding parts. These protruding parts 21 form an intersection zone in front of the ridge-like protrusions.

One layer in the place of the notch 3 of the foam material together with the layer 2 of the adjacent wall element, consisting of one piece of foam material of reduced thickness, also has a thickness less than layer 2 at the places where the ceramic plates 5 extend above the edging of the wall element, so that the ceramic plates 5 with their base are included in the fed notches 3.

One layer of reduced thickness, serving as a comb-like basis for laying ceramic plates 5, also forms 5 parts of the joints 7 in front of the plates. In addition, this layer in its original area is a plane that extends along the front side vertically to the longitudinal direction of the ceramic plates 5, which the area of the protruding plane of the wall element 1 is overlapping.

In this way, a dense lining without bridges of heat or cold is achieved. In addition, this design creates a uniformly smooth outside surface of all longitudinally connected with each other like a comb of ceramic plates 5 of wall elements 1. As a result, the achieved gearing of adjacent wall elements 1 in areas of their intersection after installation with mortar gives a unified facade. At the same time, the execution of wall elements 1 like a ridge and their unified intersection planes 21 are guides for wall elements 1, 2 in the process of their hammering.

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the wall element 1 shown in FIG. 1, for the purpose of illustrating the invention, grooves or depressions 10 are provided. These grooves 10 approximately 3 mm deep and 10 mm wide extend generally in the vertical direction, i.e. vertically to the gearing direction 3, 4. The distances between the grooves 10 can to be the same, but their shape, location and frequency can also be determined from experience depending on the distribution of vapor pressure or to reduce surface tension.

However, the width of the grooves and the depth of the grooves can be adapted to the needs. In the horizontal edges 1a, 1b of the wall element 1, the grooves 10 end in sections 20 that have a recess opposite the surface 22 of the layer 2 of solid foam, as shown in FIG. 4. These sections 20 can also serve to connect adjacent wall elements, as well as to distribute the vapor pressure over one or several adjacent wall elements 1.

-2006003

A similar arrangement of the grooves 10 is provided with similarly made wall elements connected above or below with wall element 1. The grooves 10 of adjacent wall elements can be a continuation of each other. However, they can be located with a shift relative to each other.

FIG. 3 shows a view on the upper side of the horizontal edge of the wall element 1 in FIG. 2 with overlapping regions of the layer 2 of solid foam. In the overlapping areas 21, mainly grooves 16 are provided on the one hand and elongated projections 17 on the other hand, which provide locking overlap of the wall elements 1 lying side by side. The wall elements 1 lying one above the other are connected to each other, preferably with grooves and tongues as shown in FIG. four.

At the same time, easy installation of those wall elements 1 is carried out, which are placed in the lower wall elements 1 and docked with wall elements 1 already laid at the side.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of a wall element 1 and a vertical edging with a depiction of a groove 14 and a tenon 15 in a horizontal border and with recessed portions 20 for distributing the vapor pressure. The recess of the portion 20 relative to the surface 22 may correspond to the depth of the grooves 10.

FIG. 5 shows another variant of the back side of the wall element 1 in FIG. 1. Also in FIG. 5 shows the grooves in the back side of the wall element 1, moreover, these grooves 11 are arranged horizontally, i.e. in one direction with gearing 3, 4. They are also depicted with a certain distance. The recessed end portions of the back side 22 here also provide for the distribution of steam pressure over the adjacent wall elements.

FIG. 6 shows a wall element with a combination of grooves 10, 11 of FIG. 2 and 4. Here are the grooves 10 of a substantially vertical direction and / or of the grooves 11 of a substantially horizontal direction. The grooves are partially formed without interruption. Also, oblique arrangement of the grooves 12 can be advantageous. The individual zones have interruptions 13, as a result of which, for example, the grooves 10, 11 are separated from each other or from additional oblique grooves 12 by an elevation or recess.

In parallel to the longitudinal direction of the plates 5 or the ridge-like protrusions 3, 4 made in the layer 2 of solid foam, the wall elements 1 have connecting elements, for example, overlapping strips 21 in the vertical direction with spikes or grooves along one horizontal edge and with grooves or spikes along the opposite horizontal edge of the corresponding wall element. The grooves and spikes are connected, forming the zone of intersection 21, and thus stabilize the connection of the long sides, as well as the zone of transition from the longitudinal edges to the transverse edges in the corner.

Provided grooves 10, 11 12 and / or their interruptions are formed in the process of manufacturing plates of solid foam, for example, using positioned bridges nested in the form.

List of Legend

- wall element;

1a, 1b - horizontal edges of wall element 1;

- a layer of solid foam;

- a notch in the wall element 1, a layer of solid foam of reduced thickness;

- teeth;

- ceramic stones;

- drilled holes (holes) in 2;

- joints;

- notch in front of 6;

- distance sleeves;

- vertical grooves on the back of layer 2;

- horizontal grooves in layer 2;

- oblique grooves in layer 2;

- interruption of grooves;

- groove;

- thorn;

- grooves;

- longitudinal projections;

- in-depth areas at the edges;

- strips of intersection of horizontal and vertical edges of wall element 1;

- surface of the back side;

Claims (9)

CLAIM 1. A wall element for facing facades or the like, containing slabs or stones, ceramics, strips of brick or the like, embedded and / or embedded in a layer of rigid foam or glued to it, and the joints between the plates can be closed with -3006003 mortar, characterized in that on the rear side of the wall element (1) grooves (10, 11, 12) are made. 2. The wall element according to claim 1, characterized in that the grooves (10, 11, 12) mainly serve to equalize the vapor pressure. 3. Wall element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grooves (10) are arranged vertically. 4. Wall element according to claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the grooves (11) are located horizontally. 5. Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the location of the grooves (10, 11) is a combination of vertically extending grooves and horizontally extending grooves. 6. Wall element according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the grooves are oblique or have oblique parts of the grooves (12). 7. The wall element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the grooves (10, 11, 12) have a depth of 3 mm and a width of 10 mm. 8. The wall element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the grooves (10, 11, 12) have interruptions (13). 9. The wall element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the grooves (10, 11, 12) end in front of the edges (1a, 1b) of the wall element (1) in the recessed areas (20).