DK201600078U3

DK201600078U3 - Raw water purification apparatus

Info

Publication number: DK201600078U3
Application number: DKBA201600078U
Authority: DK
Inventors: Peter Borch Nielsen
Original assignee: Krüger As
Priority date: 2016-06-30
Filing date: 2016-06-30
Publication date: 2017-10-13

Abstract

Frembringelsen tilvejebringer et apparat til rensning af råvand. Apparatet omfatter et iltningskammer for iltning af råvandet, hvor iltningskammer omfatter en beluftningsenhed for tilførsel af luft til iltningskammeret. Apparatet omfatter endvidere et koaguleringskammer for udfældning af partikler fra råvandet, hvor koaguleringskammeret omfatter en koaguleringstilsætningsenhed for tilsætning af et koaguleringsmiddel til koaguleringskammeret. Yderligere omfatter apparatet en filterenhed, som omfatter et første porøst filtermateriale, for filtrering af råvandet, samt en flowstruktur for tilvejebringelse af et flow af råvand fra iltningskammeret, til koaguleringskammeret og videre til filterenheden, samt en styreenhed til styring af flowstrukturen for regulering af flowet. Apparatet omfatter yderligere en mobil enhed, hvori iltningskammeret, koaguleringskammeret, filterenheden og flowstrukturen er anbragt.The generation provides an apparatus for purifying raw water. The apparatus comprises an oxygenation chamber for oxygenation of the raw water, the oxygenation chamber comprising an aeration unit for supplying air to the oxygenation chamber. The apparatus further comprises a coagulation chamber for precipitating particles from the raw water, wherein the coagulation chamber comprises a coagulation additive unit for adding a coagulant to the coagulation chamber. Further, the apparatus comprises a filter unit comprising a first porous filter material for filtering the raw water, and a flow structure for providing a flow of raw water from the oxygenation chamber, to the coagulation chamber and further to the filter unit, and a control unit for controlling the flow structure for controlling the flow. The apparatus further comprises a mobile unit in which the oxygenation chamber, the coagulation chamber, the filter unit and the flow structure are arranged.

Description

APPARAT T! L RENSN! NG AF RÅVANDDEVICE T! L CLEAN! NG OF RAWWATER

Frembringelsen angår et apparat ti! rensning al råvand. Apparatet omfatter en flerhed af karnre. Råvandet kan efter rensning anvendes sorn drikkevand.The production relates to an apparatus ten! purifying all raw water. The apparatus comprises a plurality of tubes. The raw water after purification can be used clean drinking water.

Betegnelsen "råvand” dækker i denne forbindelse over vand af en sådan kvalitet, at det efter behandling kan anvendes som drikkevand, dvs. grundvand og i nogle tilfælde overfladevand fra søer, vandløb eller floder. Vandbehandlingen (også kaldet rensningen) omfatter i de fleste tilfælde Iltning (også kaldet beiuftnlng) og filtrering.In this context, the term "raw water" covers water of such quality that after treatment it can be used as drinking water, ie groundwater and in some cases surface water from lakes, streams or rivers. Oxygenation (also known as air) and filtration.

Formålet med nærværende frembringelse er at tilvejebringe et apparat til rensning af råvand, herunder råvand i form af overfladevand.The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for purifying raw water, including surface water in the form of surface water.

Apparatet omfatter et iltningskammer for iltning af råvandet.The apparatus comprises an oxygenation chamber for oxygenation of the raw water.

Betegnelsen "Iltning” dækker i denne forbindelse over tilførsel af ilt til vandet. Ilt tilføres ved at tilføre luft eller ilt ti! vandet I iltningskammeret. Dette kammer kan være et lukket eller et åbent kammer, og ilten kan således tilføres i både åbne og lukkede systemer.In this connection, the term "oxygenation" refers to the supply of oxygen to the water. Oxygen is supplied by supplying air or oxygen to the water in the oxygenation chamber. This chamber can be a closed or open chamber, and thus the oxygen can be supplied in both open and closed. systems.

Ved tilførsel af luft, således vandet Iltes, er det desuden muligt at Ijerne flygtige stoller sorn eksempelvis metan og svovlbrinte. Endvidere vi! tilførsel af ilt ofte give en bedre smagsoplevelse, og en efterfølgende filtrering for rensning for jern, mangan og ammonium vil kunne lettes.Furthermore, when supplying air, thus watered to Iltes, it is possible for the irons to volatilize solids such as methane and hydrogen sulphide. Furthermore we! The addition of oxygen often gives a better taste and subsequent filtration for purification of iron, manganese and ammonium can be facilitated.

Iltningskammeret omfatter en beluftningsenhed for tilførsel af luft ti! iltningskammeret. Beluftningsenheden vi! typisk tilføre luft i intervallet fra 0,0-2,0 m3 luft per m3 vand i kammeret, så som i intervallet 0,2-1,2 nrVm3, så som omkring 0,5 m3/m:\ Det vil således i nogle udførelsesformer være muligt at slukke for beluftningsenheden i kortere eller længere perioder.The oxygen chamber comprises an aeration unit for supplying air to the air! iltningskammeret. The aeration unit we! typically supply air in the range of 0.0-2.0 m3 air per m3 water in the chamber, such as in the range 0.2-1.2 nrVm3, such as about 0.5 m3 / m: \ embodiments may be possible to switch off the aeration unit for shorter or longer periods.

Ved anvendelse af overfladevand som råvand kan iltningen være en fordel, specielt om vinteren og om foråret, hvor der kan have været en periode med isdækket overfladevand, hvorfor iltindholdet i råvandet kan være lavt.By using surface water as raw water, oxygenation can be an advantage, especially in winter and spring, where there may have been a period of ice-covered surface water, which is why the oxygen content in the raw water can be low.

Apparatet omfatter desuden et koaguleringskammer for udfældning af partikler fra råvandet. Betegnelsen "koagulering” dækker I denne forbindelse over udfældning af partikler i vandet, hvorved Indholdet af blandt andet kollolder, småpartikler, organisk stof, jern og/eller aluminium kan reduceres.The apparatus further comprises a coagulation chamber for precipitation of particles from the raw water. In this context, the term "coagulation" covers the precipitation of particles in the water, whereby the contents of, for example, carbon dioxide, small particles, organic matter, iron and / or aluminum can be reduced.

Kammeret omfatter en koaguleringstilsætningsenhed for tilsætning af et koaguieringsmidde! tii koaguleringskammeret. Koaguleringsmidlet kan efter tilsætning udfældes i vandet, og ved efterfølgende kemlsk(e) reaktion(er) i vandet kan urenhederne bindestil det udfældede koaguleringsmiddel, således at der dannes partikler i vandet (også kaldet fiokkulering).The chamber comprises a coagulating additive for adding a coagulant! tii the coagulation chamber. The coagulant may, after addition, be precipitated in the water, and by subsequent chemical reaction (s) in the water, the impurities may bind to the precipitated coagulant so as to form particles in the water (also called flocculation).

For at opnå en hurtig opblanding af koaguieringsm idlet i råvande! i koaguleringskammeret, kan det være en fordel at vælge et flydende koaguleringsmiddel. Koaguleringsmidlet kan eksempelvis være polyaiuminiumkiorld eller jernklorid.To obtain a rapid mixing of the coagulant in raw water! in the coagulation chamber, it may be advantageous to choose a liquid coagulant. The coagulant may be, for example, polyethylene chloride or iron chloride.

Da den optimale pH-værdi for de(n) kemiske reaktion(er) afhænger af råvandets sammensætning og dermed varierer fra lokalitet tii lokalitet, kan det være en fordel at mængden og/eller typen af koaguieringsm iddel kan varieres. Erfaringsmæssigt ligger den optimale pH-værdi for udfældning af aluminiumprodukter i intervallet pH: 5,5 - 7,0 og for jernprodukter i intervallet pH: 4,0 - 7,0.Since the optimum pH value for the chemical reaction (s) depends on the composition of the raw water and thus varies from site to site, it may be advantageous that the amount and / or type of coagulant can be varied. Experience shows that the optimum pH value for the precipitation of aluminum products is in the range pH: 5.5 - 7.0 and for iron products in the range pH: 4.0 - 7.0.

Endvidere omfatter apparatet en filterenhed, som omfatter et første porøst filtermateriale, for filtrering af råvandet. På filtermaterialets overflade og mellem filterkornene kan vandet afsætte partikulært stof. Nogle af disse stoffer kan omdannes ved biologiske processer i filteret.Further, the apparatus comprises a filter unit comprising a first porous filter material for filtering the raw water. On the surface of the filter material and between the filter grains, the water can deposit particulate matter. Some of these substances can be converted by biological processes into the filter.

Apparatet vi! typisk være udformet, således råvandet først ledes ti! iltningskammeret, hvorfra det typisk ledes til koagulereringskammet. Herefter vi! det typisk ledes tii fiiterenheden.The apparatus we! typically be designed so that the raw water is first passed ten! the oxygenation chamber, from which it is typically directed to the coagulation chamber. Then we! it is typically directed to the feed unit.

Apparatet omfatter derfor desuden en flowstruktur for tilvejebringelse af et flow af råvand fra iltningskammeret, tii koaguleringskammeret og videre tii fiiterenheden. Flowstrukturen kan omfatte en eller flere pumper, en eller flere ventiler, en eller flere rørstykker og/elier en eller flere åbninger mellem de forskellige kamre. Endvidere kan apparatet omfatte et tilløb for råvand, samt et udløb for råvand efter rensning i apparatet. Tilløbet og/elier udløbet kan udgøre en de! af flowstrukturen.Therefore, the apparatus further comprises a flow structure for providing a flow of raw water from the oxygenation chamber, into the coagulation chamber and further to the feeding unit. The flow structure may comprise one or more pumps, one or more valves, one or more pipe pieces and / or one or more openings between the various chambers. Furthermore, the apparatus may comprise an inlet for raw water, as well as an outlet for raw water after purification in the apparatus. The inlet and / or outlet can be a de! of the flow structure.

Endvidere omfatter apparatet en styreenhed til styring af flowstrukturen for regulering af fiowet. Styreenheden kan være kobiet ti! en eller flere pumper, en eller flere ventiler og/elier en eller flere åbninger mellem de forskel I ige kamre, således at fiowet kan reguleres ved at åbne og lukke en eller flere af disse. Dette kan ske samtidigt eller tidsforskudt. Det kan således være muligt at styre de enkelte elementer enkeltvist.Furthermore, the apparatus comprises a control unit for controlling the flow structure for regulating the violet. The control unit can be the cube ten! one or more pumps, one or more valves and / or one or more openings between the various chambers, so that the viowet can be regulated by opening and closing one or more of these. This can be done simultaneously or time-shifted. Thus, it may be possible to control the individual elements individually.

Apparatet er særegnet ved at det yderligere omfatter en mobil enhed, hvori iltningskammeret, koaguleringskammeret, fiiterenheden og i det mindste en de! af flowstrukturen er anbragt. Ved at anbringe i det mindste en del af apparatets dele i en mobil enhed kan apparatet nemmere transporteres. Dette gælder også i de tilfælde, hvor apparatet skal opstilles i et område med vanskelige adgangsforhold.The apparatus is characterized in that it further comprises a mobile unit in which the oxygenation chamber, the coagulation chamber, the feeding unit and at least one of them! of the flow structure is arranged. By placing at least part of the appliance parts in a mobile unit, the appliance can be transported more easily. This also applies in cases where the appliance is to be installed in an area with difficult access conditions.

Den mobile enhed kan eksempelvis være en container, hvorved transporten lettes yderligere.For example, the mobile unit may be a container, thereby further facilitating transport.

Apparatet kan i en udførelsesform omfatte mindst en yderligere mobil enhed, således apparatet omfatter to eller flere mobile enheder. Når disse mobile enheder er af samme størrelse og indrettet på samme måde, er det muligt at opstille apparatet som et enkelt og standardiseret koncept ved sammenkobling af to ens enheder. Modulopbygning sikrer således nem tilpasning af kapaciteten til det aktuelle behov. I en udførelsesform er styreenheden indrettet til at styre flowstrukturen i en flerhed af mobile enheder, hvorved en enkelt styreenhed kan styre flowstrukturen i en flerhed af mobile enheder. Dette kan eksempelvis ske ved at styre flowstrukturen, således råvandet samtidigt ledes gennem flerheden af mobile enheder. Alternativt kan det ske ved, at råvand ledes gennem en eller flere mobile enheder, mens der Ikke ledes råvand gennem en eller flere andre mobile enheder, hvilket muliggør rengøring, reparation, mv. af den eller de mobile enheder, som ikke er i brug. I en udførelsesform kan beluftningsenheden være anbragt i den nederste dei af iltningskammeret, så som i den nederste tredjedel, så som i den nederste fjerdedel af kammeret, for således at tilvejebringe et i det væsentlige opadgående luftflow i iltningskammeret, således iltningen kan effektiviseres, idet en større andel af råvandet påvirkes af iltningen. Endvidere kan afblæsning af opløste gasser ske fra en større del af råvandet i kammeret.In one embodiment, the apparatus may comprise at least one additional mobile unit, thus the apparatus comprises two or more mobile units. When these mobile units are the same size and arranged in the same way, it is possible to set up the device as a simple and standardized concept by connecting two identical units. Modular design thus ensures easy adaptation of capacity to the current needs. In one embodiment, the control unit is arranged to control the flow structure of a plurality of mobile units, whereby a single controller can control the flow structure of a plurality of mobile units. This can be done, for example, by controlling the flow structure, so that raw water is simultaneously passed through the plurality of mobile units. Alternatively, this can be done by passing raw water through one or more mobile units, while no raw water is conducted through one or more other mobile units, which enables cleaning, repair, etc. of the mobile device (s) not in use. In one embodiment, the aeration unit may be located in the lower part of the oxygenation chamber, such as in the lower third, as well as in the lower quarter of the chamber, so as to provide a substantially upward flow of air in the oxygenation chamber, so that oxygenation can be effected. greater proportion of the raw water is affected by oxygenation. Furthermore, the dissolution of dissolved gases can occur from a larger part of the raw water in the chamber.

Beluftningsenheden kan omfatte en flerhed af åbninger indrettet ti! tilvejebringelse af et i det væsentlige opadgående luftflow i iltningskammeret. Åbningerne kan være anbragt i et beluftningsrør med en luftåbning, hvor igennem luft kan ledes ind i røret og videre ind i kammeret via åbningerne. Beluftningsenheden kan endvidere omfatte en pumpe, således at luften kan blæses ind i kammeret.The aeration unit may comprise a plurality of openings arranged ten! providing a substantially upward airflow in the oxygenation chamber. The openings may be arranged in an aeration pipe having an air opening through which air can be passed into the pipe and further into the chamber via the openings. The aeration unit may further comprise a pump so that the air can be blown into the chamber.

Beluftningsenheden kan med fordel anbringes, så den udtrækker sig i et I det væsentlige vandret plan. Hvis åbningerne endvidere tilvejebringes I det væsentlige jævnt fordelt over beluftningsenheden, kan iltning og afblæsning effektiviseres yderligere.Advantageously, the aeration unit may be positioned to extend into a substantially horizontal plane. Furthermore, if the openings are provided substantially evenly distributed over the aeration unit, oxygenation and blowdown can be further streamlined.

I en udførelsesform omfatter beluftningsenheden en flerhed af i det væsentlige parallelle rør, hvori åbningerne er tilvejebragt. Disse parallelle rør kan være monteret på et fælles indløbsrør, der anvendes til at lede luften Ind i kammeret via åbningerne i de parallelle rør. I en udføreisesform kan der anvendes en flerhed af indløbsrør, således at nogle af de parallelle rør er anbragt på et indløbsrør, mens andre af de parallelle rør er anbragt på et andet indløbsrør. De to sæt af parallelle rør modtager således luft fra to forskellige Indiøbsrør.In one embodiment, the aeration unit comprises a plurality of substantially parallel tubes in which the openings are provided. These parallel pipes may be mounted on a common inlet pipe used to conduct air into the chamber via the openings in the parallel pipes. In one embodiment, a plurality of inlet pipes may be used so that some of the parallel pipes are arranged on one inlet pipe while others of the parallel pipes are arranged on another inlet pipe. Thus, the two sets of parallel pipes receive air from two different inlet pipes.

For at sikre at koaguleringsmidlet fordeles i det væsentligt i hele mængden af råvand i koaguleringskammeret, og dermed opnå en optimal udnyttelse af den tilsatte mængde af koaguleringsmidlet, kan koaguleringskammeret med fordel omfatte en mixerenhed indrettet til at skabe turbulens råvandet I koaguleringskammeret.In order to ensure that the coagulant is distributed substantially throughout the amount of raw water in the coagulant chamber, and thus obtain optimum utilization of the added amount of the coagulant, the coagulant chamber may advantageously comprise a mixing unit adapted to create turbulent raw water in the coagulant chamber.

Ved de(n) kemiske reaktion(er) i vandet, hvor urenhederne kan bindes til det udfældede koaguleringsmiddel, således at der dannes partikler i vandet (også kaldet flokku leri ng), kan det være en fordel, at turbulensen i vandet er lille, således de dannede partikler Ikke nedbrydes igen, før de filtreres fra. For at mindske turbulensen kan koaguleringskammeret endvidere omfatte en flerhed af i det væsentlig lodret arrangerede pladeformede elementer, som danner en labyrint tor ændring at flowet i koaguleringskammeret. Når råvandet ledes gennem en labyrint, hvor retningen af flowet ændres, kan hastigheden mindskes, hvorved turbulensen nedsættes, og hvorved dannelse af partiklerne fremmes. Pladerne udstrækker sig i det væsentlige fra kammerets bund mod kammerets top. ! en udføreisesform er pladerne monteret på kammerets bund for at sikre, deres placering fastholdes, når apparatet er I brug.In the chemical reaction (s) in the water, where the impurities can be bound to the precipitated coagulant so that particles form in the water (also called flocculation), it may be advantageous that the turbulence in the water is small. thus the particles formed do not decompose again until they are filtered off. In order to reduce the turbulence, the coagulation chamber may further comprise a plurality of substantially vertically arranged plate-shaped elements which form a maze for change in the flow of the coagulation chamber. When the raw water is passed through a maze where the direction of the flow changes, the velocity can be reduced, thereby reducing turbulence and thus promoting particle formation. The plates extend substantially from the bottom of the chamber to the top of the chamber. ! In one embodiment, the plates are mounted on the bottom of the chamber to ensure that their location is maintained when the apparatus is in use.

Koaguleringstilsætningsenheden kan være indrettet for variabel tilsætning af koaguleringsmidlet, så det for eksempel er muligt at variere den tilsatte mængde i afhængighed af råvandets kvalitet. Dette kan eksempelvis ske i afhængighed af mængden af kolioider, småpartikler, organisk stof, mm. Råvandets sammensætning er derudover årstidsafhængig, hvorfor tilsætningen i en udføreisesform alhænger af tiden på året.The coagulant additive may be arranged for variable addition of the coagulant so that, for example, it is possible to vary the amount added depending on the quality of the raw water. This can be done, for example, depending on the amount of colioids, small particles, organic matter, etc. In addition, the composition of the raw water is seasonally dependent, which is why the addition in an execution form depends on the time of year.

Koaguleringstilsætningsenheden kan være indrettet så variable tilsætning af koaguleringsmidlet sker automatisk i afhængighed af målte værdier af den eller de forskellige parametre, der måles for.The coagulant additive may be arranged so that variable addition of the coagulant is done automatically depending on measured values of the different parameter (s) being measured.

Filterenheden kan omfatte en råvandstilledning for tilledning af råvand i toppen af filterenheden, således råvandet kan løbe gennem det porøse filtermateriale ved gravitation.The filter unit may comprise a raw water supply for supplying raw water at the top of the filter unit so that the raw water can flow through the porous filter material by gravity.

For at sikre at råvander ledes ti! filteret med lav hastighed, kan råvandstilledningen i filterenheden omfatte en aflang rende, hvorfra råvandet tiiledes filterenheden, eksempelvis ud over en overløbskant. Den lave hastighed kan mindske risikoen for at de i koaguleringskammeret dannede partikler ikke ødelægges, inden de ledes til filteret. Effektiviteten af filteret kan nedsættes, hvis partikelstørrelsen er for lille.To ensure that raw water is managed ten! the filter at low speed, the raw water position in the filter unit may comprise an elongate channel from which the raw water is fed to the filter unit, for example beyond an overflow edge. The low velocity may reduce the risk of the particles formed in the coagulation chamber not being destroyed before being directed to the filter. The efficiency of the filter can be reduced if the particle size is too small.

Ved at anvende to forskellige typer af filtermateriale med forskellige massefylde, kan kapaciteten for filteringen og dermed rensningseffektiviteten øges. Filterenheden kan således omfatte et andet porøst filtermateriale med en vægtfylde forskellig fra vægtfylden af det første porøse filtermateriale.By using two different types of filter material with different density, the capacity of the filtering and thus the cleaning efficiency can be increased. Thus, the filter unit may comprise a second porous filter material having a density different from that of the first porous filter material.

Det første filtermateriale kan eksempelvis være antraclt kul eller ekspanderet ler, mens det andet filtermateriale eksempelvis kan være kvarts sand. Det skal understreges, at andre filtermaterialer også kan anvendes. For at effektivisere filtreringen kan det være en fordel, at det letteste og groveste filtermateriale lægges øverst, mens det fineste og tungeste filtermateriaie lægges nederst.For example, the first filter material may be anthracite coal or expanded clay, while the second filter material may be quartz sand, for example. It should be emphasized that other filter materials can also be used. To make the filtration more efficient, it may be advantageous to place the lightest and coarsest filter material at the top, while the finest and heaviest filter material is placed at the bottom.

Filterenheden kan omfatte en si, der tillader gennemstrømning af råvand og lasthoidelse af det porøse filtermateriaie. Dermed kan det sikres, at fiitermaterialet bliver i filterenheden, mens det filtrede råvand ledes ud gennem et udløb placeret under sien.The filter unit may comprise a sieve which permits the flow of raw water and the loading of the porous filter material. This ensures that the filter material remains in the filter unit while the filtered raw water is discharged through an outlet located below the screen.

Apparatet kan yderligere omfatte en niveaumåler arrangeret i filterenheden til bestemmelse af råvandsniveauet i filteret. Styring af flowstrukturen kan udformes, så den afhænger af det bestemte råvandsniveau. Da det kan være en fordel at undgå turbulens i vandet ved tilledning til filterenheden, kan styringen af flowstrukturen udformes, så det sikres at vandoverfladen i filterenheden holdes i niveau med tilløbsrenden, hvorved risikoen for turbulens kan mindskes.The apparatus may further comprise a level meter arranged in the filter unit for determining the raw water level in the filter. Control of the flow structure can be designed to depend on the specific raw water level. Since it may be advantageous to avoid turbulence in the water by entering the filter unit, the control of the flow structure can be designed to ensure that the water surface of the filter unit is kept level with the inlet trench, thereby reducing the risk of turbulence.

Apparatet kan omfatte en modstrømsenhed anbragt i den nederste del af filterenheden, hvilken modstrømsenhed er indrettet til at tilvejebringe et flow af en skyllevæske modsat fiowretningen gennem filteret. Ved højt tryktab i filteret eller begyndende gennembrud af suspenderet stof kan det frafiltrerede stof udskylles ved luft·· og/eller vandskylning foretaget opstrøms og dermed modsat råvandets strømning gennem filteret, dvs. i form af returskyining ved hjælp af modstrømsenheden. Filterskylningen kan foretages med det rensede vand, og typisk vil 1-5% af det rensede vand anvendes til denne skylningen.The apparatus may comprise a countercurrent unit disposed in the lower portion of the filter unit, which countercurrent unit is adapted to provide a flow of a flushing liquid opposite the flow direction through the filter. In case of high pressure loss in the filter or initial breakthrough of suspended matter, the filtered substance can be flushed out by air ·· and / or water rinsing made upstream and thus opposite to the flow of raw water through the filter, ie in the form of return cloud using the countercurrent unit. The filter rinse can be done with the purified water, and typically 1-5% of the purified water will be used for this rinse.

Skyllevandet kan bortledes via tilløbsrenden, der således kan fungere som dei af tilløbet for råvand tii filterenheden og som en del af afløbet for skyllevand efter returskyining af filtermaterialet.The flushing water can be discharged via the inlet trench, which can thus function as the flow of raw water to the filter unit and as part of the flushing water drain after returning the filter material back.

Apparatet kan endvidere omfatte en bestrålnlngsenhed indrettet ti! UV-besirå!ing af råvandet efter filtrering. Ved bestråling med UV-lys kan mikrobiologisk vækst begrænses, idet bestrålingen kan dræbe bakterier, vira, alger og parasitter ved at nedbryde mikroorganismernes DNA. I en udførelsesform kan apparat yderligere omfatte en basetilsætningsindretning indrettet for tilsætning af en base til pH-reguiering af råvandet efter filtrering. Dette muliggør reduktion af vandets korrosive egenskaber.The apparatus may further comprise an irradiation unit adapted for use with the device. UV irradiation of the raw water after filtration. When exposed to UV light, microbiological growth can be restricted, as the radiation can kill bacteria, viruses, algae and parasites by breaking down the microorganisms' DNA. In one embodiment, the apparatus may further comprise a base addition device adapted to add a base for pH control of the raw water after filtration. This enables reduction of the corrosive properties of the water.

Apparatet kan endvidere omfatte en syre/basetilsætningsindretning indrettet for tilsætning af en syre eller en base til pH-reguiering af råvandet før filtrering. Ved tilsætning af en syre eller en base før filtreringen, kan koaguleringen og dermed rensningen af vandet lorbedres. Tilsætningen af enten syre eller base afhænger af vandets pH-værdi inden filtreringen. Syren elier basen kan i en udførelsesform tilsættes sammen med koaguleringsmidlet. I denne udiørelsesform kan syre/basetilsætningsindretningen og koaguleringstilsætningsenheden være en samlet enhed, der kan anvendes til tilsætning af både koaguleringsmidlet og syre eller base. De to tilsætningsenheder kan også være to separate enheder.The apparatus may further comprise an acid / base addition device adapted for the addition of an acid or a base for pH control of the raw water prior to filtration. By adding an acid or a base before the filtration, the coagulation and thus the purification of the water can be improved. The addition of either acid or base depends on the pH of the water before filtration. The acid or base may in one embodiment be added together with the coagulant. In this embodiment, the acid / base additive device and the coagulation additive unit may be a unified unit which can be used for the addition of both the coagulant and acid or base. The two additive units can also be two separate units.

Syre/basetilsætningsindretning kan endvidere være Indrettet for tilsætning af en syre eller en base i iltningskammeret eller i tilløbet Iltningskammeret for pH-reguiering af vandet Inden iltning.The acid / base addition device may furthermore be arranged for the addition of an acid or a base in the oxygenation chamber or in the inlet The oxygenation chamber for pH control of the water Before oxygenation.

For at fjerne større partikler fra råvandet, inden det ledes ti! iltningskammeret, kan apparatet omfatte en ristenhed anbragt for fjernelse af grovpartikler fra råvandet. Ristenheden kan således være anbragt før iltningskammeret. I en udførelsesform er risenheden anbragt uden for den mobile enhed.To remove larger particles from the raw water before conducting ten! the oxygenation chamber, the apparatus may comprise a grating unit disposed for removing coarse particles from the raw water. Thus, the grating unit may be located before the oxygenation chamber. In one embodiment, the rice unit is located outside the mobile unit.

Apparat kan endvidere omfatte en rentvandstank for opbevaring af råvandet efter rensning. Her kan det rensede råvand, dvs. det rene vand, opbevares indtil det ledes til forbrugerne.Apparatus may further comprise a clean water tank for storing the raw water after purification. Here, the purified raw water, ie. the clean water is stored until it is directed to consumers.

Frembringelsen forklares yderligere i det følgende under henvisning ti! tegningerne, hvorThe invention is further explained below with reference to FIG. the drawings where

Fig. 1 viser en udføreisesform af apparatet,FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the apparatus,

Flg. 2 viser apparatet i Fig. 1 set fra oven,Follow. 2 shows the apparatus of FIG. 1 from above,

Fig. 3 viser apparatet i Fig. 1 og 2 set fra siden,FIG. 3 shows the apparatus of FIG. 1 and 2 viewed from the side,

Fig. 4 viser et snit gennem apparatet i Fig. 1, 2 og 3,FIG. 4 shows a section through the apparatus of FIG. 1, 2 and 3,

Flg. 5 viser et blokdiagram for en udførelsesform af apparatet,Follow. 5 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the apparatus,

Fig. 6 viser en oversigt over elementer i et modulopbygget apparat,FIG. 6 shows an overview of elements of a modular device,

Flg. 7, 8 og 9 viser en alternativ udføreisesform bestående af tre mobile enheder.Follow. 7, 8 and 9 show an alternative embodiment consisting of three mobile units.

Figurerne 1-4 viser et apparatet 1 til rensning a! råvand. Apparatet 1 omlatter et iltningskammer 2 for iltning af råvandet. Iltningskammeret 2 omfatter en beluftningsenhed 3 (se Flg. 2) for tilførsel af luft til iltningskammeret.Figures 1-4 show an apparatus 1 for cleaning a! raw water. The apparatus 1 encloses an oxygenation chamber 2 for oxygenation of the raw water. The oxygen chamber 2 comprises an aeration unit 3 (see Fig. 2) for supplying air to the oxygenation chamber.

Apparatet 1 omfatter desuden et koaguleringskammer 4 for udfældning af partikler fra råvandet. Koaguleringskammeret 4 omfatter en koaguleringstilsætningsenhed (ikke vist) for tilsætning af et koaguleringsmiddel til koaguleringskammeret.The apparatus 1 further comprises a coagulation chamber 4 for precipitation of particles from the raw water. The coagulation chamber 4 comprises a coagulation additive unit (not shown) for adding a coagulant to the coagulation chamber.

Endvidere omfatter apparatet en filterenhed 5 med et første porøst filtermateriale (ikke vist) for filtrering af råvandet,Further, the apparatus comprises a filter unit 5 with a first porous filter material (not shown) for filtering the raw water,

Apparatet 1 omfatter en fiowstruktur 6 for tilvejebringelse af et flow af råvand fra iltningskammeret 2, til koaguleringskammeret 4 og videre til filterenheden 5, samt en styreenhed 7 (se Fig. 6) til styring af flowstrukturen for regulering af flowet. I den viste udføreisesform er beluftningsenheden 3 anbragt i den nederste del af iltningskammeret for således at kunne tilvejebringe et i det væsentlige opadgående luftflow i iltningskammeret. Beluftningsenheden 3 omfatter en flerhed af åbninger (ikke vist) indrettet tii tilvejebringelse af et i det væsentlige opadgående luftflow i iltningskammeret. Beluftningsenheden 3 omfatter en flerhed af i det væsentlige parallelle rør 8, hvori åbningerne er tilvejebragt. Disse parallelle rør 8 er monteret på et fælles Indløbsrør 9, der anvendes til at lede luften ind i kammeret 2 via åbningerne i de parallelle rør 8 (se Fig. 2 og 4).The apparatus 1 comprises a flow structure 6 for providing a flow of raw water from the oxygenation chamber 2, to the coagulation chamber 4 onwards to the filter unit 5, and a control unit 7 (see Fig. 6) for controlling the flow structure for regulating the flow. In the embodiment shown, the aeration unit 3 is arranged in the lower part of the oxygenation chamber so as to be able to provide a substantially upward air flow in the oxygenation chamber. The aeration unit 3 comprises a plurality of openings (not shown) arranged to provide a substantially upward air flow in the oxygenation chamber. The aeration unit 3 comprises a plurality of substantially parallel tubes 8 in which the openings are provided. These parallel pipes 8 are mounted on a common inlet pipe 9 which is used to direct the air into the chamber 2 via the openings in the parallel pipes 8 (see Figures 2 and 4).

Flowstrukturen 6 for tilvejebringelse af et flow af råvand fra iltningskammeret 2, tii koaguleringskammeret 4 og videre ti! fiiterenheden 5 omfatter i den viste udføreisesform en flerhed af pumper, ventiler, rørstykker og åbninger mellem de forskellige kamre. Endvidere omfatter flowstrukturen 6 et tilløb for råvand, samt et udløb for råvand efter rensning i apparatet 1.The flow structure 6 for providing a flow of raw water from the oxygenation chamber 2, to the coagulation chamber 4 and further ten. The discharge unit 5 comprises, in the embodiment shown, a plurality of pumps, valves, pipe pieces and openings between the various chambers. Furthermore, the flow structure 6 comprises an inlet for raw water, and an outlet for raw water after purification in the apparatus 1.

Apparatet 1 omlatter desuden en mobil enhed 10, hvori iltningskammeret 2, koaguleringskammeret 4, fiiterenheden 5 og en del a! flowstrukturen 6 er anbragt, i den viste udføreisesform omfatter den mobile enhed 10 en container. Ved at anbringe I det mindste en de! af apparatets 1 dele i en mobil enhed 10 kan apparatet nemmere transporteres.The apparatus 1 further encloses a mobile unit 10, wherein the oxygenation chamber 2, the coagulation chamber 4, the feeding unit 5 and part a! the flow structure 6 is arranged, in the embodiment shown, the mobile unit 10 comprises a container. By placing At least one they! of the parts of the apparatus 1 in a mobile unit 10, the apparatus can be more easily transported.

For at sikre at koaguleringsmidlet fordeles i det væsentligt i hele mængden af råvand i koaguleringskammeret 4 omfatter koaguleringskammeret 4 en mixerenhed (ikke vist) indrettet til at skabe turbulens råvandet i koaguleringskammeret 4. For efterfølgende at mindske turbulensen omfatter koaguleringskammeret 4 endvidere en flerhed af i det væsentlig lodret arrangerede pladeformede elementer 1 i (se Fig. 2), som danner en labyrint for ændring af flovvet i koaguleringskammeret 4 og dermed mindskelse af hastigheden, hvorved turbulensen nedsættes og dannelsen af partiklerne fremmes. Pladerne 11 udstrækker sig i det væsentlige fra kammerets bund mod kammerets top.To ensure that the coagulant is distributed substantially throughout the entire amount of raw water in the coagulation chamber 4, the coagulation chamber 4 comprises a mixer unit (not shown) arranged to create turbulence the raw water in the coagulation chamber 4. In addition, to reduce the turbulence, the coagulation chamber 4 further comprises substantially vertically arranged plate-shaped elements 1 in (see Fig. 2), which form a maze for changing the embarrassment in the coagulation chamber 4 and thus reducing the speed, thereby reducing the turbulence and promoting the formation of the particles. The plates 11 extend substantially from the bottom of the chamber to the top of the chamber.

Filterenheden 5 omfatter to forskellige typer af filtermateriale (ikke vist) med forskellige massefylde, hvorved kapaciteten for filteringen og dermed rensningseffektiviteten kan øges. Filterenheden 5 omfatter endvidere en råvandstilledning 12 for tilledning af råvand i toppen af filterenheden 5, således råvandet kan løbe gennem det porøse filtermateriale.The filter unit 5 comprises two different types of filter material (not shown) of different density, thereby increasing the capacity of the filtering and thus the cleaning efficiency. The filter unit 5 further comprises a raw water line 12 for supplying raw water at the top of the filter unit 5, so that the raw water can flow through the porous filter material.

For at sikre at råvande! ledes til filteret med lav hastighed, omlatter råvandstilledningen 12 en aflang rende, hvorfra råvandet ledes ti! filterenheden 5 ved overløb ud over en overiøbskant 13 (se Fig. 4). Den lave hastighed kan mindske risikoen for at de i koaguleringskammeret 4 dannede partikler ikke ødelægges, inden de iedes til filteret.To ensure that raw water! to the filter at low speed, the raw water line 12 encloses an elongated channel from which the raw water is fed. the filter unit 5 at overflow beyond an overflow edge 13 (see Fig. 4). The low velocity may reduce the risk of the particles formed in the coagulation chamber 4 not being destroyed before being fed to the filter.

Fig. 5 viser et blokdiagram for en udførelsesform af apparatet 1. I den viste udførelsesform renses overfladevand i et apparat 1 som vist i figurerne 1-4.FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of one embodiment of the apparatus 1. In the embodiment shown, surface water is purified in an apparatus 1 as shown in Figures 1-4.

Fig. 6 viser en oversigt over elementer i et modulopbygget apparat 1. Hvert af de tre moduler 1, 2 og 3 omfatter et iltningskammer 2, et koaguleringskammer 4, en filterenheden 5 og en del af en flowstruktur 6 som vist i figurerne 1-4. Desuden kan hvert modul omfatte en finrist, desinfektion og pH-justering.FIG. 6 shows an overview of elements of a modular device 1. Each of the three modules 1, 2 and 3 comprises an oxygenation chamber 2, a coagulation chamber 4, a filter unit 5 and a part of a flow structure 6 as shown in Figures 1-4. In addition, each module may include a fin grating, disinfection and pH adjustment.

Desinfektionen omfatter en bestrålningsenhed indrettet ti! UV-bestråling af råvandet efter filtrering. Ved bestråling med UV-!ys kan mikrobiologisk vækst begrænses, idet bestrålingen kan dræbe bakterier, vira, alger og parasitter ved at nedbryde mikroorganismernes DNA.The disinfection comprises an irradiation device arranged ten! UV irradiation of the raw water after filtration. By irradiation with UV light, microbiological growth can be limited, as the radiation can kill bacteria, viruses, algae and parasites by breaking down the microorganisms' DNA.

Desinfektionen kan endvidere omfatte klortilsætning ti! råvandet efter filtreringen via en klortilsætningsindretning. Derved kan en ekstra sikkerhed overfor mikrobiel forurening opnås. ρΗ-justeringen omfatter en basetilsætningsindretning indrettet for tilsætning af en base til pH-regulering af råvandet efter filtrering. Dette muliggør reduktion af vandets korrosive egenskaber.The disinfection may further comprise chlorine addition ten! the raw water after filtration via a chlorine addition device. This provides additional security against microbial contamination. The ρΗ adjustment comprises a base addition device adapted for adding a base for pH control of the raw water after filtration. This enables reduction of the corrosive properties of the water.

Apparatet 1 omfatter desuden en styreenhed 7 indrettet tii at styre flowstrukturen i en flerhed af mobile enheder (Modul 1, 2 og 3). Dette muliggør styrring af flowstrukturen, således råvande! samtidigt ledes gennem flerheden af mobile enheder, og muliggør styrring således, at råvand ledes gennem en eller flere mobile enheder, mens der ikke ledes råvand gennem en eller flere andre mobile enheder. Sidstnævnte styrringstrategi muliggør rengøring, reparation, mv. af den eller de mobile enheder, som Ikke er i brugThe apparatus 1 further comprises a control unit 7 arranged to control the flow structure of a plurality of mobile units (Modules 1, 2 and 3). This enables control of the flow structure, thus raw water! at the same time, is passed through the plurality of mobile units, and enables control so that raw water is passed through one or more mobile units, while no raw water is passed through one or more other mobile units. The latter management strategy enables cleaning, repair, etc. of the mobile device (s) not in use

Flg. 7, 8 og 9 viser en alternativ udførelsesform af et apparat 101 til rensning af råvand. Apparatet 101 bestående af tre mobile enheder 10. Hver af de tre mobile enheder 10 omfatter elementer som beskrevet ovenfor ved beskrivelse af figurerne 1-4.Follow. 7, 8 and 9 show an alternative embodiment of a raw water purification apparatus 101. The apparatus 101 consisting of three mobile units 10. Each of the three mobile units 10 comprises elements as described above by describing figures 1-4.

Claims

1. Raw water purification apparatus; which apparatus includes: an oxygenation chamber for oxygenation of the raw water, which chamber comprises an aeration unit for supplying air to the oxygenation chamber, - a coagulation chamber for precipitation of particles from the raw water, which chamber comprises a coagulating additive unit for the addition of a coagulant ten. - a filter unit comprising a first porous filter material for filtering the raw water, - a llow structure for providing a flow of raw water from the oxygenation chamber, to the coagulation chamber and further to the filter unit, - a control unit for controlling the flow structure for regulating the the flow, particularly in that the apparatus further comprises a mobile unit in which the insertion chamber, the coagulation chamber, the filter unit and at least one of them! of the flow structure is arranged.

The apparatus of claim 1, comprising at least one additional mobile unit.

Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the control unit is arranged ten! to control the flow structure of a plurality of mobile devices.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the aeration unit comprises a plurality of apertures arranged to provide a substantially upward air flow in the leaching chamber.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coagulation chamber further comprises a mixer unit adapted to create turbulence raw water in the coagulation chamber.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coagulation chamber further comprises a plurality of substantially vertically arranged plate-shaped elements which form a maze for changing the flow of the coagulation chamber.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the coagulating unit is arranged for variable addition of the coagulant.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the filter unit comprises a raw water supply for supplying raw water at the top of the filter unit.

Apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the raw water supply in the feed unit comprises an elongate channel from which the raw water is fed to the feed unit.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeding unit comprises a second porous filter material having a density different from that of the first porous filter material,

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeding unit comprises a sieve which permits flow of raw water and retention of the porous filter material,

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a level meter arranged in the feed unit for determining the raw water level in the filter, where control of the flow structure depends on the particular raw water level.

Apparatus according to any one! the preceding claims, further comprising an irradiation unit arranged ten! UV irradiation all the raw material after filtration.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a base addition device adapted to add a base for pH control of the raw water after filtration.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an acid-base addition device Arranged for the addition of an acid or a base for pH control of the raw water before filtration.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a chlorine addition device adapted for adding chlorine to disinfect the raw water after filtration.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a countercurrent unit disposed in the lower part of the feeding unit, said countercurrent unit being arranged for use. providing a flow of a flushing liquid opposite the flow direction through the filter.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a grating unit arranged for removing coarse particles from the raw water, wherein the grating unit is placed before the oxygenation chamber.

Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a clean water tank for storing the raw water after purification.