DK176686B1 - Self-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring - Google Patents
Self-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring Download PDFInfo
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- DK176686B1 DK176686B1 DK200701015A DKPA200701015A DK176686B1 DK 176686 B1 DK176686 B1 DK 176686B1 DK 200701015 A DK200701015 A DK 200701015A DK PA200701015 A DKPA200701015 A DK PA200701015A DK 176686 B1 DK176686 B1 DK 176686B1
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- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- roof structure
- belt
- rafters
- latch
- strap
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- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001481789 Rupicapra Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003733 fiber-reinforced composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
- E04B7/02—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation with plane sloping surfaces, e.g. saddle roofs
- E04B7/06—Constructions of roof intersections or hipped ends
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
Description
i DK 176686 B1in DK 176686 B1
Selvbærende tag med rem som trækbånd Opfindelsens områdeSelf-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring
Den foreliggende opfindelse angår en tagkonstruktion, omfattende i det mindste tre spær og i det mindste tre remme, hvor hvert af de i det mindste tre spær, er med en 5 hældning i forhold til vandret, og er placeret i tagkonstruktionen, hvor hvert spær er i forbindelse med en rem, hvor denne samling mellem et spær og en rem udgør et charmer indrettet for optagelse af lodrette og vandrette kraftpåvirkninger, og hvor hver rem består af to rem-ender og en midterdel, hvor hver rem-ende i tagkonstruktionen står i forbindelse med en anden rem-ende i tagkonstruktionen, hvor denne samling mellem 10 to rem-ender udgør et chamier indrettet til overførsel af lodrette og vandrette kraftpåvirkninger mellem hver rem-ende i samlingen,.The present invention relates to a roof structure comprising at least three rafters and at least three belts, each of at least three rafters having a slope with respect to the horizontal, and located in the roof structure where each rafter is in connection with a belt, where this joint between a latch and a belt constitutes a charger adapted for receiving vertical and horizontal forces, and each belt consists of two belt ends and a middle part, each belt end of the roof structure being connecting to a second belt end in the roof structure, wherein this joint between 10 two belt ends constitutes a chamium arranged to transfer vertical and horizontal forces of force between each belt end of the joint.
Opfindelsens baggrundBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Ved byggeri af mindre huse, eksempelvis en-familiehuse, mindre institutioner eller 15 huse til fælles faciliteter, består den mest udbredte konstruktionsmåde af selvbærende spærkonstruktioner, der ved spærfoden ligger af på en mur-rem på en bærende ydermur og ofte suppleret med bærende indervægge ved større spændvidder.In the construction of smaller houses, for example single-family houses, smaller institutions or 15 houses for common facilities, the most widespread design method consists of self-supporting rafter structures, which at the rafter stand on a wall strap on a load-bearing outer wall and often supplemented with load-bearing inner walls at larger spans.
Træ er det foretrukne materiale til spærkonstruktion, da det har en optimal bæreevne i 20 forhold til vægt, og samtidigt er i en attraktiv prisklasse.Wood is the preferred material for rafter construction, as it has an optimum load-bearing capacity of 20 in weight and at the same time is in an attractive price range.
Ved brand bibeholder træspær og - bjælker bæreevnen i en længere periode og ved højere temperaturer, end det er gældende for andre materialetyper, såsom stål og aluminium.In the event of a fire, wooden rafters and beams retain their durability for a longer period and at higher temperatures than other material types, such as steel and aluminum.
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Af hensyn til afledning af regnvand har tagkonstruktionen altid en hældning. Dette medfører, at lodrette laster på taget fra eksempelvis egenvægt og sne resulterer i både lodrette og vandrette kræfter, der skal optages ved mur-remmen. Til optagelse af vandrette kræfter ved en mur-rem er den mest kendte metode en vandret bjælke mellem 30 spær, såsom et hanebånd eller en spærfod.For the purpose of draining rainwater, the roof structure always has a slope. This means that vertical loads on the roof from eg weight and snow result in both vertical and horizontal forces to be absorbed by the wall belt. For absorbing horizontal forces by a wall strap, the best known method is a horizontal bar between 30 rafters, such as a tap or foot.
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Imidlertid giver denne vandrette bjælke en begrænsning i frihøjde indeni huset. Ved ønske om en indvendig indretning med loft til kip, vil man skulle tage hensyn til den vandrette bjælke ved det indvendige beklædningsarbejde, ligesom anvendelsen af rummet vil begrænses af bjælken. Endvidere vil man skulle tage hensyn til sådanne 5 bjælker, når rum inddel ingen planlægges, idet man ofte placerer indervægge umiddelbart under bjælkerne for at simplificere loftbeklædningen.However, this horizontal beam provides a limitation in ground clearance inside the house. If you want an interior with a ceiling to tilt, you will have to take into account the horizontal beam in the interior cladding work, and the use of the space will be limited by the beam. Furthermore, such 5 beams will have to be taken into account when room divisions are not planned, often placing interior walls immediately below the beams to simplify the ceiling covering.
Ved større spændvidder vil spærkonstruktionen ofte kræve en mellemunderstøtning i form af en bærende indervæg eller søjle. Bærende indervægge eller søjler sætter be-10 grænsninger i indretningen af huset, som oftest ikke er ønskede.At larger spans, the rafter structure will often require an intermediate support in the form of a supporting inner wall or column. Supporting interior walls or columns impose limits on the interior of the housing, which is most often not desired.
En anden konstruktionsmetode er beskrevet i JP10299089 A. Her er beskrevet en polygonal bygning, som er bygget op med en central søjle, der gennembryder en centralt placeret cylindrisk primær hoveddel, hvorpå spærene er fastgjort. Spærene er med et 15 beslag fastgjort til underliggende remme og sideunderstøtninger. At konstruktionen har en bærende søjle i midten giver en uheldig begrænsning i indretningen og anvendelsen af huset.Another construction method is disclosed in JP10299089 A. Here is disclosed a polygonal building constructed with a central column piercing a centrally located cylindrical primary body to which the rafters are attached. The latches are attached with a 15 bracket to the underlying belts and side supports. The fact that the structure has a supporting column in the middle gives an unfortunate restriction on the interior design and use of the house.
I skriftet er dog angivet muligheden for at fjerne søjlen, når resten af konstruktionen er opstillet. Ved en sådan handling vil man dog fjerne en væsentlig bærende konstrukti-20 onsdel, og man vil derfor opleve sætningsskader, og risikere svigt i den resterende konstruktion. Eksempelvis vil tagkonstruktionens egenvægt via spærene forårsage momentpåvirkning af remmene, der vil have tendens til at dreje udefter, hvilket igen medfører en ændring af tagets hældning. En sådan sætning af tagkonstruktion vil være uoprettelig medmindre man genmonterer midtersøjlen og via store donkrafte løfter den 25 cylindriske primære hoveddel op til oprindelig position. Da det er de færreste tagbeklædningsmaterialer der kan bevare tætheden ved sætning af den underliggende konstruktion, risikerer man utætheder i tagbeklædningen og deraf følgende risiko for råd og svamp i underliggende tagkonstruktion.However, the font indicates the possibility of removing the column when the rest of the construction is erected. However, by such an action, a substantial load of structural component will be removed, and one will therefore experience sentence damage and risk failure of the remaining structure. For example, the roof structure's own weight via the rafters will cause torque on the belts, which will tend to rotate outwards, which in turn causes a change in the slope of the roof. Such a sentence of roof construction will be irreversible unless the center column is reassembled and the large cylindrical primary body lifts up to its original position via large jacks. Since it is the fewest roof covering materials that can maintain the density when setting the underlying construction, there is a risk of leaks in the roof covering and consequent risk of rot and fungus in the underlying roof construction.
Opfindelsens formål 30 Det er formålet med opfindelsen at angive en spærkonstruktion, der er særligt velegnet til bygninger, hvori der ønskes en total frihed til rum-inddeling og mulighed for loft til kip, hvor der således ikke er indvendige bærende vægge eller søjler.Objects of the Invention It is the object of the invention to provide a barrier structure which is particularly suitable for buildings in which a total freedom for room division and the possibility of ceiling to tilt is desired, where there are thus no internal walls or columns.
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Beskrivelse af opfindelsenDescription of the Invention
Ifølge den foreliggende opfindelse opnås dette formål med en tagkonstruktion af den indledningsvis nævnte type, der er særpræget ved, at samlingen mellem et spær og en 5 rem er placeret helt eller delvist i et tværsnit i spæret, eksempelvis i en smigskåret udsparing i spæret ved spærets nedre ende.According to the present invention, this object is achieved with a roof construction of the type mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that the joint between a lock and a belt is placed in whole or in part in a cross-section of the lock, for example in a flap-cut recess in the lock at the lock. lower end.
Ved på denne måde at forbinde alle remmene til en rem-konstruktion, og lade spærene omslutte af alle remmene i hele eller dele af spærenes tværsnit, vil remmene samvirke om at optage vandrette komposanter af kraftpåvirkningeme på tagkostruktionen. Det 10 svarer statik-mæssigt lidt til måden hvorpå et tøndebånd omslutter et antal stave i en trætønde. Her optager tøndebåndet de vandrette komposanter af kraftpåvirkninger fra eksempelvis væsketryk fra et viskøst indhold i tønden. Kraftpåvirkningen fra væsketrykket påvirker stavene, der herved stemmer jævnt ud mod tøndebåndet, der på denne vis kommer til at virke som et trækbånd der forspændes. Forspændingen gør, at rela-15 tivt små lokale kraftpåvirkninger, der virker modsat de vandrette komposanter, umiddelbart optages i form af en afspænding i tøndebåndsmaterialet.In this way, by connecting all the belts to a belt construction and allowing the rafters to enclose all the belts in all or part of the cross sections, the belts will cooperate to absorb horizontal components of the force effects on the roof construction. It 10 is statically similar to the way a barrel band encloses a number of rods in a wooden barrel. Here, the barrel tape absorbs the horizontal components of force effects from, for example, fluid pressure from a viscous content in the barrel. The force exerted by the fluid pressure affects the rods, which in this way align evenly against the barrel belt, which in this way will act as a tensile belt which is prestressed. The prestressing means that relatively small local force effects acting opposite to the horizontal components are immediately absorbed in the form of a tension in the barrel material.
På lignende vis vil egenvægt fra tagkonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen medføre, at spærene stemmer ud mod remmene, eftersom samlingen mellem et spær og en rem er placeret helt eller delvist i et tværsnit i spæret. Tværsnittet kan antage mange udformnin-20 ger og således være smigskåret på forskellig vis og være placeret som en udsparing forskellige steder på spæret. Oftest vil det dog være spærenden der udformes med smigskåret udsparing svarende til remmens ydre dimension. Når spærene.på denne vis og under påvirkning af tagkonstruktionens egenvægt stemmer ud mod remmene, bevirker dette en forspænding af rem-konstruktionen, hvorved små lokale kraftpåvirk-25 ninger, såsom vindpåvirkning, blot kan optages ved at forspændingen af remkonstruktionen mindskes en smule.Similarly, the weight of the roof structure according to the invention will cause the rafters to align against the straps, since the joint between a rafter and a strap is located wholly or partially in a cross-section of the rafter. The cross-section can take many designs and thus be flattered in various ways and be placed as a recess in different places on the rafter. Most often, however, it will be the locking end which is designed with flatter cut recess corresponding to the outer dimension of the belt. When the rafters, in this way and under the influence of the roof structure's weight, align against the belts, this causes a prestressing of the belt construction, whereby small local forces, such as wind influence, can be absorbed only by slightly reducing the prestressing of the belt construction.
Derfor er den kendte metode med spærfod eller hanebånd til optagelse af vandrette kræfter ikke nødvendig i denne tagkonstruktion, og man opnår derved den størst muli-30 ge frihøjde i rummet under tagkonstruktionen ifølge opfindelsen, hvor spærene, med i det mindste en del af deres tværsnit, alle er omkranset af remkonstruktionen, der udgøres af de remme, hvis ender alle er samlede.Therefore, the known method of barring foot or tapes for absorbing horizontal forces is not necessary in this roof construction, thereby obtaining the greatest possible height clearance in the space under the roof construction according to the invention, where the rafters, with at least part of their cross section , all are enclosed by the belt construction, constituted by the belts whose ends are all assembled.
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Ved at man undgår de nævnte spærfødder eller hanebånd, har man samtidigt en stor grad af frihed til indretning af rummet under konstruktionen.By avoiding the said locking feet or tapes, you also have a great deal of freedom to arrange the space during the construction.
5 I en foretrukken udførelsesform er hvert spær et grat-spær, hvor de til grat-spæret stødende tagflader, er i hvert sit plan.In a preferred embodiment, each rafter is a grating bar, where the roof surfaces adjacent to the grating bar are in its own plane.
Ved at lade spær være grat-spær, vil der komme et planskift i tagfladen, som ofte kan være et middel til at opnå en eftertragtet æstetisk udformning. Der vil være et væld af 10 forskellige muligheder for individuel udformning af tagkonstruktionen, hvilket ofte er ønsket af arkitekter.By leaving rafters a free-standing barrier, a plane change will occur in the roof surface, which can often be a means of achieving a sought-after aesthetic design. There will be a wealth of 10 different options for individual design of the roof construction, which is often desired by architects.
Hvert spær kan som nævnt være et grat-spær, hvor grat-spæret ydermere kan være i forbindelse med remmen ved remmens ende.As mentioned, each latch can be a lattice latch, whereby the latch latch can furthermore be connected to the belt at the end of the belt.
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Ved at lade kraftpåvirkningen af tagkonstruktionen overgå til remmen ved remmens endesamling, har man mulighed for at lave et beslag af et stærkt materiale, der med præcision og stor brudsikkerhed overfører kræfterne fra tagkonstruktionen til et understøtningspunkt ved remmenes endesamlinger. Da remmenes endesamlinger oftest an-20 viser et planskift i en eventuel underliggende vægkonstruktion, vil der dette sted være god mulighed for at placere en søjle eller anden konstruktionsdel, der kan overføre de lodrette kræfter til fundamentet for huset.By allowing the force influence of the roof structure to pass to the belt at the end assembly of the belt, it is possible to make a fitting of a strong material which, with precision and high breaking resistance, transfers the forces from the roof structure to a support point at the end joints of the belt. Since the end joints of the belts most often indicate a plane change in any underlying wall structure, this location will be a good opportunity to place a pillar or other structural part that can transfer the vertical forces to the foundation of the housing.
I en foretrukken udførelsesform vil remme i tagkonstruktionen være retlinede. Derved 25 opnås, at remme kan produceres af standardtømmer, hvilket bevirker en billigere og mindre tidskrævende produktion. Samtidigt vil montagen blive forenklet og montagetiden dermed forkortet, som følge af at kontrol af om remmen ligger placeret korrekt i forhold til den øvrige konstruktion er nemmere at foretage med gængse værktøjer som vaterpas og tommestok.In a preferred embodiment, belts in the roof structure will be rectilinear. This results in the fact that belts can be produced from standard timber, which results in cheaper and less time-consuming production. At the same time, the installation will be simplified and the installation time thus shortened, as the check that the belt is positioned correctly in relation to the other construction is easier to do with standard tools such as spirit level and thumb.
30 I en udførelsesform, som er at foretrække, kan remme i tagkonstruktionen danne en ligesidet polygon.In a preferred embodiment, straps in the roof structure may form an equilateral polygon.
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Derved opnås en stor fordel i produktionen af elementer til huset, idet man kan præfabrikere éns tagelementer og éns remsamlinger. Samtidigt er det nemmere at montere et ensartet produkt, eftersom håndværkerne opnår større rutine i arbejdet, og derfor har mulighed for at optimere arbejdstiden ved montagen af disse elementer.This gives a great advantage in the production of elements for the house, since one can prefabricate one's roof elements and one's strip joints. At the same time, it is easier to assemble a uniform product, since the craftsmen achieve a greater routine in the work, and therefore have the opportunity to optimize the working time when assembling these elements.
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Remme i tagkonstruktionen kan med fordel danne en ligesidet polygon, med mere end fire kanter, fortrinsvist med otte kanter.Belts in the roof structure may advantageously form an equilateral polygon, having more than four edges, preferably with eight edges.
Huse, der benytter sig af en tagkonstruktion, der anviser denne mangesidede polygon-form i placeringen af de omkransende ydervægge, vil medføre, at huset får et minimalt 10 ydervægsareal i forhold til det volumen, der er i husets indre rum. Med et minimalt ydervægsareal i forhold til volumen, vil der alt andet lige, være et mindre areal hvor temperaturudveksling med omgivelserne vil foregå, hvilket betyder et mindre energiforbrug til opvarmning af rummet, når det er koldere udenfor end ønskeligt indenfor.Houses utilizing a roof structure that designates this multi-sided polygon shape in the location of the enclosing exterior walls will result in the house having a minimum of 10 exterior wall area relative to the volume of the interior space of the housing. With a minimal outside wall area in terms of volume, all else being equal, there will be a smaller area where temperature exchange with the environment will take place, which means less energy consumption for heating the room when it is colder outside than desirable inside.
15 Spær og/eller remme kan være udført i træ, fortrinsvist i limtræ, hvor den overvejende del af limtræs-lagene er med fiberretning parallelt med længderetning.Rafters and / or belts may be made of wood, preferably in laminated wood, the predominant portion of the laminated wood layers being in fiber direction parallel to longitudinal.
Ved at benytte træ til den bærende konstruktion, undgår man de ulemper der er forbundet med metalspær - eksempelvis stålspær. Da bærende dele udført i stål vil kræve 20 en brandisolering til at modvirke et hurtigt kollaps af stålspæret ved brand, undgår man den fordyrende omkostning ved indkøb og montering af brandisolering.By using wood for the supporting structure, the disadvantages associated with metal rafters - for example steel rafters - are avoided. Since steel-bearing components will require a fire insulation to counteract a rapid collapse of the steel barrier in the event of fire, the cost of purchasing and installing fire insulation is avoided.
Som tidligere nævnt er træ et materiale, der har en optimal bæreevne i forhold til vægt, og samtidigt er træ i en attraktiv prisklasse.As mentioned earlier, wood is a material that has optimum load-bearing capacity and at the same time wood is an attractive price range.
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Ydermere har træ den fordel, at det virker mere isolerende en metalspær, hvorfor man undgår eventuelle muligheder for kuldebro i tagkonstruktionen. Endvidere har man mulighed for at efterbearbejde træ med typer af værktøj, der er almindeligt tilgængeligt på en byggeplads, og endelig er træ et genanvendeligt produkt, der om ikke andet, 30 kan anvendes til opvarmning efter endt udnyttelse i bygningskonstruktionen.In addition, wood has the advantage that it acts more insulating a metal barrier, thus avoiding any opportunities for cold bridges in the roof construction. Furthermore, it is possible to rework wood with types of tools that are commonly available on a construction site, and finally, wood is a reusable product that, if nothing else, can be used for heating after use in the building construction.
Anvendelsen af limtræ har den fordel, at man ved produktionen af limtræ sørger for at bortskære svage punkter, såsom knaster og harpikslommer i dét træ der benyttes til DK 176686 B1 6 limtræ. Ved højstyrke-limtræ har man ydermere sorteret og placeret dét træ, der bruges til produktionen af højstyrke-limtræ, således at fiberretning for limtræs-lagene ligger parallelt med længderetning. Enkelte lag kan dog være med fiberretning på tværs af længderetning. Denne type højstyrke-limtræ går bl.a. under handelsnavnet Kerto-S og 5 Kerto-Q, og udmærker sig i forhold til traditionelt konstruktionstræ ved at være stærkere, hvorfor spær/rem-dimensionen kan være smallere og dermed lettere. Ved synlige spær i rummet giver træspær med deres naturlige overflade en attraktiv æstetisk kvalitet til rummet.The use of glulam has the advantage that in the production of glulam, care is taken to cut off weak points, such as cracks and resin pockets in the wood used for DK 176686 B1 6 glulam. In the case of high-strength glued wood, the wood used for the production of high-strength glued wood has also been sorted and placed so that the fiber direction of the glued-wood layers lies parallel to the longitudinal direction. However, some layers may have a longitudinal cross-fiber direction. This type of high-strength glued wood goes in particular. under the trade name Kerto-S and 5 Kerto-Q, and stands out in relation to traditional construction wood by being stronger, which is why the barrier / strap dimension can be narrower and thus lighter. With visible rafters in the room, wooden rafters with their natural surface provide an attractive aesthetic quality for the room.
10 Spær og/eller remme kan også være udført i kompositmateriale.10 Barriers and / or straps may also be made of composite material.
Der findes forskellige typer af komposit, fiberforstærket komposit med fibre af glas, kul, aramid, plantefibre og med et matriksmateriale af polyester, epoxy, vinylester og andre lignende produkter.There are various types of composite, fiber reinforced composite with glass, carbon, aramid, plant fibers and with a matrix material of polyester, epoxy, vinyl ester and other similar products.
15 I lighed med træ har kompositmateriale en række fordele i forhold til metalspær, dels at der ikke er brandisoleringskrav - dels at kompositmateriale virker mere isolerende end metalspær, hvorfor man undgår eventuelle muligheder for kuldebro i tagkonstruktionen, dels har kompositmateriale en lav vægt i forhold til styrke, hvorfor det er nem-20 mere at montere.15 Similar to wood, composite material has a number of advantages over metal rafters, partly because there is no fire insulation requirements - partly that composite material acts more insulating than metal rafters, which means that any opportunities for cold bridges in the roof structure are avoided and composite material has a low weight compared to Strength, which is why it is easy-20 more to install.
Samlinger mellem rem-ender kan udføres med beslag, fortrinsvist korrosionsbeskyttet metal, hvor beslaget er indrettet med huller for skruer eller bolte.Joints between strap ends can be made with brackets, preferably corrosion protected metal, the bracket being provided with holes for screws or bolts.
25 Ved at udføre rem-ende-samlinger med metalbeslag med forborede huller, sikrer man, at tagkonstruktionen samles på en ensartet og veldefineret måde, således at man derved sørger for, at kraftoverførslen mellem spær og remme sker på den måde, der er forudsat ved den statiske beregning, der ligger til grund af konstruktionen. Der er mulighed for en god kvalitetssikring af produktionen af beslaget, samtidigt med at en 30 optimering af produktionen giver en attraktiv pris på produktet. Med et godt og kvalitetssikret beslag til rem-ende-samling, der ydermere er beskyttet mod korrosion, er der mindre risiko for svigt i konstruktionen.By conducting belt end joints with metal fittings with pre-drilled holes, it is ensured that the roof structure is assembled in a uniform and well-defined manner, thereby ensuring that the power transmission between rafters and belts is carried out in the manner provided by the static calculation underlying the construction. There is the possibility of a good quality assurance of the production of the bracket, while at the same time a 30 optimization of the production gives an attractive price for the product. With a good and quality-assured bracket for strap-end assembly, which is further protected against corrosion, there is less risk of construction failure.
DK 176686 B1 7DK 176686 B1 7
Samlingen i toppen af tagkonstruktionen vil ligeledes kunne foregå på en betryggende måde ved at benytte et præfabrikeret beslag til dette. Ved eksempelvis ottekantede huse, vil man kunne samle samtlige otte gratspær-ender i toppen af tagkonstruktionen, hvorved de støtter hinanden.The assembly at the top of the roof structure can also be carried out in a reassuring way by using a prefabricated bracket for this. For example, at octagonal houses, it will be possible to assemble all eight gratings at the top of the roof structure, thereby supporting each other.
5 I en foretrukken udførelsesform kan samlinger mellem rem-ender være udført med beslag, hvor beslaget består af to dele, hvor hver del monteres på hver sin spærem-ende og efterfølgende samles og sammenspændes og udgør en chamier-forbindelse.In a preferred embodiment, joints between strap ends may be made with brackets, the bracket consisting of two parts, each part being mounted on its own locking end and subsequently assembled and clamped together to form a chamier connection.
10 Med denne beslagtype åbnes der mulighed for, at beslaget kan monteres på remmen, mens remmen befinder sig i en god arbejdshøjde. Dette giver en mere sikker befæsti-gelse af beslaget, end hvis det skulle foregå fra en stige. Da spærene oftest skal monteres ved hjælp af en kran for at nedbringe montagetiden på byggepladsen, vil denne samlingsmetode ydermere bidrage til, at montagearbejdet, hvor en omkostningskræ-15 vende kran indgår, vil mindskes.10 This type of bracket opens the possibility for the bracket to be mounted on the belt while the belt is at a good working height. This provides a more secure attachment of the bracket than if it were to be carried from a ladder. Since the rafters are most often required to be mounted by means of a crane to reduce the installation time on the construction site, this method of assembly will further contribute to reducing the assembly work, which includes a costly crane.
Eftersom beslaget består af to dele kan disse sammenspændes, efter at spær og remme er placeret i konstruktionen. Dette kan være en fordel såfremt man ønsker at finjustere eksempelvis spærhældningen. Eftersom alle remmene er forbundet med hinanden og 20 omslutter spærene ved at samlingen mellem et spær og en rem er placeret helt eller delvist i et tværsnit i spæret, vil en sammenspænding af samlingen mellem to remme medføre en mindre omkreds af den samlede rem-konstruktion, og føre til en hævning af spærenes toppunkt og dermed give en stejlere spær-hældning. Dette er specielt hensigtsmæssigt ved sammenstilling af flere tagkonstruktioner ifølge opfindelsen hvor det 25 vil tage sig æstetisk forkert ud, såfremt taghældningeme varierer en smule på de sammenstillede konstruktioner.Since the bracket consists of two parts, these can be clamped together after locks and straps are placed in the structure. This can be an advantage if you want to fine-tune, for example, the slope. Since all the belts are connected to each other and the latches enclose in that the joint between a latch and a belt is located in whole or in part in a cross-section of the latch, a clamping of the joint between two belts will result in a smaller circumference of the overall belt construction. and lead to a raise of the top of the rafters, thus giving a steeper barrier slope. This is especially useful when assembling multiple roof structures according to the invention where it will be aesthetically incorrect if the roof slopes vary slightly on the assembled structures.
T egningsbeskri velseCharacter description
Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive forklaret under henvisning til den medfølgende tegning, hvor: 30 FIG. 1 viser en ottekantet tagkonstruktion i stiliseret stregtegning FIG. 2 er en plan tegning med en rem-spær-samling DK 176686 B1 8 FIG. 3 er en opstalt med en rem-spær-samling FIG. 4 er en snittegning visende snit i en rem-spær-samlingThe invention will be explained in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which: FIG. 1 shows an octagonal roof structure in stylized line drawing FIG. 2 is a plan view of a belt lock assembly DK 176686 B1 8 FIG. 3 is an elevation with a belt-lock assembly FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a section of a belt-lock assembly
Detaljeret beskrivelse af opfindelsen På fig. 1 ses en ottekantet tagkonstruktion 1, hvor alle spær 2 er grat-spær. Spærene 2 5 er samlet med chamier i toppen 3 af tagkonstruktionen 1.Detailed Description of the Invention In FIG. Figure 1 shows an octagonal roof structure 1, in which all rafters 2 are graters. The rafters 2 5 are assembled with chamois in the top 3 of the roof structure 1.
Tagkonstruktionen 1 bestående af otte spær 2 og otte remme 4. Alle spærene 2 er med en vinkel 5 i forhold til vandret. Hvert spær 2 er forbundet med en rem 4, med en char-nier-samling 6 mellem spær 2 og rem 4. Hver rem 4 består af to rem-ender 7 og en 10 midterdel 8.The roof structure 1 consisting of eight rafters 2 and eight belts 4. All rafters 2 have an angle 5 with respect to the horizontal. Each latch 2 is connected to a belt 4, with a charnier assembly 6 between latch 2 and belt 4. Each belt 4 consists of two belt ends 7 and a middle 10 part 8.
Egenvægten fra spærene 2 vil bevirke at remme 4 forspændes ved hjælp af de træk-kræfter, der er resultanter af kraften fra spærenes 2 egenvægt.The self-weight of the latches 2 will cause the belt 4 to be biased by the tensile forces that result from the force of the self-weight of the latches 2.
15 Fig. 2 viser en planskitse af en mulig udførelsesform af rem-spær-samling 9. Remme 4 med rem-ender 7, er vist skraverede, idet remmene 4 begge udgøres af et lige afskåret limtræ. Rem-enden 7 er placeret i et U-profilbeslag 10, der er smigskåret og udført med et endeluk 11, som er monteret med boltesamlinger 12 i endelukket 11 på det modstående U-profilbeslag 10. U-profilbeslagene 10 er fastgjort til grat-spæret 2 med 20 montageskmer 13. Hvor remmens ende 7 er monteret i U-profilbeslaget 10, er der monteret en kraftfordelingsplade 14. U-Profilbeslag 10 og rem-ende 7 og kraftforde-Iingspladen 14 er samlet med et antal gennemgående bolte 15. Remmene 4 er placeret over en ydervægskonstruktion 16.FIG. 2 shows a plan view of a possible embodiment of belt lock assembly 9. Straps 4 with strap ends 7 are shown in shaded form, the straps 4 being both a straight cut glue tree. The belt end 7 is positioned in a U-profile bracket 10, which is flattered and made with an end cap 11, which is mounted with bolt joints 12 in the end cap 11 on the opposite U-profile bracket 10. The U-profile brackets 10 are attached to the latch. 2 with 20 mounting screens 13. Where the belt end 7 is mounted in the U-profile bracket 10, a power distribution plate 14. U-profile bracket 10 and belt end 7 and the power distribution plate 14 are assembled with a number of through bolts 15. The belts 4 is positioned above an outer wall structure 16.
25 Fig. 3 er en opstalt af samme rem-spær-samling 9 som vist i fig. 2. Heraf ses, at U-Profilbeslaget 10, rem-enden 7 og kraftfordelingspladen 14 er samlet med tolv gennemgående bolte 15. U-profilbeslagene 10 er fastgjort til grat-spæret 2 med 3 montageskruer 13 monteret i aflange huller 17 for vandret justering. Samlingen mellem de to endelukker 11 i U-profilbeslagene 10 er vist med en afstand 18 for optagelse af tempe-30 ratur- og/eller fugtrelateret forlængelse/formindskelse af remmene 4 og samtidig for opspænding af rem- og spærkonstruktionen.FIG. 3 is an elevation of the same belt lock assembly 9 as shown in FIG. 2. From this it can be seen that the U-profile bracket 10, the belt end 7 and the power distribution plate 14 are assembled with twelve through bolts 15. The U-profile brackets 10 are fixed to the grating 2 with 3 mounting screws 13 mounted in elongated holes 17 for horizontal adjustment. The joint between the two end closures 11 of the U-profile fittings 10 is shown at a distance 18 for accommodating the temperature and / or moisture-related extension / reduction of the belts 4 and at the same time for clamping the belt and locking structure.
DK 176686 B1 9 På fig. 4 vises, hvorledes grat-spæret 2 ved sin nedre ende 19 mod samlingen 6 med remmen 4, er udført med en udsparing 20, hvor den vandrette del 21 af udsparingen 20 tjener som underlag for remsamlingen 9, og hvor den lodrette del 22 af udsparingen 20 er smigskåret.DK 176686 B1 9 In FIG. 4 is shown how the latch 2 at its lower end 19 towards the assembly 6 with the belt 4 is formed with a recess 20, in which the horizontal part 21 of the recess 20 serves as a support for the belt assembly 9 and where the vertical part 22 of the recess 20 is flattered.
55
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK200701015A DK176686B1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Self-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring |
| PCT/DK2008/000258 WO2009006896A2 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-08 | Roof construction |
| EP08758267A EP2209953A1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2008-07-08 | Roof construction |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK200701015A DK176686B1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Self-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring |
| DK200701015 | 2007-07-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK200701015A DK200701015A (en) | 2009-01-11 |
| DK176686B1 true DK176686B1 (en) | 2009-02-23 |
Family
ID=40130566
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK200701015A DK176686B1 (en) | 2007-07-10 | 2007-07-10 | Self-supporting roof with strap as a drawstring |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2209953A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK176686B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009006896A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8054094B1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2011-11-08 | General Electric Company | Image reconstruction based constrained maximization |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3109208A (en) * | 1960-11-17 | 1963-11-05 | Contemporary Structures Inc | Ridge beam hanger |
| US3925954A (en) * | 1973-09-24 | 1975-12-16 | Kenneth T Snow | Corner bracket with hip saddle |
| US4229915A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1980-10-28 | Snow Kenneth T | Corner bracket with saddle for hip rafters of buildings |
| DE8631745U1 (en) * | 1986-11-27 | 1990-05-10 | Julius & August Erbslöh GmbH + Co, 5620 Velbert | Connecting component for purlins, supporting frames, etc. |
| IE64975B1 (en) * | 1991-06-18 | 1995-09-20 | Thermal Profiles Accessories | Conservatories |
| JPH10299089A (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 1998-11-10 | Asahi Komuten Kk | Member for building |
-
2007
- 2007-07-10 DK DK200701015A patent/DK176686B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-07-08 WO PCT/DK2008/000258 patent/WO2009006896A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2008-07-08 EP EP08758267A patent/EP2209953A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2209953A1 (en) | 2010-07-28 |
| WO2009006896A3 (en) | 2009-02-26 |
| WO2009006896A8 (en) | 2010-04-29 |
| DK200701015A (en) | 2009-01-11 |
| WO2009006896A2 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PBP | Patent lapsed |
Effective date: 20210710 |