DK168543B1 - Fremgangsmåde til blegning af træpulp med hydrogenperoxid - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåde til blegning af træpulp med hydrogenperoxid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK168543B1 DK168543B1 DK479287A DK479287A DK168543B1 DK 168543 B1 DK168543 B1 DK 168543B1 DK 479287 A DK479287 A DK 479287A DK 479287 A DK479287 A DK 479287A DK 168543 B1 DK168543 B1 DK 168543B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- pulp
- process according
- salt
- alkali metal
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 amine salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoramidic acid Chemical compound NP(O)(O)=O PTMHPRAIXMAOOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dtpmp Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(=O)O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O DUYCTCQXNHFCSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-bis{2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl}glycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(=O)O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O QPCDCPDFJACHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009897 hydrogen peroxide bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960003330 pentetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004076 pulp bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GCDCNBJTVDTVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-hydroxy-3,3-diphosphonopropyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)(O)C(O)CC(P(O)(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O GCDCNBJTVDTVPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=C)C(O)=O FEWFXBUNENSNBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000158147 Sator Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002057 carboxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940090960 diethylenetriamine pentamethylene phosphonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M disodium;sulfanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[SH-] VDQVEACBQKUUSU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N edtmp Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CCN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O NFDRPXJGHKJRLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001437 manganese ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003458 sulfonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1005—Pretreatment of the pulp, e.g. degassing the pulp
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US90769486 | 1986-09-15 | ||
| US06/907,694 US4732650A (en) | 1986-09-15 | 1986-09-15 | Bleaching of cellulosic pulps using hydrogen peroxide |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DK479287D0 DK479287D0 (da) | 1987-09-14 |
| DK479287A DK479287A (da) | 1988-03-16 |
| DK168543B1 true DK168543B1 (da) | 1994-04-18 |
Family
ID=25424494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DK479287A DK168543B1 (da) | 1986-09-15 | 1987-09-14 | Fremgangsmåde til blegning af træpulp med hydrogenperoxid |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4732650A (pt) |
| EP (1) | EP0262836B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JPH0814079B2 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU600756B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR8704771A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA1284558C (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE3775688D1 (pt) |
| DK (1) | DK168543B1 (pt) |
| FI (1) | FI88526C (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO170347C (pt) |
| NZ (1) | NZ221798A (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA876920B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE459924B (sv) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-08-21 | Sunds Defibrator | Saett foer framstaellning av mekanisk massa |
| DE69004492T3 (de) * | 1989-06-06 | 2001-11-15 | Eka Nobel Ab, Bohus | Verfahren zum Bleichen von Lignocellulose enthaltenden Zellstoffen. |
| US5013404A (en) * | 1989-11-15 | 1991-05-07 | The Dow Chemical Company | Process for alkaline peroxide bleaching of wood pulp using a quaternary amine as additive |
| US5145558A (en) * | 1989-11-15 | 1992-09-08 | The Dow Chemical Company | Composition for alkaline peroxide bleaching of wood pulp using a quaternary amine as additive |
| SE9001481L (sv) * | 1990-04-23 | 1991-10-24 | Eka Nobel Ab | Reduktion av halogenorganiska foereningar i blekeriavlopp |
| SE466061B (sv) * | 1990-04-23 | 1991-12-09 | Eka Nobel Ab | Blekning av kemisk massa genom behandling med foerst ett komplexbildande aemne och sedan ett peroxidinnehaallande aemne |
| FR2661431B1 (fr) * | 1990-04-30 | 1992-07-17 | Atochem | Procede de blanchiment au peroxyde de l'hydrogene de pates a papier a haut rendement. |
| US6398908B1 (en) | 1991-04-30 | 2002-06-04 | Eka Nobel Ab | Process for acid bleaching of lignocellulose-containing pulp with a magnesium compound |
| US5205907A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-04-27 | Macmillan Bloedel Limited | Removal of manganese from pulp using a chelating agent and magnesium sulphate |
| US5223091A (en) * | 1991-11-25 | 1993-06-29 | Macmillan Bloedel Limited | Method of brightening mechanical pulp using silicate-free peroxide bleaching |
| SE469842C (sv) * | 1992-01-21 | 1996-01-15 | Sunds Defibrator Ind Ab | Blekning av kemisk massa med peroxid |
| CA2063351C (en) * | 1992-03-18 | 1996-08-13 | Stanley Alan Heimburger | Process for bleaching hardwood pulp |
| JP2937658B2 (ja) * | 1992-10-02 | 1999-08-23 | 日華化学 株式会社 | 故紙の再生処理方法 |
| WO1994020672A1 (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 1994-09-15 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Process for bleaching pulp |
| US6149766A (en) * | 1993-06-08 | 2000-11-21 | Kvaerner Pulping Technologies, A/B | Process for peroxide bleaching of chemical pulp in a pressurized bleaching vessel |
| ES2118445T3 (es) * | 1993-10-26 | 1998-09-16 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Acidos aminoalcano-difosfonicos en blanqueo de pasta papelera. |
| US5645688A (en) * | 1995-01-30 | 1997-07-08 | Vinings Industries, Inc. | Bleaching compositions and processes employing sulfamates and polyaminocarboxylic acids |
| CA2173824A1 (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-28 | Brian A. Parker | Ethylenediaminetriacetic acid and salts thereof as chelating agents in pulp bleaching |
| US6706143B1 (en) | 1996-03-19 | 2004-03-16 | International Paper Company | Minimizing chlorinated organics in pulp bleaching processes |
| JPH108092A (ja) * | 1996-06-21 | 1998-01-13 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills Ltd | 過酸化物漂白用安定化剤及びそれを用いた繊維系物質の漂白方法 |
| RU2155834C1 (ru) * | 2000-02-24 | 2000-09-10 | Камский целлюлозно-бумажный комбинат | Способ отбелки древесной массы |
| KR100482289B1 (ko) * | 2002-09-10 | 2005-04-14 | 한국케미라케미칼(주) | 과산화물 표백에 사용되는 안정제 조성물 및 과산화물 표백제의 안정화 방법 |
| US7101832B2 (en) * | 2003-06-19 | 2006-09-05 | Johnsondiversey, Inc. | Cleaners containing peroxide bleaching agents for cleaning paper making equipment and method |
| RU2243304C1 (ru) * | 2004-02-04 | 2004-12-27 | Томский политехнический университет | Способ безхлорной отбелки сульфатной целлюлозы |
| US7351764B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2008-04-01 | Nalco Company | Methods to enhance brightness of pulp and optimize use of bleaching chemicals |
| RU2266992C1 (ru) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-27 | Федорова Эльвира Ильинична | Способ отбелки целлюлозы |
| RU2266993C1 (ru) * | 2004-06-07 | 2005-12-27 | Федорова Эльвира Ильинична | Способ отбелки сульфатной целлюлозы |
| US7297225B2 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2007-11-20 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Process for high temperature peroxide bleaching of pulp with cool discharge |
| RU2283909C1 (ru) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-09-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт лесной, целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности" (ОАО "СибНИИ ЦБП") | Способ отбелки целлюлозы |
| US8138106B2 (en) | 2005-09-30 | 2012-03-20 | Rayonier Trs Holdings Inc. | Cellulosic fibers with odor control characteristics |
| RU2315831C1 (ru) * | 2006-05-30 | 2008-01-27 | Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пермский государственный технический университет" | Способ делигнификации целлюлозы |
| US20080110584A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-15 | Caifang Yin | Bleaching process with at least one extraction stage |
| RU2413046C1 (ru) * | 2009-09-21 | 2011-02-27 | Эльвира Ильинична Федорова | Способ отбелки сульфатной целлюлозы |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE795085A (fr) * | 1972-03-10 | 1973-05-29 | Benckiser Knapsack Gmbh | Procede de blanchiment de fibres cellulosiques seules ou en melange avec des fibres synthetiques |
| SE416481B (sv) * | 1977-05-02 | 1981-01-05 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Fofarande och anordning for behandling av vedflis for avlegsnande av tungmetaller och harts |
| US4614646A (en) * | 1984-12-24 | 1986-09-30 | The Dow Chemical Company | Stabilization of peroxide systems in the presence of alkaline earth metal ions |
-
1986
- 1986-09-15 US US06/907,694 patent/US4732650A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-09-14 CA CA000546753A patent/CA1284558C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-09-14 NO NO873833A patent/NO170347C/no unknown
- 1987-09-14 JP JP62228664A patent/JPH0814079B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-14 NZ NZ221798A patent/NZ221798A/xx unknown
- 1987-09-14 DK DK479287A patent/DK168543B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-15 FI FI874019A patent/FI88526C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-15 DE DE8787308146T patent/DE3775688D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-09-15 AU AU78407/87A patent/AU600756B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-09-15 BR BR8704771A patent/BR8704771A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-09-15 EP EP87308146A patent/EP0262836B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-09-15 ZA ZA876920A patent/ZA876920B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI88526C (fi) | 1993-05-25 |
| EP0262836B1 (en) | 1992-01-02 |
| JPS63120187A (ja) | 1988-05-24 |
| FI874019L (fi) | 1988-03-16 |
| NZ221798A (en) | 1990-07-26 |
| AU7840787A (en) | 1988-03-17 |
| BR8704771A (pt) | 1988-05-17 |
| AU600756B2 (en) | 1990-08-23 |
| DE3775688D1 (de) | 1992-02-13 |
| FI88526B (fi) | 1993-02-15 |
| FI874019A0 (fi) | 1987-09-15 |
| US4732650A (en) | 1988-03-22 |
| NO170347B (no) | 1992-06-29 |
| DK479287D0 (da) | 1987-09-14 |
| JPH0814079B2 (ja) | 1996-02-14 |
| NO170347C (no) | 1992-10-07 |
| CA1284558C (en) | 1991-06-04 |
| DK479287A (da) | 1988-03-16 |
| NO873833D0 (no) | 1987-09-14 |
| NO873833L (no) | 1988-03-16 |
| ZA876920B (en) | 1989-05-30 |
| EP0262836A1 (en) | 1988-04-06 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
| PBP | Patent lapsed |