DK164684B - ESTABLISHMENT FOR PREPARATION OF PIG - Google Patents

Description

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DK 164684 B

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slaughter pig housing facility comprising a recovery aisle and a drift aisle, and a plurality of said elongate folds located adjacent to each other, each of which has an entrance gate and an exit gate at each end as well as a longitudinally movable drive door.

After slaughter pigs have been unloaded at the slaughterhouse, they are housed in the slaughterhouse folding facility for a shorter period so that they can rest after transport. During the reading and during the stay, the veterinarian 10 calls the pigs and removes the sick and infirm animals which are unfit for the normal procedure.

The accommodation is normally arranged in such a way that the transport wagons with the pigs drive to the slaughterhouse's unloading ramp, after which the pigs are driven out of the truck's compartment and together are brought into a driveway which is connected with a number of folds. The entrance door to a fold is opened by the operator who, by means of a drive board, guides the pigs into the fold until it is full. Then open the door to the next fold, which is then filled in a similar way, optionally supplemented with pigs from subsequent transport vehicles.

20 Each fold in a slaughterhouse today has a fixed capacity of between AO and 60 animals. The loading capacity of the transport trucks arriving at the slaughterhouse, on the other hand, can vary considerably from AO-100 pigs per year. wagon. This means that pigs from different cargo loads are usually mixed together during the staging, with the operator having to ensure that the fold is not overcrowded and that there is the area required by the authorities in the fold of at least 0.5 m 2 per square meter. finishers.

When the housed animals are to be slaughtered, the operator opens a door located in the exit end of the fold and the operator drives the animals out of the fold and into a passage at the end of the folds by means of a drive plate. In the aisle 30, there may be some plate-driven plates which mechanically drive the pigs towards a tread. In this, the animals are arranged one after the other and then one by one they are closed into the anesthetic system.

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DK 164684 B

Our Danish Patent No. 110,107 discloses a folding system with a longitudinally movable plate, by means of which the operator can manually drive the pigs out of the fold after a hoist door placed at the exit of the fold is opened by the operator. When the pigs are driven out 5 times at the end of the folds, they are guided towards the runway by mechanical drive with some plates pulled by a chain conveyor.

In the known treatment of slaughter pigs, it can be difficult for the operator to get the pigs into and out of the folds and to the anesthetic system because the pigs are in an unfamiliar situation and react to all influences. In addition, the pigs' nervousness during the treatment at the slaughterhouse causes mutual fighting and a high level of stress. Oise conditions cause some of the carcasses to have severe damage, muscle haemorrhage and divergent meat quality, with consequent deterioration in the economy of the slaughterhouse.

It is the object of the invention to provide a housing facility in which the pigs are more easily treated and react less violently and aggressively to their species counterparts than in the known plants.

In this plant, the pigs must be able to be treated in units so that animal-friendly treatment and a consequent diminished occurrence of 20 carcasses with severe damage, muscle haemorrhage and poor meat quality are achieved. The plant must be extensively mechanized and automated to provide uniform treatment of the animals.

The system according to the invention is characterized in that in each fold there is one or more stationary intermediate doors arranged at such a distance from each other, the entrance door and the exit door, that the fold is divided into several sections.

The pigs in a delivery or part thereof can thereby be treated as a separate unit during one or more of the usual processing steps, which include the pigs in a delivery being loaded by the transport trolley, driven into folds and housed in these, and driven out by the folds and go to a stunning facility. The pigs in one unit can be constantly kept separate from pigs belonging to other units.

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DK 164684 B

By dividing each fold into a number of smaller sections, it is possible to avoid mixing pigs from one unit with pigs from other units without significantly reducing the capacity of the plant. The result is a more animal-friendly treatment than in the large folds used today, where pigs from different deliveries are mixed with each other. The incidence of carcasses with severe damage, muscle haemorrhage and deteriorated meat quality is significantly reduced.

By treating the pigs as separate units, the aggression of the animals is reduced. This is because, among other things, the pigs in one unit have already accepted their rank in relation to the other pigs in the unit during transport. Thus, they do not have to compete with each other at the slaughterhouse as long as they are kept separate from animals from other supplies. The stress level of the pigs is thus low enough for the animals to be driven into foals, housed in them and / or driven out of the 15 folds by a controlled mechanical system, which firstly provides uniform treatment times and methods for the pigs and for the second, excludes interaction between the pigs and the operator.

Both of these conditions cause the pigs to be less burdened. The plant according to the invention thus enables a treatment of the animals which is in accordance with their natural behavioral pattern. This provides them with significantly higher levels of well-being than the traditional treatment, and consequently also facilitates work for the operator.

At the same time, the system can be built into preexisting plants, simply by splitting the existing folds. This enables 25 quick adaptations to older folding systems.

According to the invention, the intermediate gates must be stationary, which helps to simplify the control systems that ensure that the pigs are kept separate in the units. Stationary gates only slightly agitate the pigs when operated, and in their open position they may be more or less recessed into the side walls of the fold, giving a gentler drive of the pigs in the folds.

DK 164684 B

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Existing folding sisters with concrete sidewalls can also be provided with a plate structure between the doors, which consists of a more animal-friendly material, such as a smooth, black plate, which causes less damage to the pigs than with the existing rough and white concrete walls. The doors can thereby be folded between such attachments.

A delivery shall mean a quantity of animals delivered and / or transported to the slaughterhouse as a separate unit. If the wagon's load is undivided, the entire load represents a delivery. If, on the other hand, the wagon 10 is divided into, for example, three compartments, the cargo represents three deliveries, regardless of whether the animals come from the same pig producer or not.

The entire delivery may form the separate unit. This will especially be the case when the delivery includes a few pigs, eg the size of 15 pigs per container transport. delivery.

15 The treated separate unit of pigs may also constitute a certain fraction of the supply, for example half of the pigs delivered in a cargo area. The other half of the delivery can then form another separate unit. A delivery of fyO pigs can thus be divided into two units with 20 pigs in each.

The plant according to the invention can be used in accordance with the purpose 20 while maintaining the previous delivery pattern with different size cargo loads. Pig producers and hauliers can also be instructed to deliver the pigs in specific fixed unit sizes, corresponding to the size of the slaughterhouse's folder space. In this way, the capacity of the folds can still be utilized optimally. It will also be possible to control the supply of 25 pigs, as the slaughterhouse, as soon as it has received notification of deliveries for one day, can calculate the supply and take precautions accordingly.

The frequency of pigs to stay overnight in the slaughterhouse folds is reduced by such controlled feeding.

In spite of the need for large pigs supply 30 and a high pace of slaughter at the slaughterhouses, it has become possible to take into account the behavior and instincts of the pigs by means of the invention. The pigs receive animal-friendly treatment under the industrialized conditions prevailing in modern slaughterhouses.

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DK 164684 B

The housing spaces formed by means of the intermediate doors may each have a surface area corresponding to the size of the unit determined in connection with the transport and housing of the slaughterhouse pigs. After the unit size has been determined taking into account the practical possibilities, the slaughterhouse's folds are preferably arranged such that each storage room is arranged for one unit of pigs and no more, thus providing an optimal utilization of the area available for the folds.

At the foals established at slaughterhouses today, an optimal 10 fold utilization is not achieved if the pigs in a delivery are to be housed in a folder space and the pigs in one unit are constantly kept separate from pigs belonging to other units, the existing foals each being intended for a large number of animals, eg pigs, which means that the folds can become half empty, especially if the units determined must be flock size.

In the plant according to the invention, the existing folding systems are utilized considerably more optimally, a fold being divided into several fold sections by means of the respective partitions, each constituting a housing space corresponding to the determined size of the unit. A large fold can thereby be divided into smaller spaces in which it is easier to maintain a high average occupancy rate for the pigs to be treated in the above manner. The system according to the invention can thus make use of pre-existing folding systems in which only partitions are built into.

The present subdivision of a fold into smaller sections means that the pigs in folding systems adapted to the invention can now be treated as a flock instead of as a quantity, the intermediate doors being located at such a distance that each section of a fold fold may contain a number of pigs corresponding to a herd.

A herd shall be understood to mean such a number of animals as to act as a herd, ie. they must feel a certain cohesion, and at the same time the number must not be 30 greater than the individual being able to keep up with what the other animals in the herd are doing.

The maximum number of animals that can form a herd depends, inter alia, on by the inherited flock instinct of the animals as well as by the influences from the surroundings.

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DK 164684 B

At this limited size of the treated units, the animals become less stressed than in larger units, with the animals' natural behavioral pattern and rank instinct functioning significantly better in small unit sizes than in large ones where the animals can no longer act as a flock.

5 The above-mentioned division into flocks facilitates the operation and packaging of pigs into aisles or folds is avoided. Likewise, inspection and monitoring of pigs is facilitated.

The unit size in question corresponding to a herd is also the smallest economic unit that can be adapted to the conditions of 10 pig producers and hauliers if there is a continuous line of pig from producer through haulage to slaughterhouse.

Thus, when a number of pigs corresponding to a herd are used, this is adapted to the unit size that can be practically provided in paths and on transport vehicles.

In said embodiment, the presence of said quality degradation in carcasses is further reduced.

In slaughterhouse conditions, a herd may include 12-20 pigs. An embodiment of the system according to the invention is characterized in that each section of the fold can contain 12-20 pigs. Preferably, the fold is divided into sections 20 ex for 15 pigs.

Under slaughter conditions, said number of animals may maintain an established flock structure if delivered as a unit of said size or they may form a flock if they have been delivered as a large batch of more than said number of animals.

25 When the unit is set for a flock size of 12-20 pigs, a solution can be practically achieved with the existing path, trolley and folding systems which have very close or the same area requirements as the systems used today, but where the supply of pigs to the rear line are considerably smoother and result in significantly less damage to the animals.

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DK 164684 B

In the folding system according to the invention, the pigs in a unit can be defined by controllable stationary doors and operated by movable controllable doors. By controlling the doors, the pigs in one unit can be automatically held in one area or operated from one area to another, 5 without the risk of mixing with pigs from other units.

In one embodiment of the system according to the invention, there are 1-5 intermediate doors in each fold, such that the fold is divided into 2-6 sections. The folds hereby become no longer than that a movable drive door can serve all sections within a reasonable time.

In an advantageous embodiment of the system according to the invention, the intermediate doors are side hung. Such gates cause less fright in the pigs than top hinged gates, and they can be designed to allow passage of the drive door in its closed position. The drive door can therefore maintain its closed position during the recovery or expulsion of pigs, although it must pass one or more open intermediate doors.

The veterinary regulations stipulate that there must be at least 0.5 m2 of floor space for each pig in the slaughterhouse folds. It has been found that the pigs can easily be compacted on a smaller area, so that there is only 0.4 m2 of floor space for each pig in a folder space. This is utilized in an advantageous embodiment according to which the intermediate doors are two-part. In this embodiment, an intermediate door can be closed after a drive door, after it has driven the pig into a section of the fold and is driven so far into the section that the two-piece intermediate layer can just release behind the drive door.

Preferably, each of the intermediate layers comprises two separate doors hinged to each side wall of the fold. This construction is robust and can usually withstand the effects of pigs.

In this specification, doors shall not only mean doors 30 in the usual sense, but also doors in the form of sheets, lattice structures or the like. surface-filling designs which can block the passage in an elongated fold and which, when pivoting about a shaft, hoist or other movement, release the passage again from the slaughter animals.

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DK 164684 B

The drive door which can be moved longitudinally of the fold may be a frame construction provided with a drive plate and wheels. On or near the top edge of the folding side walls are found for the wheels corresponding rails. In its closed position, the plate part of the cover should substantially be able to fill the cross-section of the fold so that it can drive the animals without causing any risk of crushing. In the open position, the plate portion is raised or swiveled so that the drive door can run over the pigs in the fold without being touched, or it can pass the pigs forward in the fold.

The doors of the present plant may be manually operated, but motorized doors are preferred. These can be controlled according to a program in which the time is distributed so that the pigs receive a uniform, calm treatment, while at the same time adjusting the time factor to the slaughterhouse slaughter rate.

Therefore, a preferred embodiment is characterized by the fact that one or more doors are motor-driven and that one or more control centers exist for controlling such doors.

A control center can control the doors in a fold, in the recovery aisle or the aisle aisle, but it is also possible to build a center that takes care of and controls the function of the total system, from the 20 pigs are unloaded and until they are closed into the anesthetic system.

For example, devices may be found at the slaughterhouse's unloading ramps, corridors and folds that allow access to an area only after an operator or control system has indicated that the area is not in use by pigs belonging to other units. In this way, mixing between the 25 units is avoided, and the operators can simply follow a set work schedule or possibly completely entrust the control of the work to the control centers.

The centers can control the movement of mechanical means that serve to delineate and / or drive the pigs in a unit. The centers can, for example, activate motors or the like. in gates separating two areas, between 30 which the pigs in a unit must move during the processing at the slaughterhouse. The treatment of the pigs as units can thereby take place more or less automatically and independently of operators, which results in a uniform and animal-friendly treatment of the pigs, and the operator's tasks are significantly reduced.

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DK 164684 B

Mechanical devices which provide for automatic separation of the units of pigs and drive the animals forward in the treatment system can be found in the recovery and ejection corridors. Appropriate intermediate bearings, hoist doors and drive / hoist doors of the same kind as 5 used in the system's folds are used. In this way it is possible to keep the animals separated in units from the exit of the truck until they reach the anesthetic facility.

In a simplified system, the mechanical means in question are found in the folds, while drive and possibly separation are performed more or less manually by conventional means such as drive plates.

An advantageous embodiment is characterized in that after the expulsion process and in front of the anesthetic system, there is an intermediate fold, which fold may be defined and / or operated by controllable, stationary doors and / or movable controllable doors. In this embodiment, the packing of the pigs is avoided when, for example, there is a stop on the anesthetic system. Furthermore, the animals are guided more easily towards the tread, as the blind end of the expulsion can be blocked by a door.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which 1 shows a plant for housing 450 slaughter pigs, 20 and fig. 2 is a perspective view of a fold in the plant.

DK 164684 B

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The plant comprises ten elongated folds 1, arranged in pairs with intermediate inspection passages 2. The folds can be found in an already existing plant. Each fold is divided into three sections 3a, 3b and 3c by means of two sets of intermediate layers 4. For example, on the folds side walls are mounted smooth 5 steel or plastic sheets. Each section has an internal dimension of approx.

1.6 x 4.7 m, which provides enough space for 15 pigs to be housed. Between their doors are provided in their hinges with a compressed air cylinder 20 (Fig. 2) which can swing the doors 90 ° to either open or close for passage from a fold section to a subsequent one.

10 In the open position, the doors lie within niches formed by mounting the plates on the side walls 5 of the folds.

At the entrance end of each fold there is a manually operated pivot gate 6 which, in its closed position, prevents the animals in a fold from entering a retraction aisle 7 located at the end of the fold entrance. In the open position, the swing door blocks passage through the drive-in aisle and guides the propelled pigs into the associated fold.

At the output end of each fold there is a stationary locking door 8 which can raise and lower by means of a motor which in the lower position prevents the animals in the fold from going into an expulsion passage 9 at the end of the 20 fold.

In addition, in each fold there is a travel lift gate 10 which can be moved to the full length of the fold. The door has a trolley system whose driven wheels run on rails 21 disposed on the upper edge of the fold side walls. The door also has a plate that can be raised and lowered by means of a motor 25 or a compressed air cylinder, so that it either blocks passage in the fold or allows the pigs to pass under it.

In the lowered position, the door can pass past the middle doors when they are open. The door 10 acts as a mechanical drive board when it is moved forward in the fold in the closed position by means of the carriage system.

30 In the folding sidewalls, there are some manually operated side doors out to the inspection aisles through which diseased animals can be discharged into special folds.

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DK 164684 B

The expulsion aisle 9 culminates in a half-arch 11 leading into a collecting aisle 12. This ends in a double drift aisle 13 in which the pigs are sequentially sequenced before being enclosed and bedded in an anesthetic trap.

5 The drive aisle 9 is operated by a drive-lift door 14 similar to those found in the folds 1. In addition, there is a guide plate 15 which can be locked to the 9 sides of the drive aisle. It should prevent the pigs from an open fold from going towards the blind end of the discharge passage 9.

A corresponding drive locking door 16 is provided for operating the half-arch 11.

10 A third drive locking door 17 is provided in the collecting aisle 12 for driving the pigs towards the runway 13.

The system also includes a control system, the function of which will appear from the following explanation of the use of the system.

Pigs are transported to the slaughterhouse in wagons, which can accommodate, for example, 45 15 animals. To keep animals from different paths or suppliers separate, the carriage can be divided into, for example, three areas with room for 15 animals in each.

After the carriage is located at the slaughterhouse unloading ramp, the animals are driven manually from an area into the recovery aisle 7. If the carriage is not area divided, a herd of 15 animals is driven into the recovery aisle 7.

The animals are guided by the open swing door 6 into the associated fold 1, in which the drive lift door 9 and the intermediate doors 4 are open. When the animals have entered the fold, the door 6 is closed and the recovery operator presses a button which initiates the automatic filling operation of the fold section.

25 The locking door 10 closes in its rear position in the fold and then slowly moves forward in the fold, so that the pigs are driven towards the farthest section of the fold. The door speed is eg 30 cm / sec. Inside section 3a, the door is stopped in a position immediately in front of the open intermediate doors and then closed automatically.

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DK 164684 B

The plate in the drive-lift door 10 is raised to its upper position, thereby releasing the entire fold section 3a to the pigs. The ride-lift gate 10 then returns to its rear position at the gate 6.

While section 3a has been filled, a new herd of animals has been manually driven 3 into the recovery aisle 7. As soon as the last one is inside the fold 1, the cover 6 is closed, thereby closing the drive-lift door and then moving forward in the fold, driving the animals in front themselves. When the drive-lift door has reached the position immediately in front of the open intermediate doors, it stops and the intermediate doors close automatically. The plate in the drive-lift door is raised. In the fol-10 section 3b there is a flock No. 2. The drive-lift door advances to the position shown at the top of fig. First

A new herd of, for example, 13 animals, meanwhile, has been driven from the unloading ramp and into the recovery aisle 7. When the animals are inside the fold section 3c, the gate 6 is closed. The fold is now filled with animals, which the operator indicates to the control system and the crew there to empty the fold by a button activated signal.

The recovery operator can go ahead and fill up the next fold without thinking about what will happen next in the just filled fold.

It is sought that the carriages be divided into fixed units corresponding to the size of the folders. If a carriage arrives, which for some reason is not regulated, arrives, eg with 25 animals per day. carriage compartments, the first 15 animals can be placed in the front fold section, and the next 10 animals in the middle section. The last section then places animals from a subsequent carriage load or room.

25 Thus, the filling of the folds is continued, with the delivered animals being led in a fold section into a fold section, without mixing animals from different deliveries at the time of collection and housing. This means that each section contains all animals or one to a herd-size portion of the animals from one delivery, but not animals from different deliveries.

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DK 164684 B

Thus, during the recovery and housing, the herd formation obtained at the time of entry or earlier, or a quantity of pig transported, is maintained and processed into fractions which promote herd formation in the fold sections.

When emptying a fold for pigs to be slaughtered, an opera-3 drier operates a button that initiates the automatic emptying operation. The door 15 is placed as an extension of one side wall of the fold to be emptied and locked to the 9 sides of the hallway. The drive locking door 14 runs to a position immediately in front of the door 15 and closes. The control system activates the motor which brings the folding lid door 8 into the open position.

The pigs in fold section 3a can now migrate out into the hallway 9.

The folding drive gate 10 is closed automatically and driven from the starting position in front of the closed intermediate doors to the final position at the gate 8.

During this slow movement of the door, the animals are driven out of the fold section and into the hallway 9.

The intermediate layers 4 between sections 3a and 3b are opened forwardly in the folding section 3a during the movement of the drive hoist lid.

As soon as the drive gate 10 stops at the gate 8, the motor automatically starts the engine in the drive gate 14. It drives the pigs forward in the aisle 9. At the end of the aisle 9 the drive gate 16 is placed in the open 20 position, which means that the animals is driven into the arc 11. When all animals are driven into the arc 11, the gate 16. The gate hoist 14 is automatically opened and returns to its initial position at the gate 15, while the gate 16 travels around the arch 11. In the pickup 12, the drive is taken over. the drive-hitch door 17, which closes behind the 25 retrieved animals and drives them forward toward the runway 13. The drive-hitch door 16 returns to its initial position and opens, ready to receive animals from a new fold section.

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DK 164684 B

Expulsion of animals from the fold section 3b is started as soon as the drive hoist door 14 has passed past the exit of the fold in its driving motion towards the arch piece 11. The drive hoist door 10 is opened and returned to a position immediately in front of the closed intermediate doors 4 between fold section 5 5 and 3c. After automatic closing of the drive-lift door 9, the door's motor is started, whereby the door moves forward in the fold, driving the flock of pigs in front of it and out into the passage 9. The intermediate doors open behind the drive-lift door.

When the drive lock gate 10 is fully advanced at the passage 9, the drive lock gate 10 14 can take over the drive. It drives forward the pigs towards the archway 11. Here and in the collection aisle 12, the drive is carried out in the same way as explained above in connection with the flock from section 3a.

As soon as the drive locking door 14 has passed the exit of the fold in its movement towards the arch piece 11, the automatic means ensures that the drive locking door 10 is opened. The drive lift gate 10 is returned to a position immediately in front of the swing door 6 and closed. The door 9 motor is started, moving the door forward in the fold. The pigs from section 3c are driven out of the fold and into the hallway 9.

When the drive lock gate 10 is in its forward position at the aisle 9, the drive lock gate 14 is started from its position at the gate 15. The pigs from section 3c are driven toward the arc 11 and then into the aisle 12 in the same manner as explained above.

As soon as the drive locking door 14 has passed the exit of the fold in its movement towards the arch piece 11, the drive locking door is opened and returned to its exit position at the door 6. The locking door 8 is closed. The expulsion operation is thus completed and the control system gives a signal to the operator to do so, if necessary - to start emptying a new fold. At the same time, the end signal is fed to the operator's control panel, where it is illuminated by means of a lamp or similar. it is automatically announced that the 30 fold is now available.

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DK 164684 B

Thus, the recovery operator and the drift operator can operate independently of one another. The recovery operator can continuously feed the pigs as soon as they are delivered at the unloading ramp, while the discharge operator can independently deliver the pigs to the anesthetic trap at the rate needed at the slaughter line, taking into account breaks, operating stops and the like.

It should be noted that a flock of pigs that are expelled does not necessarily need to be kept separate from the herd flock, as described above. for example, the animals in an entire fold can be expelled by opening the locking door 8 and 10 of the intermediate layers 4 and the animals being driven out of the fold together by means of the drive lifting door 10.

Another option is to keep the animals separated in flocks corresponding to a fold section until they reach the passage 12. Here there is enough space for animals from several sections.

15 Each fold can consist of more than three sections. The procedures for the first and last paragraphs are then the same as explained above for filling and emptying sections 3a and 3c, while the procedure for each intermediate section is similar to the procedure explained above for section 3b.

20 More folds can be found than the ten shown in the drawing. If a folding capacity of, for example, 900 animals is desired, twenty folds of the size shown can be found side by side.

Recovery in the fold can - if desired - be done using an automatic system instead of manually. For this purpose, for example, 25 doors which are constructed in a manner similar to those of the drive system described above can be used.

Claims (7)

An installation for housing pigs comprising an entryway (7) and an exitway (9) as well as a number of adjacent 5 elongates (1) located adjacent to each other, each of which has an entrance gate (6) and an exit door (8) at each end and a longitudinally movable drive door (10), characterized in that in each fold there is one or more stationary intermediate doors (4) arranged at such a distance from each other, the entrance door (6) ) and the exit door 10 (8) that the fold is divided into several sections (3a.3b.3c) · System according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate doors (4) are spaced such that each section (3a, 3b, 3c) in a fold can contain 12-20 pigs. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in each fold 15 (1) there are 1-5 intermediate doors (4) such that the fold is divided into 2-6 sections (3a, 3b, 3c). Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate doors (¾) are side hung. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the intermediate doors (4) 20 are two-part. Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that each intermediate door (4) comprises two separate doors hinged to each side wall of the fold. Installation according to claims 1-6, characterized in that one or more 25 doors (4,8,10,14,16,17) are motor-driven and that one or more control centers exist for controlling such doors. An installation according to claims 1-7. characterized in that after the expulsion passage (9) and in front of the anesthetic system there is an intermediate fold (12), which fold may be defined and / or operated by controllable 30 stationary doors and / or movable controllable doors (17).