DE9006580U1 - Tent for carrying out work on and in supply shafts - Google Patents

Description

Patent Attorney:. *··*' DIPL.-PHYS. DR. WALTHER JUNIUS 3 Hanover VOLfSTRASSE I*

M + G Maschinen - und Geräte GmbH Construction and Sales KG. Bartweg 20, 3000 Hannover 91

Tent for the performance of work on ^and supply

The invention relates to a tent for carrying out work on and in supply shafts, consisting of a tent pole and a tent skin in which closable ventilation openings are arranged.

When working in supply shafts with telecommunications and power cables, gas and water pipes and sewage canals, work tents are used to separate them from traffic and to protect the fitters working in the shafts and the technical equipment located there. These usually consist of tent poles with matching temporary skins. There are also lightweight tents which are "self-supporting" and in which only a few stiffening rods are inserted into the temporary skin. However, such tents are very unstable and have corresponding disadvantages.

Particularly in the telecommunications sector, telecommunications shafts contain telecommunications cables made of lead or plastic sheathing and the copper wires inside them - and recently also fiber optic cables. Work on such telecommunications cables requires

special care. With copper cables, the numerous individual copper wires are covered with different colored sheaths so that they can be distinguished from one another. With fiber optic cables, connecting two cable ends is particularly difficult to do technically.

This work is made even more difficult when condensation water which forms on the inside of the tent skin or rain water which seeps through the tent skin drips down and disturbs the fitters in their work, particularly when the dripping water drips into the work or repair parts on the cables.

In telecommunications construction, tent skins made of dark green-gray cotton sailcloth are currently used. This material has the advantage that it is "breathable" as a cotton fabric and therefore reduces the formation of condensation inside the tent. The dark green-gray coloring of the fabric also makes it relatively resistant to dirt. There are significant disadvantages with tent skins of this type, both in terms of the cotton material and the coloring. The cotton fabric is sensitive to all weather influences and is subject to considerable weathering. The coloring hardly allows any light to penetrate, so that the interior of such tents is relatively dark and work can only be carried out with extensive artificial lighting. In addition, such cotton tents must always be hung out to dry after exposure to moisture from rain, etc., as the material otherwise becomes stiff, rots and begins to decompose.

Undyed cotton material, which is light colored and therefore translucent, is suitable for this type of tent nl:hi,

Because after a short time the tent is used, the handling during assembly and disassembly as well as sprayed and blown-on street dirt make the tent skin so dirty that it has to be subjected to constant, intensive cleaning processes, which significantly reduce the durability and rain resistance as well as the lifespan of the tent skin.

The use of plastic films, plastic tarpaulins and spunbond laminates for tent skins of this type of tent presents problems because tent skins made from these materials are not breathable and therefore the formation of condensation drops occurs to a greater extent.

Even light-colored cotton fabrics coated with plastic have proven to be problematic in tests because cotton shrinks under the influence of condensation, while the plastic layer does not change in its dimensions under the influence of water, so that the plastic coating changes shape under the influence of the shrinking cotton, and in some cases even becomes shriveled and thus becomes sensitive to dirt.

Tests have also shown that uninviting fabrics made of synthetic threads, which were also provided with a synthetic coating, with their gaps and grooves between the fabric and the coating, became brittle and stiff in winter temperatures.

The invention avoids the disadvantages of the prior art. The object of the invention is to find a material that is bright, neutral and allows a certain amount of light to pass through, even in winter temperatures, and with which the condensation problems can be solved and the tent as a whole can be designed in such a way that any condensation that forms is drained off to the side so that it does not disturb ^the fitters and the work being carried out.

The invention consists in the tent skin being made of a carrier material coated on the outside with light-colored or crystal-clear plastic containing a plasticizer, which consists of rayon threads in natural color or bleached, and which is provided on the inside with a structure of projections and depressions arranged in rows and/or a capillary structure, which uses the threads connected to form a woven or knitted fabric to form channels that drain condensate downwards.

It has been shown that a carrier material made of rayon threads has a pronounced capacity to absorb condensate without shrinking and that, because of the lack of shrinkage, the seepage paths for the condensate between the carrier material and the coating are preserved, so that the drainage of condensate works perfectly under the influence of gravity. The rayon is already made fungicidal during its production, so that infestation with black fungi and their destructive work are prevented. In winter temperatures, rayon remains even with the plastic coating if it is treated with a plasticizer.

- 5 is soft and flexible, this composite does not become brittle.

The ability to absorb condensate and the ability to transmit water is particularly good when the rayon threads are loosely spun and therefore voluminous and/or when the fabric or knit is voluminous and loose, preferably when using stable threads.

The tent skin is very easy to manufacture if the coating consists of a laminated sheet or welded plastic film.

Another advantage is the smooth outer surface of the tent skin, which prevents dirt and grime from accumulating.

Another advantage is that this composite material used as tent skin is easy to weld during manufacture and repair.

Although this material is water-repellent and one would assume that condensation would drip off more here, any condensation that forms is drained downwards in the grooves and capillaries on the inside of the tent skin without dripping off. This is because the structure creates fine paths for the condensation, in which the condensation can seep downwards following gravity and surface forces without forming drops.

Where the tent skin is interrupted, whether because ventilation and/or window openings are provided here, or because the tent skin rests against the tent poles at these points, devices are provided that drain or pass on the condensation water, so that even here no drops form.

It ^is useful if surface structures that close off ventilation and/or window openings are installed in such a way that the outside of their upper edge reaches under the inside of the support material of the tent skin at the upper fastening point. Condensation water seeping down in the capillaries and channels is thus directed to the outside of the tent skin. This water can no longer cause problems inside.

In particular, it can be useful if the edge of the tent skin that flows upwards through the ventilation and/or window openings is folded inwards, forming a channel, and if this channel is provided with water drainage openings. In this way, the condensate seeping down the inside of the tent skin is led outwards particularly safely.

It is also advisable if the lower edge of the surface structures that close off ventilation and/or window areas extends over the outside of the tent skin. This allows the condensation that forms on the inside of the surface structures, which are nets in the case of ventilation areas, while in the case of window areas they are usually flexible transparent films, to drain outwards.

In order to prevent drops from forming at the points where the tent skin rests on the eaves pipes and/or bracing pipes, it is advisable to have attachments, covers and/or gutters on the eaves pipe and/or bracing pipe of the tent poles that carry away condensate.

It may also be appropriate to use gutter pipes and/or
to form the ventilation pipes into gutters in order to drain away condensation water that forms at the attachment points of the tent skin.

In this way, a tent can be created that is drip-free on the inside. This is achieved through the interaction of a special internal structure of the tent skin with devices for draining and transporting condensation water. This is achieved with material that was previously considered particularly unsuitable because this material, which is impermeable to air, was expected to lead to increased formation of condensation water drops.

In this tent, larger viewing windows made of glass-clear foil can be incorporated into the two walls of the tent skin, which allow much better light to enter than the relatively small windows of the previous cotton tents that were technically possible. These windows can also be constructed in such a way that the glass-clear foil is attached to the two walls of the tent skin using high frequency welding, but it is also possible to use adhesive processes and/or mechanical fastening.

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ing operations such as rivets, staples or the like. A further advantage over cotton tents is that the Kiebunij makes it possible to carry out repairs to the tent skin directly on site without having to take the tent skin to a workshop for repairs.

Furthermore, tent skins are provided with ventilation openings on the sides and on the gable sides to enable better ventilation of the tents and to prevent condensation.

These ventilation openings are designed in such a way that the flaps attached above them are larger than the actual ventilation openings, so that when closed, no water or other objects can enter from the side. Furthermore, the actual ventilation openings are provided with a fine-meshed mesh so that no foreign objects or insects or other objects can enter the tent interior and any moisture or water splashes are also intercepted.

The flaps of these ventilation openings are designed in such a way that they can be partially opened using appropriate devices (e.g. Velcro fasteners) - depending on the weather conditions. Furthermore, the ventilation openings in the outer tent wall are installed in such a way that optimal air flow is guaranteed.

On the right and left side seams of the gable surfaces there are straps with hooks on the inside and eyelets on the outside, so that both gable halves can be rolled up outwards and secured in the rolled up state using these straps. In this way, the awning can be easily opened, kept open and closed with suitable widths, drying out condensation and preventing new formation.

The color of the glass is a transparent white, which allows sufficient daylight to penetrate into the interior, as well as being a completely neutral color that allows the copper wires in the cables to be distinguished and avoids any color distortion.

The attachment of red and white warning stripes around the outside of the tent skin is easily possible using high frequency welding, gluing or mechanical fastening.

The essence of the invention is explained in more detail below using exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. They show:

Fig. 1 a section through a piece of tent skin made of cellulose fabric on laminated plastic film,

Fig. 2 a top view of the fabric side of this time skin,

Fig. 3 a plan view of the knitted side of such a
tent skin,

Fig. it is a perspective view of a gable tent,

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Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the tent frame of the
gable tent,

Fig. 6 sine perspective? "-»jic*** of the steep wall tent«,

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the tent frame of the
i^ilwandzeltes,

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a ventilation opening,
Fig. 9 a section through the window,

Fig. 10 a section through a ^gutter pipe with forwarding devices,

Fig. 11 a partial view of such an eaves pipe,

Fig. 12 a view of a pipe deformed into a gutter
with tent skin on top, partly in cut.

A fabric consisting of rayon warp threads 2 and rayon weft threads 3, U forming the tent skin 15 is coated on its outside with a plastic film 5 made of soft PVC. Due to the lamination, the plastic film 5 is only connected to the outermost parts of the weft threads, whereby in addition to the hollow spaces between the warp threads and the weft threads, additional hollow spaces have been formed between the weft threads and the plastic film, which can serve to store condensation water. Since the formation of condensation water does not occur so much on the fabric as on the inner surface of the plastic film 5, the presence of these hollow spaces is

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Rooms 6 are of particular importance because the moisture content of the plastic film noticeably decreases in the fabric towards the interior of the tent.

Is oil /el skin, like KIg. 3 ^elgt, made of a plastic film

If they are made from a knitted fabric, particularly large spaces (,) are created by laying the knitting threads 7,8, whereby during production knitting threads 7 made from cotton can alternate with knitting threads 8 made from plastic.

A large number of capillaries are formed between the coating and the warp threads 1, 2 and the weft threads 3, h , which can drain condensate downwards under the influence of gravity and surface forces, but paths 32 are also formed on the side of the fabric facing away from the coating 6. These paths 32 have a wave shape. Although this tent skin is neither water-permeable nor breathable, drops of condensate fall from it, since the capillary paths and channel-shaped paths 32 drain condensate formed under the influence of gravity and surface forces. Depending on the cut, these tent skins are conveniently pulled over a frame, which is shown in Fig. 5 or 7. The gable tent of Fig. 4 and 5 has a frame with a ridge tube 9, two diagonal tubes 11 and two tubes 12 in the floor area. In the steep wall tent of Fig. 6 and 7 the frame consists of a ridge tube 9, two diagonal tubes 11 and two parallel

to the eaves pipes 10 and the fire pipe 9 arranged pipes 12 in the floor area. The eaves pipes 10, diagonal pipes 11 and pipes 12 in the floor area are supported by approximately vertically arranged posts 13, which are supported by the ridge pipe 9 and the urethra. If a tent is erected with this frame and a tent skin of the type described above, the formation of black water drops, if it occurs at all, only occurs on the eaves pipes 10 and the pipes 11 in the floor area, i.e. right on the sides of the tent, where the formation of drops hardly causes any disruption.

In a partition tent, the area of the eaves pipe 10 is a problematic area because the tent skin 15 rests on the eaves pipe 10, creating a line along which condensation can flow from the inside of the tent skin 15 onto the eaves pipe 10. For this reason, it is advisable to place the shaped pieces 18 shown in Fig. 10 and 11 onto the eaves pipe 10; these have an essentially diamond-shaped cross-section with a hole in the middle for receiving the eaves pipe 10. On these shaped pieces 18, water runs along the surface around the eaves pipe 10, specifically on the underside of the shaped pieces 18 and on the inside of the tent skin 15 where, in the area of the gaps between two shaped pieces 18, the tent skin 15 does not rest on the eaves pipe 10. Due to the diamond shape with its pointed ends, the condensation water on the underside is directed back to the inside of the tent skin 1.

Another possible design is shown in Fig. 12: Here, the eaves pipe 10 is provided with a groove 19 by deformation, which drains condensation water to the roof, which flows over to the eaves pipe 7 at the contact point 20 of the tent skin 1. The water drops 21 are drained away in the groove 9 as a water stream 22.

The tent skin 15 is provided with ventilation areas 16 and window areas 17.

In Rg. &thgr; a ventilation opening 16 is shown. This consists of a cutout 23 in which a net 24 is installed. At the upper end of the cutout 23 a flap 25 is attached by welding, gluing or another type of fastening, the dimensions of which are larger than the cutout 23. This flap 25, like the edge of the skin, has a Velcro strip 26 around the cutout, which is used to attach the flap 25. »J"i Hon iri p"*** ¹ ^ nO7eintan Of 1 enelelli »r»ji oKa*- «a* »<^K lr\ W·-·»

locking position.

Fig. 9 shows how the window 17 is installed: The upper edge 27 on the window cutout of the tent skin 15 is folded inwards and fastened to the clear glass film of the window 17 using fastening means such as rivets 28. As a result, the folded edge 27 forms a channel 29 which has holes 30 in its lower area through which condensate collecting in the channel 29 is directed to the outside of the window 17 and thus to the outside of the tent skin. The

The lower edge of the clear glass film of the window 1/ is already attached to the tent skin 15 with rivets 28, but intermediate rings 3i are provided here, which are located between the tent skin 15 and the fender 17, so that condensation water settling on the inside of the window 17 can flow freely onto the outer ring 11.

List of reference symbols:

1 Warp threads 26 Velcro strips 2 Warp threads 27 Top edge 3 Weft threads 2 B rivet 4 Weft threads 29 gutter 5 Plastic film 30 Hole 6 Space 31 Extension rings 7 S trick thread 32 Waterway 8th Knitting threads 9 Gable tube 10 Eaves pipe U Diagonal tube 12 Pipe in the floor area 13 post \u Roof pipe 15 Tent skin 16 ventilation 17 Window 18 Form piece 19 gutter 2Ü Contact point CSL drops 22 Water stream 23 Excerpt Ik Net/ Tj rag

Claims (1)

EXPECTATIONS: for carrying out work on and in supply shafts, consisting of a tent pole and a tent skin, in which »«safely closable ventilation openings are arranged, characterized in that that the tent skin (15) consists of a carrier material (3, 4) coated on the outside with light-colored or crystal-clear plastic (5) provided with a plasticizer, which is made of rayon threads in a natural color or bleached and which is provided on the inside with a structure of projections and depressions arranged in rows and/or a capillary structure, which is formed by the threads connected to form a woven or knitted fabric and which forms channels that drain condensate water downwards. 2. Tent according to claim 1,
characterized, that the rayon threads are loosely spun and therefore voluminous, and/or that the fabric or knit is voluminous and loose, preferably when using stable threads. &Iacgr;>. Tent according to claim 1,
characterized, that the coating consists of a laminated or welded plastic film (5), preferably made of PVC with plasticizer. 4. Tent according to claim 1, characterized in that devices (13, 19) for draining or forwarding condensate are provided on the tent skin (15) and/or the tent rods which interrupt the structure or on objects lying on the structure. 5. Tent after opening 1, marked with, that on all sides, closable , opposite ventilation openings (16) are provided. 6. Tent according to claim 1, characterized in that that the surface structures (17, Ik) closing ventilation and/or window openings are installed in such a way that the outer side of their upper edge reaches under the inner side of the carrier material O, U) at the upper fastening point. 7. Tent according to claim 1, characterized in that the edge of the tent skin (15) closing off the ventilation and/or window openings at the top is folded inwards, thereby forming a groove (29), and that this channel (29) is provided with water drainage openings (30). · · 8. Tent according to claim 1,
characterized, that the lower edge of the surface structures (24, 25) closing the ventilation and/or window areas extends over the outside of the tent skin (15). 9. Tent according to claim 1,
characterized, da8 condensate-conducting attachments (i8) and/or gutters (19) are formed or attached to eaves pipes (10) and/or bracing pipes (11) of the tent poles. 10. Tent according to claim 1, characterized, that gutter pipes (10) and/or bracing pipes to gutters (19) are formed. 11. Time according to claim 1, characterized, that the outside of the plastic coating (5; is smooth*» 12. Tent according to claim I, characterized, that rayon threads with fungicidal properties are used as the carrier material.