DE906813C - Thermocouple, especially for electrothermal generation of cold - Google Patents
Thermocouple, especially for electrothermal generation of coldInfo
- Publication number
- DE906813C DE906813C DES25423A DES0025423A DE906813C DE 906813 C DE906813 C DE 906813C DE S25423 A DES25423 A DE S25423A DE S0025423 A DES0025423 A DE S0025423A DE 906813 C DE906813 C DE 906813C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- thermocouple
- antimony
- weight
- percent
- thermocouple according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WWGNOEDOFJKLST-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cd].[Sb] Chemical compound [Cd].[Sb] WWGNOEDOFJKLST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- -1 platinum metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002143 antimony-cadmium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N10/00—Thermoelectric devices comprising a junction of dissimilar materials, i.e. devices exhibiting Seebeck or Peltier effects
- H10N10/80—Constructional details
- H10N10/85—Thermoelectric active materials
- H10N10/851—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions
- H10N10/853—Thermoelectric active materials comprising inorganic compositions comprising arsenic, antimony or bismuth
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
Die intermetallischen Verbindungen gewisser binärer Legierungssysteme zeigen bekanntlich extrem hohe differentielle Thermokräfte und große Werte des spezifischen elektrischen Widerstandes. Die diesbezüglichen Untersuchungen des Erfinders ließen erkennen, daß das elektrische Verhalten dieser Verbindungen dem eines Eigenhalbleiters sehr ähnlich ist. Durch Abweichungen von der Stöchiometrie oder geeignete Zusätze gelingt es, Störstellenhalbleiter herzustellen, deren elektrische Leitfähigkeit gegenüber den intermetallischen Verbindungen erheblich vergrößert ist, ohne daß die differentielle Thermokraft entsprechend stark verändert wird. Daraus resultiert eine Verbesserung der effektiven (d.h. auf normale Wiedemann-Franz-Lorenzsche Zahl bezogenen) Thermokraft des Materials.The intermetallic compounds of certain binary alloy systems are known to show extremely high differential thermal forces and large values of the specific electrical resistance. The inventor’s related investigations failed recognize that the electrical behavior of these compounds is that of an intrinsic semiconductor is very similar. By deviations from the stoichiometry or suitable additives succeeds in producing impurity semiconductors, their electrical conductivity compared to the intermetallic compounds is significantly increased without the differential thermopower is changed accordingly. This results an improvement in the effective (i.e. normal Wiedemann-Franz-Lorenz number related) thermal power of the material.
Die intermetallischen Verbindungen mit halbleiterähnlichem Verhalten, insbesondere mit Abweichungen von der stöchiometrischen Zusammensetzung oder mit geeigneten Zusätzen von übergangsmetallen (Fe, Co oder Ni) werden erfindungsgemäß zur Herstellung von Thermoelementen, insbesondere für die elektrothermische Kühlung, verwandt. So konnte vom Erfinder z. B. bei einer Cadmium-Antimon-Legierung mit einem Antimongehalt zwischen 48 und 54 Gewichtsprozent und bis zu 2 Gewichtsprozent Nickel gegen eine Wismut-Antimon-Legierung eine effektiveThermokraft von 148 pV/Grad gemessen werden. Damit kann man bei verschwindendem Kontaktwiderstand der Lötstellen eine Abkühlung um 27° C erreichen, wodurch die Methode der elektrothermischen Kälteerzeugung erstmals praktischen Anforderungen genügt.The intermetallic compounds with semiconductor-like behavior, in particular with deviations from the stoichiometric composition or with suitable additions of transition metals (Fe, Co or Ni) are made according to the invention for the production of thermocouples, especially for electrothermal cooling, related. So could the inventor z. B. in a cadmium-antimony alloy with a Antimony content between 48 and 54 percent by weight and up to 2 percent by weight nickel an effective thermal force of 148 pV / degree was measured against a bismuth-antimony alloy will. With this you can create a Cooling to reach 27 ° C, creating the method of electrothermal refrigeration for the first time practical requirements are sufficient.
Die Figur zeigt schematisch ein Thermoelement gemäß der Erfindung. Der Schenkel 1 besteht aus einer Antimon-Cadmium-Legierung, der Schenkel 2 aus einer Wismut-Antimon-Legierung. Zwischen beiden befindet sich zur Aufnahme der Kälteleistung eine metallische Scheibe von geringer absoluter Thermokraft, z. B. Kupfer.The figure shows schematically a thermocouple according to the invention. The leg 1 consists of an antimony-cadmium alloy, the leg 2 of one Bismuth-antimony alloy. Between the two is to take up the cooling capacity a metallic disc of low absolute thermopower, e.g. B. Copper.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES25423A DE906813C (en) | 1951-11-03 | 1951-11-03 | Thermocouple, especially for electrothermal generation of cold |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES25423A DE906813C (en) | 1951-11-03 | 1951-11-03 | Thermocouple, especially for electrothermal generation of cold |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE906813C true DE906813C (en) | 1954-03-18 |
Family
ID=7478344
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DES25423A Expired DE906813C (en) | 1951-11-03 | 1951-11-03 | Thermocouple, especially for electrothermal generation of cold |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE906813C (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1034669B (en) * | 1957-01-30 | 1958-07-24 | Siemens Ag | Thermoelectric cooling device |
| DE1059940B (en) * | 1956-07-31 | 1959-06-25 | Toho Dentan Kabushiki Kaisha | Bismuth tellurium thermocouple for electrothermal generation of cold |
| DE1106968B (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1961-05-18 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Tellurium and selenium or selenium and sulfur-containing lead-based alloys are suitable as legs of thermocouples |
-
1951
- 1951-11-03 DE DES25423A patent/DE906813C/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1106968B (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1961-05-18 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Tellurium and selenium or selenium and sulfur-containing lead-based alloys are suitable as legs of thermocouples |
| DE1278111B (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1968-09-19 | Minnesota Mining & Mfg | Semiconductor material made of p-conductive lead telluride, suitable as a limb for thermocouples |
| DE1059940B (en) * | 1956-07-31 | 1959-06-25 | Toho Dentan Kabushiki Kaisha | Bismuth tellurium thermocouple for electrothermal generation of cold |
| DE1034669B (en) * | 1957-01-30 | 1958-07-24 | Siemens Ag | Thermoelectric cooling device |
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