DE8718002U1 - Retaining and supporting anchor to be mortared into a borehole of a fixing base - Google Patents

Description

Mortar to be installed in a borehole of a fixing base Holding and supporting anchors

The invention relates to a retaining and supporting anchor according to the preamble of the claim to be mortared into a borehole of a fixing base such as concrete, masonry, etc.

Such anchors are used, for example, to attach cladding panels to facades. For this purpose, holes are drilled into the facade - the mounting base - into which the anchors are mortared with a fastening section. The cladding panels - natural stone panels, plastic panels or similar - are hung on the supporting section protruding from the mounting base.

A known anchor of this type has a longitudinal section made of an S-profile, which ensures high-web safe load absorption. The load-bearing cross-section, i.e. the direction of the effective load in projection

The longitudinal section's bearing surface, which transfers the load to the base material via the cement mortar, is relatively narrow. An anchor with a bearing section that is horizontal to the high web of the S-profile is only suitable for use in horizontal joints of the panels to be held, since if this anchor is rotated by 90°, the bearing section is suitable for engaging in a vertical joint, but the S-profile is no longer subjected to high web loads because the high web is horizontal; however, the horizontal high web is significantly less load-bearing. It is therefore necessary to have different anchors available for horizontal joints and vertical joints, which considerably increases manufacturing costs and storage.

The invention is based on the object of specifying a holding and supporting anchor which can be used without restriction for both vertical and horizontal panel joints, can be manufactured easily and cheaply as a mass-produced item and can be easily adapted to each individual installation case without technical effort.

This problem is solved according to the characterizing part of claim 1.

The preferably closed pipe profile with its longitudinal unevenness of its surface, whether caused by deformations or by projections such as knobs, warts etc. applied to the pipe surface by welding, can be easily manufactured from pipe profile-like pipe material. The anchor according to the invention has a large section modulus regardless of the installation position and therefore a high load-bearing capacity. Its length can easily be adapted to different borehole depths by simply cutting it to length. With a symmetrical arrangement of the unevenness (deformations and/or projections) or with an arrangement

If an anchor according to the invention is used that is dimensioned to correspond to a known S-profile, the anchor according to the invention can withstand higher wind forces (suction and pressure forces as well as bending loads), so that greater safety reserves can be achieved with the same borehole dimensions.

In a further development of the invention, the deformations are arranged in approximately diametrically opposite circumferential sections of the tube profile, wherein the deformations are preferably symmetrical to a bisector of the angle enclosed by the planes.

The deformations themselves are preferably depressions and/or elevations in the pipe profile wall, such as dents, serrations, waves, knobs or warts. The deformations are advantageously arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal section; it may also be appropriate to arrange them next to one another.

In a preferred embodiment, the support anchor is formed from a one-piece tubular profile, one end of which is pressed in such a way that a support section is formed which adjoins the longitudinal section with a conical transition and which lies in one of the planes - preferably the horizontal plane. Hollow ribs are preferably formed in the support section during its molding process, which run in the longitudinal direction of the support anchor and increase the section modulus of the support section against buckling. The conical transition preferably runs below the support section on the side facing away from an upper seating surface up to the front edge of the support section, whereby a significant reinforcement of the support section against buckling is achieved. The conical transition section also has reinforcing ribs for stiffening.

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the unevenness such that it lies outside the area of the support plane (Y-Y) and the horizontal plane (X-X), the support anchor has full load-bearing capacity in any installation position rotated by 90°. This is especially true if the Y-Y axis plane and the X-X axis plane are kept free of deformation, since the profile diameter of the pipe profile is not affected in this preferred design.

The support plane is therefore always located at a point with the largest profile diameter, which results in a high section modulus. One and the same support anchor according to the invention can therefore be used for vertical and horizontal joints, whereby the installation position in the horizontal and vertical joints can also be rotated by 180°. The longitudinal section can also be shortened on site to any installation length.

The saddle surface of the longitudinal section of the anchor, which introduces the load into the mounting base, corresponds to the projection of the pipe cross-section seen in the direction of the acting weight force. Since in the preferred design the pipe profile is undeformed in the Y-Y and X-X axis plane, the saddle surface - regardless of the installation position of the anchor - always has a width corresponding to the maximum profile diameter of the pipe. Both the section modulus of the preferably closed pipe profile and its saddle surface are larger in comparison to the known S-profile, so that for the same loads the support anchor according to the invention can be designed to be simpler, smaller and thus use less material. A retaining and support anchor with smaller dimensions also requires smaller drill holes in the mounting base, so that their fastening on site can be carried out easily and with lighter tools and with a smaller amount of cement mortar.

Further features of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawings, which show embodiments of the invention and which are described in more detail below. They show

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the holding and support anchor according to the invention in a first embodiment,

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the anchor,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the anchor with an open tube profile,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of another

Fig. 6 Fig. 7 Fig. 8th Fig. 9

Embodiment of the anchor with a screw mount,

Fig. 5 a perspective view of an embodiment with a support section bent towards the pipe axis,

a section along the line A-A in Fig. 1, a section along the line B-B in Fig. 2, a section along the line C-C in Fig. 3, a front view of the supporting section of an anchor according to Fig. 3 located in a horizontal plate joint,

Fig. 10 is a front view of the supporting section of an anchor according to Fig. 2 located in a vertical joint between the panels,

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a

Anchor mortared into the fastening base as per Fig. 1 with a supporting section lying in a vertical joint of the panels,

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a

Anchor mortared into the fixing base as per Fig. 1 with a supporting section lying in a horizontal joint of the panels,

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of an anchor according to Fig. 4 with a fastening screw penetrating the plate to be held,

Fig. 1 4 a side view of another embodiment of an anchor with a seating surface of the support section inclined to the horizontal plane and a compensating wedge located between the seating surface and the plate,

Fig. 1 5 a top view of the compensating wedge according to Fig. 1 \

Fig. )'6 a top view of the seating surface of the anchor according to Fig. 14,

Fig. 1 7 a side view of another embodiment of the anchor according to the invention with a support section end forming the retaining mandrel and angled at right angles,

Fig. 18 an embodiment similar to Fig. 17 of the anchor with a bent, obliquely upward, mandrel-forming support section end,

Fig. 19 a side view of a holding and supporting anchor with a supporting section made of an angle iron fixed to its front end section.

The illustrated holding and supporting anchors, hereinafter referred to as anchors, essentially consist of a front supporting section 2 with a holder 3 and a longitudinal section 4 to be mortared into a borehole 31 of a fastening base 30 (Fig. 12). The longitudinal section 4 and the supporting section 2 of the anchor 1 are connected to one another by a conical transition section 5.

The anchor 1 according to the invention is made of a closed tube profile, preferably a steel tube profile, which can have any cross-section. Preferably, a polygonal, oval, in particular circular cross-section tube profile is used. The exemplary embodiments shown assume a circular cross-section of the tube profile.

Such a cut-to-length pipe profile is compressed radially at one end in such a way that the circumferential sections of the pipe profile lying opposite one another in the vertical plane (Y-Y plane) lie close to one another and form the support section 2. Due to the tightly compressed

Support section 2 (Fig. 1) no water can penetrate into the anchor at this end of the pipe profile.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 1, the support section 2 has an upper seating surface 6 for the plate P to be held (Fig. 12), with a retaining mandrel 7 being attached vertically in the support section 2. The support section lies in the X-X axis plane (Fig. 6) of the tubular profile and has a width measured transversely to the longitudinal center axis of the anchor 1, which is larger than the diameter of the tubular profile or the longitudinal section 4. The conical transition section 5 between the longitudinal section 4 and the support section 2 ensures a smooth, high-load transition; the transition section tapers conically in the Y axis of the tubular profile from the diameter of the longitudinal section to the thickness of the support section 2, while it widens conically in the X axis from the diameter of the longitudinal section 4 to the larger width of the support section 2. Such a design ensures high stability against tensile, compressive and bending forces.

Preferably, the support section 2 (Fig. 1) has only one upper seating surface 6, while on the other broad side of the support section 2 the transition section 5 tapers conically to the front edge 21 of the support section 2, whereby the support section 2 is reinforced against bending. In order to increase the rigidity, the conical transition section 5 can be provided with reinforcing ribs 5*. The design according to the invention also ensures that smaller cross-sections can be used in the anchors than in known anchors, which not only saves material, but also simplifies production, for example because the holes in the anchor can be made in a simple manner by punching rather than by drilling, which is more expensive.

The pipe profile of the longitudinal section 4 has unevennesses, such as deformations 10 and/or elevations in the form of projections, such as warts, knobs, plates, etc., arranged one after the other along its length. In the exemplary embodiment, depressions, namely dents, are provided as deformations 10. The unevennesses, i.e. the deformations and/or raised projections, are advantageously arranged symmetrically to the horizontal plane X-X and/or to the vertical plane Y-Y of the pipe profile.

As shown in section A-A (Fig. 6), the unevenness, namely the deformations 10 in the form of dents, lie outside the axis planes Y-Y or X-X. In relation to the anchor shown in Fig. 1 and the installation position shown in Fig. 12, Y-Y designates the vertical support plane, while X-X indicates the horizontal plane at right angles to it. Both planes intersect exactly on the longitudinal center axis of the anchor or pipe profile. The support section lies in the horizontal plane on which the retaining mandrel 7 is perpendicular.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the deformations - see Fig. 6 - are provided outside the axis planes Y-Y and X-X; they are arranged at approximately two o'clock and seven o'clock in Fig. 6. In this preferred embodiment, the deformations are designed as dents in approximately diametrically opposed wall sections of the tubular profile. Each deformation or dent 10 is symmetrical to an angle bisector 11 of the right angle enclosed between the planes Y-Y and X-X.

In addition to the deformations formed as dents 10, elevations and/or depressions are generally suitable as deformations. For example, serrations, corrugations, knobs or warts, and plates are useful formations. Both

Deformations that change the profile cross-section, such as deformations made in or on the profile walls (without changing the profile cross-section), are advantageous.

The open free end 9 of the longitudinal section 4 is - see Fig. 1 - advantageously tapered by deformation so that the anchor 1 can be easily driven into a borehole 31 filled with cement mortar or concrete (see Fig. 12), whereby the cement mortar or concrete is pressed from the tapered end 9 to the borehole wall. The conical taper of the end 9 ensures that it is very strong.

The tapered end 9 can advantageously be formed by a tapered cap 8 pushed onto or into the end 9 of the longitudinal section 4. The cap 8 or the tapered end is advantageously designed to be tapered to a point (Fig. 2), conical or tapered (Fig. 1). Other designs that ensure displacement of the cement mortar or concrete are also expedient.

The anchor according to the invention according to Fig. 1 is driven into a borehole 31 of a fastening base 30 filled with cement mortar or concrete (Fig. 12), whereby the tapered end 9 displaces the cement mortar towards the borehole wall and ensures a gapless filling of the gap between the anchor and the borehole wall.

In the installation position according to Fig. 12, the anchor 1 is arranged so that the support section 2 engages in a horizontal joint 32 between two plates Pl and P2 to be held and the support side 34 of the plate P 1 rests on the facing seating surface 6 of the support section 2. The seating surface 6 is designed to be as deep as possible in the longitudinal direction of the anchor 1 so that its inner edge K2 lies close to the fastening base 30. In this way, the inner edge Kl of the plate Pl to be held can be close to the fastening

ment base, whereby the effective lever arm of the anchor section protruding from the fastening base 30 and thus the bending load can be kept as small as possible. In this way, the pipe profile can be dimensioned accordingly smaller, which results in material savings. It is therefore advantageous to minimize the distance a between the edges Kl and K2.

The plate Pl supported on the seating surface 6 is held in position by the vertical retaining pin 7, which engages in a drill hole filled with mortar in the supporting side 34 of the plate Pl. On the side of the supporting section 2 opposite the seating surface, the retaining pin 7 engages in the holding side 35 of the plate P2 below. For this purpose, a drill hole is provided in the holding side 35, into which a plastic bushing is inserted using cement mortar. The retaining pin 7 engages axially with play in the plastic bushing 36, so that the plate P2, which lies a short distance from the supporting section 2, can carry out vertical compensating movements due to temperature expansion.

The inventive design of the anchor 1 with the deformations 10 provided in the pipe profile ensures that the mortared anchor 1 sits securely in the borehole. The anchor can absorb high tensile and compressive forces, since the mortar or concrete grips into the recesses 10 and creates a positive connection. The plate load acting in the Y-Y support plane is introduced into the fastening base 30 via a large saddle surface - the projected pipe profile surface -, whereby a high moment of resistance against buckling loads is provided due to the undeformed pipe profile in the support plane.

Due to the arrangement of the deformations 10 outside the areas of the axis planes Y-Y or X-X, the same anchor

can also be used - as shown in Fig. 11 - to hold plates P3, P4 in vertical joints 33. The horizontal plane X-X shown in Fig. 12 now forms the vertical support plane, while the support plane Y-Y shown in Fig. 12 now forms a horizontal plane. Due to the design according to the invention, the saddle surface of the anchor - which introduces the load-bearing load into the fastening base - is again the projected pipe profile surface, which has the same size as with the anchor installed at 90° according to Fig. 12. Since the support plane in Fig. 11 is also the undeformed pipe cross-section, the load-bearing load of the anchor is just as great as with an installation rotated by 90° according to Fig. 12.

In Fig. 11, the support section 2 engages with lateral play in the vertical joint 33, whereby the retaining pin 7 lies on both sides of the support section 2 with axial play in holes in the plates P3, P4.

The embodiment according to Fig. 2 differs from that according to Fig. 1 in a modified design of the support section and a longitudinal section 4 closed by a pointed conical cap 8.

The deformation of the front tubular profile to form the support section is provided in such a way that hollow ribs 3 are formed on both sides of the longitudinal central axis of the support anchor, between which the walls of the tubular profile lie against one another. The hollow ribs are - as shown in Fig. 7 - arranged symmetrically to the Y-Y axis plane and also formed symmetrically to the X-X axis plane. They serve to stiffen the support section against bending and advantageously continue in the conical transition section 5. In the position shown in Fig. 7, the plate does not rest flatly as in the embodiments of Figs. 1, 3 and 5 as well as 9 and 12, but in a wavy line on the parallel

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lying seating lines 6', 6'.

An installation position of the anchor 1 according to Fig. 2 is shown in Fig. 10. The support section 2 lies in a vertical joint 33 with play between two plates P, with each plate edge being at a small horizontal distance from the support section 2 or its stiffening ribs 3. The retaining mandrel 7 again engages laterally in corresponding holes in the plates P, with axial play being provided to compensate for temperature expansions.

In the embodiment of the anchor according to Fig. 3, the free end 9 of the longitudinal section 4 is kept open. The support section 2 is in turn formed with stiffening ribs 3 arranged symmetrically to the Y-Y axis plane. A flat seating surface 6 is formed on one side of the support section 2, for which purpose the hollow ribs are formed exclusively on the side of the support section 2 facing away from the seating surface.

In Fig. 9, the anchor according to Fig. 3 is shown in an installation position for a horizontal joint. The upper plate Pl rests with its supporting side on the seating surface 6 and is secured in its position by a mandrel 7 protruding into the supporting side. The lower plate P2 rests with its holding side at a distance from the supporting section 2, with the mandrel 7 engaging with axial play in a hole in the holding side.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 4 - which corresponds to that according to Fig. 1 except for the support section - the free end section 13 of the support section 2 is angled to form a fastening flange 12 in which a fastening screw can be fixed. The fastening flange 12 rests - as shown in Fig. 13 - with a vertical contact surface 22 on the back of the plate P to be held. The fastening

The fastening screw 14 extends through the plate P and is screwed into the fastening flange 12 until the plate is clamped between the vertical contact surface 22 and the head of the fastening screw.

The anchor according to the embodiment in Fig. 5 has a bent support section 2, which is parallel and offset to the X-X axis plane. The displacement of the support section 2 is ensured by a correspondingly bent design of the conical transition section S. On the one hand, such an anchor 1 can be subsequently inserted into the fastening base above an already installed plate, since the drill hole to be inserted is above the already installed plate. The anchor can also be used for the lower end of a building cladding, since the drill hole or the anchor itself is completely covered by the plate to be installed.

The anchor in the embodiment according to Figs. 14 to 16 has a support section 2 which is designed symmetrically to the X-X axis plane and to the Y-Y axis plane. Seating surfaces 6 are formed on both sides of the support section 2, which slope down to the front edge 21 of the support section 2; the seating surfaces 6 form an acute angle with the horizontal plane X-X. Between a seating surface 6 and the seated plate P there is arranged a compensating wedge 15, preferably a plastic wedge, the wedge angle of which corresponds to the angle of inclination of the seating surface 6 to the X-X axis plane. The surfaces of the compensating wedge 15 and the support section 2 facing each other are roughened, preferably toothed, to increase the coefficient of friction. The compensating wedge can be moved in the longitudinal direction of the anchor after the plate P has been placed in place, so that the exact height of the plate P sitting on it can be set. The plate P sitting on it is in turn secured in its position by a retaining pin 7, whereby the compensating wedge 15 has a central slot 23 open towards the tip of the wedge, in which the retaining pin 7 lies.

In the embodiment according to Fig. I7, the free end

section 13 of the support section 2 is bent at a right angle and forms a preferably flat holding mandrel which - as in the embodiment according to Fig. 12 - engages in a receptacle in the support side of a plate P to be held.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 18, the support section is bent downwards at a right angle directly at the conical transition section 5, while the free end section 13 of the support section 2 is bent upwards again - at an angle of approximately 45°. This design is suitable for engaging in a receptacle 24 provided in the back of a plate P, which runs diagonally inwards and upwards, whereby the entire anchoring of the plate P is completely covered by this.

The holding and supporting anchor in the embodiment according to Fig. 19 has a supporting section in the form of an angle iron 16 attached to the tubular profile. One leg end 17 is fixed to the end of the longitudinal section protruding from the fastening base, while the other leg end 18 carries a vertical holding mandrel 7 which engages in a receptacle in the supporting side of the plate P to be held.

Claims (28)

Patent Attorney DIpWng. W. Jackisch & Partner Menzelstr^O.TOooStuttgarti ,^ Unistrut Europe PLC Edison Road Elms Industrial Estate Bedford MK41 OHU .- «. England , J U. Matt 1992 Claims 1. A retaining and supporting anchor (1) to be mortared into a borehole in a fixing base such as concrete, masonry, etc., with a supporting section (2) protruding from the fixing base (30) for holding at least one plate (P) or the like to be fixed and with a longitudinal section (4) protruding at least partially into the borehole (31), the cross-section of which has a profile extending in a vertical plane (Y-Y), the supporting plane, and in a horizontal plane (X-X, the horizontal plane), characterized in that the profile of the longitudinal section (4) is a tubular profile, the outer surface of which has unevennesses such as deformations (10) and/or projections lying one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal section (4). 2. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the unevennesses (deformations (10) and/or projections) are symmetrical to the horizontal plane (XX) and/or to the vertical plane (YY) of the
pipe profiles are arranged. 3. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 1, characterized in that the unevennesses are arranged outside the area of the support plane (Y-Y) and the horizontal plane (X-X). 4. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tubular profile is self-contained. 5. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the tubular profile has a circular cross-section (Fig. 6). 6. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the deformations (10)
and/or projections are arranged on approximately diametrically opposite circumferential sections of the tube profile (Fig. 6). 7. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the deformations (10) and/or projections are symmetrical to an angle bisector
(11) of the area enclosed by the planes (YY; XX)
angle (Fig. 6). 8. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the deformations (10)
and/or approaches are deformations that change the cross-section of the pipe profile. 9. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the deformations (10) are formed by depressions (10) provided in the wall of the tubular profile, such as dents, serrations, indentations or the like and/or the projections are formed as elevations such as knobs, warts or the like. 10. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the end (9) of the longitudinal section (4) facing the fastening base is designed as a displacement part for the cement mortar or concrete located in the borehole. 11. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the free end (9) of the longitudinal section (4) facing the fastening base (30) is tapered. 12. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 11, characterized in that the tapered end is formed by deformation of the free end (9) of the tubular longitudinal section (4). 13. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the tapered end (9) is formed by a tapered cap (8) placed on the longitudinal section (4). 14. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the anchor is formed from a one-piece tubular profile and the supporting section (2) is formed from wall sections of the tubular profile pressed together in the direction of the support plane (Y-Y). 15. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that a conical transition section (5) is provided between the longitudinal section (4) and the supporting section (2). 16. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 15, characterized in that the conical transition section (5) is provided with reinforcing ribs (5 ¹ ). 17. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that ribs (3) are formed in the supporting section (2) which run in the longitudinal direction of the anchor (1) and are symmetrical to the supporting plane (Y-Y) (Fig. 2, 3). 18. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 17, characterized in that the ribs (3) are formed symmetrically to the horizontal plane (X-X) (Fig. 7). 19. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the supporting section (2) has at least one seating surface (6) for the plate (P) to be held, which is perpendicular to the supporting plane (Y-Y) (Fig. 1 to 3, 5). 20. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 19, characterized in that on the seating surface (6) facing away from the support section (2), the conical transition section (5) runs up to the front plate of the support section (2). 21. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the supporting section (2) lies in the horizontal plane (X-X) and is designed symmetrically thereto. 22. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the supporting section (2) is arranged offset from the horizontal cross-sectional plane (X-X) of the tubular profile (Fig. 4, 5, 18, 19, 20) 23. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 22, characterized in that the free end section (13) of the support section (2) is removed at a right angle and is penetrated by a fastening screw (14) of the plate (P) (Fig. 13). 24. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the seating surface (6) slopes down in the longitudinal direction of the anchor (1) to the front edge (21) of the supporting section (2) and cooperates with a compensating wedge (15) with a corresponding wedge angle that is to be inserted between the plate (P) to be held and the supporting section (2) (Fig. 15). 25. Holding and supporting anchor according to claim 24, characterized in that the seating surface (6) and the side of the wedge (15) facing the seating surface are machined to increase the coefficient of friction, preferably toothed. 26. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the free end section (13) of the supporting section (2) is angled and engages in the plate (P) to be held (Fig. 18, 19). 27. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that a holding mandrel (7) for the plate (P) is fastened vertically in the supporting section (2). 28. Holding and supporting anchor according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the supporting section (2) is formed by an angle iron (16), one leg end (17) of which is fastened to the longitudinal section (4) and the other leg end (18) of which carries the holding mandrel (7).