DE846285C - Glass - Google Patents
GlassInfo
- Publication number
- DE846285C DE846285C DEB10001A DEB0010001A DE846285C DE 846285 C DE846285 C DE 846285C DE B10001 A DEB10001 A DE B10001A DE B0010001 A DEB0010001 A DE B0010001A DE 846285 C DE846285 C DE 846285C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- caf
- bao
- amount
- zno
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Inorganic materials [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Pb+2] HTUMBQDCCIXGCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004031 devitrification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dipotassium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+].[K+] FZFYOUJTOSBFPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/076—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight
- C03C3/11—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen
- C03C3/112—Glass compositions containing silica with 40% to 90% silica, by weight containing halogen or nitrogen containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
- C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Description
(WiGBl. S. 175)(WiGBl. P. 175)
AUSGEGEBEN AM 11. AUGUST 1952ISSUED AUGUST 11, 1952
B ioooι VIb 132 bB ioooι VIb 132 b
GlasGlass
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Glas, daß sich unmittelbar mit Eisen oder'mit einem Metall verbinden läßt, dessen thermische Ausdehnung der des Eisens ähnlich ist. In der älteren britischen Patentschrift 536 362 ist eine Anzahl von Gläsern beschrieben, die geeignet sind, eine vakuumdichte Verbindung unmittelbar mit Eisen oder einem Metall zu bilden, das eine ähnliche thermische Ausdehnung wie Eisen besitzt. Ein geeignetes Glas, das in der genannten Literaturstelle beschrieben ist, besteht z. H. aus Kieselsäure (SiO2) 45%, Kaliumoxyd (K2O) 14%, Xatriumoxyd (Na2O) 6%, Bleioxyd "(Pb O) 30V0, Calciumfluorid (CaF2) 5%. Der PbO-Gehalt läßt sich teilweise durch Bariumoxyd (BaO) ersetzen.The invention relates to a glass that can be connected directly to iron or to a metal, the thermal expansion of which is similar to that of iron. In the earlier British patent specification 536 362 a number of glasses are described which are suitable for forming a vacuum-tight joint directly with iron or a metal which has a thermal expansion similar to that of iron. A suitable glass, which is described in the cited reference, consists, for. H. from silica (SiO 2 ) 45%, potassium oxide (K 2 O) 14%, sodium oxide (Na 2 O) 6%, lead oxide (Pb O) 30V0, calcium fluoride (CaF 2 ) 5%. The PbO content leaves partially replaced by barium oxide (BaO).
Die Nachteile eines derart zusammengesetzten Glases bestehen darin, daß infolge seines hohen Gehaltes an Blei- und Alkalioxyden die bei der Weiterverarbeitung auf Glashohlkörper zulässige Temperatur verhältnismäßig niedrig (bei etwa 3500 C) liegt, während das Ausmaß der Entglasung größer ist, als es in manchen Fällen zulässig ist.The disadvantages of such a composite glass are that due to its high content of lead and Alkalioxyden the permitted in the further processing on the hollow glass body temperature is relatively low (at about 350 0 C), while the amount of devitrification is greater than some in Cases is permitted.
Die vorliegende Erfindung bezweckt insbesondere die Schaffung eines Glases, das · die Fähigkeit besitzt, sich vakuumdicht mit Eisen oder einem anderen Metall zu verbinden, indem es eine ähnliche thermische Ausdehnung wie Eisen besitzt. Dabei zeigt die erfindungsgemäß ausgebildete Glaszusammensetzung nicht die vorstehend erwähnten Nachteile.The present invention particularly aims to provide a glass that has the ability possesses to combine in a vacuum-tight manner with iron or another metal by making a similar has thermal expansion like iron. The glass composition designed according to the invention shows does not have the disadvantages mentioned above.
Erfindungsgemäß wird der ganze Bleioxydgehalt eines Glases der vorerwähnten Zusammensetzung oder ein Teil dieses Gehaltes durch Zinkoxyd ersetzt. Glaszusammensetzungen gemäß der Erfindung S fallen in den nachfolgenden Bereich: Na2O + K8O 19 bis 21 %, CaF2 + PhO + BaO + ZnO 32 bis 37%. Der Rest ist Kieselsäure, ohne Berücksichtigung kleiner Mengen von Verunreinigungen, die zufällig mit den Rohmaterialien usw. z. B. während der Herstellung zugegeben werden, vorausgesetzt, daß die folgenden Grenzen ebenfalls eingehalten werden: CaF2 ο bis 6%, BaO 13 bis 25%, PbO ο bis 5%, ZnO 5 bis 17%.According to the invention, the whole lead oxide content of a glass of the above-mentioned composition or a part of this content is replaced by zinc oxide. Glass compositions according to the invention S fall in the following range: Na 2 O + K 8 O 19 to 21%, CaF 2 + PhO + BaO + ZnO 32 to 37%. The rest is silica, regardless of small amounts of impurities accidentally mixed with the raw materials, etc. e.g. B. be added during production, provided that the following limits are also observed: CaF 2 o to 6%, BaO 13 to 25%, PbO o to 5%, ZnO 5 to 17%.
Das Ergebnis der vorgeschlagenen Änderungen besteht darin, daß bei ihrer späteren Verwendung unter Vakuum arbeitende Vorrichtungen, z. B. Vakuumröhren, Glühlampen u. dgl., bei deren Herstellung ein solches Glas verwandt wird, auf Temperaturen bis zu etwa 600 ° C erwärmt werden können, während das Ausmaß, in welchem Ent-. glasung stattfindet, wesentlich herabgesetzt wird. Diese erhöhte Temperatur wirkt auch insofern günstig, als sie die Möglichkeit bietet, die erforderliche Zeit für das Erwärmen der genannten Vorrichtung zu verringern, wodurch auch die Gefahr der Entglasung verringert wird. Die Herabsetzung des Ausmaßes, in welchem die Entglasung stattfindet, ermöglicht somit, das Glas in Kolben- und Röhrenforni zu bringen und es mit größerer Leichtigkeit in der Flamme zu verarbeiten. Vorzugsweise werden die Gläser der folgenden Zusammensetzung vorgeschlagen:The result of the proposed changes is that when they are used later devices operating under vacuum, e.g. B. vacuum tubes, incandescent lamps and the like., In their manufacture Such a glass is used, can be heated to temperatures of up to about 600 ° C can, while the extent to which ent-. Glazing takes place, is significantly reduced. This elevated temperature is also beneficial in that it offers the possibility of the required Reduce the time for heating the said device, which also reduces the risk the devitrification is reduced. Decreasing the extent to which devitrification takes place thus enables the glass to be brought into flask and tube shapes and with greater ease to process in the flame. Preferably the glasses are of the following composition suggested:
SiO2 K2O Na2O ZnC) HaO CaF2
a) 45 14 6 τι 19 5SiO 2 K 2 O Na 2 O ZnC) HaO CaF 2
a) 45 14 6 τι 19 5
1>) 45 14 6 15 15 51>) 45 14 6 15 15 5
Der thermische Ausdehnungskoeffizient des als Beispiel gegebenen Glases ist 122,1 X 10-7.The thermal expansion coefficient of the glass is given as an example 122.1 X 10. 7
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB820743A GB582180A (en) | 1943-05-24 | 1943-05-24 | Improvements relating to glass |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE846285C true DE846285C (en) | 1952-08-11 |
Family
ID=9847930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB10001A Expired DE846285C (en) | 1943-05-24 | 1950-09-21 | Glass |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE846285C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB582180A (en) |
-
1943
- 1943-05-24 GB GB820743A patent/GB582180A/en not_active Expired
-
1950
- 1950-09-21 DE DEB10001A patent/DE846285C/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB582180A (en) | 1946-11-07 |
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