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DE836346C - Process for the production of substituted acroleins - Google Patents

Process for the production of substituted acroleins

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Publication number
DE836346C
DE836346C DER1781A DER0001781A DE836346C DE 836346 C DE836346 C DE 836346C DE R1781 A DER1781 A DE R1781A DE R0001781 A DER0001781 A DE R0001781A DE 836346 C DE836346 C DE 836346C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
aldehyde
alkaline
substituted acroleins
aqueous
propionaldehyde
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DER1781A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE1621873U (en
Inventor
Dr Heinz Noeske
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruhrchemie AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrchemie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrchemie AG filed Critical Ruhrchemie AG
Priority to DER1781A priority Critical patent/DE836346C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE836346C publication Critical patent/DE836346C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C45/00Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
    • C07C45/61Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
    • C07C45/67Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C45/68Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
    • C07C45/72Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
    • C07C45/74Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups combined with dehydration

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur Gewinnung von substituierten Acroleinen Substituierte -\croleine kann man aus Aldehyden durch -\Idcllkondensationund anschließende Wasser- abspaltung herstcllen. plan verfährt dabei so, daß man in einem Rührgefäß zu dem Aldehyd unter Kühlung to%ige :1lkalilauge langsam zugibt. Da es sich um ein diskontititlierliches Verfahren han- delt, bleiben die Reaktionsprodukte längere Zeit mit der Lauge i11 Berührung, so daß die :Möglichkeit eillc-r weiteren Kondensation gegeben ist. Es wurde beobachtet, daß sich bis zu 5o% höher kon- densierte Produkte, sogenannte Dicköle, bilden. Diesen Nachteil hat <las eriitidungsgemäße Ver- fahren nicht. Es hat aulierdem den Vorzug, daß es kontinuierlich durchgeführt wird. Erfindungsgemäß lüL.it man den Aldehyd zusammen mit Wasserdampf durch wässerige alkalische Lösungen durchtreten, kondensiert und arbeitet das abdestillierende Ge- lniScll aus Wasser, urumgesetzten Aldehyd und \l'1'11lt'lll auf. Es wird so erreicht, daß nie eine große Menge -1ldehvd in der Reaktionszone vorhanden ist und daß das gebildete Acrolein sofort der Einwirkung der alkalischen Lösung entzogen wird. Die Bildung von höher kondensierten sogenannten Dickölen ist hierbei gering, so daß der umgesetzte Aldehyd 85 bis 95% an substituiertem Acrolein ergibt. Als alkalische Lösung verwendet man zweckmäßig verdünnte Alkalilauge. Man kann aber auch andere alkalische Reagenzien, wie z. B. Triät'hanolamin oder NTatriumsulfit, verwenden. Die Reaktionstemperatur soll etwas über ioo° liegen. Die Menge Dampf, die man zum Abtreiben der Reaktionsprodukte zusetzt, ist im allgemeinen so groß, diaß das AnfallN-eT'liältnls von wässeriger zu öliger Phase im Destillat sich wie 2 : 1 verhält.Process for the production of substituted acroleins Substituted - \ croleine can be obtained from aldehydes by - \ Idcllkondensation and subsequent water create separation. plan proceeds in such a way that add to the aldehyde in a stirred vessel Cooling to% ige: Add 1l potassium hydroxide solution slowly. There it is a discounted procedure delt, the reaction products stay with them for a long time the lye i11 touch so that the: possibility eillc-r further condensation is given. It it was observed that up to 5o% higher con Form condensed products, so-called thick oils. This disadvantage has do not drive. It also has the advantage that it is carried out continuously. According to the invention lüL.it the aldehyde together with water vapor pass through aqueous alkaline solutions, condenses and works the distilling device lniScll from water, unreacted aldehyde and \ l'1'11lt'lll on. It is achieved in such a way that a large amount of -1ldehvd is never present in the reaction zone and that the acrolein formed is immediately withdrawn from the action of the alkaline solution. The formation of more highly condensed so-called thick oils is low, so that the converted aldehyde yields 85 to 95% of substituted acrolein. Dilute alkaline lye is expediently used as the alkaline solution. But you can also use other alkaline reagents, such as. B. Triät'hanolamin or Natriumsulfit use. The reaction temperature should be slightly above 100 °. The amount of steam that is added to drive off the reaction products is generally so great that the amount of N-ET'li accumulated from the aqueous to the oily phase in the distillate is 2: 1.

Das Verfahren wird beispielsweise in einem senkrechten Rohr ausgeführt, das mit Füllkörpern gefüllt sein kann und bis zur Hälfte oder '/a seiner Höhe mit einer wässerigen, schwach alkalischen Flüssigkeit, beispielsweise mit wässeriger 5%iger Natronlaugelösung, gefüllt ist. Das Rohr ist von einem Heizmantel umgeben und kann auf eine Temperatur von Zoo bis 12o° gehalten werden. Am Boden des Rohres wird verdampfter Aldehyd und an der gleichen Stelle Wasserdampf eingeleitet. Aus dem oberen leeren Raum dies Rohres destilliert das Gemisch aus nicht umgesetztem Aldehyd, substituiertem Acrolein und Wasserdampf ab, wird in einem nachgeschalteten Kühlerkondensiert und dann aufgearbeitet. Zur Auffrischung der wässerigen alkalischen Lösung kann von oben eine kleine Menge frische alkalische Lösung in das Reaktionsrohr eingegeben «erden und dafür ein aliquoter Teil am Boden des Rohres abgezogen werden.The procedure is carried out, for example, in a vertical pipe, which can be filled with packing and up to half or '/ a of its height with an aqueous, weakly alkaline liquid, for example with aqueous 5% sodium hydroxide solution, is filled. The tube is surrounded by a heating jacket and can be kept at a temperature from zoo to 12o °. At the bottom of the pipe evaporated aldehyde and steam are introduced at the same point. the end The mixture of unreacted distills in the upper empty space of this tube Aldehyde, substituted acrolein and water vapor are added in a downstream Condensed cooler and then worked up. To refresh the aqueous alkaline Solution, a small amount of fresh alkaline solution can be poured into the reaction tube from above entered «and deduct an aliquot from the bottom of the tube.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren gibt gute Umsätze bei der Umwandlung von Aldehyden, wie Acetaldehyd, Propionaldehyd, Butyraldehyd, d. h. bei Aldehyden, die eine merkliche Wasserlöslichkeit besitzen, während bei Aldehyden mit höherer C-Zahl die Ausbeuten nicht mehr so befriedigend sind. Beispiel 1 In einem i in hohen, senkrechten Glasrohr von 4o mm lichter Weite, das bis zur Hälfte mit 5%iger wässeriger Natronlaugelösung gefüllt ist, werden von unten stündlich 200 g verdampfter Propionaldehyd zusammen mit Wasserdampf eingeleitet. Die Temperatur in der Reaktionszone beträgt io5°. Die Wasserdampfmenge ist so bemessen, daß das Anfallverhältnis, von öliger zu wässeriger Schicht i : 2 beträgt. Stündlich fallen 145 g ölige Schicht an, aus der noch 12 g Propionaldehyd abdestilliert werden können. Der Rückstand besteht aus praktisch reinem Methyläthylacrolein. Im Wasser sind ,4g Propionaldehyd gelöst. In der Natron.laugelösung des Reaktionsgefäßes setzen sich stündlich 2 g Dicköl ab. Die Ausbeute an Methyläthylacrolein beträgt 86°/o vom umgesetzten Propionalldehyd.The process according to the invention gives good conversions in the conversion of aldehydes, such as acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, ie in the case of aldehydes which have noticeable water solubility, while in the case of aldehydes with a higher carbon number the yields are no longer so satisfactory. EXAMPLE 1 200 g of evaporated propionaldehyde and steam are introduced every hour from below into a vertical glass tube 40 mm wide and half filled with 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The temperature in the reaction zone is 10 °. The amount of water vapor is calculated so that the ratio of oily to aqueous layer is i: 2. Every hour, 145 g of an oily layer are obtained, from which 12 g of propionaldehyde can still be distilled off. The residue consists of practically pure Methyläthylacrolein. 4 g of propionaldehyde are dissolved in the water. Every hour, 2 g thick oil settles in the sodium hydroxide solution in the reaction vessel. The yield of methylethylacrolein is 86% of the converted propionic aldehyde.

Beispiel 2 Durch die gleiche Apparatur wie in Beispiel i werden stündlich 200 g Propionaldehyd zusammen mit Wasserdampf durchgeschickt. Das Reaktionsrohr ist zur Hälfte mit einer 5o%igen wässerigen Lösung von Triäthanolamin gefüllt. Es werden 148 g ölige Schicht und 290 g wässerige Schicht aufgefangen. Aus der öligen Schicht werden 12 g Propionaldehyd, aus der wässerigen Schicht 8 g Propionaldehyd zurückgewonnen. Die Ausbeute an Methylädhylacrolein beträgt 890% vom umgesetzten Propionaldehyd.Example 2 Using the same apparatus as in Example i, every hour 200 g propionaldehyde sent through together with steam. The reaction tube is half filled with a 5o% aqueous solution of triethanolamine. It 148 g of an oily layer and 290 g of an aqueous layer are collected. From the oily Layer 12 g of propionaldehyde, from the aqueous layer 8 g of propionaldehyde recovered. The yield of methyladhylacrolein is 890% of the converted Propionaldehyde.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: i. Verfahren zur Gewinnung von substituierten Acroleinen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Aldehyde, vorzugsweise solche mit guter Wasserlöslichkeit, zusammen mit Wasserdampf kontinuierlich durch alkalische Lösungen bei Temperaturen über ioo° durchtreten läßt und das alydestillierte Gemisch aus Wasser, unumgesetztem Aldehyd und substituierten Acroleinen kondensiert und aufarbeitet. PATENT CLAIMS: i. Process for obtaining substituted acroleins, characterized in that aldehydes, preferably those with good water solubility, are allowed to pass continuously through alkaline solutions at temperatures above 100 ° together with steam and the aldehyde-distilled mixture of water, unreacted aldehyde and substituted acroleins is condensed and worked up. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch i, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als alkalische Lösungen wässerige Lösungen von Alkalihydroxyden, alkalisch reagierenden Salzen, z. B. Natriumsu'lfit, oder organische Basen, z. B. Triäthanolamin, angewendet werden.2. The method according to claim i, characterized in that the alkaline solutions aqueous solutions of alkali hydroxides, alkaline salts, e.g. B. sodium sulfate, or organic bases, e.g. B. triethanolamine can be used.
DER1781A 1950-05-20 1950-05-20 Process for the production of substituted acroleins Expired DE836346C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER1781A DE836346C (en) 1950-05-20 1950-05-20 Process for the production of substituted acroleins

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER1781A DE836346C (en) 1950-05-20 1950-05-20 Process for the production of substituted acroleins

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE836346C true DE836346C (en) 1952-04-10

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1176120B (en) * 1958-05-27 1964-08-20 Eastman Kodak Co Process for the purification of ª,ª-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes
DE1203243B (en) * 1961-12-22 1965-10-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for the production of alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones
DE3225560A1 (en) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-17 VEB Kombinat Polygraph "Werner Lamberz" Leipzig, DDR 7050 Leipzig DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE COLOR KNIFE ON COLOR BOXES OF PRINTING MACHINES

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1176120B (en) * 1958-05-27 1964-08-20 Eastman Kodak Co Process for the purification of ª,ª-unsaturated aliphatic aldehydes
DE1203243B (en) * 1961-12-22 1965-10-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Process for the production of alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes and ketones
DE3225560A1 (en) * 1981-08-31 1983-03-17 VEB Kombinat Polygraph "Werner Lamberz" Leipzig, DDR 7050 Leipzig DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE COLOR KNIFE ON COLOR BOXES OF PRINTING MACHINES

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