DE827632C - Device for supplying burners and other gas-consuming devices with constant pressure - Google Patents

Description

Device for supplying burners and other gas-consuming devices with constant pressure The invention relates to a device and devices for feeding burners and other gas-consuming devices, in particular from welding torches or oxygen cutting devices, for example with oxygen and acetone tylen with a constant, from consumption independent, relatively low pressure. The invention 4 ° applies to the insl) esond_ ° re Supply of cutting devices with oxygen and fuel gas fed under constant pressure will. It is also applicable to the supply of oxygen acetyl welding torches of the type with exchangeable nozzle tube, which can be operated under constant th feed pressures of oxygen and acetylene I) work through all services and through a per se known l: iiirichttiiig g ° be fed. which consists of an oxygen source, a head pressure regulator at this oxygen source, an acetylene source, a head pressure regulator which is connected to this, a distribution network connected to the discharge from these regulators and burners branched off from this, excluding any regulator for the individual pressures, the Pressure regulators sio are designed that they give a constant, independent of the fluctuations in terms of quantity and pressure forward of the same delivering pressure.

The invention enables a central point or a supply point to set up for the gas, from which any number of cutting or welding torches = nern can be fed independently of each other. The different Features of the invention are detailed from the following description the illustrations show, for example, different embodiments of the Illustrate the invention. FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of the figures by a control device with two-stage relaxation for the supply of a portable unit, Fig. 2 a central control station for the supply of two Gases under constant pressure, with mutual control of the supply of the two Gases; 3, 4 and 5 show sections through control devices which one Form part of the central unit according to FIG. 2; Fig. 6 shows a central control system for controlling individual compound controllers from a distance and FIG. 7 shows a section by a compound controller, which is controlled by a central control system.

In Fig. I a two-stage pressure reducing device is shown, which is intended for portable units, which are used at the work site, also for units for use in work rooms that are not supplied from oxygen distribution lines, the automatic supply of oxygen at constant pressure of a cutting - Or welding torch can be done with the help of a basically known device of this type, which, however, has the following special features: In the pressure reducing device shown in Fig 2, which is connected to a membrane 3, which is under the action of a strong balancing spring 4 on the one hand and the gas pressure in the chamber 5 on the other hand: The gas, which is initially expanded to a suitable mean pressure, flows through a second valve 6, which is in communication with a second membrane 7, on the one hand like under the action of a balancing spring, whose voltage is controlled is a once and for all by a screw 9, which is covered by a lead sheath and on the other hand, t under your final pressure of the gas in this Chamber 'is io. The gas released to the pressure regulated by the screw 9 exits through line ii. Since the construction of these relaxation devices, in which a regulating handle sets the screw 9 under the lead jacket, is known, a more detailed description of the same appears. superfluous. The two-stage expansion devices of this known type are primarily intended to provide a burner, etc. that works with constant gas consumption, a controllable working pressure that is not subject to any changes, while the pressure in the gas cylinder drops from 150 kg / cm2 to near the working pressure. This result has generally been achieved by connecting a small high pressure release device, which gives a pre-release to about 40 kg / cm = 2, in series with a larger low pressure release device, which effects the second release to the working pressure . However, one has not dealt with making a device of this type suitable for regulating a pressure which fluctuates only to a very small extent with consumption, since the purpose of these devices was to provide a stable but controllable pressure and thus a trouble-free one To achieve feeding of the known torch, which under given and all the more with different nozzle cross-sections require different pressures, depending on the thickness of the materials to be cut or the weld to be made.

In contrast, when it comes to a Unchanging amount of consumption at constant pressure by means of a two-stage To obtain the expansion device, the cross section of the valve 6 of the low pressure stage To be dimensioned sufficiently large to mean a very small displacement. as a result of minimal pressure changes, a large amount of gas passes through enable.

If one is satisfied with a l, '- ntspan.nun @ (, sN-oi-riclitung usual 1'), to increase the diameter of the seat of the valve of the low-pressure stage for this purpose, one can, despite the fluctuations in the quantitative consumption Achieve a relatively stable pressure, but such a device is very sensitive to fluctuations in the pressure in the chamber 5, which begin to occur at the moment at which the pressure in the gas cylinder under this pressure regulation falls off. Indeed indulge. Apply with S the effective area of @lenil »-an7 and with .s the area covered by the effective area. which: through the valve 6 of the I) rucl <diffei-cnz zi -, - ischen the intermediate pressure p, in the chamber un, l your pressure p2 is presented in (Irr Kamm; @r io. denotes the P) targeting. en between the areas S and s and the pressure changes 4 pi and d p, according to the following equation: dpl s = d .S or To achieve low pressure relaxation. which enables consumption fluctuations of, for example, 500 to 20,000 1 / h. according to the prerequisites that exist for feeding cutting torches that work with material thicknesses that vary from 2 to 2 5 0 mm, the oxygen at a pressure of 0.3 to 0.4 kg / cni2 with a tolerance of ± 30 g / cm2 is presented, according to the invention the area s must have a diameter of at least 5 mm. The size of the effective area, which is limited by the usual pressure of these devices, is of the order of 30 cm. From this it can be seen that in a device of the usual type, in which the diameter of the seat of the high-pressure valve 9 would be brought to 5 mm. for a pressure pl, which fluctuates between .Io and 3 kg / cm2, a fluctuation in the service pressure A p2 of would end up-.

Such a pressure fluctuation during the exhaustion of an oxygen cylinder would be prohibitive when it comes to zti constant pressure burners dine, as according to the suggestions mentioned at the beginning.

On the contrary, if you combine these changes of the second expansion stage with a rigid regulation of the pressure p1, which is limited to .Ikg / ein2, for example (instead of 4o), and if it is taken into account that the I? Rschöpftings @ pressure of the gas cylinder is always 3 l: g / ctn2 (iti in reality "° r will be higher when working with large amounts of consumption), the fluctuations in the consumption pressure p must not be higher than A fluctuation of this order of magnitude is very much smaller for a torch fed from individual bottles than the mean error in the pressure readings which a conscientious worker makes, who is perfectly aware of the most favorable working pressure of a conventional torch. Mine in this 'v%' also modified two-stage Entspannutigsvorrichtung can therefore be used without any structural complication as a finzel control device for the oxygen, namely to feed a cutting torch for all strengths up to 250 mni or a welding torch for all brands without distinction and without some regulation or other activity of the worker becomes necessary. It automatically results in a relative pressure of, for example, 300 g / cm2 with a fluctuation of \ - «n ± 30 g / cm2. The device is even simplified as a result of the elimination of the lower part of the control organ.

Finally, the Ergelini you want can be; For the application case of a burner with 1; Inrel feed can be achieved by a two-stage manually operated longitudinal clamping device, in which the fluctuation of the pressure d p2 at the outlet as a function of a pressure drop in the gas cylinder from 150 kg / cm2 to (p2 - 1- 3) kg / cmq and in: 11>h; ability of a consumption fluctuation between 500 and 20,000 1 / h is less than 0115 p21, which corresponds to the following condition for the area s of the valve of the second expansion stage An individual welding or cutting unit fed with oxygen by an automatic device of this type can be particularly advantageously equipped with a control device for combustible gas with corresponding. Features to be equipped. The task is easier to solve for the combustible gas, because the upward pressure fluctuations are always much lower and sometimes zero. The liquefied gases, for example propane or butane, are under approximately constant pressure. The pressure changes of acetylene in cylinders are ten times less than those of oxygen and those in a carburation generator are less than 15 kg / cm '. A well-designed control device of any type, which is connected to the line for combustible gas, thus ensures a satisfactory operation with or without rigid control, which is comparable to that of the double-stage oxygen expansion device described above.

For the supply of oxygen under constant pressure from a central Distribution system can advantageously be a device of the type mentioned can be used, which makes it possible to control each individual pressure through the. Workers to renounce and this thanks to the arrangement of central regulatory bodies, which with sufficient Accuracy act to account for any fluctuations in consumption, which the various models of welding or cutting torches require, furthermore to the simultaneous activation or deactivation of several of the same. to enable without adversely affecting those who continue to work.

The purpose of the invention is, in particular, devices of this type to be perfected from the point of view that the protective organs of each individual welding or cutting unit against a backflow of one or the other of the gases in the cycle of the other become superfluous by identifying the cause of sc) lche Turns off the possibility of backflow. In addition, it aims, be it, the cross-section of the distribution lines, be it the distribution organs for the gases to simplify for each individual unit.

Fig.2 shows a central control device for the pressures of Oxygen and flammable gas, such as acetylene, which is intended to be the To carry out regulation of the pressures of these two gases under such stability conditions, that the pressure behind (learn regulator insensitive to fluctuations in the quantities and the pressure upstream of your regulator, with the consumption of each of the two gases: is coordinated in such a way that in the event of an accidental standstill des: lcetyleneszetigers, for example a Factory supplies, a backflow of oxygen into the acetylene line becomes impossible, and that itself if there is a connection between this line and the oxygen line or vice versa. This arrangement makes it unnecessary to provide individual check valves with previously every single welding or cutting unit that was fed from cables had to be equipped.

The central regulating device shown in FIG. 2 consists of two regulators 12, 13 of the type mentioned at the beginning, d. H. Membrane regulators where the gases entering through a tube 14 (Fig. 3) with the membrane through a Shaft 16, which on a lever 17 equipped with a finger 18, which is against one of the surfaces of a compensating membrane 1c9, connected valve 15, flow through. The opposite face of the membrane is due to its connection by a Line 20 with the tube 14 under the action of with respect to the direction of flow forward pressure. The main membrane described below stands on top of it Area under the constant. Pressure of a medium contained in a chamber 21. That in the chamber 22 on a determined by the prevailing in the chamber 21 Pressure-relieved gas flows out through a pipe 23. The influence of pressure changes in the feed line of the terminating device 15 is compensated for by that of the auxiliary membrane 19.

The regulators 12 and 13, however, differ from those mentioned at the beginning Controllers in that each of them is equipped with a double membrane 24, 25 is, wherein the space 26 between the membranes through one or more openings 26a communicates with the outside air in order to prevent accidental leakage the membrane to mix the gases contained in compartments 21 and 22 impede. The regulator 12 is in the acetylene line 27 and the regulator 13 in the Oxygen line 28 switched on. Above with respect to the direction of flow each of these devices is a filter 29, 3o arranged, which is used to To retain impurities, dust, etc., which could be admixed with the gas, also a tap 31, 32, which serves to close each of these lines from each other. The lines are to any supply lines for oxygen and fuel gas, which with any relaxation devices connected, connected. A derivation 33 for oxygen, which is above the regulator 13, as indicated by the arrows, is provided, routes oxygen to a small control regulator 34.

One could also provide such a branch line for acetylene with respect to the direction of flow above the regulator 12 and the entire system described above could also be arranged in reverse, namely so that the acetylene enters this control system instead of the oxygen. The control regulator (Fig. 4) is a pressure regulator finite a membrane 35, which under the action of a adjustable spring 36 and a '' valve 37 is whose task it is to flow line 38 a constant pressure (with outlet made intentional changes like this next will be explained below). To the accuracy and sensitivity of the Secure scheme flows through a little hole, which is provided in the Abströmleituna 38, a constant, very low leakage current. This feeds through connections 39 and 39 ° two other regulators 4o and 41 below the one set by controller 34 provided regulatory pressure. These two controllers 4o and 41 (Fig. 5) are of the same type as the Regulator 34, however, the adjustable spring comes in Elimination, and the membrane 33 is through a Double membrane 42. 43 replaced, the intermediate space 44 through one or more openings 44a in Connection with the: \ ulieiiluft is. The meme bran is on one of its surfaces that in one Chamber 45 subjected to the prevailing pressure, in which is the pressure of the 39 kOm- acting gas. The membrane of the regulator 4o can be of simple execution because theirs both surfaces are in contact with oxygen, however, because of the convenient uniform- ability of their execution with that of the membrane of the Controller 41 is preferable to use these two controllers in perform in the same way. The lead 46 of the Controller 4o is through the connection 47 and .the Tube 33 to the inlet of the oxygen Controller 13 connected. The lead 49 of the Controller 41 is through the conductive dough 48 to the feed Acetylene regulator line connected. The Ab- line of the controller 40 is connected to the chamber 21 of the Acetylene regulator connected and the discharge line 5o of the regulator 41 with the chamber 2 t of the Sauer- stoffreglers 13. In this way lead through the joint effect of the oxygen pressure, the set by the control regulator 34 in the line 38 prevails, regulators 40 and 41 oxygen constant pressure in the 1Zeglerl: ammer 21 des Acetylene regulator 12 and acetylene with constant Pressure in the regulator chamber 21 of the oxygen regulator 13. Each of these two small controllers 4o and 41 needs evenly. thus the regulation pressure, the is set by him. regular and constant is, through an intentional, very slight development w-calibration of gas for example 201 / h, both for example from your outflowing gas stream. The mode of operation of this device is the following: The Acetvlenre "ler 12. the by the constant oxygen pressure, which is on his double membrane 24, 25 acts, influences supplies oxygen in its derivation 51 exactly constant pressure under the presented suspensioneii. The oxygen regulator distributes more finely 13, whose double membrane 24, 2; a constant Back pressure of the AcetN'1CnS is subjected in its Line 52 oxygen at constant pressure under the same accuracy conditions. In the event of failure of the oxygen source becomes the Control regulator 34 not fed, and there the Regulator 40 and 41 no longer receive an impulse, at the same moment the influence of the two regulators 12 and 13 drops so that the pressure in the lines ji and j2 drops at the same time and with it any accidental backflow of one of the two gases into the line system of the other becomes impossible. In the event of failure of the acetylene source, the feed to the controller 4i stops. Since the main oxygen regulator 13 then no longer receives an impulse, the oxygen pressure in the line system 52 drops at the same instant as that of the acetylene in the line system 51.

The arrangement described above could be simplified by one omits the regulator 14 and the main acetylene regulator 12 immediately with the help of the control regulator 34 influenced. But here you would run the risk, because of the Loss of the symmetry of the regulating organs in each of the line systems an irregularity the mode of action. On the other hand it is for the supply of the burner flames, a higher pressure is recommended, especially when using acetylene of acetylene to adjust to that of oxygen. Experiments on oxygen cutting torches for example, have shown that good results with the following absolute Pressures can be achieved: oxygen 1.3 kg / cm2, acetylene 1.35 kg / cm2. That difference can easily be produced by looking at the ratio between the surfaces of the diaphragms, be it the regulators 12 and 13, be it the regulators 40 and 41, be it these two relationships, changes at the same time.

This device can advantageously be perfected with the aim of bringing about a change in the pressure in the line systems 51 and 52 in the order of magnitude of the load losses in them, but in the opposite sense, with the aim of eliminating them. The relaxation or regulation losses in the known devices decrease as the consumption increases, and these changes add to those which cause the load losses in the line system. In contrast, the arrangement described below makes it possible to set a pressure that is, for example, 3 l; gk- / C1.12 absolute for a capacity of 500 l / h and 1.32 kg / cm = for a capacity of 20,000 l / 11 is. It should be noted that above the control regulator 34 the pressure in the oxygen line 28, which is connected to the outlet line of a conventional expansion device, will be subject to the usual decrease which is associated with every increase in consumption. If, therefore, a control regulator 34 is used, in which, as shown in FIG. 4, the closure valve 37 is lifted from its seat instead of being located below, one can achieve by increasing the surface area of the seat of the valve 37 that the outflow pressure in the line 38 is so much higher than the inflow pressure (the oxygen pressure in the line 33 ocher 28) is lower. If dpl is the pressure change in the supply line at 28 or 33, A p2 is the pressure change at 38 in the discharge, s is the surface of the seat of the shut-off valve 37, of the regulator 34 and S is the effective area of the diaphragm 35 of the regulator 34, this results For a change in consumption from 500 to 200,001 / h, for example with an initial control pressure of 2 kg / cm2, the pressure fluctuation in an expansion device of conventional design is of the order of magnitude of 0.3 kg / cm2. If an effective area of the membrane of 15 cm2 is allowed and a pressure change of 0.1 kg / cm2 is to be obtained in the discharge line 38, the size of the seat of the shut-off valve 37 is determined as follows: That means a diameter of 8 mm for the seat surface s of the valve.

Further, when one has a central pressure regulating device of the one described above Kind used and distribution lines that are sized so that the load losses 'With the different consumption quantities to a very small order of magnitude, for example of o, oi kg / cm2 for a distribution at absolute pressure of 1.3 kg / cm2 or, more generally said, a value that does not exceed 100 per cent of the relative distribution pressure, it is possible to ensure a working of the burner that is insensitive against the fluctuations in gas consumption without any risk of backflow of one of the gases in the pipeline system of the other, whereby it, to the the It is sufficient to connect the rubber lines supplying the burners to those from the points of consumption coming pipes with heights of: large cross-section to equip those with olives are provided to which these pipelines are connected.

This arrangement not only enables the organs to be omitted for the individual control, but also the kickback devices that are used for the backup any welding or cutting unit are otherwise necessary.

According to a modified embodiment of the invention, the above central control device described received a different training, was it in order to be able to use existing line systems that do not meet the requirements correspond to a distribution with centralized regulation as far as the load losses are concerned, be it in the case of a new installation from the point of view of saving costs a long line without loss of load, be it from another Increase in consumption at the time of designing the pipeline system could not yet be foreseen.

To this end, the two central ones Regulator 12 and 13 are omitted and one with one of the line systems, preferably the line system for acetylene 54, connected discharge line 53 feeds a control regulator 55, which is the control regulator 34 corresponds. This control regulator 55 sends the control pulses to a regulator 56, which corresponds to the controller 4r, d. H. that the acetylene, its pressure by the control regulator 56 is regulated to a constant value, through a pipe 57 into the Chamber 45 of controller 56 is initiated. This is fed by a discharge 58, which is connected to the oxygen line system 59 and ensures a constant Pressure in a control tube 6e, which depends on the behavior of the control regulator 55.

Since this control regulator 55 only compensate for the load losses has, the size s of its valve seat can be reduced to a minimum to make it so independent of the pressure changes in the line system 54.

The small control tube 6o of small cross-section (for example 4 to 5 mm) running along the oxygen line 59 and the acetylene line 54 of the factory is arranged (Fig. 7), serves the purpose of a constant at each point of use and cause irregular pressure. This pressure affects every connection point a compound controller that serves to automatically control each worker without any Control or intervention on his part, the necessary pressure is available to deliver. This compound regulator has a sealed, central chamber 69 into which the control tube opens 6o. The pressure in this chamber acts on two Double membranes 70 and 71, the space between them through openings 72 and 73 with the Outside air is in communication, and so on the control valves 61 and 62, which connected to these membranes.

This device can be completed by two taps 7.1 and 75 by means of which it can be switched off. The rubber pipelines, which feed the burners, can directly from the discharge lines 76 and 77 be branched off.

To achieve a pressure difference in one of the two pipe systems, For example, the acetylene pressure is 0.05 kg / cm2 higher than that of the des Oxygen, it is sufficient, accordingly, the ratio of the areas of the membranes of one of the two systems as shown.

It can be seen that this compound controller takes advantage of the central Control device according to FIG. 2 with regard to the accuracy and constancy of the pressure control has and protects against the deficiencies of one of the two gas sources, @ because the controlled Line system can only be under pressure when both systems are under pressure stand. It can also be seen that the load loss between the feeds for oxygen and acetylene and the inlet to the compound regulator have no effect on the feed pressure the burner has. Finally, it should be noted that with the various in the fi; g. t, 5 and 7 (in particular Fig. 4) illustrated controllers the connection between the membrane and the valve that controls the membrane, is effected as follows: The membrane is firmly connected to a block 78, the an inner one, cylindrical in its upper part and conical in its lower part Has bore. A cylindrical one with a thread on its upper part and in its lower part a conical mandrel which is screwed into this block is, has: one conical end has a threadless bore into which the End of a piano wire 8o is clamped, which through an axial hole is passed in the block. The angle at the apex of the cone of the mandrel is slightly smaller than that of the mating cone of block 78, so that when tightened strongly of the dorm, in which the top of the block is compressed laterally and the end of the wire 8o is pressed into its storage. Tightening the mandrel: secures finer the tight closure of the axial bore of the block 78.

The lower end of the wire, so is passed through the in the same way Conical tip mandrel 81 attached to valve 37.

Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described above and details, but can be modified in many ways. without deviating from their basic idea.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS: r. Device for feeding burners and others gas-consuming apparatus with constant pressure, characterized by at least a pressure regulator of great precision, the control effect of which is independent of the Consumption fluctuations and which is controlled by a control regulator, which serves to expand one of the gases used to a constant pressure, which acts on the membrane of the controlled regulator against the control pressure. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that for feeding with two gases at least one of the two controlled regulators, the one for the regulation the pressure of one of the gases is determined depending on a control regulator works, which is intended to expand the other gas, so that a pressure drop this other gas automatically falls below a certain limit. Flow of gas, which is supplied by the governed regulator, interrupts. 3. Device according to Claim 1, characterized by a pressure regulator (13) for oxygen from a control regulator (41), which relaxes the fuel gas, and a pressure regulator (12) for the fuel gas, which is controlled by a control regulator (4o), which relaxes the oxygen. 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized. class the two control regulators (40, 41) themselves from a regulator (34) or an expansion device be mastered, the (read one of the two gases in front of the corresponding control regulator (40, 41) except for a control pressure ciits @ l), which acts on the membrane (42, 43) counteract the control regulator (learn the pressure of the gases that they should regulate, acts. 5. A device according to claim 4, characterized denotes Ge, class, the controller (34) is fed by a conventional relaxation apparatus, the control pressure @hnimmt when the consumption increases and the valve (37) of this controller has a cross section such that the pressure changes before your valve causes changes in the pressure in the discharge line, compensate for the load losses in the lines. 6. Apparatus according to claim i, characterized in that the distribution lines are designed in such a way that the highest load loss occurs at maximum consumption and occurs at the point of consumption furthest away from the control center, 51) / o less than the relative distribution pressure. 7th embodiment of the Device according to claim i. characterized in that a control regulator or Stetter relaxer (55) is provided, which expands one of the gases up to a certain pressure and serves to in turn control one control regulator (56) that controls the other Introduces gas at constant pressure into a line (6o), connected to the compound regulator located at the point of use, each pack controller with two membranes (70, 71) are equipped, which under the action of this constant Pressure stand and the valves (61, 62) control, which in turn, the relaxation and adjust the consumption of the two gases at the same or different pressures. B. Device as part of the overall arrangement according to claim i to 7, characterized in that @ that the regulator, in which the gas, which supplies the counter pressure for the regulation, is different from the gas whose pressure is to be regulated with two with each other ver-1) undenen membranes (24-25, 42-43) are equipped, between which a space communicating with the outside air is located. cg. contraption according to claim 8, characterized in that the controlled controller or controllers (12, 13) are equipped with a compensation membrane (i9), which serves to reduce the effect to compensate for the pressure changes backward of the valve. ok Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the shut-off valve (37) of a controller with its The membrane is connected by a piano wire (8o), which is tong-shaped at its ends by conical bolts (70, 81), which are pierced through a threadless hole, which bolts are screwed into blocks with a conical bore, which in turn are firmly connected to the valve and the membrane. i i. Hand-operated, two-stage expansion device for feeding a burner or a single point of consumption from a bottle of compressed gas at constant pressure, characterized in, @ That the first pressure stage to relax the gas from high pressure to one Pressure, which is only slightly above the exhaustion pressure of the bottle, is determined is, wherein the cross section of the valve of the second expansion stage is such, that the changes in the final pressure do not exceed 15%.