DE825837C - Process for the production of adiponitrile - Google Patents
Process for the production of adiponitrileInfo
- Publication number
- DE825837C DE825837C DEB811A DEB0000811A DE825837C DE 825837 C DE825837 C DE 825837C DE B811 A DEB811 A DE B811A DE B0000811 A DEB0000811 A DE B0000811A DE 825837 C DE825837 C DE 825837C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- adiponitrile
- reaction mixture
- distillation
- production
- salts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 alkaline earth metal cyanide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001944 continuous distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004508 fractional distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C253/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C253/14—Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles by reaction of cyanides with halogen-containing compounds with replacement of halogen atoms by cyano groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Description
Bei der technischen Herstellung von Adiponitril durch Umsetzung von z, 4-Dichlorbutan mit überschüssigem Natriumcyanid erhält man-ein Gemisch aus Adiponitril, Natriumchlorid und Natriumcyanid und geringen Mengen organischer Nebenprodukte. Um aus diesem das Adiponitril zu gewinnen, verfuhr man bisher meistens so, daß man das Reaktionsgemisch mit Wasser verrührte, wobei die Salze sich lösen und abgetrennt werden können. Wegen des geringen Unterschiedes im spezifischen Gewicht der öligen Bestandteile und des Wassers bilden sich dabei allerdings häufig Emulsionen, die sich nur langsam in die beiden Phasen trenneu. Außerdem enthält das rohe Adiponitril bei dieser Arbeitsweise stets beträchtliche Mengen Wasser, die bei der folgenden Destillation stören, während andererseits auch die wässerige Phase mehrere Prozent Adiponitril löst, die aus ihr erst durch Extraktion mit einem Lösungsmittel wiedergewonnen werden müssen. Diese Umstände verteuern das Adiponitril nicht unerheblich, wobei noch zu berücksichtigen ist, daß die Salze verloren gehen.In the industrial production of adiponitrile by converting z, 4-dichlorobutane with excess sodium cyanide is obtained - a mixture of adiponitrile, Sodium chloride and sodium cyanide and small amounts of organic by-products. In order to obtain the adiponitrile from this, the procedure so far has usually been that one the reaction mixture was stirred with water, the salts dissolving and separated off can be. Because of the slight difference in the specific gravity of the oily Components and the water, however, often form emulsions that is only slowly separating into the two phases. In addition, the crude contains adiponitrile in this procedure always considerable amounts of water, which in the following Distillation interfere, while on the other hand also the aqueous phase several percent Adiponitrile dissolves, which is only recovered from it by extraction with a solvent Need to become. These circumstances make the adiponitrile not insignificant, whereby it must also be taken into account that the salts are lost.
Man hat andererseits schon vorgeschlagen, ein im wesentlichen aus Adiponitril, Natriumchlorid und Natriumcyanid bestehendes Reaktionsgemisch unmittelbar zu destillieren, um das Adiponitril von den Salzen zu trennen. Dabei tritt jedoch leicht Überhitzung ein, so daß ein mehr oder weniger großer Teil des Adiponitrils verharzt; der Rückstand, der aus einem Gemisch von Salzen und harzigen Zersetzungsprodukten besteht, ist dann im allgemeinen auch nicht mehr ohne weiteres verwendbar.On the other hand, it has already been suggested that an essentially off Adiponitrile, sodium chloride and sodium cyanide existing reaction mixture immediately to distill to separate the adiponitrile from the salts. However, this occurs slightly overheating, so that a more or less large part of the adiponitrile resinified; the residue, which consists of a mixture of salts and resinous decomposition products exists, can then generally no longer be used without further ado.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man aus einem Umsetzungsgemisch eines i, 4-Dihalogenbutans mit überschüssigem Alkali- oder Erdalkalicyanid das Adiponitrii unter Vermeidung dieser Nachteile in technisch befriedigender Weise gewinnen kann, wenn man das breiige Reaktionsgemisch einer kontinuierlichen Destillation bei vermindertem Druck in einer Apparatur unterwirft, die etagenförmig angeordnete, von Rührschaufeln bestrichene Heizplatten enthält, über die der Brei von oben nach unten durch die Apparatur befördert wird.It has now been found that from a reaction mixture of an i, 4-Dihalobutane with excess alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cyanide is the Adiponitrii can win in a technically satisfactory manner while avoiding these disadvantages, if you the pulpy reaction mixture a continuous distillation at reduced Pressure in an apparatus is subjected to the tiered arrangement of stirring paddles contains coated heating plates, over which the pulp from top to bottom through the Apparatus is conveyed.
Das Verfahren wird durch die Zeichnung erläutert. Das Reaktionsgemisch, das z. B. aus 8oo Teilen i, 4-Dichlorbutan und 72o Teilen Natriumcanid im Rührkessel A erzeugt wurde, wird durch' eine Schlammpumpe B in ein Vorratsgefäß C befördert. Von dort wird es durch den Verteiler D dem Destilliergefäß E zugeführt, in welchem mehrere auf 26o° geheizte Platten F etagenförmig übereinander angeordnet sind, die von Schaufeln G bestrichen werden; die Schaufeln werden durch den Motor H um die Achse 1 bewegt. Der Destillationskesscl E wird mittels einer bei 0 angeschlossenen Saugleitung evakuiert. Die entweichenden Dämpfe von Adiponitril werden im Kondensator K kondensiert oder auch gleich über eine Kolonne mit Dephlegmator und Sumpfkessel in leichter und schwerer siedende Anteile getrennt. Das im Tank L gesammelte rohe Adiponitril wird schließlich durch fraktionierte Destillation in einer besonderen Kolonne P gereinigt, während die am Boden des Gefäßes E sich sammelnden trockenen Salze in die Salzbehälter M und N ausgeschleust werden. Man kann sie ohne weiteres z. B. wieder auf Cyanwasserstoff verarbeiten. Eine Verharzung der Salze und der Apparatur tritt dabei, im Gegensatz zu der direkten Destillation, nicht ein.The process is explained by the drawing. The reaction mixture, e.g. B. from 800 parts of i, 4-dichlorobutane and 72o parts of sodium canide in stirred tank A, is conveyed by a sludge pump B into a storage vessel C. From there it is fed through the distributor D to the distillation vessel E, in which several plates F heated to 260 ° are arranged in layers one above the other, which are swept by blades G; the blades are moved around axis 1 by the motor H. The distillation tank E is evacuated by means of a suction line connected at 0. The escaping adiponitrile vapors are condensed in the condenser K or separated into lower and higher boiling fractions via a column with a dephlegmator and sump boiler. The crude adiponitrile collected in the tank L is finally purified by fractional distillation in a special column P, while the dry salts that collect at the bottom of the vessel E are discharged into the salt containers M and N. You can easily z. B. process again on hydrogen cyanide. In contrast to direct distillation, the salts and the apparatus do not become resinous.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB811A DE825837C (en) | 1949-11-25 | 1949-11-25 | Process for the production of adiponitrile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB811A DE825837C (en) | 1949-11-25 | 1949-11-25 | Process for the production of adiponitrile |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE825837C true DE825837C (en) | 1951-12-20 |
Family
ID=6952027
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB811A Expired DE825837C (en) | 1949-11-25 | 1949-11-25 | Process for the production of adiponitrile |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE825837C (en) |
-
1949
- 1949-11-25 DE DEB811A patent/DE825837C/en not_active Expired
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