DE69813525T2 - SOCKS - Google Patents

Abstract

A composite sock comprises an inner stretchable fabric envelope 50, a bag-like barrier component 100 having a liquid water impermeable/water vapour permeable membrane 120, and an outer stretchable fabric envelope 200. The inner, barrier and outer layers are attached to each other, in one embodiment by means of spaced apart dots of adhesive. The inner layer 50 may have elastic yarns 60 laid-in in the courses 65, circumferentially of the sock to enhance the ability of the sock to recover its shape after stretching. The membrane 120 may be reinforced by a fabric support 140. In a further embodiment, the outer fabric layer may be omitted, and, in certain regions of the sock (e.g. in the toe-to-calf longitudinal direction), the support fabric may serve to prevent the barrier component from stretching.

Description

The present invention relates to Socks that are at least on the foot and on the ankle as well as on the lower leg and the against the Penetration of liquid Are water resistant while they allow water vapor to escape from the foot.

USP 5244716 discloses structures with which these tasks are accomplished be, but it is desirable is to improve these structures, especially with regard to the Fit and easy covering on the foot and pulling off the foot and the lifespan in the face of repeated covering on the foot and peeling from the foot.

Research has the following documents produced, which relate to stretchable socks: WO 95/32093 (W. L. Gore), WO 94/08477 (Williams), WO 89/07523 (Porvair) (corresponds above USP 5244716), USP 5430896 (Bisley), USP 4809447 (Pacanowsky), USP 4761324 (Rautenberg) et al) and USP 4443511 (Worden et al) to W.L. Gore).

Applicants also know the following documents: WO 93/21013 (WL Gore), (and the corresponding one EP 636065 (WL Gore) and GB 2074093 (WL Gore)); USP 4194041 (WL Gore); GB 2155853 (Nitto); USP 5402540 (Williams), (corresponds to WO 94/08477 (Williams)); WO 89/4611 (WL Gore); USP 4679257 (Town); USP 4430759 (Jackrel); WO 92/07480 (WL Gore); USP 4967494 (Cabela's); USP 4310373 (Freudenberg); USP 4935287 (3M); USP 4550446 (Herman); USP 4539256 (Shipman); USP 4833026 (Kausch); USP 4613544 (3M); EP 110627B (WL Gore); USP 4981747 (Kimberley Clark) and USP 4636424 (Unitika).

None of these documents are disclosed stretchy socks with a circular knitted sock and one attached to it waterproof, breathable Membrane, the composite sock combining properties the socks of the present invention or the structural features of elastic yarns running in the circumferential direction into the knitted sock are inserted, or a reinforcement the membrane to protect against damaging Extends in the toe-to-calf direction.

According to the present invention a composite sock consists of an inner sock, a pocket-like one Lock component for liquid water impermeable and for Permeable to water vapor and an outer sock, wherein the inner sock is attached to the locking component, the Locking component on the outer sock is attached, the attachments being designed such that they stretch extensive the sock allow characterized in that the fastenings designed in this way are that they have extensive stretching allow the sock to expand by at least 50% and that the Inner sock and the outer sock are circular knitted socks, being the inner sock or the outer sock or both have elastic yarns that are inserted in extensive directions are, d. H. extensive in relation to the sock, so the ability the sock, when stretched sideways, into her or to their original, undrawn shape and its dimensions in undrawn shape reverse engineer, is improved. The elastic yarns can be at least in the range of the ankle or in a number of extensive directions or be inserted through the entire sock. Thus, the elastic yarns in any extensive direction or in every second extensive course of direction, at least in the area of the ankle or inserted through the entire sock.

A composite sock according to the present Invention can be characterized in that for the case that a sample from the leg of the composite sock just above of the ankle is taken, this sample has the dimensions of 5 cm by 10 cm; and the dimension of 10 cm aligned in the circumferential direction is stretched on a strain gauge at 100 mm per minute to 15 cm in length will, d. H. by 50% and if the sample is given the opportunity to recover at 100 min / minute (taking a hysteresis curve generated), the load at 25% elongation during the recovery phase (herein referred to as efficiency) at least 50% of the load at 25% elongation while the stretching phase, e.g. B. 50-99 or 0-95% preferably at least 60%, e.g. B. 65% to 95%, preferably 75% up to 95% of the load at 25% elongation during the stretching phase.

In addition, the composite sock to be such that for in the event that a sample is taken from the leg of the sock just above of the ankle the sample is S cm by 10 cm in size, and the dimension of 10 cm aligned in the circumferential direction is stretched at 100 mm per minute on a strain gauge to a length of 15 cm will, i.e. by 50%, the load to stretch the sample to 50% elongation (hereinafter the 50% elongation load) less than 15N per 5 cm width is preferably less than 10N, more preferably less than 7.5N and most preferably 5N or less per 5 cm width, e.g. B. 0.1 to 6, preferably 0.1 to 5, e.g. B. 0.2 to 3.5 or 0.5 up to 2.5N per 5 cm width.

In addition, the composite sock may be such that in the event that a sample taken from the leg of the sock immediately above the ankle, the sample is 5 cm by 10 cm in size and 10 cm in circumferential direction is stretched at 100 mm per minute on a strain gauge to a length of 15 cm, ie by 50%, the sample is released when the tensile load is released in such a way that the sample recovers at 100 mm / minute, the sample is reduced to 12 , 5% (in the following referred to as the recovery percentage) recovered from its original length of 10 cm, e.g. B. up to 10%, preferably up to 7.5%, e.g. B. up to 6%, and most preferably up to 5%.

The 50% strain must be low be enough to ensure that the composite sock is easily pulled over the heel of the wearer without damaging the sock or putting strain on the wearer or hurt. The recovery percentage defines the need for the Sock to recover very significantly after going over the Heel has been stretched so that a tight fit is achieved. This However, recovery must be achieved quickly, with the level of performance reflects the speed at which the sock is moving onto her Dimensions recovered in the state of manufacture.

The elastic properties of the Composite sock can provided by the inner sock or the outer sock or both become. So you can the inner sock or the outer sock or both a 50% elongation load of less than 7.5N, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 6N per 5 cm width, more preferably 0.1 to 5, e.g. B. 0.2 to 3.5N or 0.5 to 2.5N. The inner sock or the outer sock or both can a recovery percentage of up to 12.5%, e.g. B. up to 10%, preferably up to 7.5%, e.g. B. up to 6% and most preferably up to 5%, exhibit. The inner sock or the outer sock, or both preferably a level of performance of at least 50% and more preferred of at least 60%.

Preferably have the inner sock or the outer sock or both a 50% strain load less than 3.5N, a recovery percentage of up to 7.5% and a performance level of at least 60% with the 50% strain load more preferably less than 2.5N, the recovery percentage up to 5% and the efficiency is from 65% to 95%.

We have found that this Properties, especially in combination, easy pulling the sock on the foot and allow from the foot while at the same time a tight fit on the foot with repeated tightening the sock ensures becomes.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of this aspect of the invention is the 50% elongation load Composite sock less than 7.5N, the recovery percentage is included up to 7.5% and the level of performance is at least 60%, with the 50% strain is more preferably less than 5N Recovery percentage up to 5% and performance level of 65% up to 95%.

As an example, it should be mentioned here that an inlay yarn is a yarn that is not part of the stitches but is is enclosed between rows of stitches.

This structural arrangement makes it possible Achieve properties related to the behavior described above the sock.

In another embodiment In the present invention, a sock is made of a circular knit Inner sock, a pocket-like one Spen component that for liquid water impermeable and for water vapor permeable is, and from a circular knitted outer sock, the inner sock is attached to the Spen component, the Spen component on the outer sock is attached, the attachment being designed so that it an extensive stretching the sock allows being the locking component is ribbed when the sock is not stretched, being the inner surface of the dispensing component has adhesive points, which channels the Ribs in the ribbed spen component on the outer surface of the Attach the inner sock, and being the outer surface of the Spen component glue points which tips of the ribs in the ribbed spen component on the inner surface the outer sock Fasten.

This structure makes deployment easy a sock that can be put on easily and fits snugly is.

Preferably, the Spen component consist of a membrane that is impermeable to liquid water, across from Permeable to water vapor is and through a support fabric reinforced is, the Spen component ripped in the unstretched state is so that they are circumferentially stretching the inner sock and the outer sock can record in their routes, the Spen component from Support fabric at Stretch in the toe-to-calf length direction limited becomes what is not related to the extensive expansion of the ribbed Spen component affects.

The support fabric is preferably around Stretchable less than 50% in the toe-to-calf direction, but can stretch at least 50% stretchable in the circumferential direction.

In another embodiment the invention consists of a sock made of a circular knitted inner sock, a bag-like one Spen component, which consists of a membrane used for liquid water impermeable and for Permeable to water vapor is and through a support fabric reinforced and a circular knitted outer sock.

Preferably, the outer surface of the Inner sock on the inner surface the lock component attached by spaced adhesive spots and / or the outer surface of the Spen component is on the inner surface of the outer sock by spaced adhesive spots attached. If the Spen component has a membrane that passes through a support fabric supported is, the membrane is preferably spaced on the support fabric Glue points attached.

Preferably have the inner sock or the outer sock or both elastic yarns that go around in a series of courses at least in the area of the ankle are inserted, the Spen component being ripped when the sock is not stretched, so that it too Circumferential stretches of the inner sock and the outer sock at their initial Can accommodate stretches and is circumferentially elastic, too to be able to extensively further circumferentially stretching the inner sock and the outer sock to stretch, the Spen component through the support fabric is restricted when stretching in the toe-to-calf length direction, and wherein the inserted elastic yarn is designed so that it ensures a tight fit of the sock on the foot and leg of the wearer.

In this embodiment of the invention itself on the inner surface the membrane the adhesive points, which grooves of the ribs in the ribbed spen component on the outer surface of the Fasten the inner sock and there are glue spots between the membrane and the supporting tissue, and the outer surface of the supporting tissue has glue spots, which tips of the ribs in the ribbed spen component on the inner surface the outer sock Fasten.

The sock

As mentioned above, the socks are circular knitted. You can of fairly light fabrics, e.g. B. 150 g / m2, for heavier socks, z. B. 300 g / m2, or more, such as. B. 450 g / m2 range. They can be flat or be ribbed. You can be made from any fiber, the more traditional Way for Socks is used, e.g. B. from natural fibers such as wool or cotton, or from synthetic fibers, such as polyester or polyamides, or from mixtures of natural fibers and synthetic fibers. When the socks are ripped, are the ribs are typically longitudinal aligned. As stated is an elastic yarn in at least some of the courses, typically in the area of the ankle, inserted. For example, an elastic yarn in each course around the ankle and every other course or less frequently in areas above and below the ankle be inserted, and in the foot and There may be areas in the leg where there is no elastic inlay Yarn there.

The membrane

The membrane is against liquid water impermeable, but opposite Permeable to water vapor. Lots such materials are known and are described in our USP 5244716 discussed. The use of microporous polytetrafluoroethylene films socks is also known and is used in many patents by W.L. Gore, such as B. the USP 5529830 described. Hydrophilic materials are also known, these materials being water vapor an area absorb and desorb it from another, depending from the water vapor concentrations on both sides of the film. Hydrophilic polyurethanes are such a material and we have them for the present invention as useful found. Examples of hydrophilic Membranes are listed in USP 4613544.

The support fabric

The support fabric can desirably by at least 50% in the X direction be stretched while it is stretchable in the Y direction (at right angles to the X direction) by less than 50% is. The support fabric is desirable connected to the membrane in such a way that its Y direction is in the finished sock lengthways is arranged, which causes the membrane when stretching the sock in the longitudinal direction limited and protected from it is going to tear or holey to become. The elasticity enable the membrane and its ribbing it her and the lock component, to stretch in the circumferential direction. The support fabric is on the membrane attached in such a way that it does not affect the extent the ribbed locking component affects and therefore does not have to be stretchable in the X direction. The supporting tissue is preferably stretchable in this direction, however, so as not the extensive stretching the sock over the stretch allowed by the expansion of the ribs to affect. The support fabric is preferably knitted and can be a weft, mono-stretch warp knitted fabric be, although any structure that is capable of the ones described above Giving route properties could be used.

The glue

The adhesive is preferably heat activated, details of such materials are disclosed in our USP 5244716 become. One of those useful Material classes are thermoplastic polyamide adhesives.

The adhesive distribution

The adhesive is preferred in the form of dots with a diameter of 0.2 to 1 mm, e.g. B. 0.5 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.55 to 0.65 mm, and a density from 10 to 100 points, preferably 15 to 75, more preferably 20 to 60 dots per square centimeter plotted. It is recognized that the reference to points of the adhesive any Configuration of the adhesive application, which includes the function of the Join the layers at numerous, separate spaced apart Positions fulfilled.

Assembly procedure of the structure

The method according to the present invention relating to the manufacture of a composite sock comprises circular knitting of the inner sock and the outer sock to the desired size, the inner sock or the outer sock or both which are knitted round having elastic yarns which are laid out in relation to the sock that the ability of the sock, when stretched sideways, to revert to its or its original undrawn shape and dimensions in undrawn shape is improved, preferably each of the socks being the same size with the inner sock on an oversized bag-like first template is drawn so that the inner sock is circumferentially at the foot position ( C ), the ankle position ( B ) and the leg position ( A ) is stretched to at least 150% of its knit size, providing a pocket-like locking component of the same shape, but slightly larger than the first stencil, so that it can be pulled over the inner sock on the first stencil, with points of the activatable adhesive are or have been applied to the inner sock or Spen component, pulling the barrier component over the inner sock and activating the adhesive to secure the inner sock to the Spen component at spaced positions, removing the structure from the first stencil and the structure is treated to facilitate the recovery of the inner sock to its knitted dimensions, e.g. B. by wetting and drying, whereby the structure is drawn over an oversized second template, the smaller values of ( A ), ( B ) and ( C ) has as the pocket-like first template and which has a sock-like shape, the second template being designed such that the inner sock is stretched when A . B and C is less than the stretching that has occurred in the first template, with spots of an activatable adhesive being or being applied to the locking component or the outer sock, with the outer sock being pulled over the locking component on the second template and wherein the adhesive is activated to secure the locking components to the outer sock at spaced positions, removing the full sock from the second stencil and treating the structure to allow the socks to recover to their knitted dimensions, e.g. B. by wetting and drying.

It will be recognized that the Glue spots on the membrane in another phase of the process can be applied for example before assembling the bag-like locking component or after it has been dragged onto the first template.

The pocket-like template preferably has in the shape of a flat but bold looking "L" so that it’s from a The shape of the sock is derived, but has no actual heel and in the leg, heel and foot area is much wider than a sock and only measures in the toe area like a sock.

Stretching the socks through the first and second stencils are preferred so that the ratio of growth in size at position A for the outer sock (AO) to increase in size at position A for the inner sock (AI) is in the range from 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1, the relationship of the percentage increase in size at position B for the outer sock (BO) to increase in size at position B for the inner sock (BI) is in the range from 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1 and The relationship of growth in size at position C for the outer sock (CO) to increase in size at position C for the inner sock (CI) is in the range of 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1.

The invention can be applied to various Ways are implemented using a number of specific embodiments by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples are described.

Precise description

1 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view along the X direction, ie looking in the Y direction, and shows a composite material according to the present invention in the unstretched state.

2A . 2 B and 2C are top views of components of a composite sock according to the present invention, namely the inner sock, the barrier component and the outer sock, all of which are shown in the same reduced scale (approximately 50%) and all in a size which is suitable for a men's sock in the average UK size of 7-9 is suitable.

characters 2D and 2E show details of the heel construction of the socks of the 2A and 2C ;

The 3A and 3B are top views on the same scale as that 2A to 2C of two templates used in the manufacture of a composite sock in accordance with the present invention;

3A represents the template over which the inner sock is stretched, the Spen component is positioned in the undrawn state and the two are connected by adhesive points; and

3B is an illustration of the template over which the laminate of the inner sock and the Spen component stretched, then stretched over the outer sock, and the outer surface of the Spen component attached to the inner surface of the outer sock by adhesive centers;
the 4 to 11 , all relate to the materials of Example 1;
the 4A to 4D are hysteresis curves for the inner sock; 5A up to 5D are elongation at break curves for the inner sock;

6A and 6B are hysteresis curves for the membrane used in the Spen component;
the 6C and 6D are elongation at break curves for the membrane;

7A is a hysteresis curve for the support fabric used in the Spen component in the X direction (there is no curve ( 7B ) for the Y direction);
the 7C and 7D are elongation at break curves for the supporting tissue;

8A is a hysteresis curve for the Spen component in the X direction (there is no curve ( 8B ) for the Y direction);
the 8C and 8D are elongation curves for the Spen component;
the 9A and 9B are hysteresis curves for the outer sock;
the 10A and 10B are elongation curves for the outer sock;
the 11A to 11D are hysteresis curves for the full sock;
the 11E to 11H are elongation at break curves for the complete sock;

12 is a diagram of modules for the inner sock (curve M1), the membrane (curve M2), the spen component (curve M3) and the outer sock (curve M4).

All hydrostatic peaks This is where top-class hydrostatic testers are tested on a Shirley (RTM) according to BS3424 Part 26: 1990: Method 29A measured;

"Determination of resistance to Water Penetration and Surface Wetting " across from Water penetration and surface wetting "].

The hysteresis curves shown here are generated as follows.

Each sample used is 5 cm wide and 10 cm long. The sample is clamped in the jaws of a Testometric ^TM strain gauge. Then it is expanded in the 10 cm direction at 100 mm / minute to 50% elongation, ie until it is 15 cm long. The sample is then given the opportunity to recover at 100 mm / minute. The load in Newtons is plotted against the strain in mm during both the stretching phases and the recovery phases of the cycle.

It takes more strength to test to stretch than to recover, and so the top curve represents the stretch and the lower curve represents the recovery.

Elongation at break tests were carried out on a Testometric ^™ strain gauge, with samples 5 cm wide and 10 cm long being stretched in the 10 cm direction at 100 mm / minute. In this test, the sample was not stretched to 50% strain and allowed to recover, but the sample was stretched until it broke ("broken"). This gives values for tensile strength (load at break point) and elongation at break.

The sock or stocking can be characterized by three transverse dimensions, the as A . B and C be designated. These dimensions are measured on the sock when it is flat and unstretched and folded along its front and back lines. You will be referring to the inner sock that is in 2A is shown, which is shown flat and folded around its front and rear lines.

We call the longest cross dimension B , and this is the shortest distance from the point 40 the heel 75 to the front 41 of the ankle 42 , This is the largest transverse dimension to which the leg section of a sock must extend when it is pulled onto the foot.

The second dimension C is the transverse dimension halfway along the foot 46 from the midpoint MH of the heel / ankle line 40-41 to the toe 43 , We define C than the length of the normal 45 at the midpoint MC of the line from the midpoint MH of the heel-to-ankle line to the toe 43 , The length B is the sum of Ib 1 and Ib 2 that we have defined as equivalent. The length C is the sum of c1 and c2 that may or may not be equivalent. The distance from MH to MC is running.

A is the transverse dimension over the leg section 47 the sock that over the same distance lf the leg along from the midpoint MH of the heel to the front of the ankle line B how C is taken down the foot.

The line to the A is taken, the line from MH to the center MO of the line over the public transport voltage 48 or the top of the sock. A is the normal to the line MH MO. If the opening or the top end is closer to MH than the distance lf, then A taken at the place closest to the opening what A allows to extend from side to side of the sock. The dimension A defines the fit of the sock around the leg above the ankle, where a close fit is important to prevent water from running down the leg and into the inside of the sock, and provides benefits in terms of comfort and avoidance of side wrinkles.

The dimension C and especially the dimension B determine the fit around the foot and in the heel-to-ankle area. Dimension B defines to a large extent and in connection with A the ease with which and whether the sock can even be pulled over the foot. Thus, there is a conflict inherent in footwear made from a material with low stretch or high resistance to initial stretch (initial modulus), this conflict between the fit that can be achieved and the need for a shape to create enough space so that the foot can be placed within the covering.

For a molded men's sock, the ratio is A to B to C typically 0.7: 1: 0.8. However, sports socks are made in tubes and there the ratio is 1: 1: 1.

Therefore, the invention relates broadly Socks sense where the relationship from A to B and from C to B is in the range of 0.5: 1 and 1: 1.

Structures where the ratio of A to B greater than 1: 1 tend to require too much ankle extension. Consequently either the leg section of the sock is not tight or if there is a tight fit, it is very difficult to achieve that Sock towards the foot pull, and if possible, the ankle bends to be excessively restricted, which causes discomfort.

The positions of lines A, B and C on the first and second stencil, the Spen component and the outer sock are determined as follows.

The lines A . B and C are pulled onto the inner sock when it is in a flat, unstretched state, as in 2A shown. The inner sock is then pulled onto the first template, see 3A , and stretched evenly over the template. (As mentioned above, the first template is pocket-like and has the shape of a flat but fat-looking "L", which is derived from a sock shape but has no actual heel.) The positions of the lines A . B and C on the stretched inner sock are then marked on the first template and in 3A shown.

The Spen component ( 2 B ) is then over the first template ( 3A ) and the lines A . B and C are on the Spen component with reference to the lines A . B and C marked on the first template.

The inner sock is also over the second template ( 3B ) (which is narrower than the first template) and stretched evenly over it. The positions of the lines A . B and C on the stretched inner sock are then marked on the second template and in 3B shown.

The lines A . B and C can on the outer sock (as for the inner sock) when it is in its flat, unstretched state by referring to the point of the heel and the line from the point of the heel 40 be positioned to the ankle front line, ie from the point 40 the heel 7S to the point 41 the front of the ankle 42 , A . B and C for the outer sock are in 2C shown. A comparison of 3A and 3B shows that the inner sock is stretched more than the outer sock. This is discussed in more detail below with reference to Table 11.

example 1

A sock or stocking according to the present invention consists of a knitted inner sock 50 , a pocket-like Spen component 100 made of a membrane impermeable to liquid water but permeable to water vapor 120 consists of a support fabric 140 is reinforced, and a knitted outer sock 200 , as in 1 shown schematically.

The outside surface 51 the inner sock 50 is on the inside surface 121 (provided by the membrane 120 ) of the Spen component 100 due to spaced adhesive points 55 attached. The outside surface 141 (provided by the support fabric 140 ) of the Spen component 100 is on the inner surface 201 the outer sock 200 also by spaced adhesive centers 145 attached.

The membrane 120 is also on the support fabric 140 by spaced adhesive centers 125 attached.

In 1 the inner sock is through the layer 50 with one in front of a location 65 inlaid yarn 60 shown.

On the inner surface of the membrane 120 there are glue spots 55 what channels 130 the ribs 135 on the outer surface 51 the inner sock 50 Fasten.

Glue points 125 are also between the membrane 120 (shown as a layer) and the support fabric 140 (also shown as a layer}.

The outside surface 141 of the supporting tissue 140 also shows glue spots 145 on what tips 155 the ribs 135 on the inner surface 201 the outer sock 200 Fasten.

The frequency of the points 55 . 125 and 145 , in the 1 is purely schematic in nature, special details will be given later.

The membrane is laminated to the support fabric to make a composite and along the line 124 (please refer 2 B ) cut.

The Spen component is formed from two layers of the composite material, the - membrane to membrane, surface to surface (see 2 B ) Placed and around its edges along the dotted line 122 be welded to form a sock-like shape, with an opening 123 is provided through which the foot can be inserted. The Spen component is similar to a pocket and is oversized compared to the inner sock and the planned end sock. Ultrasonic high frequency welding is effective. The inner sock 50 has elastic yarns 60 on that in the X directional curves 65 are inserted, that is, in relation to the sock, so that the ability of the sock, when stretched laterally, to revert to its or its original, unstretched shape and its unstretched dimensions is improved. 2A is a floor plan view. Ribs (not shown) extend perpendicular to the courses 65 ,

In the special preferred embodiment of example 1 are the properties and frequency of occurrence, i.e. in every direction or every second direction or less frequently, of the elastic yarn such that the inner sock is stretched at least in the circumferential direction by 50% by a force of less than 5N per 5 cm width can be stretched, e.g. B. 0.1 to 4, preferably 0.2 to 3.5 or more preferably 0.5 to 2.5N per 5 cm width, if a sample - which is taken from the leg of the sock immediately above the ankle, the sample, has the dimensions of 5 cm by 10 cm, the dimension being aligned with 10 cm in the circumferential direction - with 100 mm per minute on a strain gauge to a length of 15 cm.

The sample is cut from the sock so that the sample has a homogeneous structure, ie it is from an area immediately near the heel 75 and within the range 70 cut. Since it is 10 cm long, it includes the seam of the membrane pocket at one end. It will be recognized that the tensile tests and indeed the hydrostatic tip and water vapor permeability tests are such that sections of the sock must be cut which will destroy them. As a result, the properties mentioned are those obtained from a number of socks, all of which are manufactured to the same specifications.

The inner sock is also like this designed so that when the traction is released in such a way that it recovers at 100 mm / minute, down to 5%, e.g. B. 1 to 5% of their original length of 10 cm recovered. (The extent of Recovery after the 50% stretch in the data table here will than the percentage of the original sample length expressed up to which the tested samples recover. This is here referred to as the recovery percentage).

The inner sock is also like this designed that - if stretched the sample in the circumferential direction by 50% at 100 mm / minute and then enables her will recover at 100 mm / minute (taking a hysteresis curve caused) - the Load at 25% stretch during the recovery phase at least 60%, e.g. B. 60% to 80% of the load at 25% stretch during the stretching phase. (The relationship these load values are referred to herein as the degree of performance).

This properties of the inner sock make sure that the lock component doesn't stay stretched after pulled her on her foot and that the entire sock is recovering to fit tightly To provide wear on the foot.

The support fabric is at least 50% stretchable in the circumferential direction, but less than 50% in the Y direction (which is at right angles to the circumferential direction), which is the longitudinal direction or toe-to-calf direction in the sock. The membrane tilts if stretched too much, it tears and the supporting tissue holds the Membrane back, to stretch too much in the Y direction. The Y direction is the direction in which the sock is stretched the most during putting on and where it is most likely to tear the Membrane is coming. The locking component comes with the ability provided to stretch circumferentially by doing so with Ribs is provided so that it can adequately stretch in the X direction, without actually to stretch the material of the membrane itself. This form of deployment but leaves none Power left with the lock component on its own to its original Return shape and size can. About that the support fabric also tends to and the glue to it, a degree in resistance to that return to introduce the Spen component to its original shape and size.

As mentioned above, the extensive elastic ensure Recovery properties of the inner sock that the full sock to their original Return shape and size can and does when pulled onto the foot and surrender a tight fit.

This ripping of the spen component is achieved by placing the inner sock on a first stencil 250 (please refer 3A ) which has the same pocket-like shape as the shape created by the welding line 122 and the opening 123 (please refer 2 B ) is defined, but is somewhat smaller and therefore has such a size that the inner sock ( 2A ) laterally to at least 150% both in the area below the ankle, namely along the line C (in 2A ), as well as in the leg area above the ankle, namely along the line A (in 2A ), and also by at least this value for the ankle, namely along the line B (in 2A ), _S must stretch.

The oversized pocket-like Spen component 100 (please refer 2 B ) which is slightly larger than the template 250 is (just enough so that it does not stretch over the inner sock on the template 250 can be pulled) (and on the inner surface of which there are spots of heat-activated adhesive), is placed over the inner sock on the template 250 drawn. The adhesive points are activated and attach the flat, unstretched Spen component to the stretched inner sock. The composite material is removed from the stencil, wetted and dried to aid recovery of the inner sock. This recovers or shrinks back in the circumferential direction and induces ribbing in the spen component.

When the Spen component was initially manufactured, the outer surface thereof (the support fabric) also had heat-activated adhesive spots. The recovered inner sock with the ribbed Spen component is now on a second template 260 (please refer 3B ) which is narrower than the template 250 but wider than the intended final size of the sock. The outer sock (see 2C ) is pulled over the field and aligned heel to heel over the inner sock and the Spen component, and the adhesive centers are activated. The sock is then removed from the stencil 260 removed and wetted and dried so that the sock recovers to its final size due to the elastication.

This elasticity comes first from the inner sock.

So with the finished sock the inner sock in the recovered state is essentially neither compressed still stretched, although there was some stretching near the glue points and some compression in the areas between glue points will come. The locking component is ripped, with the ripples generally along the length the sock extend so that the sock extends radially extensively stretch the locking component can without an actual Stretching the membrane would be necessary. The outer sock is recovered also essentially compressed neither in a radial direction still stretched, although there was some stretching near the glue points again and some compression in the areas between the adhesive points will come, but this stretching and compression is not are going to be like that the outer sock appears wrinkled or visually unacceptable. Such a localized Compression is greater in the inner sock than in the outer sock, because they are stretched more during the assembly process has been.

The inner sock is preferably ribbed, the ribs extending along the length of the socks.

Now follows a presentation of the detailed Structure of the components described above.

inner sock 50

The preferred inner sock (see 2A ) is a knitted sock with a 1 × 1 false rib sandwich terry construction, knitted on a 168-needle circular knitting machine with a cylinder diameter of 10.16 cm (4 inches).

The leg and foot area are described first, then the heel and toe.

Leg and foot

The fiber composition consists of a 25-Tex cotton reinforcement yarn and a 14-Tex-Tactel ^TM (microfiber nylon) and is used for the terry loop and on the surface. The inserted yarn is a rubber core with a diameter of 0.254 mm, the one with two 13-Tex 20 filament structured nylon 66 Yarn is covered. The inserted yarn is in the knitted structure in every other row (area 71 ) and is in two 7 cm wide bands above and below the heel (area 70 ) inserted in each row. The areas 71 and 70 meet on the lines 72 and 73 (please refer 2A ) on each other. (This differential elasticization supports the fitting of the final sock). If desired, the lines can 72 and 73 be laid so that the band in the leg above line B extends up the sock, for example 12 cm, e.g. B. up to line A or beyond it. The band in the foot can extend the foot down a shorter distance, e.g. B. over 5 cm.

Accordingly, in this preferred embodiment, the elastic yarn is throughout the sock in each row in the area or region 70 and every other row in the areas or regions 71 inserted.

This insertion ensures that the sock fits snugly in all areas.

The ratio of the axial length (along the line lf ) of the area in which there is an insertion in each row above the ankle, to the axial length of such insertion below the ankle, can be in the This embodiment range from 1: 1 to 12: 5, ie from 1: 1 to 1.4: 1.

The rubber content of the rubber / nylon inlay yarn is 40 percent by weight. In the area 70 contains the inner sock 30 % By weight of the rubber / nylon yarn so that the rubber content of this range is consequently 12% by weight. In the area 71 contains the inner sock 20 % By weight of the rubber / nylon yarn, so that the rubber content of this range is consequently 8% by weight.

An inserted yarn is not a knitted thread in the fabric during the same knitting cycle is built in like the basic structure of knitted threads hold him in place. Inlaid yarns are therefore in the circumferential direction aligned if they – like in this case - on be knitted on a circular machine.

A single strand of the inserted Rubber / nylon yarn was used on the extensometer described above tested. The load at 50% elongation was 0.16N, and the recovery was complete d. H. the recovery percentage is 0 and the level of performance was high (more than 90%). The breaking load was 5.3N and the elongation at break 555%.

The socks are knitted to a final width of 9.5 cm leg and foot diameter, measured along lines A and C in 2A and assign the in 2A illustrated shape on where the heel 75 has an exaggerated bag shape.

Heel and toe

The heel and toe are knitted with 25 tex cotton and 29 tex Tactel ^™ yarn to give 15 rows per 2.54 cm (1 inch). The heel has a special "Y" configuration that rotates the foot of the sock 90 degrees with respect to the leg. Each leg of the "Y" is 2 cm long. Thus, with the help of the "Y" configuration, additional rows are knitted in, in order to make the heel appear more clearly and to make it bag-shaped.

2D is a schematic view of the rows in the heel section 75 of 2A and 2C , 2E is a schematic view of the arrangement of the needles 80 and the knitting sequence used to form the heel 75 be used.

Like from the 2D and 2E it can be seen that the "Y" configuration is knitted in six steps. In the first step 81 a number of rows are knitted as a leg width. The second step 82 is a narrowing phase in which needles 90 hold seams at the edge of the field. The third step 83 is a broadening phase. The fourth step 84 is a narrowing phase that the step 83 reflects. The fifth step 85 is a broadening phase, which is the step 82 reflects. The sixth step 86 knits a number of gradients with foot width.

Elastic yarn is only used in the Steps 81 and 86 inserted, and is inserted in each row.

The in the steps 81 and 86 The rows shown are exaggerated: in the structure in the knitted state, they lie essentially transversely to the leg or foot section of the sock.

At the toe, the narrowing set to 22/21 stitches to make a fairly pointed toe. The toe is closed by the connection or Rosso technique carried out, to maintain the flat seam that is required to damage the To avoid membrane.

The 4A - 4D are hysteresis curves of the inner sock. The 4A and 4B were on areas (area 71 ) measured where elastic yarn is inserted in every second row; 4A in the circumferential direction and 4B in the Y direction. The 4C and 4D be on areas (area 70 ) measured where elastic yarn is inserted in each row; 4C in the circumferential direction and 4D in the Y direction: The load at 50% elongation, the recovery percentage and the degree of performance are listed in Table 1.

They correspond in all tables Load values of the load in Newtons per 5 cm width.

Table 1

The 5A and 5B are elongation curves for the area 71 while Figures 5C and 5D are elongation curves for the area 70 are. The breaking load and elongation at break values are given in Table 2.

Table 2

BLOCKING DEVICE 100 - THE MEMBRANE 120

The preferred membrane 120 is a waterproof, breathable film manufactured by Porvair International Ltd. King's Lynn, England (and is designated as PORELLE (RTM) V, (hereinafter referred to as P5)) and has a thickness of 40 microns and weighs approximately 50 g / m ² . The membrane is a hydrophilic polyurethane and uses an absorption and desorption system to transfer water vapor without allowing water drops to enter. This membrane has a water vapor permeability index of 70-90% when measured in accordance with BS 7209, "The British Standard Specification for Water Vapor Permeable apparel fabries"["The British standard specification for water vapor permeable clothing fabrics"]. It withstands a hydrostatic peak pressure of more than 0.7 kg / cm ² (10 psi), measured on a Shirley hydrostatic peak tester according to BS3424 part 26: 1990: method 29A ; Determination of resistance to water penetration and surface wetting.

The 6A and 6B are hysteresis curves for the membrane in the X direction and the Y direction. The load at 50% elongation, the recovery percentage and the level of performance are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

The 6C and 6D are elongation curves for the membrane in the X and Y directions, the breaking load and elongation at break are given in Table 4.

Table 4

BLOCKING DEVICE 100 - SUPPORT TISSUE 140

The film is reinforced by lamination to a finely knitted polyester support fabric, the 38th Weighs grams / square meter (g / m ² ). It is a weft-inserted, mono-stretch warp knitted fabric made of 100% polyester, which is sold by Haensel GmbH under the name 1708E. This fabric is present to prevent the membrane from being stretched excessively in the Y direction while the sock is being pulled on and off.

7A is a hysteresis curve for the support fabric in the circumferential direction. When the fabric was stretched in the Y direction, it broke at 39% elongation, so a 50% hysteresis curve cannot be generated. The load at 50% elongation, the recovery percentage and the performance of the support fabric are shown in Table 5.

With reference to 7A Indeed, the curve begins at 0.0, but the material does not begin to stretch until a load of approximately 0.1N is applied.

Table 5

The 7C and 7D are fracture elongation curves of the support fabric in the circumferential direction and in the Y direction, the fracture load and the elongation load are given in Table 6.

Table 6

These values clearly show the Directional nature of the fabric. When connected to the membrane, can allow the membrane Stretch laterally (in the circumferential direction) to record at To help achieve a tight fit while restricting the longitudinal stretching of the membrane for damage on the membrane (e.g. holes) to prevent when the sock is pulled on the foot.

BLOCKING DEVICE 100 - the complete laminate

The membrane laminate 120 with the support fabric 140 represents the locking component 100 (please refer 1 ).

The laminate of the film and the support fabric are made of a polyamide-based thermoplastic adhesive 125 held together in dot form. The dots are created by applying the adhesive through a sieve that has a random pattern of openings 0.55 mm in diameter at a density of 52 per square centimeter. Both outer surfaces ( 121 and 141 ) of the laminate are also covered with adhesive points ( 55 and 145 ) coated, which are used to hold the sock together once it has been put together. It is necessary that the adhesive is interrupted, ie in a dot shape, so that the membrane can be ripped. The dots on the outer surfaces ( 121 and 141 ) are applied using a screen with a dot size of 0.65 mm with a spacing of 22 dots per square centimeter.

As mentioned above, the adhesive is disjoint. When applied, the points of the adhesive prove 125 for connecting the support fabric 140 with the membrane 120 approximately 12% of the floor area of the Spen component (ie when it is flat). The glue points 55 and 145 on the outer surfaces of the Spen component that serve the Spen component on the surfaces 51 and 201 to be attached, occupy approximately 7% of the floor area of the Spen component when applied (ie when it is flat). If exposed to heat and pressure during lamination, the spots of adhesive can easily increase in area.

The laminate resists a hydrostatic peak of more than 0.7 kg / cm ² (10 psi).

The laminate comes in oversized sock shapes (see 2 B ) cut; the leg diameter of 19 cm and a foot diameter of 14.7 cm, measured along lines A and C of 2 B , exhibit. The shape of the oversized sock shape is a graded curve from the toe to the "border" without heel position (see 2 B ). Pairs of these Spen component forms are welded together along their edges, membrane sides to form waterproof and breathable Spen components.

8A is a hysteresis curve for the Spen component in the X direction. The material did not perform the stretch cycle in the Y direction because it did not stretch to 50% and break at 230N. These data demonstrate the directional nature of the Spen component. As mentioned above, this is achieved by lamination of the membrane to the support fabric, which prevents excessive stretching of the membrane in the Y direction, which would damage the sock, when the sock is pulled on and off.

The load at 50% elongation, the recovery percentage and the level of performance are shown in Table 7. (There is none 8B ).

Table 7

The 8C and 8D are elongation curves for the locking component in the X and Y directions, with the breaking load and the elongation load given in Table 8.

Table 8

OUTER SOCK 200

The outer sock is a flat knitted sock, on a 168-needle circular knitting machine with a cylinder that is 10.16 cm (4 inches) in diameter has, with different compositions in the leg and foot and Heel and toe areas are created.

Leg and foot area

The fiber composition is one 25-tex cotton, air-mixed with a nylon / elastane yarn is plated. This elastic yarn is a 22dtex elastane core with 78dtex nylon 66. The core is loose with air-mixed nylon envelops. The plating is carried out that the cotton is on the outer surface of the sock.

The amount of elastane in the nylon / elastane yarn, the one in the outer sock is 6.5 weight percent. The outer sock contains 30% by weight of the nylon / elastane yarn. Thus, the outer sock contains approximately 2% elastane. The nylon / elastane yarn can be obtained from Wykes in Leicester, England, can be obtained under the designation 5005.

The nylon / elastane yarn was on the extensometer as described for the tissues. The Elongation by 50% only required a load of 0.05N, the recovery was complete (i.e. recovery percentage = 0%) and the level of performance was high (more than 90%).

The elongation test for this Nylon / elastane yarn gave a breaking load of 3.5N and an elongation at break of 350%.

The socks are knitted to a final width of 9.5 cm leg and foot diameter, measured at points A and C in 2C ,

Heel and toe

The heel and toe are with 25-tex cotton and 29-tex nylon knitted to 16 rows per 2.54 cm (1 inch). As far as the internal component is concerned the heel has a "Y" configuration on. Each leg of the "Y" is 2 cm long. The narrowing of the toe is set to 22/21. The toe is closed by the connection or Rosso technique executed to get the required flat seam.

mount

The outer sock comes with a straight edging 205 knitted, which is screwed in after the outer sock has been laminated to the locking component.

The 9A and 9B are hysteresis curves for the outer sock in the circumferential direction and the Y direction; load at 50% elongation, recovery percentage and performance are shown in Table 9.

Table 9

The 10A and 10B are elongation at break curves for the outer sock in the circumferential direction and in the Y direction; the breaking load and elongation at break are shown in Table 10.

Table 10

ASSEMBLY PROCEDURE OF THE STRUCTURE

The inner sock (see 2A ), with the terry side on the outside, over a template 250 stretched. The template 250 (please refer 3A ) is made of 3 mm thick plastic or metal. It has the same shape as the welded locking component (see 2 B ) and is only slightly smaller. The inner sock, which was originally 9.5 cm in diameter along the lines A and C (please refer 2A ) must therefore be along 155% C and along to 200% A stretch to over the stencil 250 to fit. The welded Spen component is pulled over the inner sock without stretching, with the support fabric facing outwards. It is tight.

This structure is inserted between layers of release paper and is in a flat bed press 30 Pressed for seconds at a glue surface temperature of 120 ° C and at a pressure of 1.4 kg / cm ² (20 psi). The purpose of the release liner paper is to prevent the adhesive spots on the outer surface of the support fabric of the barrier component from sticking to the press. The heat from the press softens the adhesive spots on the inner surface of the barrier component and makes it stick to the inner sock.

After this period the product removed from the press and rotated about 3 cm on the template. She'll be over again a period of 30 seconds at the same temperature and with the pressed the same pressure. The rotation of the product enables one Lamination of the material that during of the first pressing along the edges of the template.

The composite material is from the Stencil removed, soaked in water and dried. This promotes the elastic recovery of the inner sock, so that the locking component in the dry state in the intervals ribs between the points where it is attached to the inner sock has formed, this being the folding between the ribs in the ribbed construction.

The composite material is over a second template 260 stretched as in 3B shown. This template is made of the same material as the first, but has a different shape.

Instead of a smooth curve like in the case of the template 250 (please refer 3A ), becomes a heel shape 210 into the template 260 to rotate the foot toward the position the sock occupies when worn. The dimensions of the template 260 are 13 cm at C (the foot) and 15.5 cm at A (the leg) when along the lines C and A in 3B measured. The outer sock is pulled over the composite material, with the cotton side facing all the way out. The heel of the outer sock is aligned with the heel of the inner sock and the material is adjusted so that it is evenly distributed around the plate.

This structure is pressed in a flat bed press over a period of 30 seconds at a glue surface temperature of 120 ° C. and at a pressure of 1.4 kg / cm ² (20 psi). It is removed, the composite material is rotated on the template as before and pressed again.

After pressing, the laminated Remove sock from stencil, wash in water at 40 ° C and treated with a cationic fabric conditioner to make the Improve handling of the finished sock. Then it is dried. The sock recovers to its final size due to elasticization.

The edging of the outer sock is screwed in so that its edge matches the edge of the inner sock and the Spen component covers, and it is using a blind edging machine sewn into position using a polyester thread.

THE WATERPROOF AND BREATHABLE SOCK

The finished sock resists a hydrostatic tip of more than 0.7 kg / cm ² (10 psi).

The full sock had a water vapor permeability index of 50-60% than it did according to BS3424 part 34 1992: Procedure 37 : "Determination of Water Vapor Permability Index".

The sock has a leg width of 9.5 cm and a foot width of 9.5 cm, as along the lines A and C in 2C measured.

Table 11 shows the leg, foot and heel-to-ankle widths the components and templates as well as the finished sock.

Table 11

The dimensions AI, BI and CI apply for the Inner sock; AO, BO and CO for the outer sock.

As can be seen in Table 11, the inner sock at A stretches from 9.5 to 18.8, ie the increase at AI is 198%; at C from 9.5 to 14.5, ie the increase at CI is to 153%; at B from 12 up 18.2, ie the increase in BI is to 152%. With reference to Table 11 it can also be seen that the outer sock at A stretches from 9.5 to 15.5, ie the increase at AO is to 163%; at C from 9.5 to 13, ie the increase at CO is to 137%; at B from 12 to 16.2, ie the increase at BO is 13 5%.

The AO / AI ratio is thus a percentage increase for AO (63%) to AI (98%) 0.64: 1, the ratio CO / CI is 37/53 or 0.7: 1, and the ratio BO / BI is 35/52 or 0.67: 1. In general, the ratios are AO / AI, CO / CI and BO / BI desirably each in the range from 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1 or 0.3: 1 to 0.8: 1. If the outer sock is stretched too much, it is crumpled and given itself the exterior of the Sock has an unacceptable appearance. If the outer sock is not stretched enough, it prevents the locking component is able to stretch enough to properly use the ribbing, d. H. the sock can no longer be easily pulled over the heel.

The 11A . 11B . 11C and 11D are hysteresis curves for the full sock; the 11A and 11B represent the area of the sock where the inner sock is in every other row (ie in the area 71 ) has elastic yarns in the circumferential direction and in the Y direction. The 11C and 11D represent the area of the sock where the inner sock is in each row (ie in the area 70 ) has elastic yarns in the circumferential direction and in the Y direction. The load values at 50% elongation, the recovery percentage and the level of performance are shown in Table 12.

Table 12

The 11E . 11F . 11G and 11H correspond to the 11A to 11D and are elongation at break curves. Table 13 shows the breaking load and elongation at break.

Table 13

It will be found that the inner sock and the outer sock are knitted and that in this particular embodiment both are circular knitted socks.

It is also used in this embodiment it is determined that the inner sock has elastic yarns, which are inserted in the circumferential direction, the outer sock is circular knitted from yarn, some of which contain elastic.

The amount of elastic yarn in the inner sock is larger than the one in the outer sock.

It will also be found that the elastic yarn does not have to be inserted in every row, and in fact, the frequency of the insert vary from area to area in the sock.

example 2

Socks as described below have been subjected to wear tests more than 200 hours of wear and tear Survived 10 accompanying wash cycles, while they have retained their dimensions from the state of knitting, so that the length (A) (for the leg) namely at 9.5 cm and the length (C) (at the foot) remained at 9.5 cm. Moreover the same socks carry a load after such use 50% elongation of only 6.1N was shown, compared to 5.4 for socks before use, which are manufactured according to the same specifications recovery rate was 6% compared to 4% for socks before use, which are manufactured according to the same specifications and a performance level of 50% compared to 63% for socks before use, which are manufactured according to the same specifications were.

inner sock

The leg and foot were knitted with 14-Tex nylon with 25-Tex cotton, which was used for the terry loop and on the surface. The elastication was as in the example 1 , the area 70 however, 7 cm up the leg and 5 cm along the foot. The socks were knitted to a finished width of 9.5 cm leg and foot diameter, measured along lines A and C, as in the example 1 ,

The heel and toe were knitted with 25-tex cotton and 29-tex nylon and had a terry construction. As in example 1 , they were knitted to give 15 rows per 2.54 cm.

The Y heel and the toe constrictions were as in example 1 ,

The lock component was as in example 1 ,

outer sock

The outer sock was a flat knitted sock made on a 200-needle circular knitting machine with a cylinder diameter of 9.53 cm (3.75 inches). The leg and foot were as in example 1 and knitted to a final width of 9.5 cm for leg and foot, measured along lines A and C as in the example 1 ,

The heel and toe were knitted with 25-tex cotton and 29-tex nylon and had a full terry construction. They were knitted to give 17-18 rows per 2.54 cm. The Y heel and the toe constrictions were as in example 1 ,

assembly

The assembly procedure was similar to that in example 1 was specified, except that the inner sock was pulled over the first stencil so that the terry loop pointed against the stencil. A continuous press was used to activate the adhesive.

After the final lamination, the sock was removed from the second template and with a cationic fabric softener 20 Treated at 45 ° C for minutes.

In addition, the socks remained waterproof and had no holes. With these socks there was elastic yarn in the area 70 inserted in each course. Equivalent socks that were made without the support fabric had holes soon after they started to be used and were therefore no longer waterproof after a few cycles of putting on, wearing, removing and washing.

Equivalent socks made according to the same Specifications, but made without the inlaid elastic yarn have no elastic properties that they do bring to rest on the width of the ankle after it while of putting the sock on the long heel was stretched. Such socks don't fit snugly if they are new and are even less tight after they have been made several times worn and washed. If these socks are made small enough to be close to the ankle then you can they are not tightened because the force that is required around the sock stretching the heel is too big and probably either damage to the sock or one Injury to the wearer leads.

Examples 3-5

Composite socks according to the invention were made from inner socks and outer socks different from those in Example 1 have been used. The properties of the composite socks in the as-made state prior to their use are set out in Table 14 below

Table 14

The sock A is a 1 × 1 false rib construction, without terry. It was knitted on a 156-needle circular knitting machine with a cylinder diameter of 8.9 cm (3.5 inches). The fiber composition was 1 / 30s Nm polyester (Coolmax - trademark) coated with 1 / 70s Nm nylon (leg and foot) and 1 / 30s Nm polyester (Coolmax - trademark) coated with 2 / 70s Nm nylon (heel and toe) , The rubber elastic yarn was a Wykes 100s rubber core, covered with two 1/78 Nm, 20 filament structured nylon 66 Yarns that were inserted in each course. The sock was knitted to a final width of 9 cm leg and foot diameter, measured along lines A and C.

Sock B is a 1 × 1 false rib sandwich terry construction. It was knitted on a 168-needle circular knitting machine with a 10 cm (4 inch) cylinder diameter. The fiber composition was 1/24 Ne cotton reinforcing yarn with 1/70 Nm nylon (Tactel trademark) used for the terry loop and on the surface (leg and foot), and 1/24 Ne cotton and 2/70 Nm nylon (Tactel trademark ) (Heel and toe). The rubber elastic yarn was a Wykes 100s rubber core, covered with two 1/78 Nm, 20 filament structured nylon 66 Yarns that were inserted in each course.

The sock was made to a final width of 9.5 cm leg and foot diameter knitted, measured along lines A and C.

The sock C is a flat knit construction. It was made on a 168-needle circular knitting machine knitted with a 10 cm (4 inch) cylinder diameter. The fiber composition as well as the leg and foot area as well as the heel and toe area was 1/24 Ne cotton yarn with 2/70 Nm nylon reinforcement yarn. This sock contains no rubber elastic yarn.

The sock was made to a final width of 9.5 cm leg and foot diameter knitted, measured along lines A and C.

It will be recognized that the Structure of the socks of the present invention is such that it is in the Socks themselves (apart from the toe inclusion) there are no seams and that there is only a single weld in the Spen component gives. As a result, no seams and quilting seams connected with adhesive strips are necessary, this increases the comfort of the sock on the foot. The risk of friction, Blisters or discomfort due to the presence of stitching and seams connected with adhesive strips, as used in the known art avoided.

Since the seam is not quilted, also the risk that due to inadequate application of the Adhesive tape to leakage is avoided.

Claims (15)

Composite sock consisting of an inner sock ( 50 ), a pocket-like Spen component ( 100 ), which is impermeable to liquid water and permeable to water vapor, and an outer sock ( 200 ), wherein the inner sock is fastened to the spen component, the spen component is fastened to the outer sock, the fastenings being designed in such a way that they permit extensive stretching of the sock, characterized in that the fastenings are designed in this way that they allow the composite sock to be stretched extensively up to at least 50% expansion and that the inner sock and the outer sock are ring-shaped knitted socks, the inner sock or the outer sock or both elastic yarns ( 60 ) which have tracks running in the circumferential direction ( 65 ) are inserted, that is to say extensively in relation to the sock, so that the ability of the sock, when stretched laterally, to develop back into its or its original, unstretched shape and its dimensions in an unstretched form is improved. Composite sock according to claim 1, characterized in that elastic yarns ( 60 ) at least in the area of the ankle ( 42 ) in a number of circumferential paths ( 65 ) are inserted. Composite sock according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic yarns ( 60 ) the entire sock is inserted. Composite sock according to claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the elastic yarns ( 60 ) in each circumferential path ( 65 ) or in every second circumferential path ( 65 ), at least in the area of the ankle ( 42 ) or are inserted through the entire sock. Composite sock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spen component ( 100 ) made of a membrane impermeable to liquid water, permeable to water vapor ( 12 ) consisting of a support fabric ( 140 ) is reinforced, the Spen component being ribbed in the non-stretched state ( 135 ) so that it can stretch the inner sock ( 50 ) and the outer sock ( 200 ) can stretch during stretching, the Spen component being limited by the support fabric when stretching in the toe-to-calf lengthwise direction, which does not affect the circumferential expansion of the ribbed locking component. Composite sock according to claim 5, characterized in that the support fabric ( 140 ) is stretchable in the toe-to-calf direction (also referred to herein as the Y direction) by less than 50%. Composite sock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer surface ( 51 ) the inner sock ( 50 ) on the inner surface ( 121 ) the lock component ( 100 ) by spaced points of adhesive ( 55 ) is attached, the outer surface ( 141 ) the lock component ( 100 ) on the inner surface ( 201 ) the outer sock ( 200 ) by spaced points of adhesive ( 145 ) is attached and that the membrane ( 120 ) by spaced points of adhesive ( 125 ) on the support fabric ( 140 ) is attached. Composite sock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner sock ( 50 ) or the outer sock ( 200 ) or both elastomeric yarn ( 60 ) which can be divided into a number of annular tracks ( 65 ) at least in the area of the ankle ( 42 ) is inserted, and that the inserted elastomeric yarn ensures a firm fit of the sock on the foot and leg of the wearer. Composite sock according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that - if a sample taken from the leg ( 47 ) the composite sock immediately above the ankle ( 42 ) is taken, this sample has the dimensions of 5 cm by 10 cm and the dimension of 10 cm is oriented in the circumferential direction - on a strain gauge at 100 mm per minute to 15 cm in length, ie by 50%, and if the sample is allowed to recover at 100 mm / minute, the load at 25% stretch during the recovery phase (referred to herein as the level of performance) is at least 50% of the load at 25% stretch during the stretch phase. Composite sock according to claim 9, characterized in that the Load to stretch the sample in the circumferential direction to 50% elongation (referred to herein as 50% strain) less than 15 N per 5 cm width. Composite sock according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that when the tensile load is released in such a way that the Sample recovered at 100 mm / minute, the sample recovered to 12.5% of its original length of 10 cm recovered (referred to herein as the recovery percentage). Composite sock according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the 50% elongation load of the composite sock is below 7.5 N, whereby the recovery percentage is within 7.5% and the level of performance is at least 60%. Composite sock according to claim 12, characterized in that the 50% elongation load of the composite sock is less than 5 N, the Recovery percentage is within 5% and the level of performance is in the range of 65 to 95%. Process for the production of a composite sock, which comprises a ring-shaped inner sock ( 50 ) and a circular knitted outer sock ( 200 ) to a desired size, the inner sock and the outer sock being knitted in a ring shape and the inner sock or the outer sock or both having elastic yarns which are inserted in circumferential paths, i.e. circumferentially with respect to the sock, preferably each sock the same size, with the inner sock on an oversized pocket-like first template ( 250 ) is pulled so that the inner sock is circumferentially at the foot position ( C ), the ankle position ( B ) and the leg position ( A ) is stretched to at least 150% of its knitted size, using a pocket-like spen component ( 100 ) is created which is impermeable to liquid water and allows water vapor to pass through, the Spen component having the same shape as the first stencil but being slightly larger than this so that it can be pulled over the inner sock onto the first stencil, with dots from activatable adhesive ( 55 ) are attached or have been attached to the inner sock or to the Spen component, wherein the Spen component is pulled over the inner sock and the adhesive is activated so that it secures the inner sock to the inner sock at spaced positions, the composite piece from the first stencil is removed, and the composite is treated to facilitate the recovery of the inner sock to its knitted dimensions, e.g. B. by wetting and drying, the structure using an oversized second template ( 260 ) which has lower values of (A), (B) and (C) than the pocket-like first stencil and which has a sock-like shape, the second stencil being designed such that the inner sock is stretched at A, B and C is less than the stretching that was done on the first template, with dots of activatable adhesive ( 145 ) are or have been applied to the Spen component or the outer sock, the outer sock being pulled over the Spen component on the second template and the adhesive being activated to secure the outer sock to the Spen component at spaced positions, the remove the entire sock from the second template and treat the composite so that it facilitates the recovery of the sock to its knitted dimensions. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the relationship of growth in size at position A for the outer sock (AO) to increase in size at position A for the inner sock (AI) is in the range from 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1, the relationship of growth in size at position B for the outer sock (BO) to increase in size at position B for the inner sock (BI) in the range from 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1 and the ratio of the increase in size at position C for the outer sock (CO) to increase in size at position C for the inner sock (CI) is in the range of 0.2: 1 to 0.9: 1.