DE6602017U - THROTTLE DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

Stahlwerke BrUnlnghaus GmbH,

Westhofen / Westf. January 6, 1969

66/2405 R / Like.

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Throttle device

The innovation relates to a throttle device with an adjustable Throttle device for throttling the pressure medium flow through a pressure medium line, especially for oil hydraulic devices or similar.

The conventional throttle devices, when used in hydraulic actuating or drive systems or the like. the disadvantage that when the pressure medium (oil) is cold, the pressure damping caused by the throttle is too strong and accordingly the actuating or drive movements are too sluggish, while with hot pressure medium the pressure medium evaporation is too small, so that vibrations are transmitted to the hydraulic system. The reason for this undesirable The phenomenon is that the damping achieved with the throttle on the viscosity of the pressure medium and accordingly on the temperature, binds the temperatures in a hydraulic system Subject to fluctuations, as is the case with hydrostatic drives, for example is the case, the conventional throttle devices cannot provide the desired one in every operating state Achieve cushioning.

There is another disadvantage of the known throttle devices in the fact that with a high degree of damping (3tarian throttle effect) the high pressure amplitudes (high pressure surges) are effectively damped, while the damping of the small pressure amplitudes is poor is because the flow rate q of pressure medium through the throttle is proportional to the square root of the pressure p, the degree of damping of the throttle on the other hand, it corresponds to the ratio p / q.

The innovation is based on these disadvantages of the known To eliminate throttle devices and an improved

To create throttle device of simple construction, with the the temperature dependency of the damping and / or the amplitude dependency of the damping is automatically compensated for during operation. Furthermore, the invention aims to prepare a throttle device so that it is also effective in the event of a change in the direction of flow and that the throttle is self-cleaning from any deposits takes place.

According to Neuaxing, this exists to compensate for the temperature dependency the throttle the throttle cross-section controlled temperature-dependent throttle body made of a material with high thermal expansion. The throttle member is arranged in such a way that, when heated, it becomes narrower in the throttle cross-section expands.

In order to achieve the greatest possible temperature expansion of the throttle member Temperature fluctuations and thus a high sensitivity To achieve the temperature-dependent throttle control, the throttle element preferably consists of a rod, pipe or piston-shaped organ, the dimension of which in the direction of its longitudinal axis is several times greater than a dimension in the transverse direction. It is recommended here to manufacture the throttle element from a material that has a significantly higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the material of the throttle gap on the opposite side delimiting wall part or of the housing receiving the throttle element.

The throttle element can be made, for example, of brass or a material commercially available under the trademark "Dural" or another metal with a similarly high coefficient of thermal expansion. Cast iron or an iron-nickel alloy with about 0.64 % iron and 0.36% nickel or another material with a similarly low coefficient of thermal expansion can be used for the housing of the throttle element.

According to another, in itself independent feature. 1 of the innovation is to compensate for the influence of the pressure amplitude on the

Damping effect of the throttle at the throttle gap .ine of aen. through-flowing pressure medium acted upon, the Drossolnutrschnitt pressure-dependent controlling movable membrane or the like. arranged * The membrane is. expediently adjustable in a holder stored.

Both in the case of the temperature dependence and in the case of To compensate for the amplitude dependency of the damping, it is advisable to use a piston-like throttle body as the throttle device to be provided, the end face of which lies in the throttle gap or this is limited laterally and which is provided with a passage channel for the pressure medium which opens out at this end face. Included can eier Fs.-ipensation of the amplitude dependence of the Throttle serving diaphragm be stored at a small distance in front of the mouth of the piston-like body, so that they the other Forms boundary wall of the throttle gap.

In order to achieve a throttling effect in every direction of flow of the pressure medium through the throttle and at the same time self-cleaning of the throttle when the direction of flow of the pressure medium changes, according to a further feature of the innovation, the piston-like throttle element is mounted in the housing so that it can be displaced in its longitudinal direction under the pressure of the incoming pressure medium . Is preferably in the arrangement such that, *% ß the piston-like throttle element a having longitudinally extending through it on its two end surfaces leading-pressure fluid channel, whereby in each case in a provided with a Druckmittelansehlui Chamber he liogt at its two end sides in the housing a versteilbarer throttle gap . The piston-like throttle member is displaceably mounted in such a way that with each flow direction of the pressure medium only one of these two: - "throttle gaps is effective.

In the drawing is an advantageous embodiment cer according to the innovation Drosselvoirichtung shown in longitudinal section.

The throttle device often has a housing 1 which has a central bore 2 for a piston-like throttle element - The hole 2 opens with eyelets ends in -

J. ■ ίΛ

Kamn.er * ^ or na, which via a <iuerkanal;. or ^ a ar. ? .i - Druokii. central lines of the hydraulic system connected _i :: _ ;. In cie ~ ur end face of the Grnäuses open towards Karjnern 4 j, '- .. Λ -a 1st each a plug 6 Ό zw screwed 6a.. The c ^ _: _: he. , an axial bore .eisen au ", egg in a Steilsclirau- _ '■ or Yc'; η is screwed to the end face of the chambers Acdicntuag and 4a are attached to the screws and the stopper 6 and _t Dijhtringe Oa arranged... I.

The adjusting screws 7 and "Yes. Have a holder 9 or 9 or 9a at their end located in a chamber 4 or" a, in which a membrane "C or 1 a is clamped. The two membranes 10 and 10a Lie i2 η with their surfaces at a distance from the Kündungen 11 and 11a t-iner central longitudinal bore 12 of the piston-like throttle element; . On the back of the membranes 10 and 10a, the adjusting screws have a bore 13 or 1 ^, a, which each have a guide 14 or 14a with the associated chamber 4 or 4a ii. Connection.

Li.'i bulb-like throttle organ j> has at its end a Ι - .. ^. 'Ütüc'K I ^ or 15a. The head pieces form stops that. .. jj üci dr Vei'shift of the piston-like throttle organ against 1. r'j. j .-. w'irtik, *; Chamber wall 16 or. 1b a ar.l>; £.?.. (F · - The Abbtana eggs, r.::t'ir Ansj.ala _t - b ^ w back surfaces of the head pieces i t cjr ^ ier ...;.:. i: L'in; each of the hole 2, so daii the koibenartio ». r L ^: in ^, direction can move.

: ■ , 1 jn ^ licn, i ^ t aie throttle device, i- »yn.ntt table det, so that a throttle effect is created in both flow directions.

Dao kolbenarti _& e throttle organ j> has a length which is about a mnri'ajatiS ^ riier than its diameter. It is made with a 'rnät'-ri'-i, which has a high coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, it is made of brass n

The housing 1 of the throttle element, on the other hand, is made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, for example cast iron or an alloy such as an iron-nickel alloy with 0.64 % iron and 0.6% nickel.

The throttle device works as follows:

It is assumed that aas pressure medium in the direction of arrow P the Throttle device flows in and leaves it in arrow direction Pa. The pressure medium entering the chamber 4 via the transverse channel 5 pushes the piston-like throttle member jp so far to the left (in the position shown) until the back surface of the head piece 15 comes to a stop on the rear wall 16 of the chamber 4. At this Adjusting movement, the throttle gap S in the chamber 4 is opened and the throttle gap Sa in the chamber 4a to the normal cross-section set. The pressure medium now flows, without being throttled, through the chamber 4 and the bore 12 to the annular Throttle gap Sa, which lies between the membrane 10a and the annular end face of the head piece 1;> a. Behind the Throttle point, the throttled pressure medium leaves the throttle device via the transverse channel ^ a.

If the pressure medium heats up, the piston-like one expands Throttle body jj in its longitudinal direction stronger than the housing 1. This leads to the fact that the Dross *; Isjjalt Sa in cross section is decreased. The Erosse cross section is thus with increasing temperature. The temperature dependence of the The pressure damping brought about by the throttle is therefore in operation compensated.

With the assumed Durcnflußrishtau & wira the diaphragm fully loaded th 10a of the emerging from the orifice 11a, ungedrosse ¹ leverage. Since the diaphragm 10a is acted upon on its rear side via the transverse bore 14a of the lower pressure prevailing behind the throttle, the diaphragm 10a bends more or less strongly in the direction of flow, depending on the size of the pressure difference, whereby the width of the throttle gap and

-D-

accordingly the effective throttle size: 'cut pressure-dependent so can be controlled that with a larger D;: * uck (high pressure amplitude) a larger throttle cross-section and:> at lower pressures (smaller Pressure amplitudes) correspondingly smaller throttle cross-sections are available. It is thereby achieved that the through j fiun quantity q through ien throttle gap i: i a certain size- j range is approximately proportional to the pressure of the pressure medium (constant degree of damping of the throttle).

When the pressure changes, the pressure medium flows through the inlet 5a the throttle device to. The pressure medium entering the chamber 4a pushes the piston-like throttle element 3 under open the throttle gap Sa and at the same time produce the throttle gap S to the right until the back surface of the Head piece 1 ^ a comes into abutment on the chamber back viajnd i6a. The throttling is now carried out in the manner described above the throttle gap S.

With the aid of the adjusting screws 7 and 7a, the throttle column S and Sa can be set independently of one another for each flow direction.

The displacement of the piston-like throttle organ.s 3 leg. Change the direction of flow of the pressure medium has to be denied. the advantage, that any deposits, such as e.g. Metal debris and the like are released from the throttle member, so that d £ S3 can be guided by the printing medium flow Pb. The inventive The throttle device is therefore self-cleaning.

It is understood that the throttle device shown in the drawing can also be used if no temperature compensation has been carried out due to the appropriate selection of materials will. On the other hand, the throttle device can also be used without the one used to compensate for the dependence on the amplitude Use membranes if you only want to compensate for the temperature dependency of the damping.

Protection claims:

- ΡβίΆ ~ I ~

Claims (11)

-) - 7 protection claims: 1. Throttle device with an adjustable throttle device for Throttling of the pressure medium flow through a pressure communication line, in particular for hydraulic devices or the like., thereby characterized that to Konnpensati on the temperature dependence of the throttle dc-s the throttle cross-section (S) temperature-dependent regulating throttle body O) from one Material with high Viärmeausdehnune: consists and so arranged int that, when heated, there is a narrowing of the Throttle cross-section (S) expands. 2. Throttle device according to claim Λ, characterized in that the throttle element O) consists of a rod-like, tubular or piston-like element, the dimensions of which in the direction of its longitudinal axis are several times greater than its dimensions in the transverse direction. j5.> Throttle device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the throttle element O) is made of a material that has a significantly greater coefficient of thermal expansion has than the material of the throttle gap (S) delimiting on the opposite side Wall part or of the housing (1) receiving the throttle element. 4. Throttle device according to one d ^ r claims 1 to jü, characterized marked there. ' the throttle body O) made of brass or a metal with similarly high levels. Coefficient of thermal expansion is made. ■ j. Throttle device according to tine.x of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the housing (1) of the throttle element. O) of cast iron, iron-eirer NiCicellegierung with about 0.64 f> Iron & ö, ^ 6% nickel odor of a material with a similarly low coefficient of thermal expansion is made. 6 "Throttle device:" in particular according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at cen. Throttle gap (S) one acted upon by the pressure medium flowing through, the pressure-dependent movable diaphragm (10) controlling the throttle cross-section is arranged. 7 throttle device according to claim 6, characterized in that that the membrane (10) is mounted on a holder (9) so that it can be adjusted. 8. Throttle device according to one of claims 1 to '-j or according to claim 6 or J, characterized gekennzeiennet that a piston-like throttle body (3) is provided as the throttle member, the end face of which lies in the throttle gap (^) and which has one on this end face opening ^ "passage channel (12) is provided for the pressure medium. 9- throttle device according to one of claims 6 to o, characterized characterized in that the membrane (10) is reduced Distance in front of the mouth of the passage channel (12) of the koltn Body (3) is stored. 10. Throttle device according to one of claims 6 to 9, daaui'cn e-ek '": aw.eijnnet that the membrane (10) on its rear side facing the throttle gap (o) from the pressure ninter the throttle gap (o) o ^ au fs c hl aft is. 11. Drusselvorrichtu.ir, according to a ^ n oatx ^ nie .ar ^ con of claims 1 to 1c, cfGaPjn i '^ k' nnzei: mnet, u £ -ß carrion-like DrosseloiiTr. (;) ui.t, tr aei; Druok des zuatr ^ n.cnaen pressure medium in i, ..vr LKr. ^ & Richtun »; wrsjhitobsr _& stored 1st. ^. Throttle device according to claim 11, characterized in that the displaceably mounted piston-like throttle element (3) extends along a lengthwise ciuruh inn ex'-εtrccKendtn, on its two end faces moi-de-nden Durcnlaßicanei (12) and ⁵ Λη its two. η Front sides · ir. adjustable Drcsselspalt (S, Sa) in a ndt a DruoK.iT.iot »ianscrilua (-, ', ^ a) provided chamber (^, ^ a) £ n _e eoran ( _: t ist», ur \ c daü aas ,. .υ .iia: ^ i _{; j} > throttle element (/>) is displaceable so ^ elarert that depending on the pressure direction of the pressure medium only
a diLeader both throttle gaps & lte (S ^ Sa) is effective. . Throttle device according to claim 12, characterized in that Öö in both chambers \ k, tfä.) Aes housing (1) jevi ^ ils eias Independently adjustable membrane (10, 10a) in front of the front opening; of the orifice channel (12), the throttle member ) lies.