DE646006C - Process for the production of active material for positive electrodes in alkaline batteries - Google Patents
Process for the production of active material for positive electrodes in alkaline batteriesInfo
- Publication number
- DE646006C DE646006C DET41375D DET0041375D DE646006C DE 646006 C DE646006 C DE 646006C DE T41375 D DET41375 D DE T41375D DE T0041375 D DET0041375 D DE T0041375D DE 646006 C DE646006 C DE 646006C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- oxygen compounds
- metals
- positive electrodes
- alkaline batteries
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N gadolinium atom Chemical compound [Gd] UIWYJDYFSGRHKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical group [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYRVEAPTWYNOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Cd] Chemical compound [Fe].[Cd] WBYRVEAPTWYNOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVKULGETAMPSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Hg] Chemical compound [Fe].[Hg] IOVKULGETAMPSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002999 depolarising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/24—Electrodes for alkaline accumulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/049—Manufacturing of an active layer by chemical means
- H01M4/0497—Chemical precipitation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/76—Containers for holding the active material, e.g. tubes, capsules
- H01M4/765—Tubular type or pencil type electrodes; tubular or multitubular sheaths or covers of insulating material for said tubular-type electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Description
Als aktives Material für die ρ ositivien Elektroden von alkalischen Akkumulatoren werden hauptsächlich. Oxyde oder Oxydhydrate von Nickel und Kobalt verwendet. Die Kapazität der bisher hergestellten positiven Elektroden, die solche Sauerstoffverbindungen enthalten, ist aber pro Gewichts- oder Volumeneinheit bei weitem nicht so jp-oß wie die Kapazität des aktiven Materials der negativen Elektrode. Für die Kapazität des Akkumulators pro Gewichts- oder Volumeneinheit ist deshalb die Kapazität der Anode ausschlaggebend, und es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, die Aktivität des Anodenmaterials und damit auch die Kapazität des Akkumulators erheblich zu steigern.As an active material for the ρ positive electrodes of alkaline storage batteries are mainly used. Oxides or hydrated oxides used by nickel and cobalt. The capacity of the positive electrodes produced so far, which contain such oxygen compounds, but is per unit weight or volume nowhere near as jp-oß as the capacity of the active material of the negative electrode. For the capacity of the accumulator The capacity of the anode is therefore decisive per unit of weight or volume, and it is the object of the invention to considerably increase the activity of the anode material and thus also the capacity of the accumulator to increase.
Es ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, dem Depolarisator für galvanische Primär- oder Sekundärelemente mit neutralem oder alkalischein Elektrolyt zur Erhöhung der Nutzkapazität Verbindungen oder Gemische der Verbindungen der seltenen Erden oder der Metalle der Titangruppe in weniger als 5 0/0 des depolarisierenden Stoffes zuzusetzen.It has already been proposed that the depolarizer for galvanic primary or Secondary elements with neutral or alkaline electrolyte to increase the useful capacity Compounds or mixtures of the compounds of the rare earths or the metals of the titanium group in less than 5% add the depolarizing substance.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich demgegenüber auf ein besonderes Verfahren zur Herstellung von aktivem Material für positive Elektroden von alkalischen Akkumulatoren, das als Hauptbestandteil Sauerstoffverbindungen (Oxyde oder Oxydhydrate) von Nickel und/oder Kobalt und außerdem katalytisch wirkende Sauerstoffverbindungen von einem oder mehreren Metallen 'enthält, und besteht darin, daß 'das aktive Material aus einer gemeinsamen Lösung von Salzen der Metalle Nickel und/oder Kobalt und Salzen der katalytisch wirkenden Metalle ausgefällt wird.In contrast, the invention relates to a special method of production of active material for positive electrodes of alkaline batteries, which is the main component Oxygen compounds (oxides or oxide hydrates) of nickel and / or cobalt and also catalytically active Contains oxygen compounds of one or more metals, and consists in that 'the active material from a common solution of salts of the metals nickel and / or cobalt and salts of the catalytically active metals is precipitated.
Durch diese gemeinsame Ausfällung findet gegenüber einer rein mechanischen Mischung eine äußerst gleichmäßige Verteilung der Sauerstoffverbindungen des Katalysators in dem aktiven Anodenmaterial statt, wodurch der Katalysator besser zur Wirkung kommt und dementsprechend die Nutzkapazität beträchtlich gesteigert wird.This joint precipitation takes place over a purely mechanical mixture an extremely even distribution of the oxygen compounds in the catalyst the active anode material instead, whereby the catalyst comes into better effect and accordingly the useful capacity is increased considerably.
Das aktive Anodenmaterial kann dabei als Katalysator Sauerstoffverbindungen von einem oder mehreren der Metalle Zirkonium, Thorium, Cer, Lanthan, Praseodym, Neodym, Samarium, Gadolinium, Erbium und Yttrium enthalten. Als besonders zweckmäßig hat es sich erwiesen, eine oder mehrere 'dieser Sauerstoffverbindungen als Oxydhydrate auszufällen. The active anode material can act as a catalyst for oxygen compounds or more of the metals zirconium, thorium, cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, Contains gadolinium, erbium and yttrium. It has proven to be particularly expedient to use one or more of these oxygen compounds precipitate as hydrated oxides.
Wegen der Schwierigkeit, diese Metalle voneinander zu trennen, sind die chemisch reinen Produkte sehr teuer. Es wurde aber beobachtet, daß die technischen Produkte, die aus einer Mischung der Oxyde oder Oxydhydrate der.verschiedenen seltenen Erden be-Because of the difficulty in separating these metals, they are chemical pure products very expensive. However, it has been observed that the technical products that from a mixture of the oxides or oxide hydrates of the various rare earths
stehen, zusammen mit Sauerstoffverbindungen von Nickel oder Kobalt sich ebenso verhalten wie jedes tier reinen Metalloxyde in Mischung mit Sauerstoffverbindungen von Nickel,. odgp Kobalt. \"Γstand, together with oxygen compounds of nickel or cobalt behave in the same way like every animal pure metal oxides in a mixture with oxygen compounds of nickel ,. odgp Cobalt. \ "Γ
In bekannter Weise kann das aus i gemeinsamen Lösung ausgefällte aktive ^a-: terial mit einem gut leitenden Material gemischt werden, z. B. mit Metallsplittern (Metallflocken) oder Graphit oder beiden. Um die Porosität der Masse zu steigern, können in bekannter Weise porositätserzeugende Materialien, z. B. Dextrin, zugesetzt werden. Die erhaltene Masse wird zwischen perforierten Bändern oder in einem anderen geeigneten Behälter aus reinem Nickel oder vernickeltem Eisen eingeschlossen. In dieser Weise hergestellte Anoden können mit Kathoden bekannter Art kombiniert werden, z. B. mit den gewöhnlichen Eisen - Quecksilber - Kathoden oder Eisen-Kadmium-Kathoden, und so einen Akkumulator bilden.In known manner, the precipitated from solution i common active ^ can a-: TERIAL be mixed with a highly conductive material, such. B. with metal splinters (metal flakes) or graphite or both. In order to increase the porosity of the mass, porosity-generating materials such. B. dextrin, can be added. The mass obtained is enclosed between perforated tapes or in another suitable container made of pure nickel or nickel-plated iron. Anodes produced in this way can be combined with cathodes of known types, e.g. B. with the usual iron - mercury - cathodes or iron-cadmium cathodes, and thus form an accumulator.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE414286X | 1932-12-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE646006C true DE646006C (en) | 1937-06-07 |
Family
ID=20309604
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DET41375D Expired DE646006C (en) | 1932-12-19 | 1932-09-22 | Process for the production of active material for positive electrodes in alkaline batteries |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE646006C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR765818A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB414286A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1000889B (en) * | 1954-01-29 | 1957-01-17 | Klaus Storp Dr Rer Nat | Alkaline accumulator with electrodes, the active masses of which consist of compounds of iron, cobalt or nickel |
| DE2340869A1 (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-03-13 | Varta Batterie | POSITIVE ELECTRODE CONTAINING NICKEL HYDROXIDE AS ACTIVE MCSE FOR ALKALINE ACCUMULATORS |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2986592A (en) * | 1956-07-17 | 1961-05-30 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Alkaline primary cells having anodes of niobium, vanadium, or molybdenum |
| US2837590A (en) * | 1956-10-03 | 1958-06-03 | Hamilton Watch Co | Molybdenum anode cell |
| US3093512A (en) * | 1958-01-03 | 1963-06-11 | Remington Arms Co Inc | Current generator cell |
| DE2433488C3 (en) * | 1974-07-12 | 1984-04-05 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co., Ltd., Kawasaki, Kanagawa | Material for positive electrodes of primary elements with alkaline electrolyte and method for its manufacture |
| FR2407575B1 (en) * | 1977-10-26 | 1985-08-16 | Sersep | TITANIUM-MAGNESIUM ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATOR WITH ALKALINE ELECTROLYTE |
| US4198476A (en) * | 1978-09-08 | 1980-04-15 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Nonaqueous secondary cell using metal oxide electrodes |
| DE3031015A1 (en) * | 1980-08-16 | 1982-04-01 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Nickel hydroxide battery cathode with reducible metal oxide layer - to increase available storage capacity for impulse loading |
| DE3520108A1 (en) * | 1985-06-05 | 1986-12-11 | Varta Batterie Ag, 3000 Hannover | POSITIVE COLLECTOR ELECTRODE FOR ACCUMULATORS WITH ALKALINE ELECTROLYTE |
| DE4323007C2 (en) * | 1993-07-09 | 1995-06-08 | Starck H C Gmbh Co Kg | Manganese (III) -containing nickel (II) hydroxide, a process for its production and its use as an electrode material for secondary batteries |
| DE4439987C2 (en) * | 1994-11-09 | 1997-02-27 | Starck H C Gmbh Co Kg | Process for the preparation of manganese (III) -containing nickel hydroxide and its use |
| EP1187239B1 (en) * | 2000-09-12 | 2007-06-13 | SANYO ELECTRIC Co., Ltd. | Nickel electrode for alkaline storage battery, method of fabricating the same, and alkaline storage battery |
-
1932
- 1932-09-22 DE DET41375D patent/DE646006C/en not_active Expired
-
1933
- 1933-12-19 FR FR765818D patent/FR765818A/en not_active Expired
- 1933-12-19 GB GB35723/33A patent/GB414286A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1000889B (en) * | 1954-01-29 | 1957-01-17 | Klaus Storp Dr Rer Nat | Alkaline accumulator with electrodes, the active masses of which consist of compounds of iron, cobalt or nickel |
| DE2340869A1 (en) * | 1973-08-13 | 1975-03-13 | Varta Batterie | POSITIVE ELECTRODE CONTAINING NICKEL HYDROXIDE AS ACTIVE MCSE FOR ALKALINE ACCUMULATORS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR765818A (en) | 1934-06-16 |
| GB414286A (en) | 1934-08-02 |
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