DE455224C - Rotary piston machine with oscillating piston - Google Patents

Description

Rotary piston machine with oscillating piston. The subject of the invention forms a rotary piston machine with oscillating pistons. The new thing is that the Oscillating piston sealed on the housing and on the drum by means of labyrinth seals which are arranged so that the desired sealing condition in the long term is maintained. According to the various sealing points, the Labyrinth seals of various shapes, with the sealing strips easily replaceable could be. Additional stroke limits can be set to prevent grinding and provide stops that can also be designed as buffer devices.

The use of adjustable labyrinth seals for rotary piston machines is known per se.

In the drawing, the rotary piston machine is in one embodiment shown. Fig. I represents cross-sections of a machine with six oscillating pistons is, cut on the right along the line A-A of Figure 2, on the left partially in view after the bearing shield has been lifted off. Fig. 2 shows the vertical middle section of Fig. Fig. 3 is a section according to B-C-D-E of Fig. i through important parts of the oscillating piston and their chambers. Figures 4 to 6 are sections of details of the piston seals. Fig.7a is a view, Fig.7b half a cross-section, half an end view special piston training. Fig. 8a, 8b and 8c are a beaded and cross-sectional view a special arrangement of the piston movement device and the seals of the Piston drum. Fig. 9, ioa and iob are half cross-sections and views of adjusters for the piston clearance.

The curved piston plates i (Fig. I to 6) are supported by means of support levers 2 and 3 hubs on the oscillating shafts q. attached, the glands 5 from the Liquid space 6 of the piston drum 7 step out into special spaces 8, which are permanent separated from the working fluid and kept free. In these rooms are the bearings 9 for the oscillating shafts q. attached to the drum body 7 and the movement the oscillating shafts and pistons serving devices arranged, in the present. Case, for example, the movement lever 15 with bearings 16 and rollers 17, which on unroll the cam tracks 23 connected to the housing 2o by the side plates 21.

The straight or curved piston i can expediently be the same as a carrier Strength can be formed on several supports 2, under certain circumstances also directly on the hubs 3 or oscillating shafts 4 (Fig. 3 and 7a).

The movement device can be provided with springs in a manner known per se 31 be equipped according to Fig. I and 2 for the outward movement of the piston or according to Fig. 8a to 8c with counter levers 34 and rollers 35 and an outer roller conveyor 32, preferably on the other side of the oscillating shafts 4, so that here due to the torsional elasticity of the shafts 4, a certain spring effect or tension of the rollers 17 and 35 is generated during the piston oscillation.

The sealing of the pistons against the housing jacket 2o and the drum 24 can be done in a number of ways, e.g. B. according to Fig.4 by dovetail-like inserted labyrinth seals 5o and 51 with many and sharp combs to large Apply leeway and avoid any grinding without careful lubrication can.

Appropriately encompasses the. Piston drum 7 the pistons i laterally in niche-like extensions 24 (Fig. 5). Close the outlets of these spaces to the outwardly projecting side walls of the piston drum (Fig.3), so that the pistons are sealed against them by means of their lateral labyrinth combs can. This guide the piston between the side flanges of the piston barrel has the advantage that the drum can move axially in the housing without the pistons hit the side against fixed parts. The side labyrinth seals suitably consist of arcuate grooves 52 in the piston i and opposite Comb 53 on: the side walls of the KGjbentrommel. The plate of the piston i can also wider than the conveying space L (Fig. 8b and 8c) and slightly in the side walls 36 protrude, which are then recessed similar to the niches 24 according to Fig. 5.

For good sealing of the inner end of the piston i, as shown in Fig. 4 graded labyrinth chambers with increasing radius at 51 to be executed Constantly diverting the leakage fluid. Or it becomes a firm, smooth stop surface as shown in Figure 6 26 of the piston i opposite a valve seat-like counter surface 25 of the piston drum 7 provided to provide almost complete sealing against 25 and the most precise clearances of the piston i against the housing 2o (Fig. 4) and also against any contact a damping of the piston movement by forming a brake chamber between them almost touching surfaces 25 and 26, from .der the leakage liquid is gradually pushed out. The strength of this damping can be determined by the shape the adjoining neighboring walls 27, 28 and 29, 3o. (Fig.6) can be influenced. Possibly a roller or strip-like suction valve or flap can even be provided, which the liquid with the inward movement of the piston (sowing effect) lighter can enter, but on the outward movement it closes or narrows in order to pass through Pressure effect to generate the damping.

For high speeds, the slides, support and movement levers and rollers are made of light metal, the hubs and oscillating shafts are made of steel or bronze, so that small springs and twists caused by the centrifugal forces and the smallest clearances in the piston seals can be maintained without sliding. Fig. 7a, 7b show a connection of the support lever 2 with the hub reinforcement 44 of the shaft 4, namely a flat flange connection with screw bolts and spring wedge.

In order to be able to continuously set and readjust the smallest possible margins, in particular on the Kdlb seals 50 (against the housing) and 51 (against the piston barrel) (Fig. 4), is appropriate between these seals and. which their location mainly determining roller conveyor 23 at any point a suitable adjustment device inserted on one or more of the connecting links. This can take many forms Wise done, e.g. B. by adjustable labyrinth seals or inserts below these, adjustable connections or couplings on the support levers, movement levers or oscillating waves, preferably also according to Fig. 9 and ioa and lob through storage the roller axes in the movement levers 15 by means of rotatable eccentric pins 55 and cylindrical or conical bushings 56 (Fig. 9) or by means of eccentric Intermediate rings 57 (fig. Ioa and lob) which are both a fine adjustment and a guarantee reliable determination. For readjustment without opening the whole Housing are useful special peepholes with plugs, z. B. on Housing jacket at 70 (Fig. I) or on the side walls (Fig. 8b and 8c).

The seals between the piston barrel and the housing are provided by labyrinth seals 40, which enclose the entire outer spaces of the drum in a ring-like manner and are expedient with collection and discharge chambers 41 (Fig. 8b and 8c) for the seeping through leakage water provided .are. From the latter, the leakage water flows through several pipes 42, which appropriately over the scope vert # J.lt are. The main amount then flows by itself after any: container off; only from the lowest part (swamp) of 41 must be in In some cases (e.g. with gearboxes for diesel locomotives) a special extraction system of any type, if no natural gradient remains.

In front of the chambers 41, further similar antechambers (not shown) to the Be arranged to collect the leakage water so that it does not reach the control modules can get. Or it will, e.g. B. according to Fig.8c, within the labyrinth seals 43 a radial, detachable partition 37 (if necessary with inspection lids) is installed, which on the one hand delimits the space 8 for the bearings, on the other hand an annular space 38 creates, in the leakage fluid collect or one by centrifugal force Can form water ring. This can be supported by radial ribs 39 on the wall 37 will.

In the case of fast circulation, if necessary, in the work area and in the Space 6 existing air pushed radially inward by centrifugal force of the water and here by automatic or controlled air valves io (Fig. i and 2) or the like. removed; when the machine is at a standstill, it can escape through openings 13.

To avoid bending of the oscillating shafts when the gearbox is overworked d. To prevent this, there can be safety stops 63, 64 (Fig. i) on the piston barrel be attached so that they face the hubs 3 of the shafts 4 with little play and stay out of contact during the swinging movement. Because the deflection the piston shaft is limited, the labyrinth crests are pre-damaged as a result Grinding on the housing wall preserved, but still a tight closing the labyrinth seals is possible. The waves may get so thin perform that after completion of the oscillating movement under the normal circumferential forces Deliberately bounce hard and then rest against stops 63 and 64. As a result this relief, the shafts and their bearings 9 can be made considerably smaller.

In the present invention, the openings 1i (Fig. I) between the working chamber and piston oscillation chamber to reduce the hydraulic displacement resistance can be made very large; it only has to be 1, smaller than the seal width 1Z of the abutment 45.

When coupling the Dr: #hkolbenmaschine with shafts, which small Performing over-movements (e.g. crankshafts or wheelboat shafts), the piston drum 7 according to the present invention expediently designed as a hollow shaft and in its own Bearings 58 mounted, which surround the vibrating crank or other shaft that is resiliently coupled to the hollow drum shaft. This will result in high quality Rotary piston machines largely affect the bearings and thus the clearance of the seals spared.

Claims (6)

PATENT CLAIMS: i. Rotary piston machine with oscillating piston, thereby characterized in that the oscillating pistons with optionally adjustable and dovetail-like labyrinth seals used on the housing and on the drum are sealed. 2. Rotary piston machine according to claim i, characterized in that the piston drum (7) surrounds the piston (i) laterally with niche-like walls (24) against which the Pistons (i) are sealed with labyrinth seals, which are preferably made of arcuate Grooves (52) and in these protruding ridges (53) exist. 3. Rotary piston machine after Claim i, characterized by stroke limiting surfaces (25, 26) for the pistons (i), which form brake chambers before contact. 4. three-piston machine according to claim i, characterized by eccentric devices (55, 56, 57) for setting the Piston play. 5. Rotary piston machine according to claim i in connection with vibrating Shafts (e.g. crankshafts), characterized in that the piston drum (7) by means of Hollow shaft is mounted for itself, which is the independently mounted vibrating shaft encloses and is connected to it by a flexible coupling. 6. Rotary piston machine according to claim i, characterized by slide-free stops (63, 64) for securing of the labyrinth seals in the event of intentional or unintentional deflection of the Oscillating shafts (4).