DE423178C - Discharge tubes with glow cathode - Google Patents
Discharge tubes with glow cathodeInfo
- Publication number
- DE423178C DE423178C DEN22223D DEN0022223D DE423178C DE 423178 C DE423178 C DE 423178C DE N22223 D DEN22223 D DE N22223D DE N0022223 D DEN0022223 D DE N0022223D DE 423178 C DE423178 C DE 423178C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- hafnium
- discharge tubes
- glow cathode
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- USPBSVTXIGCMKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium Chemical compound [Hf].[Hf] USPBSVTXIGCMKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J1/00—Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
- H01J1/02—Main electrodes
- H01J1/13—Solid thermionic cathodes
- H01J1/14—Solid thermionic cathodes characterised by the material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12812—Diverse refractory group metal-base components: alternative to or next to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/1284—W-base component
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
Description
Gemäß der Erfindung werden Glühkathoden von Entladeröhren aus Hafnium hergestellt. Dieses Metall bietet den Vorteil, daß es bei einer Temperatur, bei der die Verdampfungsgeschwindigkeit äußerst gering ist, eine sehr hohe Elektronenemission hat.According to the invention, hot cathodes of discharge tubes are made from hafnium. This metal has the advantage that it is at a temperature at which the rate of evaporation is extremely low, has a very high electron emission.
Anstatt die ganze Glühkathode aus Hafnium herzustellen, kann man auch die Kathode aus einem anderen Stoff, ζ. Β. aus Wolfram, fertigen und dessen Oberfläche mit Hafnium überziehen.Instead of making the entire hot cathode from hafnium, you can also make the cathode made of a different material, ζ. Β. made of tungsten, and its surface with Coating hafnium.
Gegenüber den bekannten Glühkathoden aus dem dem Hafnium homologen Metall Zirkon besitzt das Hafnium dadurch wesentliche Vorzüge, daß es einerseits eine niedrigere Richardsonsche Konstante und andererseits einen höheren Schmelzpunkt als Zirkon besitzt. Denn aus der niedrigeren Richardsonschen Konstanten ergibt sich, daß bei ' gleicher Kathodentemperatur und gleicher Anodenspannung eine Hafniumkathode mehr Elektronen aussenden wird als eine Zirkonkathode, und aus dem höheren Schmelzpunkte, daß die Temperatur und damit die Elektronenemission bei einer Hafniumkathode weit höher gesteigert werden kann, ohne daß die Verdampfung der Hafniumkathode größer ist als diejenige der Zirkonkathode.Compared to the known hot cathodes made of the metal zirconium, which is homologous to hafnium Hafnium has essential advantages in that on the one hand it has a lower value Richardson's constant and, on the other hand, has a higher melting point than zircon. Because from the lower Richardson Constants it follows that with 'the same cathode temperature and the same Anode voltage a hafnium cathode will emit more electrons than a zirconium cathode, and from the higher melting points that the temperature and thus the electron emission with a hafnium cathode can be increased much higher without the evaporation of the hafnium cathode being greater than that of the zirconium cathode.
Entladeröhren mit Glühkathoden gemäß der Erfindung eignen sich vorzüglich zur Verwendung als Röntgenröhren, Gleichrichter, Empfangs- und Sendelampen oder Verstärker für Telegraphic oder Telephonic und ähnliche Zwecke.Discharge tubes with hot cathodes according to the invention are particularly suitable for Use as X-ray tubes, rectifiers, receiving and transmitting lamps or amplifiers for Telegraphic or Telephonic and similar purposes.
Hafnium ist ein sehr duktiles Metall und kann nach den für Zirkon an sich bekannten Methoden bearbeitet werden. Eine Glühkathode nach der Erfindung läßt sich sehr einfach herstellen, indem man Hafniummetallpulver einer bloßen Pressung unterwirft.Hafnium is a very ductile metal and can be compared to the ones known for zircon Methods are processed. A hot cathode according to the invention can be produced very easily by using hafnium metal powder subjected to a mere compression.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR423178X | 1923-02-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE423178C true DE423178C (en) | 1925-12-21 |
Family
ID=8898679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEN22223D Expired DE423178C (en) | 1923-02-21 | 1923-06-24 | Discharge tubes with glow cathode |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1701849A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE423178C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR573663A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB211825A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL13930C (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3174063A (en) * | 1960-04-27 | 1965-03-16 | Gen Electric | Compatible electrode system in vacuum thermionic apparatus |
-
0
- NL NL13930D patent/NL13930C/xx active
-
1923
- 1923-02-21 FR FR573663D patent/FR573663A/en not_active Expired
- 1923-06-24 DE DEN22223D patent/DE423178C/en not_active Expired
- 1923-07-28 US US654481A patent/US1701849A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1923-08-08 GB GB20240/23A patent/GB211825A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB211825A (en) | 1924-05-01 |
| FR573663A (en) | 1924-06-27 |
| US1701849A (en) | 1929-02-12 |
| NL13930C (en) |
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