DE4119877A1 - Combing machine - has automatic controls comprising electronic circuit between comber heads and output at draw-box - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi head comber with drawbox has equipment between the two which keeps the tension on the sliver within predetermined limits. There are eight combers (2A-H), with output as a web from each, which is funnelled into a roller pair to form a sliver. Each sliver is carried across a metallicplate and aligned as doublings by turning around pins set in the plate, or table, at certain positions, and which brings all the slivers together. The eight seciton doubling is then taken uo by the rollers of the drawbox (42) and reduced by drafting into a single sliver, collected and pressed into a sliver can at the output (40). USE - To suppress periodicity of comber overlap wave and drawbox wave, and avoid imperfections in the sliver produced. Automatically controls the machine to allow for temporary variation in conditions.

Description

The invention relates to a combing machine with a A plurality of combing devices, one of which is the combing device lines downstream drafting device, which the Kammzugband feeds a can press, or on a Ver drive to the production of a uniform sliver.

The invention relates in particular to a further development of our Swiss patent application No. 4754/88 of December 22, 1988 provided system.

In known combing machines, this is done by the combing tools combed nonwoven over a belt funnel into one Sliver summarized, with the sliver funnel from tension roller pair is connected downstream. This, on the individual Comb slivers, usually formed parallel to one another via an outlet table the drafting machine located in the combing machine. in the The sliver fed is doubled in the drafting system and combined into a single sliver, which then poured into a jug using a jug press is laid.

To monitor the numbering of the sliver it known (company Rieter - combing machine E7 / 5) before Funnel wheel of the can press a measuring point for the determination tape thickness. In this case, the Volume number from a default value, the combing machine automatically stopped. This then enables a manual check of the machine setting in order to determine the source of error that is responsible for the deviation of the Number is responsible.  

The drafting system used in the comber has the known execution of the task by duplication a mixing of the individual tapes or fibers increase. In addition, the stretching through the Combing the resulting solder joints compensated.

With the well-known combing machine it is possible to dispense the to monitor the level of the ridges for numbering.

In the event of a deviation from a specified number value, but the combing process is interrupted and the operator is forced to look for the cause of the deviation and eliminate these in order to maintain the desired numbering to create again.

This can already be the case if those of the Wrapping web delivered to the combing heads none has constant mixture.

As a result, the ratio of combing shedding changes dung / Kammzug, and the numbering of the Kammzugband is no longer guaranteed.

It is the task of the in our CH patent application no. 4754/88 invention described the combing machine so to make a continuous work process possible light and an almost constant quality, or Numbering, the crest band is guaranteed.

According to the CH patent application number 4754/88 this was Task solved in that the drafting device with a control device to make the Kammzugband is provided.

Regulated drafting systems are used in the known special routes, but in use at a drafting system on the comber. The thereby he Targeted benefits are significant, so under certain circumstances  a drafting system previously connected to the comber passage, or route, can be eliminated and the direct approach set the combed belt emitted by the combing machine to a flyer or an open-end spinning machine light. This in turn requires an increased economic spinning mill area.

By regulating the volume number in the regulated Drafting system, the combing heads can also be adjusted without readjustment in the case of different mixtures of the original winding, continuous work neatly. This in turn requires an increased Quality of the sliver, since there is no longer an interruption is necessary and the resulting irregular can be eliminated.

To increase the number of combing heads or when increasing of the cotton weights, it may be necessary the sliver bands emitted by the comb heads to two distribute subsequent drafting systems, each draft plant a can press is subordinated. To the before to achieve spoken benefits, it was suggested these drafting systems with an independent Re to provide gel device.

In connection with the speed control of a feed roller a pre-delay zone due to a band signal thickness measuring device, it is advantageous between the Combing devices and the feed roller a belt storage to arrange a steady delivery speed the combing devices guaranteed and compensation for the different speed of the feed roller takes.

It has also been suggested that a result of Re changed the speed of the feed roller to the on urged the combing devices to act on the delivery speed of the combing devices with the feeder to adjust the speed on the drafting system of the sliver belts.  

Will, as further featured in CH Patent Application No. 4754/88 beat the speed control on a delivery roller one Main draft zone, there is no tape storage, or coordination between the feed roller of the early draft zone and combing devices necessary.

To intensify the stretching process, or to ver better, it was suggested to use at least two drafting systems to be connected in series, with at least one drafting system with a control device is provided. It is conceivable only a slight delay on the first drafting system take while the largest percentage of default on the after following drafting system is accomplished.

It is to coordinate the work process of the comber advantageous that the control pulses of the control device the or the drafting system to a higher-level process master computer are transmitted, which also in connection with connected to the other machines in the manufacturing process is.

A method or a pre is particularly advantageous direction, with a first drafting system to the individual Comb heads formed slivers is assigned and a first delay is made.

It is now the object of this invention to regulate to further develop the concept for the comber. Is to it provided the combing machine with a regulation for the To provide belt tension on the outlet table.

The benefits are illustrated in the following Example described and shown in more detail.

It shows:  

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a combing machine with a drafting system according to our Swiss patent application no. 4754/88,

Fig. 2 is a view from above of the outlet table of the machine according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a detail of the arrangement of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a schematic side view (similar to Fig. 1) of a further developed combing machine and

Fig. 5 shows a detail of the arrangement of Fig. 4.

Fig. 1 shows a combing machine 1 , with z. B. eight combing heads 2 , of which only four are shown in the illustration. On each combing head 2 there is a wadding roll 3 , the wadding 4 of which is fed to the combing devices 5 via a Speiseeinrich device, not shown. The Kämmvor direction 5 is not shown in detail and, as is generally known, can consist of a pliers unit, a circular comb attached below this and a relative to the conveying direction, behind the pliers unit arranged fixed comb with subsequent tear-off rollers.

The combed fiber fleece released by the tear-off rollers passes through a draw-off table 6 into a draw-off funnel not shown here. In the draw-off funnel, the nonwoven fabric is combined into a sliver, or sliver. This process is supported by a pair of take-off rollers 7 arranged downstream of the respective take-off hopper, which feeds the sliver to an outlet table 8 . In order to further promote the slivers 10 next to each other on the running table 8 , tape guides 9 are hen vorgese, which are offset from each other in the horizontal direction. The fiber slivers 18 guided parallel to one another arrive at a drafting system 11 , a measuring device 12 being provided at the input of the drafting system 11, which measures the strength of the incoming fiber slivers. The measuring device 12 can be in different forms, for. B. optically or mechanically.

After passing through the measuring device 12 , the slivers pass between the input rollers 13 of a pre-draft zone 14 to a pair of central rollers 15 , which are at the same time the feed rollers for a subsequent main draft zone 16 . Via the delivery rollers 17 at the exit of the main drafting zone 16 , the drawn belts 10 arrive in a schematically illustrated band funnel 18 and are combined there to form a combed belt 19 with the aid of the take-off rollers 20 . A pressure rod 21 is attached in the draft zone to guide the fibers. This pressure rod 21 could also be arranged in the main delay field 16 .

The Kammzugband 19 delivered by the take-off rollers 20 reaches a conveyor belt 22 and is transferred to a can press 23 .

The comber belt 19 is placed in a can 26 via the calender rollers 24 and the funnel wheel 25 .

The drafting system 11 is seen with a control device 27 .

The drive of the lower rollers of the roller pairs 13,15 and 17 carried by the main motor M, wherein for driving the lower roll is a planetary gear tet zwischengeschal 28 15 and the drive of the lower roll 13 is taken directly from the lower roller 15 °. A control motor M 1 is assigned to the planetary gear 28 and is controlled via a control unit 29 . The control unit 29 receives pulses from a setpoint stage 30 , wherein the measurement voltage initiated by the measuring device via a signal converter 31 and a timer 32 is compared with the control voltage output by the master tachometer 33 of the main motor M and results in a target voltage for the control unit.

Before entering the calender rolls 24 , a sliver monitor can additionally be provided for monitoring the regulated comb tension belt.

If the measuring device 12 determines a difference from the nominal value strip thickness, then in this case a time delay is applied via the control device 27 to the control motor M 1 , which engages in the planetary gear and causes a change in speed of the center roller 15 and thus also of the input roller 13 while the delivery roller 17 has an unchanged speed. That is, the delay is adjusted by the measuring device 12 due to the changed speed difference between the center roll 15 and delivery roll 17 of the determined strip thickness.

As already mentioned in the input description, you can differently designed drafting systems with different control units than the version shown here (Schubert & Salzer - RSB 51) are used.

It is also conceivable to arrange a further pair of rollers (not shown) after the pair of take-off rolls 7 , which is driven at a somewhat higher speed in order to apply a slight advance to the sliver before it reaches the take-off table and is doubled with the others.

The memory function will now be explained in more detail by the delivery table 8 reference to the schematic illustrations of FIGS. 2 and 3.

FIG. 2 again shows the pairs of take-off rolls 7 from each of the eight combing heads 2 ( FIG. 1). The draw-off roller pair 7 delivers its belt 10 to the outlet table 8 , which is designed as a plate. In the embodiment according to Fig. 5 be this plate stands (not shown) from the machine frame from a raised horizontally arranged metal sheet 80 (Fig. 3). After it has left the respective pair of rollers 7 , each band 10 lies on the sheet 80 , while it is deflected through about 90 ° around the respective band guide 9 and to the end head 100 ( FIG. 2) with the drafting system 11 ( FIG. 1) running. This arrangement is well known in the art and is shown e.g. B. in picture 3 of the article "Combing as a decisive economic factor of short-stack spinning" in Meliand Textile Reports, Issue 5/1990, pages 330 to 332 and also in our European patent application No. 3 39 300. However, the band leader 9 is preferably after our European patent application No. 3 49 866.

The regulated drafting arrangement 11 ( FIG. 1) is preferably designed for regulating out band number fluctuations with a very short wavelength. This drafting system should in particular compensate for the fluctuations in the band number, which result from the so-called soldering in the conventional combing process (for details of the conventional combing process, see, for example, the book "Drawing, Combing and Roving" by Zoltan Szalocki, publisher The Institute of Textile Technology or the manual "A Practical Guide to Combing and Roving" by Werner Klein, publisher The Textile Institute).

After the preferred variant of the regulated drafting device 11 already described, band number fluctuations are compensated for by changing the feed speed.

In order to compensate for the effects of soldering, these changes in the retraction speed must have a relatively high frequency. The high-frequency changes in the intake speed are reflected in correspondingly high-frequency changes in the tensile forces (ie in the tension) in each belt 10 on the outlet table 8 . Before, however, exposed to the fact that the average value of the tensile force (tension) in each band remains within a predetermined tolerance range around a predetermined target value, these smaller speed fluctuations do not lead to any irregular changes in the bands 10 on the table 8 .

This preferred arrangement enables a drive concept for the machine, which has been shown schematically in FIG. 4. According to this concept, the drive system of the machine is divided into three drive groups 40 , 42 , 44 . The drive group 40 includes both the pair of rollers 17 from the regulated drafting system 11 , and the can press 23rd These elements are driven at a constant speed, which, however, can be set selectively depending on the desired production of the machine. The setting can be accomplished via a microprocessor controller 46 for the entire machine. It is immaterial whether the pair of rollers 17 and the can press 23 are each provided with their own drive motor or whether these two elements are coupled to a common drive motor by respective gear connections.

The second drive group 42 includes the middle roller group 150 and the feed roller group 130 of the controlled drafting system 11th The speed of this drive group is variable, so that mass fluctuations of the infeed belts, which are determined at a measuring point 120 , are compensated for by the microprocessor 46 by changing the Einlaufgeschwin speed in the drafting system 11 , as has already been described in connection with FIG. 1. A metal plate 122 inclined upward leads the strips from the measuring point to the drafting device 11 . As also described in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3, the smaller speed changes in the inlet of the drafting unit 11 lead to smaller voltage fluctuations on the table 8 . However, since there is a considerable length of belt 10 ( FIG. 1) between the drafting device inlet and the respective take-off roller pair 7 (FIGS . 1 and 2), this belt length acts as a "store". This memory is able to absorb smaller voltage fluctuations originating from the drafting system 11 , and in fact without the occurrence of inevitable erroneous delays on the table 8 . This applies both to the combing head 2 A ( FIG. 4), which is closest to the drafting system 11 , and to the combing head 2 H, which is the furthest away from the drafting system 11 . The prerequisite for this advantageous storage effect on the table 8 is, however, a belt tension on the table which remains within certain lower and upper limit values.

The third drive group 44 includes the main motor M, which drives all combing heads 2 A, 2 B, 2 C, 2 D, 2 E, 2 F, 2 G, 2 H during normal operation at a predetermined operating speed. This operating speed can also be set selectively via the microprocessor 46 depending on the desired production of the overall machine. The belt tension on the table 8 is dependent on the ratio of the speed at the outlet of the drafting system 11 to the speed of the main motor M. In order to ensure a pre-determined belt tension on the table 8 , it is accordingly possible, with constant Auslaufge speed of the drafting system 11 (ie with constant production of the overall machine), the operating speed of the main motor (ie the combing heads 2 A to 2 H) as a function of to change the belt tension in order to avoid undesirable tension states on the table 8 . Such undesirable conditions can be caused by changes in the table 8 itself over time, e.g. B. between periodic cleaning of the table.

In principle, it would be possible to monitor the voltage in each belt 10 delivered and to adjust the operating speed of the motor M accordingly. But this is not necessary because an excessive belt tension one is first to make low tape tension, first in Volume 10 of the combing head 2 H noticeable in Volume 10 of the combing head 2 A and. It is therefore possible to check the compliance with given upper and lower limit values for the tension of all bands on the table 8 by monitoring the band tension in the outer bands.

Therefore, a first belt tension sensor is preferably 48 the combing head 2 A and a second tape tension sensor 50 associated with the H 2 combing head. When exceeding a pre-given threshold value for the tension of the tape provided by the head 2 A 10 (Fig. 1) is slightly increased, the rotational speed of the main motor M, the Betriebsgeschwindig ness of all combing heads 2A to 2H to increase simultaneously. The increased delivery of the combing heads 2 A to 2 H with unchanged outlet speed of the drafting system 11 (ie with unchanged production of the machine) leads to a reduction in the belt tension on the table 8 . This works e.g. B. an increase in the friction between the strips and the metal sheet 80 ( Fig. 3). Such a change in the friction conditions can, for. B. arise by flying the machine over time.

If the signal from the second belt tension sensor 50 indicates that the tension in the belt supplied by the comb head 2 H has fallen below a predetermined threshold, the operating speed of the main motor M can be reduced slightly. This leads (with unchanged machine production) to an increase in the belt tension on the table 8 . A too low band tension could e.g. B. arise from the fact that the operating speed before the table cleaning to compensate for unfavorable Reibungsver ratios on the table 8 has been increased and is set too high after the table cleaning.

FIG. 5 schematically shows a suitable arrangement for use as a sensor 48 or 50 for monitoring the tension in a band 10 . This arrangement includes a roller 52 which is rotatably mounted on an axle 54 . The axis 54 is carried by a lever 56 , which is itself rotatably mounted about a second axis 58 . The lever 58 is z. B. by a spring (not shown) in the counterclockwise direction (according to FIG. 5) biased to press the roller 52 ge against the tape 10 . The tape is therefore guided around the roller 52 with a substantially predetermined wrap angle.

The angular position of the lever 56 about the axis 58 is dependent on the tension in the band 10 . An increase in the band tension causes the lever 56 to rotate clockwise about the axis 58, and a decrease in the band tension (under the effect of the biasing fields, not shown) causes the lever 56 to rotate counter-clockwise about the axis 58 . These rotary movements of the lever 56 can be determined by a proximity sensor 60 .

In the case of the first sensor 48 ( FIG. 4), the proximity sensor 60 is set such that, at a certain minimum distance s between the sensor 60 and the roller 52, a signal is sent to the microprocessor 46 , which leads to an increase in the operating speed of the Motors M leads. In the case of the second sensor 50 ( FIG. 4), the sensor 60 is set in such a way that, at a predetermined maximum distance s between the sensor 60 and the corresponding roller 52, a signal is sent to the microprocessor 46 , which reduces the operating speed of the main motor M. The sensor 60 is preferably a non-contact sensor, which, for. B. can be electromagnetic type. A sensor arrangement according to Fig. 5 may on the table 8, for example. B. between the Wal zenpaar 7 and the tape guide 9 ( Fig. 2), can be provided for the applicable tape. However, it will be clear that the roller 52 of an arrangement according to FIG. 5 could also be designed as a tape leader 9 in an arrangement according to FIG. 2.

Claims (6)

1. combing machine with a plurality of combing heads ( 2 ) and a downstream of the combing heads Streckwerkein direction ( 11 ), characterized in that means are provided to keep the belt tension between the combing heads and the drafting device within predetermined limits. 2. Combing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that that the means of monitoring the voltage in the Band of the comb head which the Drafting device is closest. 3. Combing machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized records that the means of surveillance for the Tension of the belt includes that comb head, which is the farthest from the drafting device is removed. 4. Combing machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mean of a tax tion for the operating speed of the combing heads includes to at a given machine production this operating speed at too high To increase the belt tension and if the tension is too low To reduce belt tension. 5. combing machine with a plurality of combing heads ( 2 ), a downstream of the combing heads Streckwerkein direction ( 11 ), a control device ( 27 ) for the drafting device and with a tape store between the drafting device's ( 11 ) and the Kämmköp fen, characterized in that the tape storage is in the form of a substantially horizontally arranged plate ( 80 ), the stored lengths of the ge supplied by the combing tapes are performed side by side on the plate. 6. Combing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that that the plate is made of sheet metal.