DE40144C - Counter-draft gas lamp - Google Patents

Description

IMPERIAL

PATENT OFFICE

Counter-draft gas lamp.

The present invention relates to devices on counter-draft lamps to produce a wide variety of Types of gases, as well as all types of petroleum, whether in the raw or purified state, after evaporation of kerosene can be used for lighting purposes. Through the present improvements a pure white, smoke-free and economical light is achieved, which is produced by the lamp itself · casts a shadow neither downwards nor to the side, but only upwards allowing a small shade and for all lighting purposes, except submarine, can be used.

The essential thing about the combustion in the present lamp is that this leads to the Use coming gas inside the lamp gradually under regular and The required pressure is expanded and diluted to such an extent that it is divided into atomic parts State reaches the point of combustion where it is heated between two streams atmospheric air and burns around a suitable deflector, whereby the direct heat resulting from the combustion of the gas and the air into a secondary Light transforms and the otherwise lost heat of the combustion products to a regenerative effect the lamp is made usable.

The present lamp device serves on the one hand to increase the volume of the gas multiply and thus burn with greater economy, on the other hand, the gas in an expanded state, d. H. in strong dilution or atomic fragmentation Contact with an expanded one formed by a number of expansion chambers heated surface repeatedly in such a way that the carbon particles through the the entire gas volume is distributed when it flows down to the burner and the whole is heated evenly and carefully. '

Furthermore, the device aims at such a heating and dilution of the gas that the same at the moment when it is needed. Combustion in contact with the heated air occurs, emits white light inside, through the fact that all the carbon particles become white-hot.

As a result of the regularity of the pressure, such as those used for expansion and pressure equalization is brought about serving channels, one achieves a complete combustion of all coal particles and thus also prevents the formation of smoke.

The lamp at hand finally not only increases the luminous intensity, but also the Heat of the flame increases, and this increase in flame temperature is caused by the white-hot Deflector, around which the flame burns, into a secondary light source transformed. The lamp also has the advantage that it can never become clogged. It can both gas and oil or a mixture of both can be burned with the lamp present, provided that the oil has previously been vaporized.

Incidentally, it is recommended that the gas still Especially. with vaporized, originally solid or liquid hydrocarbons to pregnant.

In the lamp shown in the accompanying drawings, the combustion gas flows

up through pipe A and first enters the annular channel ι.

The lamp consists of a central cylinder B, open at the top and bottom, which serves as an outlet for the products of combustion, and in the outer wall of which a number of cannulations are made. This cylinder can be made of cast iron and its length is expediently measured to be six times the diameter. The cylinder is surrounded by a tube α in such a way that only the cannulations, the number of which increases downwards, form cavities. The already mentioned inflow and pressure equalization chamber ι is arranged in a special ring cover A * screwed onto the upper end of α .

^{From 1} the gases pass through the upper ducts B 1, Fig. 4, into the ring groove 2 fitted in the upper part of the cylinder B; here the gas is distributed into the increased number of cannulations B ² , Fig. 5, reaches the ring groove 3 and now flows even further downwards through the again approximately doubled number of cannulations B ^3.

In each deeper division the gas is more strongly heated, expanded, and distributed; by the interposition of the annular grooves, any pressure differences are completely compensated. Incidentally, the cannulations also assume too expediently below light cross-section too.

The last group of cannulations is distributed over the entire circumference of the cylinder. From this best group here, the gas flows into the pressure equalization chamber 4, which finally releases the gas to the burner.

Instead of the cylinder !? surrounding pipe a, which closes off the longitudinal and annular grooves on the outside, these grooves can also be produced by drilling or casting in the wall itself with appropriate reinforcement of the wall of the cylinder. The outer coat can be decorated accordingly, or a special glass, porcelain or other tube can be attached as an outer cover.

The inner tube D of the burner is screwed to the lower end of the cylinder B and the outer combustion tube C is attached to the jacket tube α; the lowest compensation chamber 4 is arranged between the two at the top, for which purpose the combustion pipe -D is provided with a flange D ³ at the top. In this flange, fine copper tubes T, Fig. 3, are attached, the lower ends of ^{which are inserted in a ring -D 5} , which is arranged between the lower edges of D and C and is kept so narrow that annular openings Z) ^{6 on both sides} remain for the passage of air.

The outer tube C is provided on the outside with an annular flange C ⁸ , which serves as a support point for the bell G and is provided on the lower side with an asbestos seal for the lower glass ball V , which is held by resilient clamping hooks C ⁵ and pressed against the asbestos ring will. In order to be able to withstand the extraordinary heat, the spring hooks are expediently made of phosphor bronze.

Above the flange C ⁸ , air holes C ^{3 are} provided in the pipe C. In order for the air to enter in a calm, even flow through the same and at the same time to preheat the same, a basket made of wire gauze or perforated sheet metal is placed ^{over the openings C 8.}

Openings C ^{4 can also be} provided in the outer burner tube C ¹ , but these are kept closed with glass or mica so that on the one hand the flame does not rise upwards, but on the other hand the shadow above the lamp is reduced.

The deflector F is arranged in the inner combustion tube D , which can be fastened at various heights in the tube D by means of a bayonet lock, which for this purpose is provided with annular grooves D ⁷ and longitudinal grooves £> ⁸ , while the deflector with lugs F ¹ , Fig. 11 , Is provided.

The whole deflector respectively. at least the outer layer of it, as far as it goes with the When the flame comes into direct contact, it consists of a fire-resistant one that is white-hot in the heat Mass, while the basic mass is expediently made of poorly conductive material, so that direct heat can be used without overheating the burner a secondary light source is made usable, which the direct flame light is essential reinforced and rounded.

Asbestos, mica or a mixture of both can be used for the base layer and this mass can be covered with platinum in sheet, gauze or wire form, or coated with a solution of nitrous acid platinum or platinum chloride. In the same way, steatite, talc, soap stone and the like can also be used as the base material. In the present case, however, aluminum bronze or aluminum silver is preferred, as is the burner ring D ⁵ and possibly the edges of the. Burner sleeve D. Made of such a Legirurtg. If the lamp is used outdoors, a screen is expediently used, which keeps out any rain.

A tap X ¹ , Fig. 12, provided with a secondary bore is arranged in the gas supply pipe, which can be adjusted to this secondary bore by means of a chain, Fig. 7, or a lever, Fig. 12, so that a constant

Claims (1)

small flame is maintained and therefore no removal of the glass ball V is required for lighting. For convenient attachment of the latter, the in Fig. 12 BEZW. Fig. 1 3 shown device are taken. For lamps in draughty places, e.g. B. in doorways, as FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate, the protective screen d, ·. which is attached by means of the ring K ² , made double-walled and closed on the outside by wire gauze, so that the air can only enter in a calm, regular flow. For special protection of the bell jar. V, it is recommended, in these lamps, a second bell g ^l to install, which is either 'd on the bottom, serving as the reflector wall of the shield or on one of the wall downward. .sufficient cone is. held by means of screws. FIG. 7 shows the device used to vaporize the hydrocarbon. The bell K communicates with the upper chamber X through pipe Z. Under certain circumstances an oil supply pipe Y can also be connected to it. The device is expediently attached above the cylinder B , so that the heat rising through the same directs to the evaporation of the oil or. of the solid hydrocarbon is made usable. The vaporized hydrocarbon is sucked in through the gas and carried along with it to the burner. If the gas contains a lot of sulfur, a precaution can also be taken on the lamp Desulfurization and purification of the gas may be appropriate; by the way, it is recommended in in this case all parts of the lamp which come into contact with the gas are closed enamel or clad with iridium or some other substance not attacked by sulfur. To adjust the deflector higher or lower, the latter can also be provided with a screw thread and the combustion tube D with a corresponding nut thread. The adjustability itself, especially with regard to the different specific gravity of the common fuel gases and oils, is important, since by setting the appropriate setting, the different flames of the various gases, as well as any gas loss, respectively. smoking can be avoided. Patenτ claim: In the case of a counter-draft lamp, a central draw tube, which is characterized by that there are longitudinal grooves on the outside in the wall, the number of which increases downwards and which are connected in groups by ring grooves in such a way that the downward Gas can expand according to its increasing warming and at the same time evenly all around. is divided. For this purpose 2 sheets of drawings