DE4009638A1 - Producing co-extruded thermoplastic film with less expense - using undried outer polymer within specified range of intrinsic viscosity, degassing in extruder and combining with second polymer at nozzle - Google Patents
Producing co-extruded thermoplastic film with less expense - using undried outer polymer within specified range of intrinsic viscosity, degassing in extruder and combining with second polymer at nozzleInfo
- Publication number
- DE4009638A1 DE4009638A1 DE4009638A DE4009638A DE4009638A1 DE 4009638 A1 DE4009638 A1 DE 4009638A1 DE 4009638 A DE4009638 A DE 4009638A DE 4009638 A DE4009638 A DE 4009638A DE 4009638 A1 DE4009638 A1 DE 4009638A1
- Authority
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- layer
- intrinsic viscosity
- raw materials
- net
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 title description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 31
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 10
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- FNJLOQQVWLMFME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,12-dioxabicyclo[12.2.2]octadeca-1(16),14,17-triene-2,13-dione Chemical compound O=C1OCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2 FNJLOQQVWLMFME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTFCWXDVCAAYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-sulfooxycarbonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(=O)OS(O)(=O)=O)=C1 FTFCWXDVCAAYFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-hydroxybenzoate Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005215 dichloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000554 ionomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000874 polytetramethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
- B29C55/023—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets using multilayered plates or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/76—Venting, drying means; Degassing means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer koextrudierten Folie aus zumindest einer Deck schicht und einer Basisschicht, wobei die Rohstoffe der Deckschicht aus der Gruppe der Polyesterhomo- und -co polymere, Gemische verschiedener Polyester sowie Abmi schungen oder Blends von Polyestern mit anderen Poly meren ausgewählt werden.The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a coextruded film from at least one deck layer and a base layer, the raw materials of the Top layer from the group of polyester homo- and co polymers, mixtures of different polyesters and Abmi blends or blends of polyesters with other poly selected.
Die Basisschicht, die im allgemeinen größere Dicke als die einzelne Deckschicht besitzt, kann auch aus Roh stoffen hergestellt werden, die der gleichen Gruppe wie die Rohstoffe der Deckschicht angehören. Für die Her stellung der Polyesterfolien nach der Erfindung wird insbesondere Polyethylenterephthalat verwendet, jedoch sind ebenso Ausgangsstoffe für Folien auf der Basis ei nes durch Polykondensation eines Glykols, z. B. Ethylen glykols oder Butandiol und deren Mischungen mit Terephthalsäure oder Mischungen von Terephthalsäure mit anderen Dikarbonsäuren, wie z. B. Isophthalsäure, Di phensäure und Sebacinsäure oder deren Polyester bilden den Äquivalenten entstandenen kristallisierbaren Poly ester geeignet, wobei diese Polyester nach bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden.The base layer, which is generally thicker than the individual top layer can also be made from raw fabrics manufactured in the same group as the raw materials belong to the top layer. For her position of the polyester films according to the invention especially polyethylene terephthalate used, however are also raw materials for foils based on egg nes by polycondensation of a glycol, e.g. B. ethylene glycols or butanediol and their mixtures with Terephthalic acid or mixtures of terephthalic acid with other dicarboxylic acids, such as. B. isophthalic acid, Di Form phenic acid and sebacic acid or their polyester the equivalent of crystallizable poly suitable ester, these polyesters according to known Processes are made.
Die Folie kann nach gleichfalls bekannten Verfahren und mit bekannten Vorrichtungen hergestellt werden. Es wird z. B. eine Polyesterschmelze bereitet, die als amorphe Folie auf eine hochglanzpolierte rotierende Gießwalze extrudiert wird, wo sie sich zur gegossenen Folie ver festigt. Die Folie wird anschließend axial gestreckt, und zwar bei einer monoaxial orientierten Folie in ei ner Richtung, d. h. entweder in Extrusionsrichtung (längs) oder senkrecht zur Extrusionsrichtung (quer), und bei einer biaxial orientierten Folie in zwei Rich tungen, d. h. sowohl in Längs- als auch in Querrichtung. Bei dem ersten an der gegossenen Folie durchgeführten Streckschritt kann beliebig in einer dieser beiden rechtwinklig zueinander verlaufenden Richtungen ge streckt werden. Daneben ist auch eine Simultanstreckung möglich. Der Verstreckungsgrad, durch den die Folie Fe stigkeit und Zähigkeit erhält, kann etwa das 3- bis 5 fache der ursprünglichen Abmessung der gegossenen Folie in einer oder beiden Richtungen betragen. Vorzugsweise liegt der Verstreckungsgrad im Bereich zwischen etwa dem 3,2- und 4,2-fachen der ursprünglichen Abmessung.The film can also by known methods and be made with known devices. It will e.g. B. prepares a polyester melt, which as an amorphous Foil on a highly polished rotating casting roller is extruded, where it ver ver to cast film consolidates. The film is then stretched axially, with a monoaxially oriented film in egg direction, d. H. either in the extrusion direction (lengthways) or perpendicular to the extrusion direction (crossways), and with a biaxially oriented film in two directions tungen, d. H. both lengthways and crossways. The first one performed on the cast film Stretching step can be done in either of these two directions perpendicular to each other be stretched. There is also a simultaneous extension possible. The degree of stretching through which the film Fe strength and toughness, the 3rd to 5th times the original dimension of the cast film in one or both directions. Preferably is the degree of stretching in the range between about 3.2 and 4.2 times the original dimension.
Polyethylenterephthalat, weiterhin abgekürzt als PET, neigt bei der Extrusion zum Abbau, insbesondere dann, wenn der bzw. die Rohstoffe einen zu hohen Restfeuchte gehalt aufweisen. Dabei zeigt es sich, daß der Rest feuchtegehalt gering sein muß, um den hydrolytischen Abbau vertretbar klein zu halten.Polyethylene terephthalate, further abbreviated as PET, tends to degrade during extrusion, especially if the raw material or the residual moisture is too high have content. It turns out that the rest moisture content must be low to the hydrolytic Keeping degradation reasonably small.
Um dies zu erreichen, ist es bekannt, daß bei der Her stellung von Polyesterfolien zu der Aufbereitung der Rohstoffe vorab ein Trocknungsschritt notwendig ist, bevor die Rohstoffe extrudiert, abgepumpt, filtriert und mittels einer Düseneinrichtung zu der Folie ausge formt werden können.To achieve this, it is known that the Her provision of polyester films for processing the A drying step is necessary in advance, before the raw materials are extruded, pumped out, filtered and out to the film by means of a nozzle device can be shaped.
Die Trocknung stellt einen sehr aufwendigen, teuren Verfahrenschritt dar, wobei für die Trocknungseinrich tungen ein hoher Platzbedarf erforderlich ist. Ein Ver zicht auf die Trocknung der Rohstoffe für die Deck schichten bringt im allgemeinen einen hohen hydrolyti schen Abbau des PET mit sich, was negative Auswirkungen auf die Folieneigenschaften hat.Drying is a very complex, expensive Process step represents, where for the drying a large amount of space is required. A ver not drying the raw materials for the deck Layers generally bring a high hydrolytic degradation of the PET with it, which has negative effects on the film properties.
Handelt es sich um eine koextrudierte Folie, bei der alle Schichten jeweils PET-Schichten sind, so gelten die voranstehenden Aussagen für alle Rohstoffe, die Bestandteile der Folie sind.Is it a co-extruded film in which all layers are each PET layers, so apply the preceding statements for all raw materials that Components of the film are.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren anzugeben, bei dem der kostenaufwendige Verfahrensschritt des Trocknens der Rohstoffe für die Deckschichten einer mehrschichtigen Folie entfallen kann.The object of the invention is to provide a method in which the costly process step of Drying the raw materials for the top layers of one multilayer film can be omitted.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß in der Weise gelöst, daßAccording to the invention, this object is achieved in such a way that that
- - die Rohstoffe der Deckschicht, die eine Intrinsic- Viskosität IV von 0,49 bis 0,66 haben, ungetrocknet der Extrusion zugeführt werden,- the raw materials of the top layer, which are intrinsic Have viscosity IV from 0.49 to 0.66, undried be fed to the extrusion,
- - während der Extrusion die Rohstoffe der Deckschich ten entgast werden und - The raw materials of the top layer during the extrusion be degassed and
- - das Extrudat mittels einer Zahnradpumpe über ein Filter zu einer Düseneinrichtung, ausgestattet mit oder ohne Pinole, gepumpt wird, in der die Schmel zen der Basisschicht und der Deckschicht bzw. Deck schichten zusammengeführt werden.- The extrudate by means of a gear pump Filter for a nozzle device equipped with or without a quill, in which the melt is pumped zen of the base layer and the cover layer or cover layers are merged.
Die weitere Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens nach der Er findung ergibt sich aus den Merkmalen der Patentansprü che 2 bis 7.The further design of the procedure according to the Er Finding results from the features of the patent claims che 2 to 7.
Mit der Erfindung werden die Vorteile erzielt, daß es trotz fehlender Trocknung der Rohstoffe des Deckschich tenmaterials zu einem relativ sehr geringeren Abbau in der oder in den Deckschichten kommt, daß stabile Strö mungsverhältnisse auch nach dem Zusammenfließen der Ba sisschichtschmelze und der Deckschichtschmelzen vorlie gen und daß für das Material der Deckschichten relativ niederviskose Rohstoffe eingesetzt werden können, wo durch sich eine Reduzierung der Materialkosten ergibt.With the invention, the advantages are achieved that it despite the lack of drying of the raw materials of the top layer material to a relatively very low degradation in who comes in or in the cover layers that stable currents conditions even after the confluence of the Ba sis layer melt and the top layer melt are available conditions and that relative to the material of the cover layers low-viscosity raw materials can be used where resulting in a reduction in material costs.
Als thermoplastische Polyestermaterialien werden im Rahmen der Erfindung Polyester-Homo- und -Copolymere, Gemische verschiedener Polyester sowie Abmischungen oder Blends von Polyestern mit anderen Polymeren ver wendet.As thermoplastic polyester materials in Within the scope of the invention, polyester homopolymers and copolymers, Mixtures of different polyesters as well as blends or blends of polyesters with other polymers turns.
Die Herstellung der Polyester kann sowohl nach dem Um esterungsverfahren, z. B. mit Hilfe der katalytischen Wirkung von z. B. Zn-, Ca-, Mn-, Li- oder Ge-Salzen, als auch nach dem Direktesterverfahren erfolgen. The production of the polyester can be done both after order esterification process, e.g. B. with the help of catalytic Effect of e.g. B. Zn, Ca, Mn, Li or Ge salts, as also take place according to the direct tester procedure.
Beispiele für Polyester sind Mono- oder Polykondensate aus Terephthalsäure oder Isophthalsäure, 2,6-Naphthalin dicarbonsäure mit Glykolen mit 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffato men, wie Polyethylenterephthalat, Polytetramethylen terephthalat, Polybutylenterephthalat, Poly-1,4-cyclo hexylen-dimethylenterepthalat, Polyethylen-2,6- naphthalindicarboxylat oder Polyethylen-p-hydroxy benzoat.Examples of polyesters are mono- or polycondensates from terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid with glycols with 2 to 10 carbon atoms such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-cyclo hexylene-dimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6- naphthalenedicarboxylate or polyethylene p-hydroxy benzoate.
Die Copolyester können als Bausteine auch Adipinsäure, Sebazinsäure, Phthalsäure, Isophthalsäure, 5-Na-sulfo isophthalat, polyfunktionelle Komponenten wie Trime lithsäure u. a. enthalten.The copolyesters can also contain adipic acid as building blocks, Sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 5-Na sulfo isophthalate, polyfunctional components such as trime lithic acid and a. contain.
Die Polyestergemische können beispielsweise aus Poly ethylenterephthalat und Polybutylenterephthalat oder Polyethylenterephthalat und wenigstens einem Alkali metallsalz eines Derivats der Sulfonsäure, wie z. B. der Sulfosiophthalsäure, bestehen.The polyester mixtures can for example be made of poly ethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate or Polyethylene terephthalate and at least one alkali metal salt of a derivative of sulfonic acid, such as. B. the Sulfosiophthalic acid exist.
Beispiele für Polymere, die in den Polyester eingear beitet oder eingemischt werden können, sind Polyolefin- Homo- oder -Copolymere, wie Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Poly-4-methylpenten, Ethylen-Vinylacetat-Copolymere, die ihrerseits verseift sein können, Ionomere, Poly amide, Polycarbonate, Polytetrafluorethylen, Poly sulfone u. a.Examples of polymers incorporated into the polyester processed or mixed in, are polyolefin Homo- or copolymers, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, Poly-4-methylpentene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, which in turn can be saponified, ionomers, poly amides, polycarbonates, polytetrafluoroethylene, poly sulfones and the like a.
Ein Rohstoff der Deckschicht bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren ist beispielsweise PET, das während der Ex trusion entgast wird, um den hydrolytischen Abbau der Intrinsic-Viskosität zu minimieren. Bei der Intrinsic- Viskosität handelt es sich um eine charakteristische Kenngröße der Viskosität eines gelösten Polymeren, näm lich dem Staudinger-Index, der den durch Extrapolation der Konzentration c zum auf c = 0 ermittelten Grenzwert der sogenannten Viskositätszahl darstellt. Innerhalb einer polymerhomologen Reihe steht der Staudinger-Index Jo mit dem Molekulargewicht M durch Jo = K×Mα in em pirischem Zusammenhang, wobei α ein vor allem von der Molekulargestalt abhängiger, zwischen 0,5 bis 1 lie gender Exponent ist und der sogenannte K-Wert eine von der gelösten Substanz und vom Lösungsmittel abhängige Konstante (Römpps-Chemie-Lexikon, 7. Auflage, 1977, S. 3827, linke Spalte). In der Praxis, wie sie dem Ver fahren zugrundeliegt, wird die Viskosität einer 1-%igen Lösung in Dichloressigsäure bei konstanter Temperatur von 25°C bestimmt.A raw material of the cover layer in the method according to the invention is, for example, PET, which is degassed during the extrusion in order to minimize the hydrolytic degradation of the intrinsic viscosity. The intrinsic viscosity is a characteristic parameter of the viscosity of a dissolved polymer, namely the Staudinger index, which represents the so-called viscosity number by extrapolating the concentration c to the limit value of c = 0. Within a polymer-homologous series, the Staudinger index J o is empirically related to the molecular weight M by J o = K × M α , where α is an exponent that is primarily dependent on the molecular shape and lies between 0.5 and 1 So-called K-value a constant dependent on the dissolved substance and the solvent (Römpps-Chemie-Lexikon, 7th edition, 1977, p. 3827, left column). In practice, as the process is based, the viscosity of a 1% solution in dichloroacetic acid is determined at a constant temperature of 25 ° C.
Der Abbau der Intrinsic-Viskosität IV der Rohstoffe, die nicht getrocknet werden, ist während des Extrusions vorgangs kleiner/gleich 0,03 und liegt insbesondere im Bereich von 0,02 bis 0,03. Es hat sich bei dem Verfah ren als zweckmäßig erwiesen, die Intrinsic-Viskositäten der wandnahen Deckschichten im Extruder während des Ex trusionsvorgangs geringer als die Intrinsic-Viskosität der Basisschicht zu halten. Dadurch wird eine größere Stabilität der Laminarströmung der aus dem Extruder aus tretenden Schmelze erreicht, was gleichbedeutend damit ist, daß die Strömung der in einer Mehrschichtdüse zu sammengeführten Schmelzen für die Basis- und die Deck schichten sehr stabil ist. Die Schmelze kann ebenso einer Düseneinrichtung zugeführt werden, die aus einer Pinole und einer Einschichtdüse besteht.The reduction of the intrinsic viscosity IV of the raw materials, which are not dried is during the extrusion operation less than / equal to 0.03 and lies in particular in Range from 0.02 to 0.03. The procedure ren proved to be expedient, the intrinsic viscosities the cover layers close to the wall in the extruder during the Ex trusion process less than the intrinsic viscosity to keep the base layer. This will make a bigger one Stability of the laminar flow from the extruder occurring melt, which is synonymous with it is that the flow in a multi-layer nozzle is too merged melts for the base and the deck layers is very stable. The melt can as well a nozzle device are supplied, which from a Quill and a single-layer nozzle.
Die Rohstoffe für die Deckschichten, die eine Intrinsic- Viskosität von 0,49 bis 0,66 haben, können beispiels weise einem Einschneckenextruder zugeführt werden, der im allgemeinen eine geringere Durchsatzspannweite, d. h. ein geringes Verhältnis von minimalem zu maximalem Durchsatz, als ein Zweischneckenextruder hat.The raw materials for the top layers, which are intrinsic Have viscosity from 0.49 to 0.66, for example be fed to a single screw extruder, the generally a smaller throughput spread, i. H. a low ratio of minimum to maximum Throughput than has a twin screw extruder.
Werden die Rohstoffe der Deckschicht bzw. der Deck schichten, die eine Intrinsic-Viskosität IV im Bereich von 0,49 bis 0,66 besitzen, einem Doppelschneckenextru der eingespeist, so erfolgt in diesem zumindest einmal, in der Regel jedoch zweimal, eine Entgasung der Deck schichtenschmelze. Durch die Entgasungseinrichtung ei nes derartigen Doppelschneckenextruders wird beispiels weise PET bei einer Restfeuchte gehalten, die zu einem Abbau der Intrinsic-Viskosität während des Extrudierens im Bereich von 0,02 bis 0,03 führt. Der Zweischnecken extruder hat gegenüber dem Einschneckenextruder den Vorteil der großen Spannweite an unterschiedlichen Schichtdickenverhältnissen zwischen der Basis- und den Deckschichten.Are the raw materials of the top layer or the deck layers that have an intrinsic viscosity IV in the range possess from 0.49 to 0.66, a twin screw extru which is fed in, this takes place at least once, usually twice, however, degassing the deck layer melting. Through the degassing device Such a twin screw extruder is used as an example wise PET kept at a residual moisture, which leads to a Decrease in intrinsic viscosity during extrusion leads in the range of 0.02 to 0.03. The twin screw extruder has the compared to the single screw extruder Advantage of the wide range of different Layer thickness ratios between the base and Top layers.
Claims (7)
- a) die Rohstoffe der Deckschicht, die eine Intrinsic- Viskosität IV von 0,49 bis 0,66 haben, ungetrock net der Extrusion zugeführt werden,
- b) während der Extrusion die Rohstoffe der Deckschich t(en) entgast werden und
- c) das Extrudat mittels einer Zahnradpumpe über ein Filter zu einer Düseneinrichtung, ausgestattet mit oder ohne Pinole, gepumpt wird, in der die Schmel zen der Basisschicht und der Deckschicht bzw. Deckschichten zusammengeführt werden.
- a) the raw materials of the top layer, which have an intrinsic viscosity IV of 0.49 to 0.66, are fed to the extrusion undried,
- (b) the raw materials of the outer layer (s) are degassed during the extrusion and
- c) the extrudate is pumped by means of a gear pump through a filter to a nozzle device, equipped with or without a sleeve, in which the melts of the base layer and the cover layer or cover layers are brought together.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4009638A DE4009638C2 (en) | 1990-03-26 | 1990-03-26 | Process for producing a coextruded film |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4009638A DE4009638C2 (en) | 1990-03-26 | 1990-03-26 | Process for producing a coextruded film |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE4009638A1 true DE4009638A1 (en) | 1991-10-02 |
| DE4009638C2 DE4009638C2 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| DE4009638A Expired - Fee Related DE4009638C2 (en) | 1990-03-26 | 1990-03-26 | Process for producing a coextruded film |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0668142A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-23 | Ribawood, S.A. | Method for coextrusion thermoformable panels |
| EP0727299A3 (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1997-03-05 | Icma Ind Costr Mac Affini | Method of producing composite materials, stratiform composites and containers made therefrom |
| WO1998005499A1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-12 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multilayered coloured plate made of a crystallising thermoplastic material, process for producing the same and its use |
| WO1998005498A1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-12 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co Kg | Multilayered, transparent coloured plate made of a crystallising thermoplastic material, process for producing the same and its use |
| WO1998016381A3 (en) * | 1996-10-14 | 1998-07-30 | Ursula Murschall | Crystallizable thermoplastic plate |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2451886A1 (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1975-12-18 | Koehring Co | PROCESS FOR DEGASSING HYGROSCOPIC RESIN MATERIAL AND DEGASSING EXTRUDER FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS |
| DE3500094A1 (en) * | 1984-01-04 | 1985-07-18 | Cibie Projecteurs S.A., Bobigny | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL THEREFORE OBTAINED |
| EP0336520A1 (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1989-10-11 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the processing of a thermoplastic polycondensation polymer |
| EP0343280A2 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-29 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft | Method of extruding and a one-two or multiscrew extruder |
-
1990
- 1990-03-26 DE DE4009638A patent/DE4009638C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2451886A1 (en) * | 1974-06-07 | 1975-12-18 | Koehring Co | PROCESS FOR DEGASSING HYGROSCOPIC RESIN MATERIAL AND DEGASSING EXTRUDER FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS |
| DE3500094A1 (en) * | 1984-01-04 | 1985-07-18 | Cibie Projecteurs S.A., Bobigny | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A COMPOSITE MATERIAL AND COMPOSITE MATERIAL THEREFORE OBTAINED |
| EP0336520A1 (en) * | 1988-04-08 | 1989-10-11 | Dsm N.V. | Process for the processing of a thermoplastic polycondensation polymer |
| EP0343280A2 (en) * | 1988-05-27 | 1989-11-29 | Rhone-Poulenc Rhodia Aktiengesellschaft | Method of extruding and a one-two or multiscrew extruder |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0668142A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-23 | Ribawood, S.A. | Method for coextrusion thermoformable panels |
| EP0727299A3 (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1997-03-05 | Icma Ind Costr Mac Affini | Method of producing composite materials, stratiform composites and containers made therefrom |
| US5743986A (en) * | 1995-02-14 | 1998-04-28 | Icma San Giorgio S.P.A. | Method of producing composite materials, stratiform composites, and containers made therefrom |
| US6221288B1 (en) | 1995-02-14 | 2001-04-24 | Icma San Giorgio S.P.A. | Method of producing composite materials and stratiform composites |
| WO1998005499A1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-12 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Multilayered coloured plate made of a crystallising thermoplastic material, process for producing the same and its use |
| WO1998005498A1 (en) * | 1996-07-31 | 1998-02-12 | Aventis Research & Technologies Gmbh & Co Kg | Multilayered, transparent coloured plate made of a crystallising thermoplastic material, process for producing the same and its use |
| WO1998016381A3 (en) * | 1996-10-14 | 1998-07-30 | Ursula Murschall | Crystallizable thermoplastic plate |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4009638C2 (en) | 2000-11-09 |
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