DE3817363A1 - SHUTTERING DEVICE FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF SEVERAL ARC-SHAPED FINISHED PRECISION PARTS FROM CONCRETE OR THE LIKE. AND PRECAST ITEM PRODUCED WITH IT - Google Patents

Abstract

The shuttering serves for simultaneously making a set of annular finished elements of different standard sizes. It has concentrically arranged shuttering rings 2 to 6 forming between them shaping spaces which are limited at the lower end by bottom rings 12 to 15 and which are filled from the upper end with a paper concrete. After lifting and turning, the shuttering is deposited on a pallet 39, against which it is firmly pressed by means of a clamping device 44 to 46. The bottom rings 12 to 15 are connected via ejector rods 24 to a setting plate 30 which is displaceable relative to the shuttering rings 2 to 6 by means of a hydraulic setting device 35, in order first to compact the concrete in the shaping spaces and then, after the release of the clamping device, to eject the set of finished elements. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a formwork device for the same early manufacture of several arcuately curved finished Parts made of concrete or the like in different standard sizes of constant, essentially rectangular Profile cross-section, consisting of form spaces between them Formwork walls made of bent sheet metal strips, the concentric to each other by connecting elements arrangement are kept.

Such a formwork device is known (US-PS 13 05 704). With this device, semi-arches are curved evenly made of concrete. The formwork walls are upright standing, extending along a semicircular arc Sheet metal strips formed, which ver by plates at their ends are bound, which form the between the formwork walls Limit the shape spaces on the front side. The upright Formwork walls on a base are on the arch side held between two flat half rings, which over the Scha Project walls and into recesses in the two recesses right end plates are set. The mold room floor forming flat half rings can at least partially with be provided on an inclined surface in order to produce the To give the concrete part an appropriate profile.  

The known formwork device thus offers the advantage opportunity to use several concrete arches of different To produce standard sizes at the same time. The featured for this However, the device is complicated and expensive because they double the number in addition to the formwork walls of half rings with different dimensions as well as two end walls with a corresponding number of Aus has savings for the half rings. In addition, because of the poor support of the formwork walls only on their Ends and at their bottom edge as well as the half rings only on the ends of the parts are dimensionally stable with appropriate strengths must be carried out in order to produce deviations in shape keep finished parts within permissible limits.

But the awkward hand is even more important habung the known formwork device. The many single Parts need to be time-consuming before pouring the concrete Way to be put together. Then it is time for stripping rum a complete disassembly of the device in their individual parts required. Assembling and disassembling The device is characterized by the high weight of the metal existing items significantly more difficult. They are too no measures are provided to facilitate the Zu assembly or disassembly of the formwork device can.

Finally, in view of the poor support of the formwork walls and a necessary required slight play between the assembled parts, which is increased by wear and deformation, deviations from the intended shape and dimensions of the finished parts are accepted. Accordingly, no high quality of the finished parts manufactured with the known formwork device is guaranteed.

Accordingly, the invention is based on the object the formwork device easier and so to train that with less effort and time arched curved finished parts with different dimensions and improved dimensional accuracy produced in a rational manner can be. This also makes processing easier availability of the finished parts.

According to the invention, the aforementioned object is achieved in that that the formwork walls as an endlessly closed formwork rings are formed with the connecting elements bil end radial struts are firmly connected that in each mold space formed between adjacent formwork rings an axially displaceable base ring is arranged, of which axial out through holes in the radial struts launcher rods protrude downwards, the ends of which are fixed with a plate are connected so that the radial struts are fixed on one supporting frame connected to them are supported, which the ejector rods extended from the mold rooms and a flat lower support surface for setting up the Scha tion device on a vibrating table that the Formwork device Support pin for hanging the formwork device on a lifting device, for turning the raised Formwork device and to hold down the formwork direction by means of a clamping device and that an adjusting device for the axial adjustment of the adjusting plate with the ejector rods opposite the radial struts with the Formwork ribs is provided.

It is already a formwork device for manufacturing of concrete rings between annularly closed sheet metal shells known with a push-up base ring for molding  (DE-PS 31 46 312). With this only two sheet metal coats Send formwork device can only one at a time only concrete ring can be made, and also one after the other only concrete rings with the same dimensions can be manufactured len. It therefore leads to a significant device and Time spent when concrete rings in different standard sizes to be manufactured. Incidentally, the known Training the bottom ring made in two parts and not in fitted the space between the two sheet metal shells, so that it can only be lifted when stripping, after which was previously pulled up the outer sheet metal jacket.

Furthermore, it is already known to finish several at the same time parts between firmly connected parallel form pour walls, fitted between the mold floors, the are interconnected and common to a specific one Height adjustable and high for ejecting the finished parts are mobile (DE-PS 25 51 476). However, here are none Arches or rings but flat plates of the same in each case Dimensions made from plaster.

Finally, it is also known a formwork device for casting concrete parts before stripping using to use a lifting device (DE-OS 34 37 462). In this case however, it is not a formwork device for the production of concrete arches or concrete rings. Besides, he follows the turning in a complicated and correspondingly complex ger way in which the shape of a support to a tipping table is handed over and ver both parts in opposite directions be pivoted.

In the formwork device according to the invention Circumferential direction closed formwork rings to a he increased stability as well as shape and dimensional accuracy. The pressure of the filled concrete is evenly distributed on the  Formwork rings, essentially from bending stresses remain free. This enables thin-walled formwork rings at the same time high dimensional accuracy of the finished product parts. This also applies to the inside and outside lying formwork ring that does not go through on both sides the filling pressure are applied and therefore possibly a little stronger than the middle formwork rings can be executed. Overall, it is comparatively light and good device to be handled. Working with this device The additional measures are also taken lightened and can be used by operating personnel without any special Expertise to be carried out. Because the formwork rings are firmly connected, there is no elaborate Assemble or disassemble the device before or after every filling with concrete.

By adjusting the positioning plate with the ejector rods the height of the mold spaces can be varied so that they correspond rings with different needs axial width can be produced. After filling of concrete and turning, the bottom rings are down Formwork device held by means of the actuator over a predetermined distance or with a predetermined force retracted to compact the concrete and the axial width or height of the finished parts to be manufactured to obtain. Then the hold-down instep device solved so that when the floor is retracted further wrestle the formwork by pushing out the finished parts takes place, with the formwork device being raised and the finished parts remain on the stand. This can ge from a transport plate for the concrete rings forms on which the formwork device after Turning was turned off. This also contributes to a rational len production with little time and minimal bean  operator. The proposed ver Working with only moist concrete has the same effect Sense, because then the stamped or shaken concrete stuck when turning in the narrow mold spaces and a covering or closing the mold spaces beforehand drop and can also be immediately switched off, which is a high Manufacturing performance favors.

Appropriate refinements and developments result from the subclaims.

The intended release of ejector rods and fixed put in the retracted position has the sense that at un same need for the different standard sizes on simple Way, the mold space for one needed in a smaller number Size simply by lifting the relevant one individually Bottom ring is closed, so that then in the rest same manufacture the size in question within the Size range is left out.

The rings produced need not have a circular shape sen, but can also from others, for example ellipti be, shape - depending on the intended curvature of the Formwork rings. For the rest, it is intended not just ring shaped finished parts, but also arched finished parts such as To produce half arches or quarter arches. This would be thereby achieve that in the mold spaces in correspond the angular distances are distributed over the mold space height stretching partitions are used. Such an approach would, however, complicate the manufacture considerably it should also be borne in mind that as described above who may also be working with mold rooms of different heights that should. Therefore, it is in the interest of an inexpensive manufacturer provision of a wide range of different finished parts  provided in different shapes and sizes that too next complete rings are made, which then in appropriate sheets can be divided.

In this context as well as for simple forwarding According to the invention, work is an arcuate curve Finished part provided that consists of a sawable and nailable Material consists of paper strips bound with lime contains. Such a precast ring can be easily and quickly saw into an appropriate number of sheets. The Part can of course also be adapted on site edit and adapt to the local conditions easily bring, for example by nailing, the slight Weight is of great advantage. The paper strips that expediently from inexpensive recycled paper or Newsprint comes from and with a width of for example 6 to 8 mm cut, lead to a certain Reinforcing effect and a strength that for many applications sufficient cases. Accordingly, the fiction finished parts as formwork elements for use for Aus savings in concrete walls and concrete ceilings or even as Scha lungs or lost formwork for masonry openings seen.

The aforementioned paper-concrete is a mixture of lime and paper. The lime is commercially available from ground Tuff and slaked lime delivered in a 1: 1 ratio. It is a particularly elastic, creamy, hydraulic one Binder that prevents efflorescence. The paper- Concrete becomes liquefied by immersing the paper strips in it ten lime and subsequent draining. The leads to a structure that resembles Heraklith-Plat ten. The corresponding formwork elements in paper Concrete is elastic and at the same time rigid, saw and  nailable, light and easy to process. The Material costs are particularly low because waste paper is plentiful is available and shredded paper can be used can, as they arise with the shredding of files.

An embodiment of the device according to the invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of a schematic drawing explained. It shows

Figure 1 shows the formwork device in plan view.

Fig. 2 is a partial vertical section along line II-II in Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale and

Fig. 3 to 6 vertical sections through the device at different times of manufacture, namely after filling the concrete in the mold spaces, after turning the device, after the compression and after the formwork from the finished parts.

Referring to FIG. 1 5 and 6, the formwork device 1 five shuttering rings 2, 3, 4, in which different sizes are arranged on wise and substantially concentrically around the axis 7 of the formwork device. The formwork rings 2 to 6 are formed by sheet metal strips, the upper edges of which are each in one plane. As shown, the outer formwork rings 2 and 6 are designed somewhat stronger than the inner formwork rings 3 to 5 . The formwork rings 2 to 6 form four mold spaces 8, 9, 10 and 11 between them . The shape of the formwork rings 2 to 6 shown in FIG. 1 corresponds to the shape of the curved finished parts to be produced. In the example shown, this shape differs from the circular shape and corresponds in each case to the shape of two basket arches connected in a ring shape with their ends.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the mold spaces 8 to 11 are open at the top and closed on their underside by base rings 12, 13, 14 and 15 . The formwork rings 2 to 6 are based on two radial struts 16 and 17 , with which they are firmly connected. The radial struts 16 and 17 intersect at right angles and extend along the small axis and the major axis of the approximately elliptical in form of the development rings 2 to 6 . The radial struts 16 and 17 are stable metal supports which are welded to one another and to the formwork rings 2 to 6 . The radial struts 16 and 17 have at their ends which extend slightly beyond the outer formwork ring 2 , each because a support pin 18 with a radially projecting retaining ring 19 .

The radial struts 16 and 17 lie according to FIGS. 2 and 3 on a support frame 20 , with which they are firmly welded. The support frame 20 is a protruding extension of the outer formwork ring 2 . The lower end edge 21 of the support frame forms a support surface for placing the formwork device 1 on a vibrating table 22 indicated in FIG. 3.

As can be seen most clearly from FIG. 2, the floor rings 12 to 15, which are arranged with play between the formwork rings 2 to 6, each carry a corresponding ring-shaped support 23 which, on its inner circumference and on its outer circumference, lies sealingly against the relevant formwork ring and, for example, from one rubber-like material can exist. With each bottom ring 12 to 15 four ejector stems 24 are screwed, which protrude downward parallel to the axis 7 of the device 1 , are offset from one another by 90 ° and are each guided by a bushing 25 , which relate to a corresponding vertical bore 26 in the the radial strut 16 or 17 is used. The sockets 25 have at their lower end a radial flange 27 with mounting holes Be and are easily replaced by screws 28 screwed into the radial struts 16 and 17 . The bushings 25 can be made of plastic or brass, for example.

The ejector rods 24 have an axial threaded bore 29 at their lower end and are connected to a common adjusting plate 30 , against which they are tightened by means of threaded holes 29 screwed into the Ge 29 bolts 31 . The adjusting plate 30 and the associated throwing rods 24 are also received in the downwardly extended position according to FIG. 2 within the correspondingly high support frame 20 .

In each vertical bore 26 of the struts 16 and 17 opens a horizontal threaded bore 32 into which a cap screw 33 is normally only screwed in so far that it does not block the ejector rod 24 concerned . Such blocking occurs only when the associated four ejector rods 24 of the same base ring are released from the setting plate 30 by removing the screw bolts 31 and are in the raised position in which the base ring closes the relevant mold space at its upper end by one Prevent filling with concrete.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 to 6, by means of a mounting plate 34 only indicated in FIG. 1 on the support cross formed by the radial struts 16 and 17 in the axis 7 of the device before an actuator 35 is attached. This Stellein device 35 has a hydraulically extendable telescopic piston 36 , the end of which is connected via a mounting plate 37 to the adjusting plate 30 .

As seen from Fig. 3 to 6, the device 1 via Schalungsvorrich acting on the support pin 18 carrying cables 38 suspended from a not shown lifting device. Two diametrically opposed support pins 18 , for example the support pins on the radial strut 16 , form a pivot axis for turning the raised formwork device. However, it is expedient to also hang the device on the two other trunnions in order to obtain a stable suspension and, if necessary, to initiate and control the turning process by pulling in or extending these supporting ropes.

There are pallets 39 with a plate 40 and two feet 41 made of wood, one of which is placed after lifting the concrete-filled formwork device 1 on the vibrating table 22 , on which the formwork device is then placed after turning ( Fig. 4).

The adjusting device 35 to which the extension and retraction of the telescopic piston 36, two hydraulic lines are connected 42 (Fig. 3) serves also for rings Preßverdichtung the parked in the formwork apparatus 1 on the pallet 39 concrete. For this purpose, four laterally projecting clamping pins 43 are arranged on the vibrating table 22 , on which the supporting pin 18 can be directed at the outer ends of the radial struts 16, 17 . To tighten the formwork device 1 against the vibrating table 22 or the pallet 39 , a Spanneinrich device in the form of four turnbuckles 44 is provided, each of which has two threaded rods 45 and 46 , which with eyes 47 and 48 on a trunnion 18 or leave the assigned clamping pin 43 attached.

The formwork rings 2 to 6 are made of a corrosion-resistant steel sheet, which rings 3 to 5 in the middle formwork, for example, has a thickness of only 2.5 mm. The formwork rings are dimensioned so that the annular finished parts 49, 50, 51 and 52 produced in the mold spaces 8 to 11 correspond to standard values. The axial width or height of the finished parts 49 to 52 depends on the distance between the adjusting plate 30 and the radial struts 16, 17 , which is selected at the beginning of the manufacturing process by means of the adjusting device 35 . For example, finished parts 49 to 52 can be manufactured in sets with axial widths (heights) of 11.5 cm, 17.5 cm or 24 cm. The thickness of the finished parts can be 6 cm, for example, depending on the distance between the formwork rings 2 to 6 . The formwork rings 2 to 6 can have diameters (long diameters) of 113.5 cm, 101 cm, 88.5 cm, 76 cm and 63.5 cm, which leads to finished parts 49 to 52 which correspond to the standardized nominal dimensions in the body-in-white. The above values are examples. Other shapes, widths, diameters and wall thicknesses can also be provided.

The formwork device 1 described works in the following manner: First, the device is placed on the vibrating table 22 by means of the lifting device and the carrying cables 38 , as illustrated in FIG. 3. The bottom rings 12 to 15 are adjusted together to the intended height by means of the adjusting device 35 . Then the mold spaces 8 to 11 are filled with the above-described paper-concrete while simultaneously shaking the device.

Now the filled formwork device is lifted, turned through 180 ° and set down again on a pallet 39 placed on the vibrating table 22 , as illustrated in FIG. 4.

Then the turnbuckles 44 are attached and tightened with the threaded rods 45 and 46 , whereupon the device 35 is actuated and the base rings 12 to 15 are partially retracted into the mold spaces 8 to 11 , so that the filled concrete is compacted accordingly ( FIG. 5 ). Then the turnbuckles 44 with the threaded rods 45 and 46 are released and removed, whereupon the adjusting device 35 is completely retracted, as shown in FIG. 6. As a result, the formwork rings 2 to 6 are raised relative to the floor rings 12 to 15 and the finished parts are pushed out of the mold spaces 8 to 11 . The finished parts 49 to 52 are now ent switched on the pallet 39 and can be moved away immediately by means of a forklift so that the Schalungsvorrich device 1 is available for the production of another set of finished parts.

If not all finished parts of the set are required in the same number, only the more popular finished parts can be produced with the formwork device. For this purpose, the four ejector rods 24 , which are assigned to the base ring, in the molding space of which the finished part that is not required is normally produced, are locked in the position shown in FIG. 6 by tightening the cap screws 33 and released from the adjusting plate 30 by removing the screw bolts 31 . Then, even after actuation of the actuating device 35 and the turning of the device, the mold space concerned is closed, so that only the other mold spaces are filled with concrete and only the corresponding finished parts are produced.

It is easily possible to saw through the ring-shaped finished parts 49 to 52 after they have been fully tied to form half arches (basket arches) or quarter arches. It can be seen that the formwork device is also suitable for processing other types of concrete than the paper-concrete described, for example of so-called wood concrete, which consists of cement and sawdust or wood shavings, with or with little additions of sand and stone dust. Before mixing with cement, the wooden parts are usually "mineralized" with cement milk, lime milk, calcium chloride or a similar solution, which stiffens the wood fibers and provides a better adhesive surface for the cement. Wood concrete is also very well suited for formwork due to its low weight and ease of processing by sawing and nailing. With a plastic fabric reinforcement, the strength can be increased or the sensitivity to breakage reduced without the aforementioned properties being lost. Before preferably paper-concrete is processed.

Reference symbol list

1 formwork device
2 formwork ring
3 formwork ring
4 formwork ring
5 formwork ring
6 formwork ring
7 axis
8 molding space
9 molding space
10 molding space
11 molding space
12 bottom ring
13 bottom ring
14 bottom ring
15 bottom ring
16 radial strut
17 radial strut
18 trunnions
19 circlip
20 support frames
21 front edge
22 vibrating table
23rd edition
24 ejector rod
25 socket
26 vertical bore
27 radial flange
28 screw
29 threaded hole
30 shelf
31 bolts
32 threaded hole
33 cap screw
34 mounting plate
35 adjusting device
36 telescopic pistons
37 mounting plate
38 suspension cable
39 pallet
40 plate
41 feet
42 hydraulic lines
43 clamping pins
44 turnbuckle
45 threaded rod
46 threaded rod
47 eye
48 eye
49 finished part
50 finished part
51 finished part
52 finished part

Claims (10)

1. Formwork device for the simultaneous production of several curved, prefabricated parts ( 49 to 52 ) made of concrete or the like in different standard sizes, each with a constant, essentially rectangular profile cross-section, consisting of formwork walls ( 2 to 6 ) forming form spaces ( 8 to 11 ). Made of bent sheet metal strips which are held in a mutually concentric arrangement by connecting elements ( 16, 17 ), characterized in that the formwork walls are formed as endlessly closed formwork rings ( 2 to 6 ) which form the radial struts ( 16, 17 ) are firmly connected that in each between adjacent formwork rings ( 2 to 6 ) formed mold space ( 8 to 11 ) an axially displaceable floor ring ver ( 12 to 15 ) is arranged, of which through holes ( 26 ) in the radial struts ( 16, 17th ) guided axial ejector rods ( 24 ) project downwards, the ends of which are connected to a positioning plate ( 30 ) That the radial struts ( 16, 17 ) are supported on a support frame ( 20 ) which is firmly connected to them and which removes the ejector rods ( 24 ) extended from the mold ( 8 to 11 ) and has a flat lower bearing surface ( 21 ) On the formwork device ( 1 ) on a vibrating table ( 22 ) has that the formwork device ( 1 ) supporting pin ( 18 ) for attaching the formwork device to a lifting device, for turning the raised formwork device and for holding down the formwork device by means of a tensioning device ( 44 , 45, 46 ) and that an adjusting device ( 35 ) for the axial adjustment of the adjusting plate ( 30 ) with the ejector rods ( 24 ) relative to the radial struts ( 16, 17 ) with the formwork rings ( 2 to 6 ) is provided. 2. Formwork device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ejector rods ( 24 ) are individually releasably connected to the setting plate ( 30 ) and the released ejector rods ( 24 ) individually in a relevant in the mold space ( 8 to 11 ) retracted NEN position can be determined . 3. Formwork device according to claim 2, characterized in that the ejector rods ( 24 ) are each connected by an axially in their lower end a screwed bolt ( 36 ) with the adjusting plate ( 30 ) and each by a transverse to the radial strut ( 16, 17 ) in these screwed screw ( 33 ) are lockable. 4. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ejector rods ( 24 ) in guided on the radial struts ( 16, 17 ) attached bushings ( 25 ) are guided. 5. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bottom rings ( 12 to 15 ) on their the mold space ( 8 to 11 ) be bordering bearing a support ( 23 ) which seals the adjacent formwork rings ( 2nd to 6 ). 6. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the supporting pin ( 18 ) for attaching the formwork device ( 1 ) at the outer ends of the radial struts ( 16, 17 ) are arranged. 7. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the supporting pin ( 18 ) for attaching the formwork device ( 1 ) are also abutments for the clamping device ( 44, 45, 46 ) for holding down the turned formwork device. 8. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that five Scha development rings ( 2 to 6 ) to form four mold spaces ( 8 to 11 ) and for the simultaneous production of four finished parts ( 49 to 52 ) are provided. 9. Formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the formwork rings ( 2 to 6 ) a double basket arch are approximately elliptically curved. 10. With a formwork device according to one of claims 1 to 9 manufactured arcuate curved finished part ( 49 to 52 ), in particular as a formwork element for use for recesses in concrete walls and concrete ceilings or as formwork or lost formwork for masonry openings, characterized in that it consists of consists of a sawable and nailable material that contains strips of paper bound with lime.