DE3840330A1 - Flow limiter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a flow limiter (1) for media flowing in conduits, having an elastic throttle body (4) arranged in a housing (3), for the pressure-dependent variation of the flow cross-section. In this case, the flow limiter (1) according to the invention has, apart from the throttle body (4) which is deformed as a function of pressure in its housing (3), a manually actuable and adjustable control part (8), which can be adjusted to vary the flow cross-section of the passage channel (10) in the flow direction (Pf1). The flow limiter (1) according to the invention can be set to various water quantities per unit time flowing through it, and can correspondingly be used for a multiplicity of applications (Fig. 1). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a flow limiter for in Leitun flowing media with an elastic, in a housing arranged throttle body for pressure-dependent change of Flow cross-section.

Such flow restrictors are used as throttles in a river liquid flow, for example in a water pipe sets to the amount of water or liquid flowing through to regulate a more or less constant flow. Before known flow restrictors usually consist of at least a control housing as well as one that deforms depending on the pressure Elastomer part that acts as a throttle body according to its jewei lige deformation changed the flow cross-section.

So you already know a flow limiter that is in an out Take his housing on an annular throttle body points, which rests on the downstream side on a ring shoulder (see DE-PS 26 16 566). The throttle body of this known Flow limiter forms together with one in it centric spigot one from the inlet side to the Outlet side of the limiter running through ring shape for the medium flowing through.  

In the protruding into the throttle body closes in Direction of flow a control cone, which is in a Flow direction conically expanding housing cavity be finds. Also between the control cone and the neighboring one The area of the housing is an annular gap as a passage intended for the medium flowing through. With an outflow provided on the side of the control cone ring flange with through the housing accommodates the control cone cavity largely closed. The one in the throttle body protruding cone forms together with the adjoining it ß the control cone of this known flow restrictor a uniform control section.

However, like most other flow restrictors this known flow limiter has the disadvantage that it le diglich designed for a certain flow rate (l / min) is.

There is therefore the task of a flow limiter to create the type mentioned at the beginning, which also in various ne flow rates adjustable and accordingly versatile can be used. The noise level should be this through flow limiter as low as possible and its tax characteristic should be as good as possible.

The inventive solution to this problem is in particular special in that in addition to the deforming depending on pressure Throttle body in the flow restrictor housing a manual Actuatable and adjustable control part for changing the Flow rate is provided.

While the elastic and deforming depending on pressure Throttle body in a known manner by its Ver the flow cross-section of the Flow limiter changed and the flowing rivers amount of liquid to a more or less constant flow regulates flow, can be adjusted with the help of the adjustable control part  manually change the initially selected amount of water and open it a new setpoint can be set. The fiction moderate flow limiter can therefore be individually tailored to the set amount of water and is corresponding versatile.

With a flow limiter with an elastic throttle body, which is preferably in a recess of the housing housed and the downstream control part is switched, which is in a housing cavity of the housing or the like to form an annular gap. Passageway is arranged sees an embodiment according to the invention before that the control part to change the flow cross section of the passage channel in the flow direction ver is adjustable. Such an embodiment of the invention Flow limiter is simple and requires little effort adjustable.

Especially with a flow limiter, whose in the Ge Control section located in the housing cavity is preferably designed as a control cone, with between the control cone and the neighboring one, in flow direction expediently expanding area of the housing hollow space an annular gap is formed, it is useful if the control part preferably at its downstream end area via an adjusting means, in particular via a ver setting thread is held in the housing, and if for this purpose moderately, the control part has an external thread that engages in an internal thread of the housing. You can as an adjusting means on the outside of the control part and Provided inside the housing, interlockable Gears can be provided. However, an off is preferred guidance in which the control part has an external thread, which engages in an internal thread of the housing.  

To the control unit easily and easily from the outside to be able to adjust the desired amount of water Control part preferably on its downstream end side one designed in particular as a hexagon socket Point of attack for a twist key.

A further development according to the invention, for the self-employed ger protection is claimed, provides that the outside of the control cone and / or in the flow direction widening inside of the housing ring or cascade has gradations. These gradations on the Au outside of the control cone and / or on the control cone neighboring inside of the housing lead to a min change in the flow rate of the flow restrictor flowing medium and thus above all to a Ge Low noise level, which would hardly be possible with known methods. Even if, for example, the Durchflußbe invention limiter set to a water volume of about 12 l / min its noise level is still within the desired limit areas.

In addition, these gradations are comparatively one fold producible, what the low manufacturing cost of flow restrictor according to the invention additionally be favorable.

Another, particularly useful training from eige It may be worthy of protection that the Throttle body is approximately annular and inside of its ring area at least one in the flow direction has oriented recess.

By means of those oriented in the flow direction The throttle has recesses caused by wall weakening have greater flexibility and elasticity, so that even at lower pressures the intended through flow setpoint reached and this setpoint increases  Pressure can be kept with good accuracy. Through the se improvement of the control characteristic of the invention Flow limiter becomes its versatility even more favored.

Due to the significantly increased elastic compliance of the with recessed throttle body, the essential is greater than the Ela present from the material alone stability, are also smaller designs of the Throttle body possible. Despite that for the adjustable Control part required space can be a flow limiter, the throttle body orien in the flow direction t notches, therefore still comparatively train compact.

Further development of the invention are in further subclaims listed. Below this is based on advantageous leadership examples in connection with the figures even closer explained.

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a flow shown in a longitudinal section with an adjustable limiter control part-adjusting in different positions of the control part (Fig. 1a to 1c),

Fig. 2 the flow restrictor (Fig. 2a) of FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section with two different half-side cut ge illustrated housing adapters (Fig. 2b and 2c),

Fig. 3 shows the control part of the flow limiter from Fig. 1 u. 2 in a partial longitudinal section ( FIG. 3a) and in a top view on the inflow side ( FIG. 3b),

Fig. 4, the control housing of the flow restrictor of Fig. 1 and 2 in a longitudinal section ( Fig. 4a) and egg ner upstream top view ( Fig. 4b) and

Fig. 5 a compared to that of Fig. 1 u. 2 modified and particularly compact flow restrictors.

Fig. 1 shows a generally designated 1 Durchflußbe limiter for media flowing in lines in a longitudinal section. The flow limiter 1 has in a zyIindri's recess 2 of the control housing 3 an elastic, practically automatically deforming under the pressure difference forming when flowing through on throttle body 4 for pressure-dependent change in the flow cross-section. The throttle body 4 is approximately annular and is located on the downstream side with an annular surface on an annular shoulder or a shoulder 5 of the recess 2 , this support on the one hand a seal and on the other hand also a sliding coating for radial movements of the throttle body 4 bil det.

As can be clearly seen in Fig. 1a, engages in the throttle body 4, a pin 6 , which forms with the throttle body a ver from the inlet side to the outlet side of the limiter 1 out, centric continuous annulus 7 .

With a corresponding flow pressure, in particular in the vicinity of paragraph 5, the throttle body 4 is deformed and constricted by the dynamic pressure of the water between the throttle body 4 and the inside of the cylindrical recess 2 . This deformation of the elastomeric Dros selkörpers 4 , the flow cross-section in the region of the passage annulus 7 is changed depending on the pressure formed during the flow of the medium pressure-dependent, so that the amount of water or liquid flowing through is practically automatically adjusted to a more or less constant flow.

According to the flow limiter 1 in its housing 3 in addition to the pressure-dependent deforming Dros selkörper 4, a manually operated and adjustable control part 8 , with which the flow rate changes who can. The control part 8 is downstream of the throttle body 4 and arranged with its area formed as a control cone 9 in a housing cavity which widens in the direction of flow. With the neighboring th and widening in the direction of flow of the housing 3 , the control cone 9 of the control part 8 forms egg NEN annular gap 10 or the like. Passage channel.

As shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, the control part for changing the flow cross section of the passage channel designed as an annular gap 10 is adjustable in the flow direction and counter to the flow direction. For this purpose, the control part 8 has an external thread 11 at its downstream end region, which engages in an internal thread of the housing 3 . The external thread 11 of the control part 8 is provided on the outer side of its annular flange 13, with which the control part 8 substantially closes at its downstream end portion to the control part 8 housing receiving cavity of the housing. 3 As through openings for the medium flowing through the flow limiter 1 , the ring flange 13 — not shown in FIGS . 1a to 1c — has ring slots oriented in the flow direction.

While the elastic and pressure-dependent deforming throttle body 4 practically automatically changes the flow cross-section in a manner known per se by its deformations and regulates the amount of liquid flowing through to a more or less constant flow, the adjustable control part 8 can be used to manually adjust the initially selected amount of water changed and adjusted to a new setpoint. The flow limiter 1 can therefore be set individually to the amount of water required and can be set, for example, to amounts of water between 4 and 12 l / min.

In Fig. 1a, the control part 8 is shown in its upper adjustment position in the housing 3 . In this adjustment position, the base of the hemispherical pin 6 is approximately in one plane with the annular shoulder or the shoulder 5 of the housing 3 . In this adjustment position, the flow cross section in the area of the continuous annular space 7 and the annular gap 10 is relatively small.

By adjusting the control part 8 in the direction of flow Pf 1 , an average adjustment position - shown in FIG. 1b - can be achieved. In this adjustment position, the shoulder 5 lies only in one plane with a partial cross-sectional area of the pin 6 . Compared to Fig. 1a, both the continuous annulus 7 and the annular gap 10 have a significantly larger flow cross-section.

Fig. 1c shows the flow restrictor 1 in its lower adjusting position in which the control member 8 is no longer penetrates with its hemispherical pin 6 in the throttle body 4 and the flow annulus is limited only by the inside of the throttle body 4 7. At the same time, the conically expanding inside of the housing 3 and the adjacent outside of the control cone 9 have a practically maximum distance from one another, so that the flow limiter 1 can flow through a large amount of water per unit time, the pressure dependent on the throttle body 4 to a certain one Setpoint is adjusted.

In Fig. 2a, the flow limiter 1 is shown again in its upper adjustment position - already shown in Fig. 1a. The flow limiter 1 has on its outer side an annular shoulder 14 to about housing adapter 15 a , 15 b (see. Fig. 2b, 2c), in which the flow limiter 1 can be used up to its annular shoulder 14 , at the top and lower edge of its housing 3 to get a Mon day or stop flange.

Thus, the flow limiter 1 , as is often the case, between the valve outlet and a jet regulator, for example, installed in a water pipe.

The control part 8 of the flow limiter 1 from Fig. 1 u. 2 is shown in FIG. 3a in a partial longitudinal section and in FIG. 3b in an upstream side view.

It can be clearly seen that the control part 8 on its upstream end face has a ausgebil end as hexagon socket and preferably accessible from outside attack point 16 for a - not shown here - twisting key. After inserting the twisting key into the hexagon socket 16 , the control part 8 in the housing cavity of the housing 3 can be adjusted in the direction of flow and counter to the direction of flow.

As shows FIG. 3, the pin 6 at a radial distance is approximately centrally located from the outer edge of the inflow-side end face of the control part 8. At the pin 6 of the control part 8 , the cross-section on the outflow side, it widens and is designed here as a truncated cone control cone 9 .

At its outflow region, the control part 8 has the through openings 17 and in the use position in Ge the housing cavity of the housing 3 ver closing ring flange 13 . Between the control cone 9 and the ring flange 13 , a control section 18 of constant cross section is provided.

From Fig. 3b it is clear that the angeord Neten on the ring flange 13 , extending approximately in the direction of flow through openings 17 are formed as ring slots. The ring slots 17 are arranged on an arc. In the embodiment shown here, the ring flange 13 has four such passage openings 17 . Compared with round openings in cross section through the annular slots 17, the passage cross section in this loading area is increased, so that the back pressure in the area of the annular gap 10 is less and thus more favorable Regelei properties result in this area. In addition, such ring slots are also less susceptible to clogging due to solids carried in the water. In order to better tear open the flow limiter 1 flowing water jet and to reduce the noise level of the flow limiter 1 , the trailing edges 19 of the passage openings 17 - as shown in FIG. 3a - are sharp-edged.

The control cone 9 of the control part 8 shown in FIG. 3a has a smooth surface. However, it is also possible for the control cone 9 to have a roughened surface with which the adhesion is increased and noise reduction can be achieved.

The control part 8 from FIG. 3 can be produced easily and with little effort and, like the housing 3 , is expediently made of plastic.

In Fig. 4, the control housing 3 of the flow restrictor 1 from Fig. 1 u. 2 in a longitudinal section ( FIG. 4a) and in an upstream side view ( FIG. 4b). The upstream cylindrical recess 2 for the throttle body 4 - not shown here - can be clearly seen. It sits in the use position of the throttle body by 4 on the annular shoulder 5 of the housing 3 . The Ausneh mung 2 is downstream of the control part 8 receiving, expanding in the flow direction housing cavity 20 downstream. The inside of the housing 3 , which widens in the direction of flow, has ring steps or cascade-shaped steps 21 . The steps 22 are approximately transverse and the surfaces interconnecting the axial surfaces 23 of the gradations 21 are arranged approximately in the flow direction Pf 1 .

By the on the control cone 9 of the control part 8 adjacent inside of the housing 3 provided in the use position gradations 21 , the flow rate of the medium flowing through is reduced. So that with the flow limiter 1 a low noise can be achieved, which would hardly be possible with known methods. Even if the control part of the flow limiter 1 is set to a flow rate of, for example, 12 l / min, good, reduced noise can still be achieved in the desired limit ranges. On the outlet side of the flow limiter 1 , the outlet speed of the medium flowing through is correspondingly low.

Since the outer, protruding edges in the annular gap between the steps 22 and the adjacent axial surfaces 23 of the gradations 21 provided on the housing 3 are sharp-edged, flow breaks occur in this area, which further promote the low noise of the flow limiter 1 .

In particular from FIGS. 1a to 1c it is clear that the axial heights h 1 , h 2 etc. (see FIG. 4a) of the individual graduations 21 increase in the direction of flow. Thus, since the upstream gradations 21 have increasingly greater axial heights, the available passage cross section adjusts better to the flow rate that becomes lower in the direction of flow toward the outlet side.

In the position of use sits on the annular shoulder or the paragraph 5 of the housing 3, the elastic, annular throttle body 4 . The throttle body 4 is expediently made of flexible, in particular food-safe material, preferably of silicone or the like. Made of elastomer. As shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c and Fig. 5, the throttle body 4 on the inflow side has a conically widened, central passage 25 , in which the axial extension in relation to the throttle body 4, which has a shorter design, engages fen 6 .

The annular throttle body 4 basically fills the clear cross section of the cylindrical recess 2 in the use position. At its area near the edge, however, the throttle body 4 has a plurality of recesses oriented in the direction of flow and formed as through openings 26 . Only one of these through openings 26 can be seen in FIGS. 1a to 1c and FIG. 5. The through openings 26 are preferably approximately evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the throttle body 4 and formed open to the outside. You can have a round or rounded, preferably also a square cross-section.

Rules by its formed as passage openings 26 Ausneh, the throttle body 4 of the flow restrictor 1, 1 'in FIG. 1a to 1c, as well as Fig. 5 shows a larger Yielding ness and elasticity so that achieved even at lower pressures the intended flow setpoint and this setpoint is maintained with good accuracy even with increasing pressure. The through-openings formed as open-edge grooves 26 ensure that the liquid flowing through the flow restrictor can practically unhindered penetrate from above and through the like in the region of the through openings 26 . Recesses existing wall weakenings of the annular throttle body 4 there is a pressure-dependent reinforced shaping inwards towards the pin 6 . With a large number of Durchgangsöff openings 26 , a particularly large elastic Nachgie bigkeit of the throttle body 4 can be achieved, which is particularly geous when using the flow restrictor at low pressures, since even these low pressures are sufficient to form the throttle body 4 inwards . The above-described deformation of the throttle body 4 is shown to scale in FIG. 1a by the dashed line.

In Fig. 5 is to be clarified again that the throttle body 4 by its considerably increased due to the through openings 26 After completeness can also be made in smaller designs. This allows a flow limiter 1 'to create, which can be made comparatively compact despite the space required for the adjustable control part 8 ver.

It is useful if the axial height of the elastic throttle body 4 receiving recess of the housing 3 in relation to the axial height of the housing cavity 20 provided with the control part 8 is approximately 1: 4 to 1: 2, preferably 1: 3.

The inventive Durchflußbegren zer 1 , 1 'is adjustable to different flow rates and correspondingly versatile. The Durchflußbegren zer is quiet in operation, even if it is set to a large amount of water per unit of time via its adjustable control part. Its control characteristic is improved since it reaches the intended flow setpoint even at lower pressures and can maintain it with good accuracy even with increasing pressure. Despite the space required for the adjustable control part, the flow limiter according to the invention can be made comparatively compact and can be manufactured simply and with little effort.

All of the above or listed in the claims Individual features can be used individually or in any combination be essential to the invention with each other.

Claims (14)

1. flow limiter for media flowing in lines with an elastic, arranged in a housing throttle body for pressure-dependent change of the flow cross section, characterized in that in addition to the pressure-dependent deforming throttle body ( 4 ) in the housing ( 3 ) of the flow limiter ( 1 , 1 ' ) a manually actuated and adjustable control part ( 8 ) is provided for changing the flow rate. 2. Flow limiter according to claim 1, preferably with egg nem elastic throttle body, which is accommodated in a recess of the housing and the control part downstream is downstream, which or the like in a housing cavity of the housing with the formation of an annular gap. Arranged through the passage channel, characterized in that the control part ( 8 ) for changing the flow cross section of the passage channel in the flow direction (Pf 1 ) is adjustable. 3. Flow limiter according to claim 1 or 2, the control part located in the housing cavity is partially formed as a control cone, wherein an annular gap is formed between the control cone and the adjacent, expediently in the flow direction area of the housing cavity, characterized in that that the control part ( 8 ) is preferably held at its downstream end area via an adjusting means, in particular via an adjusting thread in the housing ( 3 ), and that the control part ( 8 ) expediently has an external thread ( 11 ) which is screwed into an internal thread ( 12 ) of the housing ( 3 ) engages. 4. Flow limiter according to one or more of the Ansprü che 1 to 3, characterized in that the control part ( 8 ) preferably on its downstream end face egg ne especially designed as a hexagon attack point ( 16 ) for a twist key. 5. Flow limiter according to one or more of the Ansprü che 1 to 4, in which the housing cavity is preferably closed by a, in particular at the downstream Endbe rich of the control part ring flange with through openings, characterized in that the ring flange ( 13 ) on its outer Circumferential surface has the external thread ( 11 ) of the control part ( 8 ), and that the openings ( 17 ) provided in the ring flange ( 13 ) are preferably formed as ring slots formed in particular with sharp edges at their trailing edges ( 19 ). 6. Flow limiter according to one or more of the claims 1 to 5, the control part of which has a pin on its inflow-side end face which engages approximately centrally in the elastic throttle body and forms a continuous annulus with it, characterized in that the pin ( 6 ) is approximately hemispherical trained and preferably with a radial distance in particular approximately centrally from the outer edge of the upstream end of the control part ( 8 ) is arranged. 7. Flow limiter according to one or more of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the spigot ( 6 ) of the control part ( 8 ) which widens in cross-section on the downstream side and expediently as a truncated cone is followed by the control cone ( 9 ) Flow direction (Pf 1 ) of the passage openings ( 17 ) having ring flange ( 13 ) is connected downstream, and that between control cone ( 9 ) and ring flange ( 13 ) in particular a control section ( 18 ) constant cross-section is arranged. 8. Flow limiter according to one or more of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the axial height of the elastic throttle body ( 4 ) receiving recess ( 2 ) of the housing ( 3 ) in relation to the axial height of the with the control part ( 8 ) provided housing cavity ( 20 ) carries about 1: 4 to 1: 2, preferably 1: 3. 9. flow limiter, in particular according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the outside of the control cone ( 9 ) and / or in the flow direction (Pf 1 ) widening inside of the housing ( 3 ) ring step or cascade-shaped gradations ( 21 ) has. 10. Flow limiter according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in particular the outer, in the annular gap ( 10 ) projecting edges between the steps ( 22 ) and the adjacent axial surfaces ( 23 ) of the steps ( 21 ) of the control cone ( 9 ) and / or housings ( 3 ) are sharp-edged. 11. Flow limiter according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the axial heights of the individual steps ( 21 ) of the control cone ( 9 ) and / or housing ( 3 ) increase in the direction of flow. 12. Flow limiter according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the outside of the control part ( 8 ) in the region of the control cone ( 9 ) has a smooth or roughened surface and the inside of the housing ( 3 ) which widens in the direction of flow. ring has step-like or cascade-like gradations ( 21 ). 13. Flow limiter, in particular according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the throttle body ( 4 ) is approximately ring-shaped and has at least one recess oriented in the flow direction within its ring region. 14. Flow limiter according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the circumferentially direction preferably arranged approximately uniformly and in particular as through openings ( 26 ) ausgebil Deten recesses in the outer peripheral region of the throttle body ( 4 ) are arranged and expediently as ra dial grooves are formed towards the outside.