DE3632360A1 - Process for the selective removal of contaminants from water - Google Patents
Process for the selective removal of contaminants from waterInfo
- Publication number
- DE3632360A1 DE3632360A1 DE19863632360 DE3632360A DE3632360A1 DE 3632360 A1 DE3632360 A1 DE 3632360A1 DE 19863632360 DE19863632360 DE 19863632360 DE 3632360 A DE3632360 A DE 3632360A DE 3632360 A1 DE3632360 A1 DE 3632360A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- water
- solid preparation
- chemical reaction
- reaction
- dispersing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001026509 Kata Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium sulfide Chemical compound [Ca]=S JGIATAMCQXIDNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009891 hand bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004758 synthetic textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/681—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of solid materials for removing an oily layer on water
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Removal Of Specific Substances (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Im Bereich der Abwasserreinigung oder der Entsorgung kontaminierter Grundwässer gibt es zahlreiche Fällungs reaktionen und noch mehr Anwendungen von Adsorptions mitteln um Fremdstoffe aus dem Wasser zu entfernen. Trotzdem werden die bekannten Methoden den steigenden Anforderungen der Praxis insbesondere hinsichtlich der selektiven Entfernung von Verunreinigungen nicht in allen Fällen gerecht.In the field of wastewater treatment or disposal contaminated groundwater, there are numerous precipitation reactions and even more applications of adsorption means to remove foreign substances from the water. Nevertheless, the known methods are increasing Practical requirements in particular with regard to selective removal of contaminants not in all cases.
Die Erfindung hat sich daher die Aufgabe gestellt, die Reinigung von Wasser im weitesten Sinne, d.h., von der Entsorgung von Abwasser oder kontaminiertem Grundwasser bis hin zur Trinkwasserbereitung zu verbessern.The invention has therefore set itself the task Purification of water in the broadest sense, i.e. from the Disposal of waste water or contaminated ground water to improve drinking water preparation.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe behandelt man das Wasser erfindungsgemäß mit einem zur chemischen Wechsel wirkung mit dem Schadstoff unter Bildung eines wasser unlöslichen Reaktionsproduktes befähigten Reaktions partner in Form einer Feststoffzubereitung und trennt das wasserunlösliche Reaktionsprodukt mit den Fest stoffen ab.The water is treated to accomplish this task according to the invention with a chemical change effect with the pollutant to form a water insoluble reaction product capable reaction partner in the form of a solid preparation and separates the water-insoluble reaction product with the solid cloth from.
Für Zwecke der Erfindung brauchbare Feststoffe sind Stoffe, die von ihrer chemischen Zusammensetzung her dem Boden ohne Nachteil zugemischt werden können. Dabei kann es sich um inerte anorganische Feststoffe wie um feindisperse Kieselsäure, Kalksteinmehl, Calciumhydroxid oder z.B. Silikate, wie Bleicherden oder Bentonit, handeln.Solids useful for purposes of the invention are Substances by their chemical composition forth the soil can be mixed without disadvantage. These can be inert inorganic solids like finely dispersed silica, limestone flour, Calcium hydroxide or e.g. Silicates such as bleaching earth or bentonite.
Ferner gibt es zahlreiche organische Stoffe, die als brauchbare Inertstoffe in diesem Zusammenhang eingesetzt werden können, wie gemahlene Borke, Holzmehl, Cellu losepulver, Aktivkohle, makromolekulare synthetische Stoffe, Hartparaffin, Wachse, Polyethylenglykol etc. Schließlich sind Gemische aus anorganischen und organischen Bestandteilen, wie z.B. gebrauchte Bleicherde aus der Lebensmittelindustrie, einsetzbar.There are also numerous organic substances that are considered usable inert substances used in this context such as ground bark, wood flour, cellu loose powder, activated carbon, macromolecular synthetic Fabrics, hard paraffin, waxes, polyethylene glycol etc. Finally, mixtures of inorganic and organic components, e.g. Second hand Bleaching earth from the food industry, can be used.
Je nach dem selektiv zu entfernenden Schadstoff kann die Feststoffzubereitung hydrophobil oder hydrophob sein.Depending on the pollutant to be removed selectively the solid preparation is hydrophobic or hydrophobic be.
Geeignete Hydrophobierungsmittel sind bekannt. Vor zugsweise werden solche eingesetzt, die biologisch abbaubar sind, wie z.B. natürliche Fettsäuren, wie Stearinsäure und Palmitinsäure sowie Alkane, z.B. Paraffinöl.Suitable water repellents are known. Before preferably those are used that are biological are degradable, e.g. natural fatty acids, such as Stearic acid and palmitic acid as well as alkanes, e.g. Paraffin oil.
Die Menge an Hydrophobierungsmitteln liegt im all gemeinen zwischen 0,1 und 5%, vorzugsweise bei 1%, wenn man als Hydrophobierungsmittel längerkettige Paraffinkohlenwasserstoffe, Alkohole und Karbonsäuren verwendet. Man kann auch anorganische Hydrophobierungs mittel wie Talkum einsetzen; hier kann der Zusatz bis zu 20% betragen, je nach dem Feststoff, der hydropho biert werden soll.The amount of water repellents is in all generally between 0.1 and 5%, preferably at 1%, if you use longer-chain as a water repellent Paraffinic hydrocarbons, alcohols and carboxylic acids used. You can also do inorganic water repellency use agents such as talc; here you can add up to 20%, depending on the solid, the hydrophobic to be beer.
Vorzugsweise enthält die hydrophobe Feststoffzuberei tung das Edukt (Ausgangsmaterial) oder das Reaktions produkt einer dispergierenden chemischen Reaktion. Die Dispergierung durch chemische Reaktion - kurz DCR-Verfahren genannt - ist eine auf den Erfinder zurückgehende einfache Methode zur Verteilung von flüssigen Stoffen und Lösungen fester oder flüssiger Stoffe im Verlaufe der Bildung großer Oberflächen durch chemische Reaktion und Gegenstand der deutschen Patente 20 53 627, 23 28 777, 23 28 778, 25 20 999, 25 33 789, 25 33 790, 25 33 791 und ihrer auslän dischen Äquivalente. Unter den zahlreichen chemi schen Reaktionen, die der Bedingung nach einer Ober flächenvergrößerung im dargelegten Sinne genügen und die daher für eine Verteilung auf chemischem Wege herangezogen werden können, sind insbesondere die Umsetzung von Calciumoxid mit Wasser zu Calcium hydroxid und die Hydrolyse von Aluminiumalkoholaten zu Aluminiumhydroxid zu nennen.The hydrophobic solid preparation preferably contains the starting material (starting material) or the reaction product of a dispersing chemical reaction. Dispersion by chemical reaction - called DCR for short - is a simple method based on the inventor for the distribution of liquid substances and solutions of solid or liquid substances in the course of the formation of large surfaces by chemical reaction and is the subject of German Patents 20 53 627, 23 28 777, 23 28 778, 25 20 999, 25 33 789, 25 33 790, 25 33 791 and their foreign equivalents. Among the numerous chemical reactions which satisfy the condition for an increase in surface area in the sense described and which can therefore be used for chemical distribution, in particular the conversion of calcium oxide with water to calcium hydroxide and the hydrolysis of aluminum alcoholates to aluminum hydroxide call.
Als Edukt für das DCR-Verfahren wird Calciumoxid in der Form des handelsüblichen Branntkalks, z.B. des Weißfeinkalks bevorzugt. Aber auch grobe Kör nungen sind in vielen Fällen brauchbar. Der Brannt kalk kann bis zu 18 Gew.% Magnesiumoxid oder andere Fremdbestandteile enthalten.Calcium oxide is used as a starting material for the DCR process in the form of commercially available quicklime, e.g. of white fine lime preferred. But also coarse grain in many cases. The fire lime can contain up to 18% by weight magnesium oxide or others Foreign components included.
Wenn man nach dem DCR-Verfahren das Hydrophobierungs mittel, den zur chemischen Wechselwirkung mit dem Schadstoff unter Bildung eines wasserunlöslichen Reaktionsproduktes befähigten Reaktionspartner oder andere Hilfsstoffe in dem Edukt des DCR-Verfahrens vorverteilt und dann die zur Oberflächenvergrößerung führende Reaktion ablaufen läßt, entstehen fein disperse Feststoffzubereitungen, in denen die zuge setzten Verbindungen eine besonders hohe chemische Reaktivität aufweisen.If you use the DCR method, the hydrophobization means that the chemical interaction with the Pollutant to form a water-insoluble Reaction product qualified reaction partner or other excipients in the educt of the DCR process pre-distributed and then the surface enlargement leading reaction takes place, arise fine disperse solid preparations in which the added set compounds a particularly high chemical Show reactivity.
Ein Beispiel für den Gegenstand des Anspruchs 4 wäre das Gemisch aus Natriumsulfid, hydrophobiertem Calcium oxid und gemahlener Borke. Entsprechend dem Merkmal des Anspruchs 6 wurde z.B. hydrophobiertes Calciumoxid im Gemisch mit Sägespäne mit der stöchiometrischen Menge Wasser versetzt.An example of the subject matter of claim 4 would be the mixture of sodium sulfide, hydrophobized calcium oxide and ground bark. According to the characteristic of claim 6 was e.g. Calcium oxide made hydrophobic mixed with sawdust with the stoichiometric Amount of water added.
Ein Beispiel für den Anspruch 7 ist beispielsweise das Gemisch von Natriumsulfid mit Calciumoxid. Nach Anspruch 8 wurde z.B. Natriumsulfid nach dem DCR-Verfahren in Calciumhydroxid dispergiert.An example of claim 7 is for example the mixture of sodium sulfide with calcium oxide. According to claim 8, e.g. Sodium sulfide after DCR process dispersed in calcium hydroxide.
Wenn Schwermetallsalze als Schadstoff behandelt wer den sollen, ist der zur Bildung eines wasserunlös lichen Reaktionsproduktes befähigte Reaktionspartner ein lösliches Sulfid, Hydroxid, Carbonat oder Phosphat. Beispielsweise verwendet man Natrium- oder Calciumsulfid, wobei letzteres durch Umsetzung von Schwefel in Calciumoxid nach dem DCR-Verfahren gebildet sein kann.When heavy metal salts are treated as pollutants it is to form a water insoluble capable reaction partner a soluble sulfide, hydroxide, carbonate or Phosphate. For example, sodium or calcium sulfide, the latter by reaction of sulfur in calcium oxide using the DCR method can be formed.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird deshalb Calciumoxid allein oder mit einem inerten Feststoff mit den Reaktionspartnern behandelt, z.B. vermahlen, und die so entstandene hydrophobe Feststoffzubereitung dem zu reinigenden Wasser zugesetzt. In Gegenwart des Wassers reagiert das Calciumoxyd zu Calciumhydroxid, welches alle Zusätze in feindisperser und deshalb hochreaktiver Form enthält, die deshalb ihre Wirkung zur selektiven Wasserreinigung besonders gut entfalten können.In a preferred embodiment, therefore Calcium oxide alone or with an inert solid treated with the reactants, e.g. grind, and the resulting hydrophobic solid preparation added to the water to be cleaned. In the presence of the Water reacts the calcium oxide to calcium hydroxide, which all additives in finely dispersed and therefore contains highly reactive form, which is why its effect Develop particularly well for selective water purification can.
Wenn man die Aufgabe zu lösen hat, an sich schwerlös liche organische Verbindungen wie Öle oder ölartige Stoffe, die in kleiner Konzentration im Wasser löslich sind, aus diesem zu entfernen, so setzt man Hartparaffin in der Schmelze nach dem DCR-Verfahren mit Calciumoxid um und erhält dann ein Calciumhydroxid-Hartparaffin- Gemisch mit einer sehr großen Oberfläche, das sehr effektiv Kohlenwasserstoffreste aus Wasser entfernen kann. Während sich mit Hartparaffin allein lediglich das Adsorptionsgleichgewicht einstellt, kann es durch Reaktionspartner, z.B. Komplexbildner oder anderes gestört werden und es werden auch Spuren von Verun reinigungen aus dem Wasser quantitativ und selektiv entfernt. Man kann auch das Hartparaffin weglassen und dann mit Komplexbildnern, Polymerisationskata lysatoren oder anderen geeigneten Reaktionspartnern die entsprechenden Verunreinigungen aus dem Wasser herausnehmen.If you have to solve the task, difficult to solve in itself Liche organic compounds such as oils or oily Substances that are soluble in water in small concentrations are to be removed from this, then hard paraffin is used in the melt using the DCR method with calcium oxide and then receives a calcium hydroxide hard paraffin Mixture with a very large surface, that very effectively remove hydrocarbon residues from water can. While dealing only with hard paraffin the adsorption equilibrium, it can by Reaction partners, e.g. Complexing agent or other be disturbed and there will also be traces of Verun Purifications from water, quantitative and selective away. You can also leave out the hard paraffin and then with complexing agents, polymerization kata analyzers or other suitable reactants the corresponding impurities from the water remove.
So lassen sich z.B. Spuren von aromatischen Kohlen wasserstoffen wie Toluol mit Polystyrol entfernen, das nach dem DCR-Verfahren in Aluminiumhydroxid dispergiert wurde.For example, Traces of aromatic coals remove hydrogen such as toluene with polystyrene, the DCR process in aluminum hydroxide was dispersed.
Phenole lassen sich durch eine Kondensationsreak tion mit einem nach dem DCR-Verfahren dispergierten Kondensationspartner entfernen. Ein Beispiel für das Merkmal des Anspruchs 9 sind in Hartparaffin eingebettete Polystyrolteilchen.Phenols can be caused by a condensation freak tion with a dispersed according to the DCR method Remove condensation partner. An example for the feature of claim 9 are in hard paraffin embedded polystyrene particles.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863632360 DE3632360A1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1986-09-24 | Process for the selective removal of contaminants from water |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863632360 DE3632360A1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1986-09-24 | Process for the selective removal of contaminants from water |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3632360A1 true DE3632360A1 (en) | 1988-03-31 |
Family
ID=6310195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19863632360 Ceased DE3632360A1 (en) | 1986-09-24 | 1986-09-24 | Process for the selective removal of contaminants from water |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3632360A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2646615A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-09 | Agnel Roger | WATER-REPELLENT ABSORBENT PRODUCT FOR AQUEOUS SURFACE RECOVERY OF NON-MISCIBLE FLUID SUBSTANCES |
| WO1994003249A1 (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-02-17 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Material for extracting hydrophobic components dissolved in water |
| DE10158899A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Isaak Leitschkis | Removal of (in)organic pollutants from waste water comprises passing the water through a deep horizontal bed of a low-ash, high-porosity filter aid in the form of inert polydisperse particles |
| US6764603B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 2004-07-20 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Material for extracting hydrophobic components dissolved in water |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1944636A1 (en) * | 1969-09-03 | 1971-03-11 | Pinus Holzimp Gmbh Karlsruhe K | Oil adsorbing agents for water and soil - purification |
| DE2033522A1 (en) * | 1970-07-07 | 1972-01-20 | Heidenreich H | Breaking oil and fat aq emulsions - using anion active neutral agent |
| DE2053627A1 (en) * | 1970-10-31 | 1972-05-10 | Rheinisch-Westfälische Kalkwerke AG, 5601 Dornap | Process for the even distribution of active ingredients on a carrier |
| DE2533789A1 (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1977-02-03 | Boelsing Friedrich | PROCESS FOR EVEN DISTRIBUTION OF SUBSTANCES AND SUBSTANCE MIXTURES IN THE PROCESS OF THE PRODUCTION OF POWDERED PREPARATIONS BY CHEMICAL REACTION |
-
1986
- 1986-09-24 DE DE19863632360 patent/DE3632360A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1944636A1 (en) * | 1969-09-03 | 1971-03-11 | Pinus Holzimp Gmbh Karlsruhe K | Oil adsorbing agents for water and soil - purification |
| DE2033522A1 (en) * | 1970-07-07 | 1972-01-20 | Heidenreich H | Breaking oil and fat aq emulsions - using anion active neutral agent |
| DE2053627A1 (en) * | 1970-10-31 | 1972-05-10 | Rheinisch-Westfälische Kalkwerke AG, 5601 Dornap | Process for the even distribution of active ingredients on a carrier |
| DE2533789A1 (en) * | 1975-07-29 | 1977-02-03 | Boelsing Friedrich | PROCESS FOR EVEN DISTRIBUTION OF SUBSTANCES AND SUBSTANCE MIXTURES IN THE PROCESS OF THE PRODUCTION OF POWDERED PREPARATIONS BY CHEMICAL REACTION |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2646615A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-09 | Agnel Roger | WATER-REPELLENT ABSORBENT PRODUCT FOR AQUEOUS SURFACE RECOVERY OF NON-MISCIBLE FLUID SUBSTANCES |
| WO1990013343A1 (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1990-11-15 | Roger Agnel | Water repellent fabric containing an absorbing agent for collecting at the water surface non miscible fluid substances |
| WO1994003249A1 (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1994-02-17 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Material for extracting hydrophobic components dissolved in water |
| US6764603B2 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 2004-07-20 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Material for extracting hydrophobic components dissolved in water |
| DE10158899A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-12 | Isaak Leitschkis | Removal of (in)organic pollutants from waste water comprises passing the water through a deep horizontal bed of a low-ash, high-porosity filter aid in the form of inert polydisperse particles |
| DE10158899B4 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2008-05-15 | Leitschkis, Isaak, Dr. | Filter aids and processes for wastewater treatment |
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