DE3545118A1 - Flat ceramic body I - Google Patents
Flat ceramic body IInfo
- Publication number
- DE3545118A1 DE3545118A1 DE19853545118 DE3545118A DE3545118A1 DE 3545118 A1 DE3545118 A1 DE 3545118A1 DE 19853545118 DE19853545118 DE 19853545118 DE 3545118 A DE3545118 A DE 3545118A DE 3545118 A1 DE3545118 A1 DE 3545118A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- ceramic body
- glaze
- flat
- ceramic
- flat ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/02—Details
- H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Aus der EP-A 01 57 179 ist ein flächiger keramischer Körper bekannt geworden, der auf der seiner Sichtseite abgewendeten Seite mit einer elektrisch leitenden Widerstandsbeschichtung versehen ist. Solche flächigen keramischen Körper finden beispielsweise als Verkleidungsplatten für die Gestaltung der Wände oder des Fußbodens bzw. der Decke von Wohn-, Geschäfts- und Büroräumen, aber auch von Sanitärräumen, Sport- und Schwimm hallen Verwendung. Sie können auch als Formsteine für Schwimm beckenauskleidungen od. dgl. eingesetzt werden. Durch ihre Be heizbarkeit ist es möglich, die auf einer damit zu verkleidenden Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenfläche zur Verfügung stehende Strahlungs fläche optimal zu gestalten, mit möglichst wenigen elektrischen Anschluß- und Verbindungselementen auszukommen und eine gleich mäßige Wärmeabstrahlung zu gewährleisten.EP-A 01 57 179 is a flat ceramic body became known, the one facing away from its visible side Side with an electrically conductive resistance coating is provided. Find such flat ceramic bodies for example as cladding panels for the design of the Walls or floor or ceiling of residential, commercial and offices, but also sanitary rooms, sports and swimming hall use. They can also be used as shaped stones for swimming basin linings or the like are used. By their Be heatability, it is possible to be covered on it Radiation available on the wall, ceiling or floor to optimally design the surface with as few electrical as possible Connection and connection elements get along and the same to ensure moderate heat radiation.
Die elektrisch leitende Widerstandsbeschichtung kann u. a. auch eine elektrisch leitende Widerstandsglasur sein. Ihr Schmelzpunkt soll nicht über 750°C liegen, weil sich Glasuren mit höherem Schmelzpunkt als ungeeignet erwiesen haben.The electrically conductive resistance coating can u. a. also be an electrically conductive resistance glaze. your Melting point should not be above 750 ° C because there are glazes with a higher melting point have proven unsuitable.
Der Anschluß der elektrisch leitenden Widerstandsglasur an die Stromquelle erfolgt über am Rande des flächigen Körpers ange brachte bänderartige Kontaktierungselemente, die z. B. in Form eines streifenförmigen Cu-Auftrages oder einer einge brannten Ag-Paste vorliegen.The connection of the electrically conductive resistance glaze to the Power source takes place over at the edge of the flat body brought ribbon-like contacting elements, the z. B. in Form of a stripe-shaped Cu order or a burnt Ag paste.
Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß bei Verwendung von Cu-Kontaktierungs elementen eine Verbindung derselben mit der Glasur mitunter überhaupt nicht, jedenfalls aber nur sehr schwierig herstellbar ist und verhältnismäßig bald wenigstens teilweise wieder verloren geht. Untersuchungen haben ergeben, daß diese Schwierigkeiten auf den erheblich unterschiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten des für die Kontaktierungselemente verwendeten Kupfers und der den flächigen Körper abdeckenden Widerstandsglasur zurückzuführen sind. However, it has been shown that when using Cu contacting elements sometimes connecting them with the glaze not at all, but at least very difficult to manufacture is at least partially lost again relatively soon goes. Research has shown that these difficulties arise the significantly different coefficients of thermal expansion of the used for the contacting elements and the copper flat body covering resistance glaze can be attributed.
Auch bei eingebrannten Streifen aus einer Silberpaste ist die Haftung zwischen dem Silber und der Glasur häufig unzureichend.It is also suitable for burned-in strips made of silver paste Adhesion between the silver and the glaze is often insufficient.
Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen und schlägt vor, daß als Kontaktierungselement jeweils ein in der keramischen Wider standsglasur eingebettetes, flächiges, Durchbrüche aufweisendes, an einer Stromquelle anschließbares Element aus einem metallischen Werkstoff verwendet ist, dessen Schmelzpunkt oberhalb des Schmelz punktes der keramischen Widerstandsglasur liegt und dessen Wärme ausdehnungskoeffizient annähernd gleich dem der keramischen Wider standsglasur ist.Here the invention seeks to remedy the situation and proposes that as Contacting element one each in the ceramic counter standing glaze embedded, flat, with breakthroughs, element connected to a power source made of a metallic Material is used whose melting point is above the enamel point of the ceramic resistance glaze and its warmth expansion coefficient approximately equal to that of the ceramic counter is glaze.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn man die keramische Widerstands glasur so wählt, daß ihr Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient in etwa gleich dem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des flächigen keramischen Körpers ist.It is particularly advantageous if you consider the ceramic resistance choose glaze so that its coefficient of thermal expansion is approximately equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the flat ceramic Body is.
In Weiterbildung weist der für das Kontaktierungselement gewählte Werkstoff einen Temperaturfaktor des elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen 20 und 600°C von größer als 2 auf.In a further development, the material selected for the contacting element has a temperature factor of the electrical resistance between 20 and 600 ° C. of greater than 2 .
Das Kontaktierungselement liegt vorteilhaft in Form eines Mäanders, einer Folie mit Löchern, oder eines Netzwerkes mit entsprechender Maschenweite vor.The contacting element is advantageously in the form of a meander, a film with holes, or a network with corresponding Mesh size before.
Die Zeichnung zeigt in einer einzigen Figur einen Ausschnitt aus einem flächigen keramischen Körper, bei dem das elektrische Kontaktierungselement erfindungsgemäß ausgebildet ist.The drawing shows a section of a single figure a flat ceramic body, in which the electrical Contacting element is designed according to the invention.
Mit 1 ist allgemein eine keramische Platte bezeichnet, deren Abmessungen z. B. 85×125 cm bei einer Dicke von 0,8 cm betragen. Auf der sichtbaren Rückseite befindet sich eine elektrische Widerstands glasur 2. Mit 3, 3 a, 3 b ist ein bänderartiges Kontaktierungs element bezeichnet, das - vergrößert dargestellt - nach dem unteren Ausführungsbeispiel aus einer Folie mit entsprechenden Durchbrechungen besteht. Diese Folie ist in die elektrische Widerstandsglasur einge bettet, so daß ein inniger Kontakt zwischen dem Kontaktierungs element und der elektrischen Widerstandsglasur vorhanden ist. Selbstverständlich kann anstelle der Folie mit ihren Durch brechungen ein Netzwerk 3 b oder nach dem oberen Ausführungsbei spiel ein entsprechendes mäanderförmiges Gebilde 3 c verwendet werden. Wesentlich ist lediglich, daß eine innige Einbettung des Kontaktierungselementes in der elektrischen Widerstands glasur möglich ist. 1 with a ceramic plate is generally designated, the dimensions of z. B. 85 × 125 cm with a thickness of 0.8 cm. There is an electrical resistance glaze 2 on the visible back. With 3 , 3 a , 3 b a band-like contacting element is designated, which - shown enlarged - according to the lower embodiment consists of a film with corresponding openings. This film is embedded in the electrical resistance glaze, so that an intimate contact between the contacting element and the electrical resistance glaze is present. Of course, a network 3 b or a corresponding meandering structure 3 c can be used instead of the film with its breakthroughs. It is only essential that an intimate embedding of the contacting element in the electrical resistance glaze is possible.
Für die Kontaktierungselemente bestimmte Werkstoffe mit den geforderten Eigenschaften und auch einem Temperaturfaktor des elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen 20 und 600°C von größer als 2 sind im Handel, z. B. unter der Warenbezeichnung VACON erhältlich und werden als Einschmelzlegierungen für elektronische Röhren angeboten.For the contacting elements certain materials with the required properties and also a temperature factor of the electrical resistance between 20 and 600 ° C of greater than 2 are commercially available, for. B. available under the name VACON and are offered as smelting alloys for electronic tubes.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545118 DE3545118A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body I |
| AT86117575T ATE44343T1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | FLAT CERAMIC BODY I. |
| ES86117575T ES2009777B3 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | FLAT CERAMIC BODY. |
| DE8686117575T DE3664181D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
| EP86117575A EP0232525B1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545118 DE3545118A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body I |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3545118A1 true DE3545118A1 (en) | 1987-06-25 |
Family
ID=6288959
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545118 Withdrawn DE3545118A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body I |
| DE8686117575T Expired DE3664181D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8686117575T Expired DE3664181D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0232525B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE44343T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3545118A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2009777B3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3710626A1 (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-08-25 | Buchtal Gmbh | ROOM HEATING ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A CERAMIC MOLDED BODY WITH AN ELECTRIC RESISTANT COATING, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A CERAMIC PLATE |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8905014D0 (en) * | 1989-03-04 | 1989-04-19 | Emi Plc Thorn | Electrical connectors |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1440971A1 (en) * | 1963-07-27 | 1969-01-16 | Conex Elektro Und Haushaltgera | Electric heating element for household appliances and space heaters |
| DE1615494A1 (en) * | 1967-07-27 | 1971-02-25 | Hermann Vierling | Heating surface that can be heated by electrical resistance heating |
| DE2022169B2 (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1973-07-12 | PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRICALLY CONNECTING THE CONTACT ELEMENTS OF A HEATING ELEMENT WITH CONNECTING LINES | |
| DE2244157A1 (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-03-14 | Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh | SURFACE HEATING FOR COMPONENTS |
| DE2515897B2 (en) * | 1975-04-11 | 1978-05-11 | Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover | Flexible electrical panel heating element |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1159390A (en) * | 1965-08-12 | 1969-07-23 | Ritter Pfaudler Corp | Electrical Terminals and method of making the same |
| DE2401203C3 (en) * | 1974-01-11 | 1980-06-12 | Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover | Flexible electrical panel heating element |
| US4323726A (en) * | 1980-07-24 | 1982-04-06 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Electrical bus bar assembly |
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 DE DE19853545118 patent/DE3545118A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-12-17 ES ES86117575T patent/ES2009777B3/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 DE DE8686117575T patent/DE3664181D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 EP EP86117575A patent/EP0232525B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 AT AT86117575T patent/ATE44343T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1440971A1 (en) * | 1963-07-27 | 1969-01-16 | Conex Elektro Und Haushaltgera | Electric heating element for household appliances and space heaters |
| DE1615494A1 (en) * | 1967-07-27 | 1971-02-25 | Hermann Vierling | Heating surface that can be heated by electrical resistance heating |
| DE2022169B2 (en) * | 1970-05-06 | 1973-07-12 | PROCEDURE FOR ELECTRICALLY CONNECTING THE CONTACT ELEMENTS OF A HEATING ELEMENT WITH CONNECTING LINES | |
| DE2244157A1 (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-03-14 | Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh | SURFACE HEATING FOR COMPONENTS |
| DE2515897B2 (en) * | 1975-04-11 | 1978-05-11 | Kabel- Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshuette Ag, 3000 Hannover | Flexible electrical panel heating element |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3710626A1 (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-08-25 | Buchtal Gmbh | ROOM HEATING ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A CERAMIC MOLDED BODY WITH AN ELECTRIC RESISTANT COATING, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A CERAMIC PLATE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2009777B3 (en) | 1989-10-16 |
| DE3664181D1 (en) | 1989-08-03 |
| EP0232525B1 (en) | 1989-06-28 |
| EP0232525A1 (en) | 1987-08-19 |
| ATE44343T1 (en) | 1989-07-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |