DE3545117A1 - Flat ceramic body II - Google Patents
Flat ceramic body IIInfo
- Publication number
- DE3545117A1 DE3545117A1 DE19853545117 DE3545117A DE3545117A1 DE 3545117 A1 DE3545117 A1 DE 3545117A1 DE 19853545117 DE19853545117 DE 19853545117 DE 3545117 A DE3545117 A DE 3545117A DE 3545117 A1 DE3545117 A1 DE 3545117A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- flat
- ceramic body
- ceramic
- thermal expansion
- glaze
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/28—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
- H05B3/283—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material the insulating material being an inorganic material, e.g. ceramic
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
- Electron Tubes For Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Aus der EP-A- 01 57 179 ist ein flächiger keramischer Körper bekannt geworden, der auf der seiner Sichtseite abgewendeten Seite mit einer elektrisch leitenden Wider standsbeschichtung versehen ist. Solche flächigen keramischen Körper finden beispielsweise als Verkleidungsplatten für die Gestaltung der Wände oder des Fußbodens bzw. der Decke von Wohn-, Geschäfts- und Büroräumen, aber auch von Sanitärräumen, Sport- und Schwimmhallen Verwendung. Sie können auch als Form steine für Schwimmbeckenverkleidungen od. dgl. eingesetzt werden. Durch ihre Beheizbarkeit ist es möglich, die auf einer damit zu verkleidenden Wand-, Decken- oder Bodenfläche zur Verfügung stehende Strahlungsfläche optimal zu gestalten, mit möglichst wenigen elektrischen Anschluß- und Verbindungs elementen auszukommen und eine gleichmäßige Wärmeabstrahlung zu gewährleisten.EP-A-01 57 179 is a flat ceramic Body known, on the visible side facing away with an electrically conductive counter stand coating is provided. Such flat ceramic Bodies can be found, for example, as cladding panels for the Design of the walls or the floor or the ceiling of Living, business and office spaces, but also of sanitary rooms, Sports and swimming pools use. You can also use it as a shape stones used for swimming pool cladding or the like will. Due to their heatability, it is possible to run on a wall, ceiling or floor surface to be clad with it To optimally design the available radiation area, with as few electrical connections as possible elements and an even heat radiation to guarantee.
Der Anschluß der elektrisch leitenden Widerstandsbeschichtung an die Stromquelle erfolgt über am Rande des flächigen Körpers ange brachte bänderartige Kontaktierungselemente, die z. B. in Form eines streifenförmigen Cu-Auftrages oder einer eingebrannten Ag-Paste vorliegen.The connection of the electrically conductive resistance coating to the power source takes place on the edge of the flat body brought ribbon-like contacting elements, the z. B. in In the form of a striped copper coating or a burned-in Ag paste is present.
Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, daß bei Verwendung von Cu-Kontaktierungs elementen eine Verbindung derselben mit der Glasur mitunter überhaupt nicht, jedenfalls aber nur sehr schwierig herstellbar ist und verhältnis mäßig bald wenigstens teilweise wieder verloren geht. Untersuchungen haben ergeben, daß diese Schwierigkeiten auf den erheblich unter schiedlichen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizienten des für die Kontaktierungs elemente verwendeten Kupfers und der den flächigen Körper abdeckenden Widerstandsglasur zurückzuführen sind.However, it has been shown that when using Cu contacting elements sometimes connecting them with the glaze at all not, but at least it is very difficult to manufacture and ratio will soon be at least partially lost again. Investigations have shown that these difficulties are significantly below different coefficients of thermal expansion for contacting elements used copper and the covering the flat body Resistance glaze are due.
Auch bei eingebrannten Streifen aus einer Silberpaste ist die Haftung zwischen dem Silber und der Glasur häufig unzureichend. Liability is also guaranteed for burned-in strips made of silver paste often insufficient between the silver and the glaze.
Hier will die Erfindung Abhilfe schaffen und schlägt vor, daß die elektrisch leitende Widerstandsbeschichtung aus einem in eine übliche Glasur eingebetteten, flächigen, Durchbrüche aufweisenden, an eine Stromquelle anschließbaren Element aus einem metallischen, einen hohen spezifischen elektrischen Widerstand aufweisenden Werkstoff besteht, dessen Schmelzpunkt oberhalb des Schmelz punktes der keramischen Glasur liegt und dessen Wärmeausdehnungs koeffizient annähernd gleich dem der keramischen Glasur ist.The invention seeks to remedy this and proposes that the electrically conductive resistance coating from one to one usual glaze embedded, flat, breakthrough, element made of a metallic, have a high specific electrical resistance Material exists, whose melting point is above the enamel point of the ceramic glaze and its thermal expansion coefficient is approximately the same as that of the ceramic glaze.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn man die keramische Glasur so wählt, daß ihr Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient in etwa gleich dem Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient des flächigen keramischen Körpers ist.It is particularly advantageous if you have the ceramic glaze so choose that their coefficient of thermal expansion is approximately the same the coefficient of thermal expansion of the flat ceramic Body is.
In Weiterbildung weist der für das flächige Element gewählte Werkstoff einen Temperaturfaktor des elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen 20 und 600°C von größer als 2 auf.In further training, the one chosen for the flat element Material a temperature factor of the electrical resistance between 20 and 600 ° C of greater than 2.
Das Durchbrüche aufweisende flächige Element kann in Form eines Mäanders, einer Folie mit Löchern, oder eines Netzwerkes mit entsprechender Maschenweite vorliegen.The flat element having breakthroughs can be in the form of a Meander, a film with holes, or a network with appropriate mesh size are available.
Die Zeichnung zeigt in einer einzigen Figur einen Ausschnitt aus einem flächigen keramischen Körper, bei dem auf der der Sichtseite abgewendeten Seite eine Glasur mit eingebettetem flächigen Element vorgesehen ist.The drawing shows a section of a single figure a flat ceramic body, on the visible side a side with a glaze with embedded flat element is provided.
Mit 1 ist allgemein eine keramische Platte bezeichnet,deren Ab messungen z. B. bei einer Dicke von 8 mm betragen. Auf der sichtbaren Rückseite befindet sich eine Glasur 2. Mit 3, 3 a, 3 b sind drei Möglichkeiten von in die Glasur einzubettenden flächigen Elementen dargestellt, über die die elektrische Wider standsbeheizung erfolgt. 1 with a ceramic plate is generally designated, the measurements from z. B. at a thickness of 8 mm. There is a glaze 2 on the visible back. With 3 , 3 a , 3 b , three possibilities of flat elements to be embedded in the glaze are shown, via which the electrical resistance heating is carried out.
Für die Durchbrüche aufweisenden flächigen Elemente bestimmte Werkstoffe mit den geforderten Eigenschaften und auch einem Temperaturfaktor des elektrischen Widerstandes zwischen 20 und 600°C von größer als 2 sind im Handel, z. B. unter der Warenbezeichnung VACON und werden als Einschmelzlegierungen für elektronische Röhren angeboten.Certain elements designed for the breakthroughs Materials with the required properties and also one Temperature factor of the electrical resistance between 20 and 600 ° C greater than 2 are commercially available, e.g. B. under the Product name VACON and are used as smelting alloys offered for electronic tubes.
Erkennbar macht die Kontaktierung der Durchbrüche aufweisenden flächigen Elementes keinerlei Schwierigkeiten und kann an jeder beliebigen oder gewünschten Stelle vorgenommen werden, wie es bei 4, 4 a und 4 b angedeutet ist.The contacting of the sheet-like element having breakthroughs does not make any difficulties and can be carried out at any or desired location, as indicated at 4 , 4 a and 4 b .
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545117 DE3545117A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body II |
| EP86117576A EP0229351B1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
| AT86117576T ATE44344T1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | FLAT CERAMIC BODY II. |
| ES86117576T ES2009778B3 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | FLAT CERAMIC BODY. |
| DE8686117576T DE3664182D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545117 DE3545117A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body II |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3545117A1 true DE3545117A1 (en) | 1987-06-25 |
Family
ID=6288958
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19853545117 Withdrawn DE3545117A1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1985-12-19 | Flat ceramic body II |
| DE8686117576T Expired DE3664182D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8686117576T Expired DE3664182D1 (en) | 1985-12-19 | 1986-12-17 | Flat ceramic element |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0229351B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE44344T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3545117A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2009778B3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3710626A1 (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-08-25 | Buchtal Gmbh | ROOM HEATING ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A CERAMIC MOLDED BODY WITH AN ELECTRIC RESISTANT COATING, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A CERAMIC PLATE |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1883914U (en) * | 1963-03-07 | 1963-12-05 | Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh | FLAT-SHAPED RADIATOR. |
| DE2244157A1 (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-03-14 | Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh | SURFACE HEATING FOR COMPONENTS |
| DE2329424A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Flat printed circuit heating element - comprises refractory plate sandwich |
| DE2534813A1 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-02-10 | Braun Ag | Heating element for household appliances - has heating conductors on glass ceramic support electroplated to desired thickness |
| EP0112922A1 (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1984-07-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Panel heater |
| DE3325204A1 (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-01-24 | Reimbold & Strick GmbH & Co, 5000 Köln | Heating element made of electrically conducting materials and deposited on a substrate made of electrically insulating materials, its manufacture and its use |
| DE3433669A1 (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Buchtal Gmbh, 8472 Schwarzenfeld | AREA OF CERAMIC MOLDED BODY |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2859321A (en) * | 1955-07-11 | 1958-11-04 | Garaway Alexander | Electric resistance heater |
| US2939807A (en) * | 1956-06-29 | 1960-06-07 | Thermway Ind Inc | Method of making a heating panel |
| GB1159390A (en) * | 1965-08-12 | 1969-07-23 | Ritter Pfaudler Corp | Electrical Terminals and method of making the same |
| US3798419A (en) * | 1973-03-12 | 1974-03-19 | Gould Inc | Electrical surface heating assembly |
| US4468557A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-08-28 | Bylin Heating Systems, Inc. | Conformable electric heating apparatus |
-
1985
- 1985-12-19 DE DE19853545117 patent/DE3545117A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-12-17 DE DE8686117576T patent/DE3664182D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 ES ES86117576T patent/ES2009778B3/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 EP EP86117576A patent/EP0229351B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-12-17 AT AT86117576T patent/ATE44344T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1883914U (en) * | 1963-03-07 | 1963-12-05 | Siemens Elektrogeraete Gmbh | FLAT-SHAPED RADIATOR. |
| DE2244157A1 (en) * | 1972-09-08 | 1974-03-14 | Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh | SURFACE HEATING FOR COMPONENTS |
| DE2329424A1 (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-01-02 | Siemens Ag | Flat printed circuit heating element - comprises refractory plate sandwich |
| DE2534813A1 (en) * | 1975-08-05 | 1977-02-10 | Braun Ag | Heating element for household appliances - has heating conductors on glass ceramic support electroplated to desired thickness |
| EP0112922A1 (en) * | 1982-06-24 | 1984-07-11 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Panel heater |
| DE3325204A1 (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-01-24 | Reimbold & Strick GmbH & Co, 5000 Köln | Heating element made of electrically conducting materials and deposited on a substrate made of electrically insulating materials, its manufacture and its use |
| DE3433669A1 (en) * | 1984-02-29 | 1985-08-29 | Buchtal Gmbh, 8472 Schwarzenfeld | AREA OF CERAMIC MOLDED BODY |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3710626A1 (en) * | 1987-02-17 | 1988-08-25 | Buchtal Gmbh | ROOM HEATING ELEMENT CONSISTING OF A CERAMIC MOLDED BODY WITH AN ELECTRIC RESISTANT COATING, IN PARTICULAR IN THE FORM OF A CERAMIC PLATE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0229351A1 (en) | 1987-07-22 |
| ATE44344T1 (en) | 1989-07-15 |
| ES2009778B3 (en) | 1989-10-16 |
| DE3664182D1 (en) | 1989-08-03 |
| EP0229351B1 (en) | 1989-06-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OM8 | Search report available as to paragraph 43 lit. 1 sentence 1 patent law | ||
| 8139 | Disposal/non-payment of the annual fee |