DE3428796A1 - Device for connecting an axle and a workpiece, in particular a workpiece producing by deep drawing, with the aid of a clamping ring - Google Patents

Description

b Description:

The invention relates to a device for connecting an axle and a passage opening for the axle having workpiece and in particular such a device in which the workpiece is a workpiece manufactured by die technology and preferably around a drive crank for actuating the rods a windshield wiper system.

The z. Windscreen wiper systems currently used for motor vehicles have drive cranks, each rotatably fixed on the one hand with a drive shaft and on the other hand a End shaft of a ball joint pin are connected, with the ball joint pin a coupling for connection to an output shaft of the drive mechanism of a wiper blade is hinged. The drive crank is rotationally fixed to these two shafts by means of corresponding passage openings connected for the waves. The shafts are either pressed into the openings or the openings have a cross section on, the shape of which ensures the transmission of the rotational movement of the shaft, with one in the passage opening located area of the shaft has a corresponding cross section. The shaft and the .Kurbel are for example held together by a nut which is attached to a threaded portion of the shaft, the protrudes over the crank, is screwed. This ensures a stop of the crank on an area of the shaft.

Since the crank is a solid workpiece, in the passage openings for the waves are cut

these connecting or connecting devices have the disadvantage that the clamping of the crank and the shafts takes place only on a surface whose axial dimensions are limited and essential is smaller than the crank diameter in the area of the corresponding passage opening. As is well known, the Manufacture of an opening by punching a solid workpiece a material distortion by the punching device on the circumference of the passage opening in the region of the opening which is adjacent to the side of the workpiece, which which is opposite the side initially coming into contact with the punching device at the beginning of the formation of the opening.

Another disadvantage when punching passage openings for axes in massive workpieces is that it is not possible to open the openings without metal-cutting shaping or die technique to give a truncated cone shape, which increases the manufacturing cost considerably. Often, however, frustoconical openings are essential, if the shaft axis connected to the workpiece is, for example, in relation to another, also on the workpiece wants to arrange the attached shaft so precisely that the value of the center distance can be adhered to very precisely.

The disadvantages outlined above do not only occur in the case of drive cranks of windshield wiper systems, but also can also be found quite generally in all solid workpieces that have openings made by punching Axes are connected. Drive cranks for windshield wiper systems are, however, for the reasons set out below particularly interesting examples of such workpieces.

The object of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages outlined above and to provide a cheap connecting device to provide, made by non-cutting shaping, in particular by a relatively simple deep-drawing technique can be and which enables a connection,

-ο-Ι in which the involved in the interaction of the connected components Area is not reduced and, if necessary, precise positioning of the axis with respect to to the workpiece without machining reworking.

Furthermore, according to the invention it should be possible for identical Applications instead of solid workpieces, workpieces manufactured using deep-drawing technology with the same space requirement to use which offer the advantage of a substantial saving in material. This can reduce the weight and the inertia and thus also the costs and the drive power when moving the workpiece can be reduced by a drive element. "

The invention relates to a device for connecting an axle and a passage opening for the axle exhibiting workpiece, which is characterized by the following components:

- a collar formed on the workpiece that delimits the passage opening,

- a clamping ring (collar ring) placed around the collar, whereby at least one of the two opposite surfaces, which are the outer surface of the collar, i.e. that of the The face of the collar facing away from the axis, and the inner face of the ring, i.e. the face facing the collar and the axis Surface is at least partially frustoconical, and

- Means for axial loading and for pressing the ring towards the base of the collar on the workpiece, around the To hold the ring in a 'tensioned position, the collar being pressed against the axle.

The collar is formed, for example, by deep drawing if the workpiece is a stamped metal sheet, or it is formed by casting if it is a plastic workpiece. In both cases, the entire collar height can be used to ensure that the axle is clamped. ''

Both opposing surfaces are preferably at least partially frustoconical and have approximately a Corresponding shape, which has the advantage that the two frustoconical surfaces well against each other can be pressed.

Preferably, the axis on the workpiece is connected to an axis area which is at least partially frustoconical where the inner surface of the collar, i.e. the. the surface of the collar facing the axis, likewise at least is partially frustoconical and has a shape approximately corresponding to this axis area. This makes it easier the clamping and centering of the workpiece in relation to the axis and good axial positioning.

The formation of a truncated cone shape is namely in a The collar is much easier to reach than with an opening made using a die technique.

According to a first embodiment, in particular for Openings of relatively small diameter is determined, the ring has a radial section that corresponds to the general Has the shape of an L. Preferably, one wing of the ring is against the outer surface of the nut and the other wing pressed against the approximately radial and flat surface at the end of the collar, which reduces the space requirement of the ring and the application possibilities increased.

According to a second embodiment, which is in particular suitable for openings of relatively large diameter, the ring has a radial section in the shape of a U on. Preferably the U-profile opens towards the base of the collar on the workpiece, which means that the collar is pressed tightly guaranteed against the axis, the axis facing surface of the inner wing of the ring rests on the collar.

The means for axial loading and for pressing the ring in the direction of the base of the collar on the workpiece include

-ιοί neither at least one visual hood that points to one with a Threaded and screwed on with respect to the collar protruding axis area, or consists of one Axis area that is crimped over the ring. The first option is particularly useful for axes of relative large diameter, having a frustoconical Have area that cooperates with a collar whose 'inner truncated cone surface with a ring with a U-cross section is clamped on the axle. The second possibility is especially for axles of relatively small diameter, their The area located in the collar is cylindrical or slightly frustoconical, useful. The covenant itself is also cylindrical or slightly frustoconical and is clamped onto the axle by an L-shaped ring.

In order to counteract any loosening of the collar and axle, the inner surface of the collar preferably has grooves. To prevent the ring from being removed from the collar, the outer surface of the collar and / or the inner surface of the Rings preferably also have grooves. Finally, about the pressing and the axial loading of the ring in the direction to the collar by tightening the screw nut on the axle or by an axle area flanged around the ring ensure, it is useful if the ring is on the opposite side of the base of the collar on the workpiece has a flat and approximately radially extending surface in which approximately radial grooves are provided. These grooves are pressed against the crimped area of the axle, loosening this area and the ring impede. In the event that a nut is provided, these grooves behave like a serrated lock washer and thus prevent the mother from loosening up.

According to the invention, the axis, the collar and the clamping ring have a circular cross-section. In this case it is useful if the surfaces on the axis the collar and the ring cooperate, frustoconical

are what the centering of the workpiece in relation to the axis, the pressing in and the clamping of the ring on the collar and makes it easier to stretch the collar on the axle.

It is also possible that the axis, the collar and the clamping ring have an elongated cross section, the length of which in particular is larger than its width. In the latter case, it is a non-rotatable fastening of the workpiece Desired around the axis, it is particularly useful if the cross-section of the axis, the collar and the ring, at least as far as the inner surface of the ring is concerned, in a transverse direction Bounded by a closed curve that has at least one corner. If the ring then has a U-cross section, the distance separating the two wings cannot be constant.

According to a special embodiment of the invention acts the workpiece is a crank that goes through Deep drawing of a sheet or disk made of metal or a ductile alloy has been obtained. This is it is possible to produce a generally solid and heavy workpiece by means of a deep-drawing and thus easier workpiece to replace.

In particular, the crank can have an elongated central area which is surrounded by a border that protrudes on one side of the central area. In a first end area, a first collar is provided, which on the same side as the border protrudes. This federal government is for clamping on a first axis by means of a first clamping ring determines what gives a high strength for the workpiece.

Should such a crank be used as a connecting piece between two axes while guaranteeing an exact position of the axes to each other and a precise value for the center distance are used, it also includes

a second collar, which is attached in the second end region of the central region of the crank and on which the Umran- ■ dung opposite side with respect to the second end portion protrudes. This second end area jumps open the same side as the border in relation to the rest of the central area. The second collar is used for clamping a second axis by means of a second clamping ring.

To the Feotigkeit the crank at the same time low To increase space requirements and at the same time protection of the collar arrangements, it is advantageous to place the crank between the to provide both end areas of its central area with a crank and one for the individual federal arrangements Provide a lower height compared to the height of the border.

Such a crank can be used as a drive crank to move the linkage of a windshield wiper system, the first axis being a drive shaft with which the crank over the first collar and the first ring, which preferably has a U-cross section, is rotatably connected, and it is in the second axis about an end shaft of a ball joint pin acts, which rotatably via the second collar and the second ring, which preferably has an L-cross section is connected to the crank and to which a coupling of the linkage is articulated.

The weight of such a crank made by deep drawing can be compared to a solid "crank with the same Required space, the thickness of which corresponds to the height of the collar arrangements, can be reduced by about half. Further the crank according to the invention has the advantage that it can be easily produced by deep drawing processes that are well suited for automation.

Further advantages and features of the invention result

from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of a drive crank of a drive mechanism of a windshield wiper system, which is connected to a drive shaft and to a ball joint pin;

Figure 2 is a plan view of the crank shown in Figure 1;

3 shows a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of a drive crank;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the crank of Figure 3;

5 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment, in which the clamping ring has an L-cross section and the collar along the edge opposite the axis clamps;

6 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment in which the ring has an L-cross section and on the collar with the area corresponding to one of the arms of the L, while the other arm is at the level of the The end of the collar forms a flange; and

7a and 7b in a schematic representation of a further embodiment in which the ring in cross section approximately has the profile of an inverted U, wherein the web of the U is arranged in the vicinity of the free end of the collar and the outer wing of the U is deformed against the inner wing of the U, which forms an abutment.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, it comprises the one produced by deep drawing from a ductile sheet of metal or an alloy Drive crank 1 has an elongated central area 2 with a trapezoidal plan and a crank 3 approximately in the

Central area, in the two deformations of V-shaped Cross-section and diamond-shaped plan are pressed in, of which the one 4 in relation to · shaft 1 upwards and the other 5 protrudes downwards. The central area 2 is surrounded by a border 6 with an approximately constant height, which protrudes downward in relation to the central region 2 of the crank 1. A collar 7 is in the end area 8 (in Fig: 1 and 2 on the left) of the central area 2. This collar 7, which has a circular cross-section and is made by deep drawing, has frustoconical Inner and outer surfaces and has a flat radial end surface. It's about a round Base connected to the end area 8. A drive shaft 9 of circular cross-section having a frustoconical Area 10 and a threaded end portion 11 engages with its frustoconical Area 10 in the collar 7 so that the threaded end 11 over the flat end face of the collar 7 stands out. The end face of the collar 7 is located approximately at the level of the upper edge of the border area 8 Border 6. The inner surface and optionally also the outer surface of the collar 7 have grooves that run along the surface lines of the frustoconical surfaces. A circular ring 12 of circular cross-section and U-shaped radial section is placed around the collar 7 in such a way that the U-profile extends in the direction of the base of the collar 7 at the end area 8 of the crank 1 opens. The ring 12 has · on the surface of its radial inner wing 13, which on the Outer surface of the collar 7 is directed, grooves that run axially when this surface of the radial inner Wing 13 is cylindrical, or which run along the surface lines, if this surface is slightly frustoconical is shaped. Further radially extending grooves are also provided on the outer surface of the base of the U-ring, i.e. on the surface of this ring which is directed towards the side which is the base of the collar 7 at the end region 8 opposite. A nut 14 is on the with a

- I b -

The end area 11 of the shaft 9 provided with a thread is screwed on in such a way that it causes an axial load on the ring 12 and causes this ring to be pressed against the collar 7. The ring is thus radially on the frustoconical area 10 of the shaft 9 clamped. The interaction of the frustoconical The inner surface of the collar 7 and the frustoconical surface of the area 10 ensure good centering of the crank 1 with respect to the axis of the shaft 9. The grooves on the inner surface of the collar 7 resist loosening of the.

Shaft 9 and the collar 7, while at the same time under the action of the axial pressure of the nut 14 and due to the Truncated cone shape of the outer surface of the collar 7 of the radial inner wing 13 of the ring 12 also has a truncated cone shape assumes what a good axial pressing and a firm radial clamping of the ring 12 on the collar 7 causes.

The grooves on the surface of this against the collar 7 directed inner wing 13 are on the outer surface of the Collars 7 pressed and interact with the grooves of the outer surface of the collar 7 so that they remove the ring 12 from the federal government 7 prevent. The ring 12, which is also produced by die technology, thus represents a clamping device of the collar 7 on the shaft 9. The grooves provided on the outer surface of the base of the ring 12 fulfill the same function as a serrated lock washer and prevent the nut 14 from loosening.

On the other side of the cranked area 3, the central area 2 has a second end area 15 through which Deep drawing is given an upward projection, which in relation to the rest of the central area 2 on the on the same side as the border 6. A collar 16, which compared to collar 7 has a smaller diameter, is in this area 15 of circular cross-section. Produced by deep drawing. This covenant 16 with circular cross-section and slightly truncated cone shape has grooves on the inner surface that run along the

tell lines of this truncated cone surface run. An end wave 17 with a slight truncated cone shape of a ball joint pin 18 intervenes in the federal government 16. A circular ring 19 produced by die technology with an L-profile in radial section is fastened around the collar 16 in such a way that one of its two wings 20 is attached to the outer surface of the collar 16 and with the other wing 21 rests against the essentially radial and flat surface of the collar 16. The circular one Ring 19 has an outer surface of the wing 21, i.e. a surface opposite the collar 16, with radial Grooves which press into the side opposite one end region of the shaft 17, which is crimped against the ring, that the ring 19 is pressed against the collar 16 and this collar is tensioned against the shaft 17. The ring 19 thus represents represents a clamping device which ensures a firm connection of the collar 16 to the shaft 17. The usage of frustoconical contact surfaces between the shafts and the collar arrangements ensures good centering of the crank 1 with respect to the axes of the shafts 9 and 17 and enables a good precision of the center distance between the two shafts. The height of the collar 16 and the end area 15 in relation to the adjacent area of the crank is less than the height of the border 6. The flat end surface of the collar 16 is approximately at the same height as the lower edge of the border 6 around the end region 15.

The crank 31 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 comprises a flat central area 32 of rectangular plan. This area is from the border 36 which is on one side of the central region 32 protrudes (upwards in FIG. 3), edged. In an end area 45, which corresponds to area 15 of the corresponds to the previous example and in relation to the rest of the central area 32 on the same side as the edge 36 protrudes, the crank has a collar 46 of small diameter, which corresponds to the collar 16 of the previous example and like this last-mentioned Collar with a clamping ring, corresponding to ring 19,

and with a shaft, corresponding to the shaft 17, cooperates. An end portion of the shaft 17, corresponding to the area 22 is crimped onto the ring to clamp the shaft with the collar. For these reasons one is not necessary

further description of the federal government 46..

In the other end area 38 of the central area 32, the Crank on a collar 37, which is formed by deep drawing and in relation to the central area 32 on the same.

Side as the border 36 protrudes. This covenant 37 delimits a passage in the shape of a right cylinder of elongated cross-section showing a closed curve with four corner points results. This cross-section corresponds to the cross-section of a shaft of circular cross-section, in which two parallel, axially flattened points of the same dimensions are incorporated. The federal government 37 takes the Area of the shaft with the two flat areas. The collar 37 has a cross section that is closed by zVei analog curves, each of which has four corners. The collar 37 is produced by a die technique Circular ring 42 edged with a U-shaped radial section. The inner wing 43 is the shape of the outer surface of the collar 37 adapted, while the outer wing of the ring 42 has an approximately oval shape. The distance of the separating the two wings of the ring 42 with a U-profile is therefore not constant.

As in the previous example, the outer surface of the Base of the ring 42 with U-profile grooves, which are connected to the opposite surface of an element for the axial Load and cooperate to press the ring 42 against the collar 37. It can be on the shaft screwed nut or an area of the shaft flared onto the ring 42. As in the previous one For example, this ring acts as a tension ring for the collar 37.

In this second example is the height of the federal orders

'16 and 37 less than the height of the border 36.

In Fig. 5 a modified embodiment is shown in which a frustoconical collar 50 with a clamping ring 51 cooperates. The clamping ring 51 has an L-shaped profile section. One arm 51a of the L is a radial one Flange which is arranged approximately at the level of the smaller end of the frustoconical collar 50. Of the Ring 51 tightens the collar 50 and presses with the edge of the Flange 51a, which is located opposite the axis of the ring 51, on the collar 50. In this embodiment are the associated means for axial loading and pressing are not shown. This can be, for example be the same devices that have been described in the embodiment of FIG.

In Fig. 6 a further modified embodiment is shown, in which the frustoconical "collar 60 is connected to a clamping ring 61. The clamping ring 61 has a L-shaped profile section, with an arm 61a representing a flange around the collar and the arm 61b a truncated cone around the covenant. The ring is placed on the collar accordingly on the inner surface of the truncated cone the arm 61b of the cut.

7a and? B shows a further embodiment for the clamping ring shown. The collar 70 is surrounded by a clamping ring 71, the profile section of which is approximately Is U-shaped. The web 71a of the U is arranged approximately at the level of the small end of the collar 70. The web 71a connects two arms 71b and 71c, which are not exactly parallel as in a normal U, but slightly to the open Converge towards the side of the U, i.e. towards the larger base of the collar 70. When the means of axial loading and to press the ring against the flange 71a, this causes a deformation of the ring, as in FIG Fig. 7b, shown in the form that the arm 71e the arm

1 71b touched. The arm 71b forms a dem in the area of the ring. Collar 70 corresponding truncated cone and the arm 71c forms a circumferential abutment around the truncated cone corresponding to the arm 71b. In this way there is a reinforcement

5 reduction of the clamping effect.

Claims (22)

Maxton · Maxton · Langmaack patent attorneys Patent attorney · Mixton & Langmaack ■ Pfardmengesatr. 50 - 50CX) Cologne 51 Alfred Maxton he. (1943-1978) Alfred Maxton Jürgen Langmaack Graduated Engineers (tu) admitted to the European Patent Office 5000 Cologne 51 Our signs date 559 pg 8'If) i _in August 1984 Description: Device for connecting an axis and a workpiece, in particular a work piece produced by deep drawing, with the aid of a clamping ring Expectations: Device for connecting an axle (9, 17) and one having a passage opening for the axle Workpiece (1, 31) which has the following components: - A collar (7, 16, 37) molded onto the workpiece (1, 31) 46, 50, 60, 70), which limits the passage opening, - A clamping ring (12, 19, 42, 51, 61, 71) placed around the collar, with at least one of the opposite sides, namely the outer side of the collar and the inner side of the ring, at least partially frustoconical is and - Means (14, 22) for axial loading and for pressing the ring in the direction of the base of the collar on the workpiece, Telephone: (0221) 380238 ■ Telegram: Inventator "Cologne · Telex: 8883555 max d Postgirokonto-CCP Cologne (BLZ 37010050) Account No. 152251-500 Deutsche Bank AG Cologne (BLZ 37070060) Account No. 1236181 characterized in that the axis (9, 17) has an on Collar (7, 16) engaging frustoconical area (10, 17) and the collar (7, 16) radially on the frustoconical area (10, 17) of the shaft by action the means (14, 22) is held for axial loading, the inner frustoconical surface of the collar (7 »16) with the frustoconical surface of the area (10, 17) the shaft (9, 17) cooperates. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two opposite surfaces are at least partially are frustoconical and roughly correspond in shape. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring (19, 51, 61) is L-shaped Has radial section. 4. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that a wing (20) of the ring (19) against the outer Surface of the collar (16) and the other wing (21) pressed against the approximately radial and flat surface of the collar end (16) is. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ring (14, 42, 71) is U-shaped Has radial section. 6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the ring (12, 42) extends in the direction of the base of the Collars (7, 37) on the workpiece (1, 3D opens. 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized characterized in that the means for axial loading and for pressing the ring towards the base of the collar on Insert an axis (9, 17) into the workpiece. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the means for axially loading and pressing the ring (12) in the direction of the base of the collar (7) on the workpiece (1) comprise a nut (14), which on a with a thread provided and on the collar (7) protruding area (11) of the axis (9) is screwed. 9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for axial loading and for pressing. of the ring (19) in the direction of the base of the collar (16) on the workpiece (1) consist of an area of the axis (22), which is crimped against the ring (19). 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, there- characterized in that the inner surface of the collar (7, 16, 46) has grooves. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized characterized in that the outer surface of the collar (7) has grooves. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the inner surface of the ring (12, 19) has grooves. 13 · Device according to one of claims 1 to 12 ·, characterized characterized in that the ring (12, 19, 42) is on the opposite side to the base of the collar (7, 16, 37) on the workpiece (1, 31) Side has a flat and approximately radial surface in which approximately radial grooves are provided. 14. Device according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the axis, the collar (37) and the clamping ring (42) have an elongated cross section. 15. The device according to claim 14, characterized in that that the cross-section is longer than it is wide. 16. Device according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized characterized in that the cross section of the axis, the collar (37) and the ring (42) through at least one closed Curve that has at least one corner is limited. 17. Device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it is the workpiece to be connected is a crank (1, 31) made by die technology. 18. The device according to claim 17, characterized in that the crank produced by die technology (1, 31) a central elongated portion (2, 32) extending from one on one side of the central portion (2, 32) surrounding border (6,36) is bordered and in the first end region (8,38) of which a first collar (7, 37) is provided, which protrudes on the same side as the border (6, 36) and which has a first clamping ring (12, 42) against it a first axis (9) can be pulled. 19. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that that the crank (1, 31) produced by die technology comprises a second collar (16, 46) which is provided in the end area (15, 45) of the central area (2, 32) of the crank and on the opposite side of the border (6, 36) protrudes in relation to the second end area (15, 45), which in turn protrudes on the same side as the border (6, 36) in relation to the rest of the central area (2, 32), the second collar (16, 46) a second clamping ring (19) can be tightened against a second axis (17) via ^1. 20. The device according to claim 19, characterized in that the crank (1) between the two end regions (8, 15) its central area (2) has a crank (3). 21. Device according to one of claims 19 or 20, characterized in that the height of the collar arrangements -δ-Ι (7, 16, 37, 46) each less than the height of the border (6, 36) is. 22. Device according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that it is by die technology manufactured crank (1, 31) is a drive crank, which drives a linkage of a windshield wiper system, with the first axis being a drive shaft (9) acts, the crank (1) by means of the first collar (7) and the first ring (12), which preferably has a U-cross section having, is rotatably connected, and wherein the second axis is an end shaft (17) of a pin with Ball joint (18) acts by means of the second collar (16) and the second ring (19), which preferably has a Has L-cross-section, is rotatably connected to the crank (1) and to which a coupling of the linkage can be articulated.