DE3337159A1 - Arrangement for initiating electrical switching processes - Google Patents

Abstract

An arrangement for initiating electrical switching processes by entering a sequence of acoustic pulses in the audible sound range uses an analog-digital converter with automatic switching threshold adaptation to the mean ambient noise level and a programmable digital switching mechanism which changes the switching state at the output only if specific conditions are satisfied.

Description

SUBSCRIBED

description

Application area :

The invention relates to an electronic circuit arrangement for remote switching of electrical consumers, triggered by a series of acoustic impulses in the auditory sound range, particularly without the aid of technical Aids can be generated by people.

State of the art:

Such circuit arrangements are already known

a) P 19 19 972,

■ b) P 15 88 383,

c) P 26 43 912.

Criticism of the state of the art:

The known circuit arrangement a has the following disadvantages: The pass band of the selective amplifier of the arrangement a is in the upper auditory sound range (^ 13 kHz). In this frequency range it is more technical without any help Aids not sure possible to deliver a conscious signal sequence. The human ear is in this frequency range relatively insensitive, as a result of which control over the signals emitted is severely impaired.

The circuit arrangement b requires input signals with a duration of > 500 ms. This condition cannot be realized by clapping hands or knocking. This acoustic Signals, however, are ideal when it comes to concise acoustic 'impulses' with sufficient volume to generate without technical aids.

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None of the circuit arrangements a, b, c have an automatic Switching level adjustment to the ambient noise level. As a result, these arrangements are either relatively insensitive or they react to background noises when there is a high level of background noise.

The circuit arrangements a and b have counting circuits, which are constructed with monostable multivibrators. Such counting circuits are only suitable for counting several input pulses, if these arrive at very specific intervals depending on the tolerances of the flip-flops. A Deliberately changing the time constants leads to the counter working incorrectly or not at all.

The circuit arrangement c is not programmable. Although it clearly counts the number of input pulses, it recognizes however, it does not determine whether the specified time conditions are met between the individual input pulses.

Task:

The invention is based on the object by acoustic Impulses in the auditory sound range that can be generated by people without technical aids (e.g. clapping, knock) to trigger a conscious switching process and still be insensitive to background noise.

Solution:

The object is achieved in that the Arrangement has an analog-to-digital converter whose switching threshold is controlled so that its amount increases with increasing Environmental noise increases and that the analog-digital converter is followed by a programmable logic switchgear is that as a switching condition for its output

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the end of an input signal sequence, ■ the time intervals between successive input pulses and the number · of input pulses processed.

Description of an embodiment:

The transducer 20 converts the acoustic signals, which are generated, for example, by clapping hands, into electrical ones Vibrations that are amplified by the amplifier stage 21. The signal is then split into two Processed paths:

The selective amplifier 22 has a bandwidth b ^ 11 kHz. and a pass frequency between 10Hz and 12kHz. It is dimensioned in such a way that it only amplifies the frequency spectrum, which is mainly generated by the consciously emitted impulses. The signal amplified by 22 .will be with 23 rectified and integrated with 24 and 25. Over 25 After each acoustic pulse, a switching voltage A proportional to its amplitude is generated.

The amplifier 26, which amplifies the signal supplied by 21 again, is located in the second path. The gain of 26 is constant in the auditory sound range. The output signal from 26 is rectified with 27 and integrated with 28, 29 and 30. The time constant formed by 28 and 30 is greater than the charging time constant of 25.

Above 30 there is a switching threshold voltage B, which is proportional is the average noise level at the transducer 20. The clamping circuit 31 and 32 ensures that the noise level is low at 20 for a minimum switching threshold span

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The comparator 33 compares the voltage levels-A and 3. At A ^ B its output jumps from logic 0 to 1. This Edge triggers the monostable Kippstufon 34 and 36.

34 forms a pulse of from the input pulse edge defined length (e.g. 200 ms). The negative edge of the output pulse from 34 is evaluated by 37 for counting.

The monostable multivibrator 36 can be retriggered. The exit F of 36 goes again with every positive input pulse in the unstable state for the time given by 35. ' As long as F is in the unstable state, ' with each negative input edge at 37, only a different output (1 k) from 37 logical 1. Depending on the switch position of 38 (39 etc.) the information 1 or 0 is then available at the input of 40 (point G). At the transition from 36 to stable state takes over the information from G to H (D-FF). With every positive edge at point H, 41 changes the logic state at its output (point D). The logic state at point D is amplified from 42 to a relay 43 transmitted, which carries out the desired switching process.

Achievable benefits:

The circuit arrangement automatically regulates the sensitivity depending on the average noise level. This allows the pass band of the selective amplifier can be chosen to be relatively large and the basic sensitivity increase. As a result, a high overall sensitivity is achieved in turn, without a high level of ambient noise To generate false tripping.

The rear derailleur is programmable. As a result, an arrangement can have different, mutually independent response conditions and save a signal sequence from another due to its number of pulses and the chronological order Distinguish sequence. Based on its programming, the arrangement recognizes whether a pulse belongs to a signal sequence.

Programming can also be done by entering a sample pulse train happen.

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Claims (1)

Claims 1. Arrangement for triggering electrical switching processes by entering a sequence of acoustic pulses in the auditory sound range, characterized by 1.1. an analog-to-digital converter with automatic switching threshold adjustment to the average environmental noise level, for the conversion of acoustic impulses into digital electrical impulses. 1-2. a programmable digital switching mechanism that generates a new time constant At with each input pulse. 1 max changes when the input pulse train all following Conditions met: CX) The time interval At. between the input impulses C. and C. - is smaller than a time interval At specified by the programming. 1 max β) The number of pulses that meet condition c <, is equal to a response number n specified by the programming. g) After the last input pulse, a period of time At η max elapsed without a further input pulse. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1 for converting pulse-shaped acoustic signals in the auditory sound range in electrical impulses, characterized by 2.1. a converter (i) for converting acoustic signals into electrical signals, 2.2. an amplifier (2) for amplifying the output from the converter (1) electrical signals emitted, 2.3- a selective amplifier (3) with a bandwidth b ^ 11 kHz and a pass frequency in the range of 10 Hz to 12 kHz to amplify the signals emitted by the amplifier (2), 2.4. a rectifier (4) for rectifying the signals emitted by the selective amplifier (3), 2.5. a filter element (5) for generating the switching voltage A. by integrating the output from the rectifier (4) benign impulses, 2.6. a control amplifier (6) for amplifying the signals emitted by the amplifier (2), 2.7- a rectifier (7) for rectifying the from Control amplifier (6) emitted signals, 2.8. a filter element (7) for generating the switching threshold voltage E by integrating the from the rectifier (7) given impulses, 2.9. a .voltage source (10) for generating the minimum switching threshold voltage B .. = U ₀ , 2.10. a summation circuit for forming the switching threshold voltage B = U ₀ + E or a clamping circuit to form the switching threshold voltage B = E rv U ₀ - Up, 2.11. a comparator (11) which compares the values A and B. and the logic switching state at its output • then changes when one of the two values exceeds the other. 3. Circuit arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the functional units of claim 2 cooperate as shown in Fig. 1. COPY 4. Switching mechanism according to claim 1 for generating a switching process only when the input pulse train c ,. ■> fulfills all of the conditions programmed into the arrangement, characterized by that 4.1 .. they have at least one program selector switch (13) for entering the response conditions a.; Β ; / from claim 1 contains, 4.2. it contains a monostable flip-flop (34) for shaping the output pulses C, 4.3- it contains a retriggerable monostable multivibrator (36) with a programmable time constant t_, which is set anew by each input pulse C, 4.4. they have a digital counter made up of bistable multivibrators for counting the pulses that have arrived at input C. contains, 4.5- the counter through the output signal F of the monostable Flip-flop (36) is set or reset, 4.6. the counter has at least two decimal outputs to which, as shown in FIG. 2, at least one Selector switch (38) for programming the required number of responses is connected, 4.7- a bistable on each selector switch (38, 39, etc.) Flip-flop (40) is connected, which only accepts the information G in its output when the monostable The tilting stage (36) returns to its stable state, 4.8. to the bistable flip-flop (40) another bistable flip-flop is connected, which either only with a positive or only a negative edge of your input signal H the logic state at the output I am changing. 5- arrangement according to claim 1 and 4, characterized in that the switching mechanism with a programmable Microprocessor system is implemented. 6. Arrangement 14 · for programming the arrangement from claim 5, characterized _{x in} that it controls the arrangement from claim 5 so that the programming, programming is carried out by entering a sample signal sequence ⁰ CtI f, the parameters of which are cC .; β ; V can be stored in the arrangement according to claim 5 and used as response conditions until the next programming. 7- arrangement according to claim 1, 4 and 5 with several Outputs, characterized in that each output has an arrangement according to Claims 4.6 to 4.8 owns. 8. An arrangement for switching electrical loads, characterized in that each output I a Switch amplifier 15 and 16 is connected downstream. COPY