DE3321324A1 - WATER-SOLUBLE LUBRICANT AND THEIR USE - Google Patents

Description

Oxy-Dry Corporation 2011 Landmeier Road Elk Grove Village, Illinois 6000? V.St.A.

Representative:

Kohler-Sehwindling-Späth Patent attorneys rionentwielstraße 41 7000 Stuttgart 1

Water soluble lubricant and its use

The invention relates generally to compositions of matter which are suitable as lubricants, and in particular to compositions which are suitable as lubricants in non-cutting Ae tallverformung as well as lubricants and humidifiers oei offset processes in which the printing ink applied to webs is cured by energy supply .

In the non-cutting deformation of metals, such as when pressing a motor vehicle bumper or the like. the end a large piece of sheet metal, extraordinarily large ones step Forces on. In the absence of a suitable lubricant, the 31ecn may become cracked, cracked or scratched. Even the There is a risk of the metal parts seizing. As serious as such damage to the workpieces is, the possible wear and tear and especially the fretting of the expensive ones The molds used to press the metal have even worse consequences. These problems can through the use of lubricants, such as those used in forcing are common, are largely avoided, but for some applications it is of equal importance that the Lubricant can be completely removed from the workpiece after pressing. Preferably the lubricant should be water-soluble, so that »a simple washing of the pre-treated or molded part with water or an alkaline solution or the like. essentially complete removal of the lubricant. The great importance of the removal of the lubricant is due to the fact that Even small residues of the lubricant on the pressed part have a detrimental effect on subsequent treatment steps can, such as electroplating, lacquering and the like .. Furthermore, the extremely high pressures that arise in punching oider pressing processes, in connection .not cause the generated heat to degrade the lubricant, which leads to discoloration of the finished metal part that are difficult to remove.

In offset printing, in which energy is supplied to cure the printing ink, for example in offset web printing with farm curing or curing by means of ultraviolet radiation, the printing ink is cured and dried by passing the printed paper web through an energy source, such as for example by an oven or a group of ultraviolet radiators, after which contact with cooling rollers promotes the further hardening of the dried paint. The drying of the color by the addition of energy also causes a reduction in the natural flammability of the paper, which makes the paper brittle. For this reason, and because imperfect ausgenärtete color may cause marks on the paper, especially in streaking when the paper away runs in the subsequent folding to metal, paper ■ after contacting the cooling rolls Alt has been gerfonnlich a silicone emulsion provided.

The invention is based on the object of creating a lubricant for pressing or drawing metallic materials which (1) protects the metallic material piece against cracks, cracks or scratches and also seizure in small lengths, which (2) protects the costly shapes that are used in such .ietallverformungsoperationen, protects against wear and / or seizing and (3) the essential zaea completely viasser means or a cleaning agent viässrigen removed as well as can be also all discoloration that occurred during the course of the punching or Preäoperationen are. The invention is also directed to a lubricant and dampening agent which can be used in offset printing, in which the drying of the printing ink takes place under.

Accordingly, the subject matter of the invention is a water-soluble lubricant containing

(a) about 5 to about 95 parts by weight. of a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of about 200 to about 15,000

(b) about 95 to about 5 wt. T. ¹ of a nonionic surfactant of the formula

£ °) —06CHp-CHp-O) ~~ CH _? CH _? EAR

in which R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group with 9 to 15 carbon atoms and η is an integer from δ to 40,

(c) 0 to about 3 parts by weight. of a carrier,

(d) 0 to about 0.3 parts by weight. a silicone surfactant and

(e) 0 Dis about 4900 parts by weight. Water.

In these lubricants, the polyethylene glycol and the nonionic surfactant are in a total amount of 100 parts by weight. contain.

The lubricants of the invention are for lubrication Metallic materials suitable for punching or rubbing processes. They are preferably carried in liquid form by spraying, namely in undiluted form or diluted with water Shape. They can also be applied in 'dipping or rolling technic.

those indicated above, lubricants according to the * invention also small amounts of a silicone surfactant and / or a tracer.

Aaterialzusauioiensierungen according to the invention, in which the Polyethylene glycol a typical medium weight from about 200 to about 800 can be used as a lubricating and dampening agent for the webs in offset printing in which the printing ink is cured by supplying energy will. Typically the agent is supplied as a dilute aqueous solution containing 100 parts by weight. the mix of Polyethylene glycol and nonionic surfactant in conjunction with about H900 to about 99900 parts by weight. Contains water.

The invention is accordingly directed to a water-soluble lubricant which
(A) from about 5 to about 95% by weight of a polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of about 200 to

15,000
(d) about 95 to about 5 parts by weight. a nonionic surfactant of the formula

in which R is a straight-chain or branched alicyl group with 9 to 15 carbon atoms and η is an integer from 5 to 40, '
(c) from 0 to about 3 parts by weight. a tracer,

· C

(d) from 0 to about 0.8 parts by weight. a surfactant Silicons and

(e) from 0 to about 4900 parts by weight. Contains water.

The lubricant is also characterized by the fact that the polyethylene glycol and the nonionic surfactant Substance therein in a total amount of 100 parts by weight. present and all weight positions in the description above based on the total weight of the lubricant.

which are described in more detail below can be found by the Lubricant according to the invention especially for lubricating the surface of metallic workpieces in punching or Drawing operations and as a lubricant and moistening agent i: n offset printing with color hardening through the supply of energy to the cutting kidneys and moistening the printed paper using. The polyethylene glycol of the lubricant of the invention nat an average molecular weight of about 200 to about 15,000. Weim the lubricant according to the invention for lubricating is used for pressing metallic workpieces, the average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol preferably about 000 to about 10,000, in particular about 3,000 to 9,000 and, as a particularly preferred value, about 8,000. Polyethylene glycols are commercially available from a variety of sources. For example, they can be from Union Carbide Corporation under the trademark Carbowax. Garboway 3350 with a molecular weight in the range from 3000 to 3700 is a polyethylene glycol useful in the invention. Carboway 8000, which is a molecular weight in the range from 7000 to 9000, a is particularly good suitable polyethylene glycol.

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If the lubricant according to the invention as a lubricant and Humidifier in offset web printing with energy supply caused paint drying is used, that should Average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol in one typically range from about 200 to about 800 and preferably around δ00.

The nonionic surfactant contained in the Invention lubricant is used is a polyoxyethylated alkylphenol, more precisely than AlKyI-phenoxypoly (ethyleneoxy) ethanol can be designated »It is the formula

-CH ₂ -O} -— CH ₂ CH ₂ OH,

in which A is a straight-chain or branched alicyl group with 9 up to 15 carbon atoms and η an integer from 6 to 40 means. Preferably η is an integer from 6 to 12 and R is rfonyl. Compounds with are particularly preferred η = 8. Nonylphenoxypoly (ethyleneoxy) ethanols are available from uAF Corporation under the trademark Igepal GO. A particularly preferred surfactant is Igepal CO-630s in which R = nonyl and η = 8.

The addition of a silicone surfactant as an ingredient the lubricant according to the invention, in particular for cutting metallic four pieces before punching operations, supports the removal of any discoloration »which sicn

332132.

during the pressing process as a result of the extraordinary Forces and also as a result of the nebulous heat generated during pressing. The surface-active ones Silicones retain their interfacial activity at elevated temperatures, thereby removing discoloration support, which have arisen due to the degradation of the lubricant during the perforation process, namely under Use of a hot or cold washing liquid Water base. Surface-active silicones which are used for the inventive Suitable lubricants include the polyalkylene oxide modified uimethylpolysiloxanes of the general j

H _x C-

CH, I ³

-Si-

O-

Si

Si

| 3 6

■ v

•Themselves-

CH

iii the Ά is either hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical.

Suitable surface-active silicones of the type described above include the polysiloxane-polyoxyalkylene-Slociccopoly.-ners of the kct described in Ü3-PS 3,980 S88. Surface-active silicones of this type are oei der d. Univon Carbide available under the trademark SiIwet

ta in what is particularly interesting for the invention, interface

¹ T A
it oiliKon is Silwet "L 7001.

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Interface-active silicones can also be used at will Bifeucntungsmittel for offset printing are used. They are largely unnecessary there because they are discarded as a result of the degradation of lubricants and humectants do not normally occur there.

ioenso Can be a tracer as part of the lubricant such as Triecnanolamin in small; 4engen are used to easy to determine the amount of lubricant has been drawn onto the workpiece. As the detergent is usually and preferably applied to the piglet is applied as a nomogenic mixture, is that on the «Ierkstiicic amount of tracer present of the total amount of the directly proportional to the lubricant applied to the square. Accordingly, an analysis related to the tracer, for example a simple titration with a Acid of known concentration when using triethanolamine as a tracer to determine the .denge or the level of the Tracer located on a specific surface section of the piece, the extent of application of the lubricant, if the concentration of the tracer in the Sch.aiernittel is known, because then based on the known Concentration of the tracer calculates the amount of lubricant can be.

Already stated above, there are the inventions Sen.iiier.mittel from a water-soluble mixture of about up to about 95 parts by weight of a polyethylene glycol and of about 95 about 5 parts by weight a nicntionic surface-active

t · »

Substance of the formula given above, with the total amount of these two components in the lubricant 100 parts by weight. amounts to. In addition, the lubricants according to the invention (1) a surface-active silicone, (2) a tracer and / or (3) contain water, and such additives are preferably present in many applications. The following Taoelle 1 gives the 3 realms for the various components at. In Table 1, all parts are based on weight and based on the total weight of the lubricant, furthermore should in any case use the total amount of polyethylene glycol and the nonionic surface-active substance in the Sen.niermittel according to Table 1 A total of 100 parts by weight. be, d.n. that 35 parts of the nonionic surfactant Substance are present if the polyethylene glycol 5 5 parts are present so that the total of these two components is 100 parts. The respective lubricant can then be a .4 contain some of the other specified ingredients, namely a silicone surfactant, a tracer and water in the specified amount. For example, contains a Particularly preferred lubricant about 65 parts by weight. Polyethylene glycol, about 35 parts by weight the nonionic surfactant Substance, about 0.4 parts by weight. of the surface-active silicone, about 1 part by weight. Tracer and, for light pulling processes, about 4900 parts by weight Water.

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Table 1

concentration

Part of the area

Polyethylene glycol 5-95

Preferred area

65-75

Most preferred area

65 or 75

nientionic surfactant 95-5

surface-active silicone

iracer

water

0-1.0

0-3

0-4,900

35-25

0.1-0.5 0.5-3 100-4,900

35 or 25

0.4

100 (or 0) for extreme drawing operations on thick core pieces; about 4 »900 for light metal, e.g. aluminum foil and light target operations

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vlenn lubricant according to the invention as a lubricant and ßefeiichtungraittel in offset printing with curing of the printing inks or the like caused by the supply of energy. are used, these oils mainly contain water. The following table 2 gives the ranges for the various components for this pail. viie with the lubricants according to Table 1, the polyethylene glycol and the nonionic surface-active substance should be in a total amount for these two components of 100 parts by weight. are present.

area Table 2 component 5-95 Preferred
area Polyethylene
glyicol 65-75 nicntionic interface ac 95-5 tive fabric 35-25

Most preferred area

interfacial may be absent or active in those in Table 1 SiIi- specified amounts are present

Tracer

may be missing or in the range given in table 1

4,900-99-000

9,9OO-49,000

15,000

If the lubricants according to the invention are used to lubricate metallic workpieces in PreS- or Ziehopertionen, they can be applied in different ways. The mixtures are preferably sprayed on as a liquid, regardless of whether the lubricant contains water. A preferred method of applying the lubricant is to use the Oxy-Dry Series ¹ Joo Waxer as described in Oxy-Dry International publication entitled "Nev / Oxy-Dry Series 700" viaxer " Applies an upper and a lower spray bar and the workpiece to be treated is transported through the device by means of a chain conveyor, while the lubricant is preferably applied to both of them when the workpiece passes the spray bars -Dry Series 700 Waxer is applied, the mixture is preferably ^{heated to about 70 0} G before application Heated temperature between 90 and HO ⁰ G, preferably to a temperature of about 104 ° G.

The lubricant according to the invention can also be applied in other ways, such as by means of, for example ■ smoking or rolling on. When there is a large amount of water in the lubricant, i.e. the lubricant is extreme is diluted, a dipping technique is preferable, as it is mentioned later -La example ß.

When lubricant according to the invention in metal pressing operations and the like are used, the amounts of lubricant employed are typically in the range of about

1 mg to about 10 g of active ingredients per square meter of metal surface to be treated. Preferably the Amount between 10 mg and 4 g per square meter. Pure light metal, light pulling operations are particularly set of

2 to 200 mg used per square meter. In contrast, in the case of heavier metal and heavier drawing operations, the amount is in particular about 0.4 to about 3 g per square meter. Since, in many applications, both sides of a metal blank or sheet are treated, the total amount to be applied to the blank or sheet may in fact be twice the fourth given above. "Active constituents" are used here to refer to the components other than water. The amount used, in the range from about 1 to 10,000 m ^ P ^po square meter, depends on the extent of the deformation, the thickness of the metal and the type of metal. For example, heavy or thick stainless steel, which is subjected to a very large deformation, and in particular a deep drawing process, requires the use of much larger amounts of the lubricant than an aluminum foil which is subjected to only a small deformation.

When compositions according to the invention as lubricating and Humidifier in the offset web printing process with energy supply For drying the paints and the like methods used, they are typically in the form of a highly dilute aqueous solution, as illustrated in Table 2, and in an amount ranging from about 0.1 to about 200 rag of active substances per 3'J.adrdt: nater der to be dealt with. Preferred values are

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about 0.5 to about 50 and most particularly about 0.7 ois about 3.0 mg / .n. As both sides of the paper web to be treated are and are preferably also treated, the total amount used can double the values given above accept. The tightness leased on a certain side

ρ between about 0.1 and about 200 rag / m depends on the type of paper used, the thickness and type of color used and the temperature that the paper assumes during the curing and drying of the printing ink. It is understood that the term "offset printing with curing of the printing ink under energy supply" refers to a printing process in which the ink, after it has been transferred to the paper, is supplied with energy to the printed pipier by means of an external one Energy source is brought to harden. Sine such an energy source (1) a heat source, such as a furnace _s (2) ultraviolet Licnt, (3) infrared light or the like. be.

The lubricants of the invention have various ones Important properties that make them a lubricant in the non-cutting deformation of metals compared to the previous ones make lubricants used for these purposes appear particularly advantageous. First of all, they are water-soluble, which facilitates their application, because water both in terms of the effects on the environment and from a preferred carrier for economic reasons The addition of the lubricant is when a very small amount of the lubricant is to be applied. The water solubility simplified the lubricant according to the invention also the removal of lubricant residues from the metallic four pieces after their deformation, as pure Water or an aqueous washing liquid, which is for example

2o

wise contains a detergent can be used to remove the lubricant in cases where the following steps, such as painting or electroplating, require substantially complete removal of the lubricant. In this regard, the lubricant according to the invention usually by means of hot or cold water which may or may not contain detergent. Which is very advantageous because of the economy of a washing process with water and the reduced environmental problems inherent in treating detergents that are not based on water based, such as with organic solvents.

The lubricants according to the invention have the other The advantage that they can be used in relatively small doses in relation to conventional lubricants. Farther can start multiple drawing or punching operations with just one Application of the lubricant to be carried out as opposed to the need to be carried out when using the usual Lubricant after each work process the lubricant to reapply. The corresponding savings in handling and in the amount of lubricant also leave the lubricants of the invention appear to be highly desirable when combined with conventional lubricants in such Operations are compared.

Oils of the lubricants of the invention form uniform, homogeneous compositions, both in solid and liquid form, and also both with and without the presence of water as a component of the lubricant. This homogeneity is very desirable because it is necessary

the lubricant on xtietallic workpieces so uniform // ie possible to apply. Furthermore, the lubricants which solidify at room temperature, uniform, nomogenic solids without pase separation, which is indicative of the due to mutual solubility of the polyethylene glycol and the nonionic surfactant is.

The beneficial properties of lubricants according to the Invention are illustrated by the following examples, which have been selected for the purpose of illustration, but not to demonstrate the limits of the invention.

Examples 1 to 14:

Examples 1 to 14 serve to illustrate the general method by which the lubricants can be produced. Accordingly, the lubricants of Examples 1 to 14 were made using the following general technique :

The stated amount of Igepal 30-030 was heated in an open bottle to a temperature which was above the melting point of the polyethylene glycol to be added, for example to a temperature in the range from 54 to 5 <3 ° C. or more. Then the specified amount of polyethylene glycol was slowly added to the heated Igepal · 30-630 while stirring. The liquid mixture was kept at a temperature of 54 to 58 ⁰ G or more until a clear, homogeneous system was obtained. The heating of the

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The container was then closed and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature while cooling the mixture became increasingly cloudy until ain further solid was obtained.

rfenn a tracer and / or a release agent as part of the Lubricant was added, as was the case with some of the Examples given below which Pail was, the Addition in the amount specified in the examples below to the heated liquid mixture of Igepal CO-630 and Polyethylene glycol with stirring. After obtaining a clear, normal system, the container became warm removed and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. When cooling down, it became a tracer and / or a Release agent-containing composition also more and less cloudy until a white pesticide was obtained.

example
Amount of

335O ¹ 5 25 50 65 75 d5

Aenge

Igepdl

CO-53Ü 95 75 50 35 25 15

CnaraKteriiK des ab-

cooled solid product 2. 3 · 4. 4. 5 · 5.

his pa.inotes

• · © OOftft o * i

• »» Ο <ι _η β ». ,

Example 8 9 10 11 12 13

. ■ ([close to Garboviax 3350 ¹ 49-5 64.4 74.2 65 75 64 = 4 74.2

to Igepal
30-630 49.5 34.6 24.8 35 25 34.6 24.3

at

gcenzfIacuenakti vs. SiIitcon L 7001 - - - 0.39 0.39 0.39 0.39

. •! Close to TracerCtrietnanol

ajxin) 11 1 1

Cnärakteristikc of the cooled solid product * 4. 4. 5. 4. 5. 4.

* oiene passport notes

All amounts given in Examples 1 to 14 are parts by weight.

The lubricant of Example 1 was a soft, greasy, white pest.

The lubricant of Example 2 was a semi-solid, white pesticide.

The lubricants according to Examples 3, 4, 8, 9, 11 and 13 were waxy, solid, white pests.

The lubricants according to Examples 5> 6, 10, 12 and 14 were waxy, hard, white solids.

The lubricant of Example 7 was a waxy, hard, white pest with a crystalline appearance.

Example 15:

35 parts by weight Igepal CO-630 were heated in an open vessel to a temperature which was above the melting point and of Garbowax 8000 was about 65 ⁰ C. Then 65 parts by weight were added. Carbowax 80000 slowly added to the heated Igepal CO-630 with stirring. Then 1 part by weight was added. Triethanolamine added as a tracer to the heated mixture of Igepal CO-630 and Carbowax 800O with stirring. After a clear, homogeneous system had arisen, the supply of heat was interrupted and the mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. During the cooling, the lubricant containing the tracer became increasingly cloudy until a white pest was obtained. The resulting lubricant was a waxy, hard, white pest.

The following examples show how to use the products according to the invention. These examples also serve again only for explanation and not to indicate the limits of possible uses.

Example A:

400 steel plates (approx. 40 cm in diameter and approx. 0.3 cm thick) used for compressor housings for air conditioning and refrigeration units should be verforiiit were on both sides with the Coated lubricant according to Example 5. The> 4tightness applied to each side was in the range between 1 and

2 *

3 g / m. An Oxy-Dry Series 700 waxer was used to spray on the lubricant as a liquid at a temperature of slightly above 100 ^° C. The blanks were then shaped into housings using a 1500 t press under high pressure. The lubricant performed well without failure, dn the good parts without cracks _3, cracks or presses were obtained throughout the application, doh. in the area

ρ
from. 1 to 3 g / m 2. Pressing or wear on the molds was also not observed. After molding, the parts were washed in a hot, alkaline bath, rinsed with hot water and air dried. The parts had a more glossy appearance than parts obtained with conventional lubricants. The parts were within the tolerances specified for compressor housing parts and had _{a lower tendency to form burrs compared to parts a} which were manufactured using conventional lubricants. Finally, after they had been coated with the lubricant according to the invention, the stacked blanks could be used

Feeding to the press can be separated more easily than those coated with conventional lubricants had been.

Example B:

About 10,000 kg of aluminum foil, which came from four different batches and were intended for the production of various types of food containers, were mixed with a mixture of 3.2 parts by weight. of the two-component lubricant according to Example k and about 100 parts by weight. Treated water. The aluminum foil was treated on both sides, by passing it through a bath of the above composition at ambient temperature and then passed through an oven whose temperature was maintained at about 130 ⁰ C in order to remove by the drying process, the water from the sheet to and Zwelkomponenten -Leave lubricant as a thin layer on both sides of the aluminum foil. The belt was operated at a speed of 300 to 460 m / min, so that the lubricant according to Example 4 remained after the removal of the water in an amount of 30 to 80 mg / m on each side of the aluminum foil. The resulting coated film passed all quality tests to which an aluminum film intended for the production of food containers is subjected.

The four different batches of coated aluminum foil then became food containers of various types deformed. The coated aluminum foil could be deformed well and even then passed all quality tests for use as a food container.

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Tests have also been carried out in which one heated Roller closed. (I Removal of the water during de; u drying process was used. Here, too, the results were satisfactory.

Example G :

A lubricant and wetting agent containing 65 parts by weight. Polyethylene glycol with an average molecular weight of about 600 and 35 parts by weight. Igepal 00-630 was made, by mixing the two components that are liquid at room temperature. About 0.7 part by weight the above described mixture were with gentle stirring with 99.3 parts by weight rfasser offset. It should be noted that a small .Length of a defoaming agent can be added, such as for example polydimethylslloxane, to reduce the tendency to To reduce foaming.

The mixture diluted with water of 65 parts by weight. Polyethylene glycol and 35 parts by weight Igepal CO-630 was then sold as a Lubricants and moisturizers for offset printing hardenable paints are used. The printing was done at a speed between 450 and 520 m / jin on one Paper spell 97 cm wide. A total of about 47,000 impressions per hour were made on the coated Pdpier stock, after which the printed paper was dried in an oven and passed over roller rollers, after which the above Lubricant and moistening agent in one: 4 tightness of about 4 l / n was applied to each side of the paper web. The total amount was accordingly about 8 l / h, v / as an order of about 0.8 to 0.9 mg of the active ingredients per square meter

·· ι

ter corresponds to the paper web. The resulting, print Magazine pages had trimming after collating and splits an increased gloss. There weren't any markings (Color bleeding), no deterioration or discoloration of the product as a result of the application of the Observe lubricants and humectants. On the other hand, the magazine parts formed in this way could be lighter than up to because the friction between them compared to the currently used, customary silicone emulsions was decreased.

3example D:

The lubricant according to Example 5 was diluted with an equal amount of water, i.e. 100 parts by weight. the two-component lubricant, that from 75 parts by weight Polyethylene glycol un 25 Ciew.T. Igepal CG-63O consisted of 100 parts by weight. water was mixed. This mixture was then used to seal the two faces of 2,300 stainless steel blanks Deschicnten who produce food scales by placing both sides of the boards under

wall of an Oxy-Dry Series 700 waxer at a temperature of about 70 ⁰ C were sprayed. After the application of the acoustic treatment, selected boards were weighed in order to determine the amount applied, including the water. It was found that there was one on each side of the boards

Mange of about 250 mg / m was present. £ s Note daae the water fraction has not been determined, so that a cheap rate of the water at the application of the Schiniermittels unfc.it ¹ emönter temperature could be vaporized. The bescnicntecen stainless steel sinkers were then in

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processed in a 100 t press. Ss were no problems with regard to jumping, tearing or pressing of the workpiece encountered. No pressing or wear of the dies was observed either.

example S ,:

The lubricant according to Example 13 above was used to coat both sides of 300 stainless steel blanks which were intended for the manufacture of food bowl lids. The coating took place using a Qxy-Dry Series 700 "viaxer at a temperature of slightly above IQO ⁰ C. The applied-

2 genes were about 200 rag of the active substance per ra on each side of the boards. The blanks were then shaped using a 25 ton press. There weren't any Jumping, rubbing, or squeezing problems encountered. Neither was there any pressing or wear of the Forming tools observed.

Example ff:

Both sides of 400 boards made of stainless steel, which were intended for the production of food serving trays were of a Oxy-Dry Series coated 700 waxer with the lubricant according to Example 13 using which was operated at a temperature of about 100 ⁰ G. the

2 Thickness of the coating was about 400 mg / m of the active Substances on each side of the boards. During the deformation of the blanks to serving bowls using a 100 t

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Press, discoloration occurs, indicating degradation of the lubricant. The discoloration Could easily be washed off in an alkaline bath.

Similar experiments with a lubricant are the same Type but not containing silicone surfactant, led to discoloration that could not be removed by simply immersing them in an alkaline bath.

Example G:

The lubricant of Example 15 was used to both To coat the sides of stainless steel plates intended for dividing cooking utensils. The coating took place with an Oxy-Dry Series 700 Waxer at a temperature of about 93 ° G. The applied .4enge the lubricant was about 470 mg / m on each side of the boards. Then 5000 such stainless steel blanks were put through a heavy duty press. Ss a slight discoloration of the cooking utensils obtained was observed, which was due to slight decomposition of the lubricant. This discoloration could be easy can be eliminated by washing with water. Some of the cooking utensils produced had slight stains after washing Scratch marks are found.

In the same way, 1,000 stainless steel blanks were made Stanl using the same high-performance press and the same lubricant according to Example 15 to cooking utensils deformed. However, the amount of lubricant was up

From the

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each side of the boards to about 650 mg / m of the active Fabrics are possible. A very slight discoloration of the molded Cooking equipment showing a slight degradation of the lubricant was due to could be observed «. These Discoloration could easily be washed off with water. With this amount of application, about 65 mg of the lubricant Per square meter of surface of the stainless steel circuit board, not the slightest scratch mark could be found on the ^ Surface of the molded cooking utensils to be found.

The lubricants according to Examples 1 to 3, 6 to 12 and 14 were tested for their ability to form layers on .ietallooerflächen by diluting them with an equal amount of water and as a uniform layer on the surface of workpieces made of aluminum spread out. Ddt; // The water was then evaporated and the layer was checked for undershoots and smoothness. In all cases the 3ciii was not continuous and even.

Lubricants according to the invention are used commercially in all industrial areas in which blanks or workpieces made of metal are deformed into useful components or devices by punching or pressing. For example, lubricants according to the invention are used in punching and pressing made from aluminum foil or -blecn. Similarly rfeise also närtere and heavier metals such as stainless steel can, which, etc. for the production of food-serving dishes. is used with the food containers, etc. einschlieS-LICn Kocngefääen., The lubricants according to the invention can also be used in the punching and pressing of automobile parts, compressor housings for refrigerators and air conditioning units and the like.

The lubricating and moistening devices described above, the have been produced using polyethylene glycols with low.n .loletcular weight, find in particular in offset web printing processes, in which the printing ink is dried and dried by the addition of external energy is cured, for example by means of an oven or a UV light source. The lubricants and moisturizers according to the invention are useful in such printing processes, u.fi to supply moisture to the paper again after it ih-.ü has been withdrawn during the drying and hardening process is. They also serve to reduce the friction between the sheets of paper, thereby promoting the collapsing operations and significantly reduce the tendency of the printed paper to form marks (color blurring) while the paper is being processed into: a final product by gathering, cutting, splitting, etc. They can also serve to increase the gloss of the paper.

Claims (1)

Patent claims Containing water-soluble lubricant (a) 5 "to 95 parts by weight of a polyethylene glycol with a average molecular weight from 200 to 15,000, (b) a polyethylene glycol to 100 parts by weight. complementary Amount of a nonionic surfactant of the formula 0 -f CH ₂ -CH ₂ -O ^ CH ₂ CH ₂ OH in which R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 9 to 15 carbon atoms and η is an integer from 6 to 40 means (c) 0 to 3 parts by weight a tracer and (d) 0 to 0.8 part by weight a silicone surfactant. 2. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that d'ii3 it the polyethylene glycol in an amount of 50 to 75 parts by weight and the nonionic surfactants otoff in an amount of 50 to 25 lew.T. contains. 5- lubricant according to claim 2, characterized in that the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight of 600 to 10,000. 4- lubricant according to claim 2, characterized in that that the polyethylene glycol weighs an average-a mol-akal-ir ^ -a from 3,000 to 9,000. 4. Lubricant according to claim 2, characterized in that because the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight from 3,000 to 9,000. 5. Lubricant according to claim 4, characterized in that daä η means an integer from 6 to 12. 6. Scnjiiernittel according to claim 5 * characterized in that da3 in the formula for the nonionic surface-active substance R denotes nonyl and η denotes the number 8. 7. Scnjiier.Tiittel according to claim 5, characterized in that the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of
3000 to 3700 owns. 8. Scn.nier.nittel according to claim 6, characterized in that the polyethylene glycol has a molecular weight of
Owns 7000 to 9000, 9. A lubricant according to claim 5, characterized in that iäiA the silicone surfactant in a Äenge of
0.1 to 0.5 part by weight is present. 10. Scn.nier.nittel according to claim 6, characterized in that it is used as a tracer 0.5 to 3 parts by weight. Thrietnanola.nin
removes. 321324 11. Lubricant according to claim 8, characterized in that it contains the polyethylene glycol in a Jenge of 55 to 75 uew.Tj the non-ionic surfactant in a ^ narrow of 35 to 25 wt about 0 ₅ 4 3ew.T. and a tracer in an amount of about 1 part by weight. contains. 12. lubricant according to one of the preceding claims, dadurcn indicated that there are up to 4900 Getf.-Γ. viasser contains. 13. Scnmier.nittel according to claims 6 and 12, characterized gekennzeicnnetj that there are 100 to 4900 parts by weight. water contains. 14. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that because it also forms a humectant, in de.u the polyethylene glycol has an average molecular weight from 200 to 800 and the 4900 to 99 900 parts by weight. viasser contains. 15. lubricating and humidifying agent according to claim 14, characterized in that the polyethylene glycol is a .a average molecular weight of etv / a δΟΟ and in Forsnel for * the non-ionic surface-active substance R ilonyl and η the number 8 mean » 10. lubricant and moistening agent according to claim 15, characterized in that the water content is 9900 bis 49 900 wt. amounts to. 17. Use of the lubricant according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that there is at least one surface of a force applied to be deformed metallic workpiece is applied before the workpiece causing the deformation Force is exposed. Id. Use according to claim 17, characterized in that that the lubricant after the application of force from the deformed workpiece with preferably hot and / or a detergent-containing water is washed off. 19. Use of the lubricating and moistening agent after one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that that it is in offset processes, in which the on one Printing ink applied to the paper web by means of an external energy source for drying or curing is brought, after the curing of the printing ink, at least one side of the paper web is applied.