DE3238285A1 - System for supplying heat energy from an external heat circuit to a service water circuit, in particular a service water storage tank - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system for supplying heat energy from a heat circuit to a service water supply circuit, in particular to a service water storage tank. The invention is characterised by at least one heat exchanger, the primary side of which can be connected to the heat circuit and the secondary side of which is connected together with at least one circulating pump and at least one interruption section formed by a valve arrangement into a closed circuit for the service water outside the service water supply circuit or the service water storage tank, and by at least two connections, provided in each case at one end of the interruption section, for the connection to an inlet and to an outlet of the service water supply circuit or the service water storage tank, in a first operating position of the valve arrangement, in which (operating position) a service water flow is possible through the interruption section, at least one of the two connections being disconnected from said circuit, and in a second operating position of the valve arrangement, in which (operating position) the service water flow within the interruption section is interrupted or greatly reduced, said at least one connection being connected to said circuit.

Description

PROPERTY AGENCIES;

Dipl.-Ing. A. Wasmeier

§ Admitted to the European Patent Office · Professional Representatives before the European Patent Office

i | Patent attorneys P.O. Box 382 8400 Regensburg 1

[I of that

f | German Patent Office

EI zu / eibrückenstrasse 12

if 8000 Munich 2

D-8400 REGENSBURG GREFLINGER STRASSE 7 Telephone (0941) 54753 Telegram Begpatent Rgb. Telex 6 5709 repat d

pi your sign; | J Your ReI.

Your message Your Letter

Applicant:

Our sign
Our Ref.

B / p 10,978

Max Bindl jun.
8491 Katzenisried

Day Date

October 13, 1982 Gr / Yes

Title: System for supplying thermal energy from an external heating circuit to a service water circuit, especially utility storage tanks.

Inventor: = applicant

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System for supplying thermal energy from an external Heat cycle to a domestic water cycle, in particular

Domestic hot water storage tank

The invention relates to a system for supplying thermal energy from a heating circuit to a domestic water j

circuit, especially to a water heater. |

Especially in systems for the generation of thermal energy with the help of a heat pump, the generation of hot water (domestic .i water) significant difficulties. In the previous systems: are used for the preparation of hot water domestic water boiler or ü Storage with heat exchanger elements arranged in these used, the latter of which is used by the heat-transporting one Medium of the external heat cycle, i.e. that which includes the heat pumps Circulation ^ are flowed through. Here it is now necessary, the heat exchanger elements in terms of their number, design and, above all, size or area as possible to adapt precisely to the performance of the heat pump used in order to achieve optimum efficiency and, above all, to do so in the case of too small a design of the heat exchanger elements in the external heat circuit, to avoid excessively high pressure that would cause the Destroy the heat pump or, in the case of an appropriately protected heat pump, could lead to the fuse elements responding too frequently.

Similar difficulties in adapting exist with the previous ones Systems even if different types of external heat cycles Find use.

Another problem with previous systems is that the domestic water temperature can only be regulated very imprecisely, which often has the consequence that the domestic water temperature exceeds values that are considered by official heating regulations Maximum values are prescribed or exceed values,

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f ff

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; ^ | where a separation of lime from the service water and thus föf calcification of the hot water supply or its pipes etc.

ϊ'4

[S occurs to an increased extent.

fi is a VI / Eiterer, substantial disadvantage of known systems

in that the arrangement of heat exchanger elements in; i | Domestic water boilers or storage tanks repair or cleaning

1 * work on the heat exchanger elements in many cases very labor-efficient

ä are intensive and expensive, especially since they are easy to clean

&, Heat exchanger elements such as plate elements are not

|| -are usable. In addition, it can be in the known systems il. There are significant disruptions because of these

. $ Systems is necessary, which usually the higher pressure

J | exhibiting heat-transporting medium of the external heat

I circulate through the heat exchanger elements that are on

I react far more sensitively to excessive internal pressure than to

i | excessive external pressure. An excessive internal pressure '"* der

'I' heat exchanger elements can easily cause this

• | Elements become leaky and thus heat-transporting

ff

'λ Medium from the external heat cycle into the domestic water

i | arrives, which then often requires a costly cleaning of the

[I makes the entire hot water supply of a building necessary.

Il The invention is based on the object of a system of

ti

a type described at the outset to show what the disadvantages

jf of known systems and which especially with regard to

il its use or its use is so flexible that it

with the same training on external heat cycles different Performance and / or at bra ^ 'Chn / water storage different Size can be connected, wöbe !, at the same time an exact one Regulation of the domestic hot water temperature is guaranteed.

To solve this problem, a system is the one outlined above Type characterized by at least one heat exchanger, the primary side of which can be connected to the external heat circuit and its secondary side together with at least one

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Circulation pump and at least one of a valve assembly formed interruption path to a closed circuit for the domestic water outside the domestic water supply circuits or domestic water storage tank is connected, as well as through at least two connections each provided at one end of the interruption section for connection to an inlet and one Outlet of the domestic hot water storage tank, whereby in a first 84 · - Operating position of the valve arrangement in which (operating position) a flow of domestic water through the interruption path is possible is, at least one of the two connections is disconnected from the circuit mentioned, and in a second operating position the valve arrangement, in the (operating position) the flow of domestic water is interrupted or reduced within the interruption path, the mentioned at least one connection with the mentioned circuit is connected.

With the system according to the invention, it is possible to heat a certain volume of service water to a predetermined or preselected temperature using the thermal energy supplied via the external heat circuit, this volume of service water being in the circuit outside of the service water storage tank with the aid of the circulation pump in the valve arrangement in the first operating position . outside the hot water supply circuit of a building, etc. is circulated until this hot water volume has reached the desired temperature. As soon as this is the case, the valve arrangement is switched to the second operating position and the heated domestic water volume can then be fed into the two connections
Domestic water storage tank or are pushed into the domestic water supply circuit, with a corresponding volume of domestic water at a low temperature entering the circuit arranged outside the domestic water storage tank or the domestic water supply circuit. This new volume is then again heated in the manner mentioned and then pushed into the domestic water storage tank.

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Since the heating of the domestic water in the inventive System takes place in each case "by volume" or "clocked", with the volume of domestic water heated in one operation or cycle depends only on the volume of the circuit outside of the domestic hot water storage tank, it is possible with the invention to connect hot water tanks of different sizes to one and the same system, i.e. the size or volume of the used water storage tank can be varied over a wide range and to the respective consumption of warm mass customizable. Only the number of operations is large-volume Domestic hot water storage tanks higher than in the case of small-volume storage tanks in order to reduce the total amount of water in the storage tank to the

to heat the desired temperature.

Since in the system according to the invention, the heat exchanger is located outside the domestic hot water storage tank, here ■ heat exchangers, e.g. counterflows, can be used that have a

Ensure optimal efficiency and even with extremely small temperature differences between the primary circuit and heat exchange takes place in the secondary circuit.

Due to the clocked operation of the system according to the invention (Heating a certain volume of domestic water to the desired temperature and then pushing it in Volume in the domestic hot water storage tank) it is also possible to connect one and the same system to external heating circuits, whose performance differs in a large area.

Furthermore, it is ensured by the method of operation of the system according to the invention that the domestic water under no circumstances is heated above a certain temperature, i.e. it is a very precise control of the maximum domestic hot water temperature possible, with a temperature sensor arranged in the circuit outside of the domestic hot water tank to switch over the Valve arrangement from the first to the second operating position and vice versa controls.

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Cleaning and repair work on the heat exchanger or on the elements of this heat exchanger can be conveniently carried out in the system according to the invention. Besides, it is at the system according to the invention basically possible to use heat exchangers in which the heat exchanger elements of the Process water can be flowed through at a relatively low pressure, which significantly improves operational reliability. It is precisely because of this that the system according to the invention is suitable for connection to cooling devices or cooling systems in order to prevent the there Make waste heat usable for heating domestic water.

Further developments of the invention are the subject of the subclaims.

The invention is based on the figure, which is a Embodiment of the system according to the invention shows in more detail explained.

In the figure, 1 is the flow and 2 is the return of a Heat cycle for supplying thermal energy. This heat cycle can be formed from the most varied of systems, e.g. from a district heating system, from a solar system, from a system containing a heat pump or a cooling system in which the waste heat is recovered should, in this latter case the supply line 1 and the return line 2 for supplying and removing the refrigerant to serve.

In principle, it is also possible that the flow 1 and the return 2 are part of a circuit, with the help of which the at Heat energy generated during production or the operation of machines is to be recovered or made usable. "Heat cycle" in the context of the invention is therefore whole

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ji | to generally understand a system that transports heat

ff containing medium, which within the system with heat

|| energy is applied.

k The flow 1 and the return 2 are on the primary side of one

9 heat exchanger 3 or to connections 4 and 5 on the primary side

I connected this heat exchanger.

, 3 The secondary side of the heat exchanger 3 has the

II presented embodiment two connections 6 and 7, of which the

I port 6 the outlet and port 7 the inlet of the secondary

I form the side of the heat exchanger 3. The connection 7 is with the

I output of a circulation pump 8 connected, the input of which is connected to the

1 output of a distributor piece 9 is connected. This

I distributor piece 9, which in the simplest case consists of a T-conveying

I shaped piece of pipe is formed, has two entrances, one of which

j | one communicates with a port 10, while the j

It ■ 'other output of the distributor piece 9 to one end of a

; | Pipeline 11 is connected. The other end of the pipeline

% device 11 is connected to an output 12 of a switching valve 13, e.g.

k of a three-way valve, the inlet 14 of which is connected to the connection 6 of the heat exchanger 3 via an I pipe 15. A second outlet 16 of the valve arrangement 13-4 is connected to a connection 17, which in turn is connected to a pipe connection 18 of a service water tank 19 serving as an inlet. The connection 10 is connected to a pipe connection 20 which, like the pipe connection 18, is in connection with the interior of the domestic water storage tank 19. The water heater 19 is, for example, on

its outer wall thermally insulated boiler, which in its I.
I lower area has a connection 21 for connecting the boiler to I the water supply and in its upper area a connection ρ 22 for connection to hot water consumers.

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In the pipe 15- a temperature sensor 23 is arranged, either directly or via an electrical control device (not shown), which are also not shown Controls drive means for the valve arrangement 13 in a manner as will be explained in more detail below.

As the figure shows, forms the secondary side of the heat exchanger 3 together with the heat pump 8, the distributor piece 9, the pipeline 11, the valve arrangement 13 and the pipeline 15 a closed circuit outside of the domestic water storage tank or boiler 19, in which (circuit) the to be heated Domestic water with the circulation pump 8 switched on in the direction of the Arrow A can circulate. The valve arrangement 13 forms the interruption path in this circuit, the valve arrangement 13 is designed so that in a first operating position of the valve arrangement 13, the circuit mentioned is closed i.e. there is a connection between input 14 and output 12 while output 16 is disconnected. In In a second operating position of the valve arrangement 13, the connection between the inlet 14 and the outlet 12 is interrupted and a connection between the input 14 and the output 16 is established.

The way the system works can be explained as follows:

It is assumed that the water heater 19 and the entire system connected to the secondary side of the heat exchanger 3 is filled with domestic water.

Via the heat-transporting medium of the external heat circuit flowing in at flow 1 and flowing out at return 2 the heat exchanger 3 supplied thermal energy. The valve arrangement 13 is in the above-mentioned first operating position, in which the input 14 is connected to the output 12, and the circulation pump 8 is switched on. This circulates the domestic water in that from the secondary side of the heat exchanger

3, the heat pump 8, the pipe 11 and the * pipe 15 formed closed circle in the direction of arrow A, where

Il this circulating domestic water in the heat exchanger 3 is increasing

ff is heated.

Ά As soon as the temperature of the circulating hot water, a

. certain, previously preselected or fixed

Temperature value, for example has reached a temperature of approx. 50 ⁰ C and this temperature value has been determined by the temperature sensor 23, the switching valve 13 switches to its f _t second operating position in which the connection between the input 14 and the output 12 is interrupted and a connection _r between the input 14 and the output 16 is established. When the switching valve 13 is switched over, the previously heated volume of broken water is then pressed into the interior of the domestic hot water tank 19 via the pipe connection 18 through the action of the circulation pump 8 and at the same time via the pipe connection 20 through a ^! corresponding hot water volume of lower temperature from the hot water storage tank 19 replaced.

f! As soon as the temperature of the domestic water at the temperature sensor 23 falls below the specified value, e.g. below approx. 50 ⁰ C,

j switches the switching valve 13 back into its first operating position and thus again establishes a connection between the Input 14 and the output 12 ago. The domestic water now circulates again in the direction of arrow A in the closed Circuit outside of the hot water storage tank 19 until the The specified temperature value is reached and the thus heated Domestic water volume after the switching valve 13 has been switched over again in the manner described via the pipe connection 18 pushed into the hot water tank 19 and replaced by a corresponding hot water volume of lower temperature can be.

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The statements show that in the system according to the invention ^s

first a certain volume of hot water through circulation in j

a closed circuit to a predetermined temperature f

is brought, and that this volume is then

, servo volume of lower temperature is replaced, which latter \

again in a closed cycle outside of custom * I water reservoir 19 circulates until it is the predetermined

Temperature and a new hot water volume j

can be replaced, etc.

In the embodiment shown in the figure, two temperature sensors 24 and 25 are provided in the domestic water tank 19, the temperature sensor 24 being located in the upper area and the temperature sensor 25 in the lower area of the domestic water tank 19. The temperature sensor 24 * thus measures the respective prevailing in the domestic water tank 19 [ highest temperature and the temperature sensor 25 that in the! Domestic hot water tank each prevailing lowest temperature, the two temperature sensors 24 and 25 are used to control the heat energy supplied via the external heat circuit (flow 1 and return 2), for example in the form that the upper temperature sensor 24 den Switch-on point and the lower temperature sensor determines the switch-off point for the heat supply via the external heat circuit. If, for example, the flow 1 and the return 2 are connected to a heat pump, the upper temperature sensor 24 or a signal emitted by it switches on the heat pump when the temperature of the domestic water in the upper part of the domestic water tank 19 falls below a predetermined temperature value , for example, drops below a temperature of approx. 50 ⁰ C, while the lower temperature sensor 25 switches off the heat pump when the temperature of the service water in the lower part of the domestic water storage tank 19 exceeds a predetermined temperature value, e.g. a temperature of approx. 50 ⁰ C increases.

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As the figure also shows, the connection pipe 18 is connected to the upper part of the domestic water tank 19, while the connection pipe 19 opens into the lower part of this domestic water tank. This increases the effective volume of heated domestic water in particular, since when domestic water is withdrawn via connection 22, part of the heated water volume I pushed in through pipe connection 18 can also be carried along. Furthermore, the above-described arrangement of the pipe connections 18 and 20 in conjunction with the entire system also results in a temperature distribution that is as uniform as possible within the domestic hot water storage tank 19. ■ ·. ■

1 ν ¹

4 Finally, the figure also shows that in the illustrated '

; | Embodiment of the heat exchanger 3 from a closed

I housing is formed, its from the outer walls of the housing

1 limited interior space from the heat-transporting medium of the

J external heat cycle is flowed through, so this interior I; , the primary side of the heat exchanger 3, while the

I secondary side of the heat exchanger of at least one heat exchanger

I shear element 26 is formed in the aforementioned interior Fl is arranged and is flowed through by the hot water to be heated. This formation of the heat exchanger, which is caused by the ■ 1 system according to the invention is possible, offers considerable advantages Sf in terms of operational safety. There. the heat-transport- ■ I animal medium of the external circuit (flow 1 and return j! 2) usually has a significantly higher pressure than the

II pressure, of the domestic water, and since heat exchanger elements on an il . react to high internal pressure far more sensitively than to one

Excessive external pressure, i.e. leaking when internal pressure is too high, exists in the design shown in the figure of the heat exchanger 3 does not run the risk of the heat-transf The porting medium of the external heat cycle is mixed with the domestic water. Such defects are in the past has already occurred, since it was always necessary in conventional systems for heating domestic water that the beir for example, a heat exchanger arranged in a domestic water boiler

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shear elements from the heat-transporting medium of the external Heat cycle are flowed through. A leaking of the Heat exchanger elements then have the consequence that not only that contained in the relevant domestic water boiler or memory Domestic water becomes unusable, but this boiler resp. Storage tank and possibly even the entire hot water pipes, connections us \ i /. be cleaned in a building have to.

The system according to the invention has compared to known systems a number of advantages. An essential advantage is first of all the separation between the heat-transporting medium of the external heat cycle and the domestic water outside the Storage or boiler, in particular in the case of the special design of the heat exchanger 3 described above result in particular advantages in terms of operational safety, so that the system according to the invention also for the recovery of Heat is suitable for cooling facilities.

Furthermore, the system according to the invention can be used in one and the same Training on domestic hot water tanks of different sizes be connected, especially when the external heat circuit is formed by a heat pump. Until now it was necessary to change the heat exchanger elements, which are placed directly in a domestic water storage tank or boiler, with regard to their Adjust training and number of output of the heat pump used in each case in order to achieve an optimal temperature exchange reach and, above all, to avoid excessive pressure in the external heat circuit, the (excessive pressure) the heat pump could destroy.

There is another advantage of the system according to the invention in the fact that it can be carried out in such a way that one and the same version can be used in a wide range of external heat cycles different power can be connected.

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A significant advantage of the system according to the invention is, finally, is the temperature of the domestic water that- accurately to a predetermined value is controllable, wherein the temperature of the domestic water in the entire system can be set to a value that is below the temperature (about 5O ⁰ C) is, in which a calcification or a separation of lime from the domestic water occurs.

The at least one heat exchanger element of the heat exchanger 3 is in the system according to the invention, for example, from one or formed by several plate elements. As a heat exchanger element however, pipe coils etc. are also suitable.

The invention was described above using an exemplary embodiment. It should be understood that other changes as well Additions are possible without thereby departing from the idea on which the invention is based.

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Claims (1)

3238235 Claims .J System for supplying thermal energy from a heating circuit to a service water supply circuit, in particular to a service water storage tank, characterized by at least one Heat exchanger (3) whose primary side can be connected to the heat circuit (1, 2) and whose secondary side (26) together with at least one circulating pump (8) and at least one interruption path formed by a valve arrangement (13) to a closed circuit for the domestic water outside the domestic water supply circuit or the domestic hot water tank (19) is connected, and by at least two connections (10, 17), each provided at one end of the interruption path, to the connection to an inlet (18) and to an outlet (20) of the domestic water supply circuit or the domestic hot water tank (19), wherein in a first operating position of the valve arrangement (13), in the (operating position) a domestic water flow through the interruption path (12, 14) is possible, at least one of the two connections (17) of the circuit mentioned is separated, and in a second operating position of the valve arrangement (13), in the (operating position) the flow of domestic water within the interruption path (12, IA) interrupted or greatly reduced, the mentioned at least one connection (17) with the mentioned circuit in Connection. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the Valve arrangement (13) a changeover valve, preferably a three-way valve with an inlet (14) and two outlets (12, 16), where the break lines between the Input (14) and one of the two outputs (12, 16) formed i is. - ■ ^; COPY 3. System according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a Expensive piece (9) with at least three interconnected Connections, two connections of this distributor piece (9) being in the circuit mentioned and the third Connection with the other (10) of the two connections (10, 17) for connection to the domestic water supply circuit or to the Domestic hot water tank (19) is connected. 4. System according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that in the circuit mentioned, preferably in the flow direction behind the secondary-side outlet (6) of the Heat exchanger (3) a temperature sensor (23) is provided, the switching of the valve arrangement (13) from the controls first operating position in the second operating position. 5. System according to claim 4, characterized by means which determine the temperature or with which that temperature is adjustable, at which (temperature) the valve arrangement (13) switches from the first operating position to the second operating position and vice versa. 6. System according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the interruption section (12, 14) in the direction of flow is located behind the secondary-side outlet of the heat exchanger (3). 7. System according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized shows that the circulation pump (8) in the direction of flow in front of the secondary-side inlet (7) of the heat exchanger (3) lies. 8. System according to claim 7, characterized in that the The output of the circulation pump (8) is connected to the secondary-side input (7) of the heat exchanger (3) and the input of the GOPY Circulation pump (8) in * direction of flow behind the distributor | piece (9) or behind the interruption section (12, 14) * lies. f 9. System according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that «« · draws that the on the secondary-side output of the j Heat exchanger (3) following connection (17) for connection to the j Domestic hot water tank (19) with a connecting pipe (18) of the I Brauchv / water storage tank (19) is connected, which one is connected to the? upper part of the interior of this memory (19) is in communication. 10.System according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized thereby shows that the heat exchanger (3) is a countercurrent. 11.System according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the heat exchanger (3) has an interior closed by a peripheral wall, in which at least a heat exchanger element (26) is arranged, and that this heat exchanger element (26) is the secondary side of the heat exchanger (3) forms. BATH ORIGINAL
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