DE3209368A1 - Device for obtaining wind energy - Google Patents

Abstract

In the case of the device for obtaining wind energy a sail (2) is connected by way of hauling cables (9, 11) to a ground station (10) in which mechanical energy is converted into electrical energy. During a working cycle the sail is so aligned that a wind flow can exert the optimum effect on the sail, whereas during a recovery cycle on the other hand it is so aligned that the wind action is minimal. The position of the sail is controlled by varying the lengths of the hauling cables relative to one another. <IMAGE>

Description

Facility for generating wind energy

The invention is based on a device for generating wind energy as indicated in the preamble of claim 1. Such a facility is from the known as> 4 37 003.

The large wind power plant described there works with itself periodically moving large hydrofoil balloons. The hydrofoil balloons are designed so that that the wind flow by appropriate shaping a perpendicular to the flow direction acting buoyancy or downforce generated.

The lift time during the buoyancy period is based on pull ropes Transferring the scoop of a pumped storage plant. The maximum working height will be indicated with 500 ... 1200 m.

The use of wind flow in the form of lift on wings is an indirect type. Because of the associated low efficiency, must large areas are used and complicated controls are used to perform services of economic importance.

The invention is based on the object of a simple device to be specified for wind energy generation.

Dii, the problem is solved with those specified in claim 1 Means.

Advantages of further developments can be found in the subclaims.

The invention uses the wind flowing horizontally to the earth's surface directly by placing a WindSeU-El aligned approximately perpendicular to the direction of the wind so that the wind power acts fully on this sail. This enables a great deal quality Use of wind energy. The top pull ropes will be horizontal Acting force is transmitted to the ground and there drives a generator to generate energy at. The working period during which the sail moves from the contact point on the ground (the Location of the generator) removed to do work, followed by a period of rest, during which the sail can be returned to the starting position without any significant effort is retrieved. This means that the sail is made inactive for the retrieval process.

It is of particular advantage that the sail can also be used at greater heights can be brought and the wind flow there directly and thus with good efficiency y is used. At higher altitudes the wind conditions are more constant than at lower ones Heights. The simple structure of the arrangement according to the invention contributes significantly to economic benefits. This is particularly true of the sail. A possible one Replacing a lost sail does not incur any significant costs.

With a development of the invention in which a flywheel is used a particularly uniform drive of the generator is achieved.

It is also possible to use the energy needed to retrieve the sail to be taken from the flywheel.

The device according to the invention for generating wind energy is described below For example, explained in more detail using illustrations. They are: Figure 1, a schematic Representation of the device for wind energy generation, Fig. 2, a representation for Explanation of the functionality, Fig. 3, a sketch of the principal Structure of the ground station, Fig. 4, an energy balance for work and retrieval cycle 1: 1 and Fiy. 5, an energy balance for work and return cycles N: 1 with N> 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of the device for generating wind energy. There is a triangular sail 2 is provided, the ends of which are mechanically rigid frame 6, 7, 8 are held. The sail is exposed to the wind current, that one of its tips 5 points in the direction of the ground 100. On the top two Tips 3, 4 are ropes 12, 13 attached to each other at a node 101 are connected. The node 101 and the lower tip 5 are above a first Pull rope 9 or a second pull rope 11 is connected to a ground station 10.

When commissioning the facility for wind energy generation must the sail must first be brought into the working position. According to a further training this is achieved by providing a small gas-filled balloon 1 over which Ropes connected to the top two tips 3, 4 of the S +. This will not only achieved dai; claus sails is kept in the air even when there is no wind, but rather also, it is in higher air layers (e.g. 300 to 1000 m), in which more constant Wind conditions prevail, can bring.

The operation of the facility for wind energy generation is suspended a work cycle and a return cycle together. To get out of acting on the sail Wind power to be able to generate energy, this force must be used during the work cycle along one way work kötinen. This happens because Inan the pull cables 9, 11, for example can roll off a drum each, thereby driving an electric generator will. The work wing, during which the wind energy is converted into electrical energy is ended when a predetermined length of the pull cables from the drums is unrolled. During the following retrieval cycle, the pull ropes are opened again the drums wound up, bringing the sail back to its original position will. For the work cycle, the sail is aligned so that it is as close to the wind as possible offers a large attack surface, while the attack surface as possible during the retrieval cycle should be small. This can be achieved by changing the length difference between the first and the second pull rope. The usable energy is therefore the energy difference between work and retrieval cycle.

In the illustration according to FIG. 2, the sail arrives during the work cycle from an initial position A to an end position E. The traction cables 9, 11, which the sail 2 connect to the ground station 10, have a certain inclination (elevation angle #) to the horizontal to the necessary working height of about 300 ... 1000 m to reach for the sail. The el evation angle is chosen to be as small as possible, because the wind force Pw acts horizontally on the sail. The one transferred to the pull rope Force Pz is folglicii: k w cos Der Sch1u;) ff, tktor k (k * 1) takes the reduction into account the pulling force due to the propulsion of the windsail during the working period. An elevation angle of about 15 "... 20 'should be viewed as a favorable compromise be, because here about 95 '; of horizontal wind power in the Pull ropes effective. This resulted in a working length of about 1000 m (initial position) to about 31) 00 m (end position).

The basic structure of the ground station and the control processes are explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3. In this example, the two pull ropes 9, 11 led to separate drums 15, 16 on which they alternately unwound (Work cycle) and wound up (return cycle). The two drums 15, 16 are via a differential gear 14, as it is used in motor vehicles, connected with each other. A servomotor 17, for example a stepper motor, whose Function is explained below, is during unwinding or unwinding usually at rest, so that the two drums as a result of the power transmission Rotate in opposite directions over the bevel gears at the same speed. Accordingly the traction cables 9, 11 are wound on the drums 15, 16 in opposite directions. The rotary motion the drums 15, 16 is via a gear 19, the speed ratio and change of direction of rotation serves, transferred to the generator 21, which generates electrical energy. On the same Axis can expediently, between gear 19 and generator 21, a flywheel 20 are arranged, which acts as an energy store. As a result of his indolence equals it is the fluctuations in wind power. He can also bring back the energy removed from the windsail.

The control processes for the working and the retrieval cycle run as follows - @@@ en from: At the beginning of each work cycle, the pull cables 9, 11 are in opposite directions ajf den Drums 15, 16 wound up. A torque sensor 13 measures, for example as a torsion the drive shaft, the torque, that of the sum the tensile forces in the pull cables 9, 11 is proportional. The sensor signal is fed to a controller 23, which controls the servomotor 17. The engagement of the servomotor 17 in the differential gear 14 causes a rotation of the drums in the same direction and thus a mutual longitudinal displacement of the pull cords 9, 11, whereby the wind attack surface of the sail 2 is changed. At the beginning and also during the work cycle, the controller 23 actuates the servomotor 17 until the torque measured with the sensor 18 is a maximum. In order to an optimal utilization of the wind power is guaranteed during the work cycle.

The end of the work cycle is with the help of a counter 22, which the Drum revolutions registered, averaged. A corresponding signal controls the Controller 23 and the electromechanical actuator 24, for example a lifting magnet, which triggers the reversal of the direction of rotation in gearbox 19. By reversing the direction of rotation the return cycle begins with the rolling up of the pull cables 9, 11. Simultaneously causes the intervention in the controller 23, that now the adjusting motor 17 is operated as long as until the associated longitudinal displacement of the traction cables 9, 11, the torque has become a minimum. In this state, if necessary by readjusting is maintained, the sail 2 is brought back to the starting position.

The jerk cycle can be as long as the work cycle or shorter.

If the return cycle should be shorter than the work cycle, so now in the gearbox 19 iii le direction of rotation reversal at the same time dds ratio:; rena'ltnis corresponding The energy gain results from the first time of the workweqes existing Pulling force created by the effect of the wind flow on the Sails during work; the clock is made. The corresponding one must be deducted from this Effort for retrieving the sail during the retrieval cycle. Fig. 4 shows the corresponding energy balance for a complete cycle, consisting of work cycle and return cycle. In this example the time ratio is 1:: 1 for work and return cycle.

It can be technically cheaper, the retrieval cycle much faster as the work cycle. Fig. 5 shows such an example.

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Claims (7)

Patent claims for wind energy generation in which the wind force acts on a large-area formed body, whereby this body is moved away from a stationary reference point during a working cycle, and in which this body moves back in the direction of the reference point during a rest cycle the body for moving back is changed so that that for pulling back necessary energy is smaller than the energy gained during the movement away it is shown that the large-area formed body is a sail (2) that is connected to a ground station (10) via pull cables (9, 11) in which the conversion of mechanical into electrical energy takes place, is connected and that the lengths of the traction cables are controlled relative to each other so that the action of the wind during the work cycle approximated maximally and approximated during the return cycle is minimal. 2. Device for wind energy generation according to claim 1, d a d u Notices that the sail is attached to a gas-filled balloon connected is. 3. Device for wind energy generation according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the traction cables (9, 11) in the ground station are wound on drums and that at least one of the drum axles one Generator drives. 4. Device for wind energy generation according to claim 1 or 2, d a d u r c h gek e n n n z ei c h ne t that the traction cables (9, 11) in the ground station are wound in the opposite direction on drums (15, 16) that the Axles of the drums are connected to one another via a differential (14) and that the drum axles drive a generator (21). 5. Device for wind energy generation according to claim 3 or 4, there it is indicated that the drive of the generator (21) is over a transmission (19) takes place. 6. Device for wind energy generation according to claim 5, d a d u r c h g e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that a first control device (22, 24, 19) is provided, which after unwinding or winding up the traction ropes between work and return cycle umschlltet urd that a second control device (18, 23, 17) is provided which controls the relative position of the two traction cables to each other so that the wind effect on the sail approximately niaximally during the work cycle and during the return cycle is approximately minimal. 7. Device for wind energy generation according to one of claims 3 to 6, d u r c h e k e n n n z e i c h n e t that the axis of the generator with one; Flywheel (20) is connected.