DE3151882A1 - Mining mortar - Google Patents
Mining mortarInfo
- Publication number
- DE3151882A1 DE3151882A1 DE19813151882 DE3151882A DE3151882A1 DE 3151882 A1 DE3151882 A1 DE 3151882A1 DE 19813151882 DE19813151882 DE 19813151882 DE 3151882 A DE3151882 A DE 3151882A DE 3151882 A1 DE3151882 A1 DE 3151882A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- hemihydrate gypsum
- mortar
- mortar according
- alkaline
- alpha
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J calcium sulfate hemihydrate Chemical compound O.[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZOMBKNNSYQHRCA-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Inorganic materials [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011507 gypsum plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/146—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form alpha-hemihydrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/10—Accelerators; Activators
- C04B2103/12—Set accelerators
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Titel: BergbaumörtelTitle: Mining Mortar
Beschreibung Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von bei der Phosphorsäureherstellung anfallendem M-Hemihydratgips (# -CaSO4 .1/2 H2O). Description The invention relates to the use of in phosphoric acid production accruing M-hemihydrate gypsum (# -CaSO4 .1 / 2 H2O).
Bei bestimmten Verfahren der nassen Herstellung von Phosphorsäure aus Rohphosphat durch schwefelsauren Aufschluß fällt #-Hemihydratgips als Nebenprodukt an. Dieser- G-Hemihydratgips enthält Verunreinigungen, insbesondere Phosphate und Fluoride, die ihm Eigenschaften verleihen, welche von denen des durch Entwässerung aus Dihydratgips gewonnenen C(-Halbhydratgipses z.T. erheblich abweichen. Insoweit sind vor allem folgende Eigenschaften zu nennen: 1. Schwankender, meist früher Versteifungsbeginn, verzögerter Hydratationsfortschritt beim Anmachen mit Wasser.In certain processes of wet production of phosphoric acid # -hemihydrate gypsum falls as a by-product from rock phosphate by digestion in sulfuric acid at. This G-hemihydrate gypsum contains impurities, especially phosphates and Fluorides that give it properties which are different from those of the by dehydration C (hemihydrate gypsum obtained from dihydrate gypsum sometimes differ considerably The following properties are to be mentioned in particular: 1. Fluctuating, usually early onset of stiffening, Delayed progress of hydration when mixing with water.
2. Thixotrop-unplastische Konsistenz des mit Wasser angemachten Gipsbreis.2. Thixotropic, non-plastic consistency of the gypsum paste mixed with water.
3. Unkontrolliertes Ansprechen. auf Gipsverzögerer.3. Uncontrolled response. on plaster retarders.
4. Ausblühneigung aufgrund des Gehalts an leichtlöslichen Salzen.4. Blooming due to the content of easily soluble salts.
5. Saure Reaktion des mit Wasser angemachten Gipsbreis.5. Acid reaction of the gypsum paste mixed with water.
Diese Eigenschaften erlauben keine unmittelbare Verwertung des #-Hemihydratgipses; vielmehr muß dieser erst einer langwierigen Äufbereitung mit mehrstufiger Reinigung und Umwandlung unterzogen werden, bis er in einer Beschaffenheit vorliegt, die in Teilbereichen der Verwendungsbreite üblicher Baugipse eine annähernd normale Verwendung zuläßt.These properties do not allow the # -hemihydrate gypsum to be used immediately; rather, it must first undergo a lengthy preparation with multi-stage cleaning and be subjected to conversion until it is in a condition that is specified in Sub-areas of the range of use of common building plastering an almost normal use allows.
Die Aufbereitung des oC-Hemihydratgipses führt über die Zwischenstufe des Dihydrats, das dann unter Energieaufwand wieder zu kristallwasserärmeren abbindefähigen CaS04-Phasen gebrannt werden muß. Es liegt auf der Hand, daß- eine solche Verfahrensweise, bei der am Ende unter Energieeinsatz wieder ein dehydratisierter Gips erzeugt werden muß, wirtschaftlich recht ungünstig ist.The preparation of the oC hemihydrate plaster goes through the intermediate stage of the dihydrate, which can then be set again with the use of energy to form water-less crystalline ones CaS04 phases must be fired. It is obvious that such a procedure, In the end, a dehydrated plaster of paris is produced again with the use of energy must, is economically quite unfavorable.
Es hat daher nicht an Überlegungen gefehlt, wie der bei der Phosphorsäureherstellung anfallende #-Hemihydratgips ohne die Notwendigkeit einer Aufbereitung, doh. also - von einer stets erforderlichen Trocknung abgesehen - unmittelbar eingesetzt werden kann. Bei einem solchen unmittelbaren Einsatz dürfen die vorstehend angesprochenen Abweichungen in den technologisch interessierenden Eigenschaften, die einer Verwendung des C(-Hemihydratgipses im Einsatzbereich handelsüblichen Q(-Halbhydratgipses entgegenstehen, sich nicht schädlich auswirken, müssen also tolerierbar sein.There has therefore been no lack of considerations, such as that for the production of phosphoric acid accruing # -hemihydrate gypsum without the Need for reprocessing, doh. so - apart from a drying that is always required - used immediately can be. In the case of such direct use, the above-mentioned Deviations in the technologically interesting properties that are required for use of the C (hemihydrate gypsum in the area of application oppose commercially available Q (hemihydrate gypsum, do not have a harmful effect and must therefore be tolerable.
Der Erfindung liegt nun die Aufgabe zugrunde, den bei einigen Verfahren zur Phosphorsäureherstellung als Nebenprodukt feinteilig anfallenden 58-Hemihydratgips ohne die Notwendigkeit, ihn zwecks Beseitigung und/oder Unschädlichmachung der darin enthaltenen Verunreinigungen mit besonderem Aufwand (insbesondere an Energie und sonstigen Kosten) aufbereiten zu müssen, einer Verwendung zuzuführen.The invention is based on the task of some methods for the production of phosphoric acid as a by-product of finely divided 58-hemihydrate gypsum without the need to remove it and / or render it harmless Containing impurities with special effort (especially in terms of energy and other costs) to have to process, put to use.
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch die Verwendung des C(-Hemihydratgipses als Mörtel für die untertägige Streckensicherung gelöst.According to the invention, this object is achieved through the use of C (hemihydrate gypsum as a mortar for underground route protection.
Bei einer solchen Verwendung sind der schwankende, meist frühe Versteifungsbeginn und das Ausblühen auf grund- des hohen Gehalts an leichtlöslichen Salzen, ds. Eigenschaften, die für einen handelsüblichen Bau gips undenkbar wären, unschädlich.In such a use, the fluctuating, usually early onset of stiffening is and blooming due to the high content of easily soluble salts, ds. Properties, which would be unthinkable for a standard plaster of paris, harmless.
Auch die erzielbare Druckfestigkeit reicht für etliche Anwendungsfälle aus, wobei zu-berücksichtigen ist, daß unter Strekkensicllerung nicht riur die Erstellung von Stre ckenbe glö i tdäffl men, sondern auch die Konsolidierung, d.h. die vorläufige Sicherung frisch aufgefahrener Strecken durch Aufspritzen des Mörtels auf die Streckenfirste und/oder -stöße sowie auch die satte Hinterfüllung und Ausfüllung des Hohlraums zwischen Ausbauelementen und dem fest anstehenden-Gebirge bzw. einer Konsolidierungsschicht verstanden wird.The compressive strength that can be achieved is also sufficient for a number of applications the end, It must be taken into account that the route definition is not just for the creation von Streckbeffl men, but also the consolidation, i.e. the provisional Securing freshly driven routes by spraying the mortar onto the roof of the route and / or joints as well as the full backfilling and filling of the cavity between expansion elements and the fixed mountain range or a consolidation layer is understood.
Um den #-Hemihydratgips jedoch auch dann zur untertägigen Streckensicherung einsetzen zu können, wenn ein schnellerer Festigkeitsanstieg bzw. höhere Festigkeiten verlangt werden, ist in weiterer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der Mörtel dahin entwickelt worden, daß dem oC-Hemihydratgips als Abbindebeschleuniger ein alkalisch reagierender Stoff zugegeben ist, der vorzugsweise ein-Kalkhydrat oder ein Zement, insbesondere Portland- oder Eisen-Portlandzement, ist, wobei die Zugabe dieses Stoffs 0.5 - 5.0 Gew.-% ausmacht. Die Druckfestigkeit nach 24 h wird durch die Zugabe von 3 % PZ 35 F auf 30 MN/m2, durch die von 3 % Kalkhydrat sogar auf 43 MN/m2 gegenüber einer Druckfestigkeit von < ca.25MN/m2 ohne jeden Zusatz gesteigert.Around the # -hemihydrate gypsum, however, also for underground route protection to be able to use when a faster increase in strength or higher strengths are required, the mortar is developed in a further embodiment of the invention that the oC hemihydrate gypsum as a setting accelerator has an alkaline reaction Substance is added, which is preferably a hydrated lime or a cement, in particular Portland or iron Portland cement, with the addition of this substance 0.5 - 5.0 % By weight. The compressive strength after 24 hours is increased by adding 3% PZ 35 F to 30 MN / m2, due to the 3% hydrated lime even to 43 MN / m2 compared to a Compressive strength of <25MN / m2 increased without any additive.
Allerdings werden durch diese Zugabe an alkalisch reagierendem Stoff die Versteifungszeiten, und zwar insbesondere das Versteifungsende, stark verzögert; so ändern sich bsp. die Zeiten für Versteifungsbeginn/-ende von 8' / 27' bei Zugabe von 3 % PZ 35 F auf 18' / 68 und bei Zugabe von 3 O/o Kalkhydrat gar auf 35' / 120'. Insoweit ist nun gemäß einem weiteren wesentlichen Merkmal der Erfindung gefunden worden, daß dann, wenn der alkalisch reagierende Stoff mit einem Alkalisulfat kombiniert ist, als welches bevorzugt ein Kalium- oder Natriumsulfat in einer Menge bis 1.0 Gew.-% in Betracht kommt, diese Verzögerung der Versteiungszeiten stark reduziert wird. Die entsprechenden Werte liegen bei Verwendung einer Kombination aus 3 % PZ 35 F/ 1 % Alkalisulfat bei 10' 7 25' und bei Verwendung einer Kombination aus 3 % Kalkhydrat/ 1 % Alkalisulfat bei 15' / 45', so daß ein derart eingestellter Mörtel gut verarbeitet werden kann und einen steileren Festigkeitsanstieg erhält.However, this addition of alkaline reacting substance the stiffening times, in particular the stiffening end, greatly delayed; so change ex. the times for the start / end of stiffening of 8 '/ 27' with addition from 3% PZ 35 F to 18 '/ 68 and with the addition of 3 O / o hydrated lime even up 35 ' / 120 '. In this regard, according to a further essential feature of the invention it has been found that when the alkaline substance reacts with an alkali metal sulfate is combined, as which preferably a potassium or sodium sulfate in an amount up to 1.0% by weight comes into consideration, this delay in the setting times is strong is reduced. The corresponding values are when using a combination from 3% PZ 35 F / 1% alkali sulphate at 10 '7 25' and when using a combination from 3% hydrated lime / 1% alkali sulfate at 15 '/ 45', so that such a set Mortar can be processed well and receives a steeper increase in strength.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813151882 DE3151882C2 (en) | 1981-12-30 | 1981-12-30 | Mining mortar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813151882 DE3151882C2 (en) | 1981-12-30 | 1981-12-30 | Mining mortar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE3151882A1 true DE3151882A1 (en) | 1983-07-14 |
| DE3151882C2 DE3151882C2 (en) | 1984-08-30 |
Family
ID=6149995
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19813151882 Expired DE3151882C2 (en) | 1981-12-30 | 1981-12-30 | Mining mortar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE3151882C2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2841239A1 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-26 | Aime Lozano | NEW BUILDING MATERIAL |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT303599B (en) * | 1969-02-20 | 1972-10-15 | Zementkombinat Dessau Inst Fue | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A BUILDING MATERIAL FROM CASO4 BINDERS |
-
1981
- 1981-12-30 DE DE19813151882 patent/DE3151882C2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AT303599B (en) * | 1969-02-20 | 1972-10-15 | Zementkombinat Dessau Inst Fue | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING A BUILDING MATERIAL FROM CASO4 BINDERS |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Kurznachrichten des Steinkohlenberg- bauvereins Febr. 1979, Nr.103, S.4 Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der technischen Chemie 1969, Bd.19, S.25 * |
| Kurznachrichten des Steinkohlenbergbauvereins Febr. 1979, Nr.103, S.4 |
| Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der technischen Chemie 1969, Bd.19, S.25 |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2841239A1 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-26 | Aime Lozano | NEW BUILDING MATERIAL |
| WO2004000753A1 (en) * | 2002-06-20 | 2003-12-31 | Lozano Aime | Novel building material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3151882C2 (en) | 1984-08-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| D2 | Grant after examination | ||
| 8363 | Opposition against the patent | ||
| 8365 | Fully valid after opposition proceedings | ||
| 8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |