DE3144609A1 - Valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve having a plurality of valve seats which are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction and in each case interact with a moving closing part. Throttle valves are known having parabolic-conical closing parts on a common spindle. Until now, it has not been possible to throttle relatively small flow rates over a relatively large pressure range in a satisfactory manner. In contrast, this can be achieved by means of the invention if a plurality of seating discs of at least approximately the same cross-sectional shape and height are placed one on top of the other in the valve housing and contain closing parts, which are placed one on top of the other in their through-openings and each have a height corresponding to the height of a seating disc, and if the closing parts and seating discs can be displaced relative to one another.

Description

Valve

The invention relates to a valve with a valve housing and with several one behind the other in the direction of flow arranged valve seats, which each form a central passage opening and which each one engaging in the through opening, relative is assigned to the respective valve seat movable closing part.

It is known to design the closing parts of such a valve as a parabolic cone and on a common one To arrange spindle. Each parabolic cone acts with one arranged in a corresponding position Valve seat together.

A multi-stage valve constructed in this way is used, for example, as a throttle valve. The number of stages is However, limited by the design, because not any number of parts can be placed one behind the other on the spindle arrange. The known valve also requires a relatively large amount of construction space. It is also very difficult to keep the dimensional tolerances between the parabolic cone and the seat low. It is no arbitrarily fine adjustment of the valve possible in such a way that the area released for flow is relatively small. This is due, among other things, to the fact that the parabolic cone has a diameter of

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must have a certain minimum size. The smallest possible The passage cross-section can therefore not be reduced by changing the diameter of the parabolic cone reduced even further.

It was the object of the present invention to provide a one that can also be produced with a larger number of stages To create a valve in which even small passage cross-sections can be set reliably and precisely permit.

The invention proposes to solve this problem that several seat disks of at least approximately the same cross-sectional shape and height are attached to one another are and in their through openings adjacent closing parts, each one of the height of one Seat disc contain corresponding height and that closing parts and seat discs are displaceable relative to one another are.

Closing parts and seat disks are therefore each located as structural parts that are not firmly connected to one another have to be, to each other. You can either move the seat disks lying against one another in the axial direction move and the locking parts in the axial direction hold tight. In general, however, it will be more expedient to hold and guide the locking parts in a displaceable manner, so that the seat disks opposite the valve housing in predetermined fixed position are arranged.

Such a valve is particularly suitable as a throttle valve, for example. The number of throttle levels can be increase almost arbitrarily if necessary. the Closing parts can be simple, compact bodies of suitable shape. The passage cross-section in the area of the

The valve seat and, accordingly, the closing parts can also be designed with relatively small diameters, so that extremely small passage cross-sections can be set reliably and precisely. By choice the corresponding passage cross-section and the number of steps can be adapted to without difficulty the pressure range to be throttled is possible.

It is also of particular advantage that the manufacture of the valve designed according to the invention is very requires little effort. The seat discs and closing parts are always the same. The valve can be turned into a simpler Way to assemble according to the modular principle. The seat discs and closing parts can be removed without Create difficulties with the smallest tolerances.

The valve is for both liquid and gaseous Media suitable and can always be used when relatively small throughput quantities are to be reduced over a relatively large pressure range in the pressure. But it is also conceivable that the valve as a closing valve, as a metering valve or for other applications.

The closing parts can advantageously be designed spherical, frustoconical or barrel-shaped. These Shapes correspond to those of the elements known for the manufacture of roller bearings. Accordingly can the production of the closing parts of a valve designed according to the invention take place in a similar manner like the production of such rolling bearing elements.

Some advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below, one of which is therein consists that the respectively displaceable closing parts or seat discs by the pressure of the valve penetrating

Flow in a limited by an adjustable stop and corresponding to the open position of the valve End position are movable.

When pressure is applied, the locking parts are brought from its starting position in the narrowest passage cross-section into that end position which is predetermined by the stop and in which the passage cross-section has the desired size. the However, the starting position does not necessarily have to correspond to a closed position of the valve, which will be discussed later will be explained.

The stop used to limit the opening stroke can be connected to or formed by a threaded spindle guided on the valve housing. The threaded spindle enables a particularly fine adjustment of the stop height and thus also of the passage cross-section. However, it is also conceivable, in particular when the valve is used as a metering valve, that the stop passes through a tappet is formed »A drive element, for example a cam disk, can act on this, for example, via which the valve can be controlled in any way. The threaded spindle or the ram can be provided according to the invention with an external approach, which in the maximum open position of the valve on a fixed housing part comes to rest. This approach can be used as a limitation of the maximum stroke as well serve to secure the threaded spindle or the plunger against unintentional removal.

It is also conceivable according to the invention that the seat disks are inserted into a sleeve and that the sleeve is arranged interchangeably in the wall of a pressure vessel. The sleeve is only used for structural cohesion

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of the individual parts of the valve, while the wall of the pressure vessel is either the wall of the valve housing itself or the wall of a larger pressure vessel can be.

For the use of the valve as a throttle valve, it is advantageous according to the invention if the through opening limiting and the valve seat forming inner wall of a seat disc with extending around the circumference Is provided with grooves. When throttling a flow, these grooves cause a particularly frequent one and rapid changes in pressure and speed of the medium flowing through. Through this the throttling effect is improved to a considerable extent. The production of the grooves is particularly easy, if these are formed by a thread cut into the inner wall, the tips of which are ground off.

The inner wall which forms the valve seat and delimits the passage opening of a seat disc can be with a relatively small conicity form. This is beneficial for the fine adjustment, because the change in the striker per millimeter of the striker The passage cross-section is correspondingly small. The inner wall of a seat disk that forms the valve seat can be advantageous with respect to the central axis of its through opening be inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 °. When using frustoconical closing parts however, a somewhat larger angle of inclination can often be expedient, especially when the valve should also work as a closing valve.

Another embodiment of the invention is that the through openings are approximately halfway up the

»A *

Seat disc have their smallest cross-section and that the closing part on both sides of this cross-section is displaceable towards.

In most of the possible embodiments, the smallest cross section will be approximately halfway up the seat disc. This is especially true if the closing part is one of the ones mentioned here has particularly suitable shapes «If at the same time the locking part is designed so that it connects to both Sides of the smallest cross-section can be moved? the valve can either be in one or the other flow in the other direction. In the design of the valve seats proposed here, a frustoconical closing part do not come into consideration for this.

If the valve is optionally from one or the other If the side is to be flowed through, the moving elements of the valve are not only in the one axial direction Direction, but support in both axial directions in the respective end position by a stop have to. Alternatively, it is also conceivable that the Closing parts can be moved by attacks acting on both sides without axial play. This embodiment can be chosen regardless of whether the valve should only flow through in one or alternately in both directions.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to a drawing. in the single show;

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the valve frustoconical closing parts;

FIG. 2 shows a part of a valve in longitudinal section with barrel-shaped closing parts;

FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a valve with spherical closing parts, which are held and guided on both sides;

FIG. 4 on an enlarged scale

Longitudinal section through a seat disc with a spherical closing part for unilateral pressurization;

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section through a. Seat disc with spherical Closing part for double-sided pressure loading.

A common feature of all embodiments is that the valve is inserted into a wall 10, which is a component a valve housing or another pressure vessel. As an insert part is a sleeve 11, which with a transverse bore 12 is provided. This opens into an outlet line 13.

In the embodiment according to Figure 1, the sleeve 11 is penetrated on one side by a threaded spindle 14, its upper end with four arranged at an angular distance of 90 ° over the circumference Recesses 15 is provided. Latching pins 16 of a rotatable screw head 17 can engage in this, so that the threaded spindle 14 can be rotated in this way and its thread together with an internal thread 18 in the sleeve 11 ensures the appropriate advance. To seal the sleeve 11 against the The threaded spindle 14 and ring seals 19 and 20 opposite the wall 10 are used.

From the opposite end of the sleeve 11 a plurality of seat disks 21 are inserted into this, the each sealed against the inner wall of the sleeve 11 by means of a further ring seal 22 are »Towards the entrance side, an insert part 23 connects to the lowest seat disk 21, the one Filter 24 contains and by means of an external thread with an internal thread provided at this point the sleeve 11 can be screwed »The insert 23 is provided with holes 25 through which the medium supplied to the valve via a singing line 26 can pass.

The seat disks 21 each have an inner passage opening 27. The inner wall of the seat disc 21 delimiting this tapers from the outer one The end faces of the seat disk 21 are conical towards the center, so that the narrowest cross section is approximately half the height of the seat disk 21 is located. Each seat disk 21 surrounds a closing part 28, which is frustoconical and has the same height as the seat disc The outlet-side part of the inner wall of a seat disc 21 is adapted in its inclination with respect to the central axis to the conical shape of the closing part 28. In contrast, the input-side part of the inner wall has a significantly greater inclination towards it the central axis, so that the inlet-side cross section of a passage opening 27 has a larger outer diameter has than the cross section on the output side. This creates each seat disc on the inlet side 21 an annular space, the cross section of which is larger than the cross section of the passage opening 27 on the Output-side end face of the adjacent seat disc 21. This annular space favors in particular one Throttling of the flow passing through the valve.

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In the position shown in Figure 1, the lower end of the threaded spindle 14 is on her adjacent closing part 28. The valve is closed. By actuating the threaded spindle 14 can be the respectively desired stroke of the closing parts 28, through which the size of the passage cross-section is determined, can be specified. As a result of the application of pressure, the closing parts 28 rise, so that the respective medium can flow through the seat disks 21 and reach the outlet line 13. For example, if the valve is subjected to high pressure steam, the pressure will increase when it is enforced of the valve gradually down to the desired value.

"In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, seat disks are found 29 application, the passage opening 30 of which remains constant from the entrance side up to about half the height Has cross-section and from there is slightly conical in the direction of the exit side Expanded angle from about 2 ° to 2.5 °. The seat disks 29 surround barrel-shaped closing parts 31, the same The same height as the seat disks are 29. All other design features correspond to the design Figure 2 match.

In the embodiment of Figure 3 are in diellülse 11 the seat disks 29 already described in connection with the embodiment according to FIG. 2 are used, their passage opening 30 from the input side is the same up to about half the height and then widens slightly conically towards the exit side. This is otherwise shown in Figure 4 on an enlarged scale. Spherical locking parts 3 2 are now used, the diameter of which corresponds to the height of a seat disk 29.

The sleeve 11 has a second transverse bore 33 into which an input line 34 opens. On both sides the locking parts 32 now engages a plunger 35 instead of a threaded spindle, which is in the Sleeve 11 is slidably held and guided. the The plungers 35 protrude from the end faces of the sleeve 11, so that there is a respective cam disk 36 can attack. These can be controlled synchronously in any way, which is not the case here in detail is shown., The diameter of the locking parts 32 is to the diameter of the smallest cross section of the passage openings 30 with the lowest possible tolerance coordinated so that the closing parts 32 also fit through the narrowest cross section of the passage openings 30.

The plungers 35 each have an outer annular shoulder 37, which is located inside the sleeve 11 by a stop Ring shoulder 38 limits the maximum stroke of the locking parts 32 and at the same time further displacement the plunger 35 prevents the outside. In addition, the threaded spindle is also used for the same purpose 14 of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 with a ring attachment 37 provided.

The embodiment of Figure 3 can optionally also modify it so that the medium is passed through the valve in the opposite direction »In this In this case, the closing parts 32 are shifted into the open position of the valve against the flow pressure.

Alternatively, however, it is also conceivable to close seat disks 39 use, which is from the narrowest cross section of their passage opening 40 in about half the height of the seat disc 39 expand slightly conically in both directions.

Such seat disks 39 are shown in FIG. This embodiment has the advantage that the locking parts 32 from their position shown out depending on If required, can be shifted in one direction or the other and the passage cross-section desired in each case release. The closing parts 32 then need to move into the open position of the valve not to be moved against the action of the flow pressure.

The seat disk 39 shown in FIG. 5 is provided with grooves 41 on the inner wall of its passage opening 40 Mistake. To produce the grooves 41, a corresponding internal thread was first cut, which then corresponding to the conical extending from the center, it was ground down towards the outside.

As an alternative, barrel-shaped closing parts 31 can also be used together with the seat disks 39.

List of reference numerals

0O wall

11 sleeve

12 cross hole

13 outlet pipe

14 threaded spindle

15 recess

16 locking pin

17 screw head

18 internal thread

19 ring seal

20 ring seal

21 seat disc

22 ring seal

23 Insert part

24 filters

25 bore

26 input line

27 passage opening

28 locking part

29 seat disc

30 passage opening

31 locking part

32 locking part

33 cross hole

34 input line

35 tappets

36 cam disc

37 ring attachment

38 ring shoulder

39 seat disc

40 passage opening

41 groove

Claims (13)

My sign. 6044 A 60
File number; Note: C. Η »Zikesch GmbH Theodor-Heuss-Str. 75, 4100 Duisburg 11 Expectations Valve with a valve housing and with several valve seats arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow, each of which forms a central passage opening and each of which forms one in the passage opening assigned engaging closing part which is movable relative to the respective valve seat is, characterized in that several seat disks (21,29,39) of at least approximately the same Cross-sectional shape and height are set against one another and in their through openings (27, 30, 40) rest against one another Closing parts (28,31,32) each of which corresponds to the height of a seat disc (21,29,39) Height included and that the closing parts (28,31,32) and seat discs (21,29,39) are relative are displaceable to each other. 2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the respective displaceable closing parts (28,31,32) or seat disks due to the pressure of the flow passing through the valve into one adjustable through a valve Stop (14.35) limited and the open 31U609 Position of the valve corresponding end position can be moved. 3. Valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the stop is connected to a threaded spindle (14) or is formed by these. 4. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the stop is formed by a plunger (35) is. 5. Valve according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that that the threaded spindle (14) or the plunger (35) are provided with an outer projection (37), which in the maximum 'open position of the valve comes to rest on a stationary housing part (38). 6. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the seat discs (21,29,39) in a sleeve (11) are inserted and that the sleeve (11) is arranged exchangeably in the wall (10) of a pressure vessel or of the valve housing. 7. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the through opening (40) limiting and the valve seat forming inner wall of a seat disk (39) with extending around the circumference Grooves (41) is provided. 8. Valve according to claim 7, characterized in that the grooves (41) through a cut into the inner wall Threads are formed, the tips of which are ground off. 9 = valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing parts (28, 31, 32) are spherical, are frustoconical or barrel-shaped. 10. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the forming the valve seat Inner wall of a seat disc (21,29,39) opposite the central axis of its through opening (27,30,40) is inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 °. ο valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the passage openings (40) are approximately halfway up the seat disc (39) have the smallest cross-section and that the closing part (31,32) on both sides of this cross-section is displaceable towards. 12. Valve according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the closing parts (32) through to stops (35) acting on both sides without axial play can be moved. 13. Valve according to claim 11, characterized in that the inlet-side cross section of the passage opening (27) of a seat disc (21) is larger than the cross section on the outlet side.