DE3017746A1 - Corn seed bed preparation implement - has grille close to front portion of crumbler roller bar path - Google Patents

Abstract

The implement prepares a seedbed, being particularly for mixing corn straw in the ground and having a horizontal transverse tined tool shaft followed by a grille, after which is a cylindrical crumbling or compaction roller comprising lengthwise bars fixed at the ends to spokes or discs on the roller shaft. The grille (34) is close and roughly parallel to the front downwards portion of the path followed by the bars on the crumbling roller (23). It can be inside this path, being supported on a fixed spindle on which the hollow roller hubs rotate, and can be formed by bars fixed to the spindle and at an adjustable distance from each other.

Description

ERNST WEIC H h ^r ± '"' *""-" 7526 'iielningen, May 7, 1930

- Bahnhofstrasse3ig 17746

Tool for preparing the seedbed, in particular for mixing in cereal and grain maize straw, etc. in the arable soil

The invention relates to an implement for Saatbettherrichtung, in particular for mixing of cereals or grain maize straw, inter alia, in the soil, with at least one approximately transversely extending to the driving direction and in a horizontal plane, with tines or knives occupied tool wave, one arranged behind the same grate and in a distance behind this arranged, approximately cylindrically shaped crumbling or packer roller, the imaginary outer surface of which is formed by longitudinal bars, pipes or strips arranged at a considerable distance from one another, the outer ends of which coincide with the axis of rotation of the crumbling roller; connected spokes or discs are attached.

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These known tools, e.g. tillers, rotary harrows, Tine rotors etc. have the disadvantage that they present crop residues on the ground, in particular cereal straw. Corn straw and other grains can only be mixed more or less incompletely into the loosened soil. For this reason, large amounts of such crop residues have hitherto either been burned immediately after the harvest or plowed under.

When burned, valuable raw materials or humus materials are v / earthed destroyed, the environment is polluted, and there is a risk of accidents for animals and people. That's why this is Burning cereal straw in the fields is now banned or restricted by regulations in many countries been »

The deep plowing has the disadvantage that the arable soil is mostly turned too much, so that dead soil upwards comes and valuable humus and organic crop residues are buried too deep. That damages the natural Fertility of the soil. The shallow plowing in of cereal or grain maize straw has the disadvantage that the straw is not or only insufficiently mixed with the ground, i.e. plowed under in the form of a so-called "mattress" will. This not only worsens the water

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care of the crops that are then grown in the field, but leads to anaerobic putrefaction, so that half-decayed straw in the next or the second Year is brought back to the surface. At this anaerobic putrefaction results in root toxins and nitrogen deposits, which in many cases lead to earnings depressions.

The well-known tillers, rotary harrows, tine rotors, etc. Mix in particular pre-shredded cereal or grain corn straw at least partially into the top soil layer a * They leave some of this crop residue either on the surface or comb one other part out of the earth again. Straws that one end stuck in the loosened earth, but the other end protrudes from the ground pointing upwards, act as small "chimneys" with air movements, which accelerate the premature drying of the soil, v / as is particularly harmful in arid areas.

Another disadvantage of incomplete blending in Straw, etc. consists in pests such as the European corn borer, can overwinter in the remains of straw above ground. The work of standard seed drills is also carried out straw residues present on the surface are very difficult.

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BATH ^ ORIGINAL

Try to get rid of long-lasting residues completely accommodate that behind the rotating 'Jerkzeugwelle and in front of the known crumb or packer roller a sieve grate is introduced, which consists of a horizontal cross member attached behind and above the tool shaft and attached, downwardly protruding rods, through the interstices of which the crushed earth consists Should be thrown backwards, while the stalk-like parts along the inclined steel prongs Should slide down, did not succeed because the cereal straw (especially if it is relatively moist is) backs up in front of the bars and leads to blockages.

The object achieved by the invention is to to eliminate the disadvantages of the known arrangements. In particular a crumbling roller with a sieve organ is to be created, which allows for a complete uni evenly interfering also large quantities of cereal or granulated straw and other Srnterückstr.nd- in the loosened soil to adjustable depth allows without clogging odor Strohniatrozen arise in the soil or work obstructed by seed drills.

The invention solves this problem in that the sieve grate at a small distance and at least approximately parallel to the part facing forward and down

130046/0404 ORIGINAL

the orbit of the longitudinal rods is arranged dor crumbling roller. Dadureil gets the from the prongs or knives Shredded Feiherde and smaller crumbs through the gaps between the longitudinal bars into the interior of the Crumbler roller. Larger clods of earth and all stalks as well as matted dirt residues, on the other hand, are retained on the sieve grate. so that they are stripped from the longitudinal bars of the rotating crumbling roller and mixed into the ground or can be covered with the fine earth.

The sieve element is preferably designed as a sieve grate and is arranged within the orbit of the longitudinal bars. The axis of rotation of the roller tiller is designed in a particularly expedient Ausführüngsförm as a hollow hub which is arranged on an inside of the roller tiller, the fixed shaft is rotatably supported, the ⁵ serves as a carrier for the Sieborgan. ■

The sieve grate consists advantageously in one Spaced apart, with one end at the Axis attached downward. Bars,

According to another characteristic of the invention, there are bars of the Sieborgans at the one near the orbit of the longitudinal bars of the Crumbling roller arranged middle part of the at least four times cranked axle attached.

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j.

According to a further feature of the invention are the rods Movable to a limited extent and attached to the axle under spring force.

According to a further mark, the sieve organ is designed as a sieve drum rotating inside the crumbling roller.

The longitudinal bars of the crumbling roller are expediently detachable and / erder attached to the spokes or discs at different distances from one another.

At least one or more of the longitudinal bars are expedient provided with additional prongs that grip between the gaps between the bars of the Sieborgan.

At least some of the longitudinal bars are useful also occupied on their outside with additional arms or curve segments that are radially to the axis of rotation Crumbling roller extend outwards and their outer edges rising against the direction of movement of the crumbling roller get lost.

Here it can be useful that the bars or sheet metal segments in their upper part are also curved laterally are angled.

According to another feature of the invention, the crumbling roller is in a manner known per se with a driving speed

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• BAD OR2GINAL '

Exceeding Urafanggeach speed can be driven in order to increase the crushing and mixing effect further Ζμ.

The proposed by the invention arrangement of the Sieborgans close to or within the orbit of the longitudinal bars the crumbling or packer roller achieves a complete Incorporation of large amounts of long-stemmed crop residues into the loosened soil, because the fine earth crushed by the rotating tines of the tool shaft

the, and smaller crumbs for the most part through spaces the bars of the sieve grate (which can be adjusted depending on the type of soil are) get into the interior of the crumb roller or packer roller. They are also shredded by this and mixed so that they 'then go through the great Gaps between the longitudinal bars poured onto the surface of the ground and be filed.

The stalk-like overhangs are left by the individual Bars of the rake held back and running from the Longitudinal rods of the crumbling roller are stripped down and in the loosened earth mixed in. This means that even with damp straw, stowage at the front or bottom Side of the bars of the Siebtföstes safely avoided. To the Short tines attached to the longitudinal bars of the crumbling roller also clean the gaps between the bars of any stuck Stalk, earth, stones, etc. -

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The trouble-free mixing of large quantities of grain or knuckle straw will therefore also be possible in the future specialized cereal or grain maize companies largely forego plowing »The perfect Interference of stubble is allowed in all others too Companies that harvest straw or silage maize, too the renouncement of plowing too deep and with it the simultaneous loosening of the soil, preparation of the seedbed and cultivation without mixing the soil layers and without the water loss, which was previously regarded as unavoidable in field cultivation in several work steps: Lanes, etc.ί By the invention, the ground with aii known wing-shaped loosening shares, drive under and through the raised soil layer the tool shaft with rotating tines with low Power requirement can be crushed so that all crop residues are completely mixed into the loosened soil can.

The field can therefore also be tilled in the same way will. This saves working time and fuel, the soil moisture is fully preserved and, optimally The seeds have emerged, so that the best conditions for the highest yields are created »

The invention also enables an acceleration

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placing the order, so that the timely
Sown winter wheat immediately after the (often very late) harvest of grain maize succeeds.

So far, this has often been impossible even in areas with favorable climatic conditions, among other things. the operations "plowing, cultivating, milling or Kggen, drilling" mostly had to be carried out one after the other. As experience has shown that this work is often interrupted by bad weather days, the order could often either not be completed properly or
can no longer be carried out at all.

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BATH ORIGINAL

The invention is explained with the aid of some exemplary embodiments in such a way that features that appear in a figure are drawn or described, can be transferred accordingly to the exemplary embodiments of other figures should.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic side view,

Figure 2 is a schematic partial plan view of a device combination for loosening the soil and Seedbed preparation,

FIG. 3 shows a schematic, partially sectioned side view of a modified exemplary embodiment of the device for making a seedbed in FIG Working position,

FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment the device for seedbed preparation,

Figure 5 is a partially sectioned side view of the crumbling roller according to the invention,

FIG. 6 shows a corresponding view of another exemplary embodiment,

ne Figure 7 is a partially sectioned partial view from behind

to Figure 5.

130 046/0404

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, there is a device combination 1 from a device for loosening the soil 2, which has a support tube 3 with mounting brackets 4a, 4b on which the lower links 9 and 10 attack a tractor not shown in detail. There are 5 tool handles in tool holders on the support tube 3 6 releasably attached, at the lower end of a known per se, not shown in the drawing Fastening plate is welded, on the wing-shaped loosening shares 8 are releasably attached. These wing shares create the top soil layer undercut and raised over the entire surface, so that they are of the prongs 20 of a tool shaft 19 of a device for Seed bed preparation 14 roughly comminuted in the air will.

The device 14 is through lower links 12, which are attached to a pivot pin 11 are articulated on the trestle 4b, and an upper link 13 adjustable in height with the device for loosening the soil 2 connected. The device for preparing the seedbed has a support frame 16 on its front side central trestle 15 is attached and bearing brackets 17 are attached to the outer ends, which downward protrude and the bearings 18 of the tool shaft 19 with prongs take up. At the rear end of the support frame 16

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support arms 22 are mounted between their free ends a crumbling roller 23 is rotatably mounted in a manner known per se, on the imaginary lateral surface 23a of which in FIG longitudinal rods 27 arranged at a distance from one another are.

On an axis rigidly connected to the support arms 22, a hollow hub is used as the axis of rotation 23b of the crumbling roller 23 stored, are attached to the spokes 38 or discs 26, on which the free ends of the longitudinal rods 27 in are known way releasably or rigidly attached. The axis 24 is either bent at least four times, see above that its middle part 24a as a carrier in the interior of the crumbling roller 23 and at a small distance from the inner sides of the front part of the orbits of the longitudinal bars 27 is arranged.

The carrier 24a forms a long central part of the axis 24r of a straight angle or hollow profile or a There is a shaft, the lateral ends of which are rigidly fastened via pins 29 in bearing bushes 32 of a lateral cantilever arm 30 which is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the axis 24. On the carrier 24a bars 36 of the are in a known manner

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Sieve grate 34 detachably attached, which are preferably made of spring steel and are spaced apart from one another 35 have, which can optionally be adjustable.

The loosened from the prongs 20 of the tool shaft 19 and a mixture of torture earth, crumbs and clods thrown backwards through the horizontal spaces thrown between the longitudinal bars 27 through against the sieve grate 34, so that the, Peinerde and small crumbs or clods between the rods 36 get into the interior of the crumbling roller 23, while the stalk-like crop residues and matted material are removed from the sieve grate 34 be taken back. It is running from the longitudinal bars 27 pushed down along the rods 36 and from the adjustable depth in the loose Earth running longitudinal rods 27 mixed in and through the Peinerde emerging from the interior of the crumbling roller 23 additionally covered. j

Since the sieve grate 34 cannot become clogged with crop residues, its full sieving effect is always retained, so that a favorable soil stratification is created:

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The top soil layer consists mainly of fine soil and small crumbs or clods of earth. The ones below The lying layer consists of fine soil, smaller crumbs and larger clods of earth with straw and crop residues are mixed. When using a "two-layer cultivator" known per se, this arises two upper layers of soil another, not finely chopped up by the seedbed preparation device, but only by means of additional cultivator tines (not shown) attached to the wing shares, which are coarsely chopped up into coarse clods. This layering of the processed soil corresponds to an ideal that has not yet been achieved by any device but offers the best germination conditions for plant and root growth.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the sieve grate 34 can also be arranged at a distance from one another Rings existing sieve drum 31 are formed. This has the advantage that the sieving performance of the Sieve grate can be increased mainly by mechanical drive of the sieve drum.

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As can also be seen from Fig. 3-4, at least some longitudinal rods 27 are provided with radially standing prongs 39, which with each revolution of the crumbling roller Comb at least once through each gap between two adjacent rods 36 to keep it from sticking To clean seeds, stones or stalks. This arrangement has the advantage that the crumbling roller cleans itself, as it cannot fill with damp earth.

Another * embodiment not shown in the drawing the invention is characterized in that additional. Grab on the spokes or the side discs of the crumbler roller, so that they can also be used in loose or heavy soil or to ensure a safe ground drive of the crumbling roller 23 at greater working depths.

To avoid the mixed in straw on one and forming a straw mattress mixed into the ground at the same level, as can be seen from FIG

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is, in each case one or two adjacent longitudinal rods 27 with fastened next to one another at corresponding intervals Arms 40 or curve segments 41 are provided, the outer edges of which point in a Angle to the orbit 33 of the crumbling roller radially, but at different heights against the direction of rotation extend outward.

They mix the straw embedded in the loose soil to different depths, but are shaped so that they When it emerges from the ground, do not strip it upwards on the back of the crumbling roller 23. In this way it can be achieved that the straw is deposited at different depths in the loose earth will.

It is also possible to bend the upper parts of these segments 41a to the side, as shown in FIG. 7, so that each segment exerts an additional shoveling effect because it passes through the loose earth takes part of the earth upwards on its inside, which with further rotation of the crumbling roller of is sprinkled on top of the ground.

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Another exemplary embodiment, not shown in the drawing, provides for the crumbling roller to be mechanical or to be driven hydraulically so that their peripheral speed is greater than the driving speed of the Entire device is.

This means that even under unfavorable operating conditions, depending on the circumferential speed, an even more intensive and more evenly crushing the soil and mixing the straw into the crushed soil can be achieved.

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LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS - 'y y _ Device combination 3017746 1 Device for loosening the soil 2 Support tube 3 Trestle 4a Trestle 4b Tool holder 5 Tool handle 6th Mounting plate 7th Flight-shaped loosening share 8th Lower link 9 Top link 10 Pivot pin 11 Lower link 12th Top link 13th Device for seedbed preparation 14th Trestle 15th Support frame 16 Storage consoles 17th camp 18th Tool shaft 19th Prongs 20th 21st Beam 22nd Crumbler roller 23 Outer surface 23a Axis of rotation 23b

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axis 24a carrier 25th Hollow hub 26th disc 27 Longitudinal bars 28 Spokes 29 Cones 30th Cantilever 31 Sieve drum 32 Bearing bush 33 Orbit 33a front part 34 ■ Sieve grate $ 35. distances 36 Bars 37 distance 38 Spokes 39 Tines (radial) 40 poor 40 a outer edges 40b upper part 41 Curve segments 41 a outer edges 41b upper part 42 axis

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Claims (12)

EHNST W 33 I C H ii Ii "" · .; ■ "'£ ^^ 32S * Heitöiijgen, May 7, 1980 "■ ■ ■ ■ :, P a. T e'ft -t. A η β ρ 'M, j working device' zvtx Jiaattj.efthejiirichtuns, especially ■ for EinniisGljen ypri Getröiae- or ■ ■■ "-'- ' , U " ⁵ Rr 'in den.Äckefit> öd $ ri, with; at least ^^ eiitiip gi & li ^: about transversely ■ to: Feih ^ fepiiibttiAS and in, horizontal i | Sben.e extending, with prongs or M ^ iSseiE ¹ ^; Werfczeugwelle, a sieve mst arranged on the left and a spaced behind the same; the em! Arranged, approximately cylindrical. ^ Foraten Krümelt ^; odef EäoKertalaeV'feien 'stretched outer surface by in e ^ fmißX ^ e ^ i ^ hMx ß ^^^ ävaneliir other arranged longitudinal bars> -rblire o "äer% lei-s-teji. is formed, whose outer ¹ aden an riiii; d @ r | i) the spokes or soft slices connected to the crumbs are attached, so that the sieve grate is well spaced (37) and at least approximately parallel BATH ORIGINAL
ORIGINAL INSPECTH> 30177A6 to the forward and downward part (33a) of the orbit (33) of the longitudinal bars (27) of the crumbling roller (23) is arranged. 2. Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that »that the sieve grate (34) is arranged within the orbit (33) of the longitudinal bars (27). 3. Tool according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis of rotation (23b) of the crumbling roller (23) is designed as a hollow hub {23) which is rotatably mounted on a stationary axis (24) arranged in the interior of the crumbling roller (23), which serves as a carrier (24a) of the sieve grate (34). 4. Operating device according to claim 3j characterized in de'i the grate is formed (34) by mutually arranged in preferably adjustable intervals (35), attached with a hands on the axis (24) rods (36). 5. Tool according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bars (36) of the sieve grate (34) on the near the orbit of the longitudinal bars of the crumbling roller arranged middle part (24a) of the at least four cranked axis (24) can be released and adjusted are attached. 130046/0404 BATH ORIGINAL , OFHGINAL-.1WSPEC7ie: u 6. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rods (36) are movable to a limited extent and are attached to the supports (2i | -a) while standing under spring force. 7. Tool according to Claim 1, characterized in that the sieve grate (3 ^ f) is designed as a sieve drum (31) rotating inside the crumbling roller. 8. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized. «That the Uingsstabe (27) of the crumbling roller (23) are detachable and / or attached to spokes (38) or discs (26) at different distances from one another. . 9. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one or more of the longitudinal bars (27) are provided with radial prongs (39) which grip between the bars (36) of the sieve grate (3k). 10. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least some of the longitudinal rods (27) bear radially outwardly extending arms (^ Q) or curve segments (i * 1), the outer edges of which (L [O - L \ l-- ■■) run forward against the direction of movement of the Krirmel "," Alze (23) rn.di'i.1, rising outwards. 13004670404 , GjMAL INSPECTED
BATH ORIGINAL UV "W" * ^ 11. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arms (/ fO) or curve segments (ij-1) at their upper part (A-Ob, A-Ib) are bent laterally in an arc shape. 12. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crumbling roller (23) can be driven at a peripheral speed exceeding the travel speed of the tool. 130046/0404 BATH ORIGINAL '