DE3002227C2 - - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for Rückge recovery of non-ferrous metal and insulating material from waste material, especially from laminate waste and copper waste laminated base material for printed circuits, after the preamble of claim 1. It is particularly appealing application in the production of laminates for elec tro industry.

The invention is based on one described in DT-OS 23 43 345 Process for the recovery of metals and plastics materials, which is essentially the condition riding of the conductor material and the insulating plastic materials of waste electrical cables for recycling deals in cable manufacturing. To do this, this waste crushed and ground to a powdery granulate, which due to the different weight of its particles by means of various devices and liquids, ent speaking of its proportions of various metals and ther moplastic plastics sorted and finally dried becomes. The plastic material recovered in this way is sufficient pure to in an extruder press without further treatment to be able to be used again. That also points Copper or aluminum after separation of any Ge  hold large steel or iron parts with strong magnets Purity on and can also be used easily for the manufacturer new conductor used or a melt of the affected be added to the metal.

DT-OS 19 24 640 also describes a method for opening of metal wires from their insulation, in which a smaller mixture of copper and / or aluminum wire pieces and insulating materials in a wind sifting with weak air electricity is treated before it is further electrostatically processed is only the metal parts of a re last to use.

However, these procedures can be reused of laminate waste, which - apart from the copper the lamination - mainly made of resin-soaked paper hen, do not apply. The reasons for this are on the one hand in the lower or completely missing metal content, whereby the separation by wet means with subsequent drying would become unprofitable, as well as in the difficulty that after Air separation and sorting of recovered insulation material, namely primarily resin-impregnated paper, so to be processed ten that it is reused for laminate manufacture can be.

However, since in the manufacture and processing of layer press materials for the electrical industry a significant proportion unclad waste, e.g. B. grinding dust, punching waste, loading hem strips, pipe waste, remnants of cuts etc., but also at the production of copper-clad laminates, such as as the base material for printed circuits, with their dimensions right cut also trimmings and remnants fall, there is an urgent need for a procedure their economic recovery and recycling the production of laminates.

The invention has for its object a method for Recovery and recycling of laminate waste specify which in addition to the recovery of the copper the preparation of the Isolierstoff- especially synthetic resin parts for their use in the production of laminates  light in order to increase their profitability and the Avoid wasting raw materials. This task will solved by the invention specified in claim 1. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention Process result from the claims 2 to 6, of which claim 2 relates to preferred grain sizes in the preparation of the insulating material parts of the fine material or coarse goods, the claim 3 for the preparation of recovered metal parts, and claim 4 further advantageous details of the preparation of the Obtain insulating material for recycling. Claims 5 and 6 relate to the way of closing dosing of the recovered insulation waste material or its share as a species-specific filler in the for Impregnation of the laminate paper webs used impregnation kidney resin solution.

The essence of the invention lies in the knowledge that for the recovery and recycling of the at Laminate production inevitable waste one Separation of the metal parts from the insulating material parts must be done in a dry way if the latter ver should be applied, and that the recycling of Insulating particles - best finely ground - at a grain size of at most 50 µm in the form of a viscous Paste is made which is the impregnating resin solution for the layer Fabric manufacturing process metered and thus back for this is won. For this purpose, the waste material is first in be known crushed and granulated and then from the dry mixed granulate of metal and insulating material particles a substantial proportion of the latter, which is used for copper laminated waste more than half the amount of granu gated waste material may also be known Separated and collected as fine material by means of air flow.

By subsequently screening the remaining coarse grain the metal mixture is separated from this and the further treatment, while the fine and coarse good proportions of the remaining insulating material / granulate mixture brought together, finely ground into a powder, and so in  be dispersed in a liquid resin solution. In the end becomes the insulation that has been prepared for recycling fabric as finely ground, viscous paste of the impregnation resin solution for the laminate - for example hard paper - Manufacturing metered. It goes without saying that when recycling, metal-free laminate waste in the same way ver will drive, however, for sorting out the Metal parts and their recycling required Measures are omitted and also the addition of a higher Thursday sis of the paste finally added to the soaking agent is possible.

The advantage of this new method is in particular special in that in this way in addition to the metal the costly insulation material back the layer pressed material production can be supplied. Here, the Total amount of the impregnating resin solution such an amount of viscous paste are metered in that the finely ground Amount of waste 10-40%, preferably 20-30% of the weight the amount of resin contained in the impregnation resin solution substance corresponds. However, this means that during production new laminates about a quarter to a third the impregnation resin solution by recovering the Iso liermaterials from the waste, with which the Economy of manufacturing these laminates increased considerably.

These exist just like the base material for ge printed circuits made of Pa soaked in a resin solution pier webs, which after their impregnation or impregnation in several layers or layers on top of each other, and under Heat application to be pressed together, the group the resin belonging to thermosetting plastics hardens and with the layered Pa initially serving as its carrier pier so-called hard paper that eventually one or both sides with a thin copper foil ka can be used, for example as a base material for printed materials Circuits.  

Formed, laminated or non-laminated plates must then on differently specified, Endab measurements can be tailored. The same must, however for example, manufactured in tube form in a similar manner or insulating bodies assembled from plate sections appropriately cut, drilled, milled, honed or otherwise given a shape be the diversity of stripes or pieces shaped and partly also dusty waste there, the recycling of which is the aim of this invention is.

For this purpose, the amount falling in all of these processes material using a coarse shredder such as a roller crusher, Hammer mill or the like crushed and so through a cross-flow impact mill, granulator or a son suitable granulator passed, it granulated to a grain size of less than 700 µm becomes. The fine material is first made from this granulate Isolierstoffpartchen a grain size up to 300 microns, for. B. by air sighting or the like, separated and closed together with the remaining after separation of the metal Coarse material of insulating material particles to a powder of a grain about 100 µm finely ground. This can be done using a toothed disk or pin mill.

Finally, the previously finely ground and dispersed Powder with a grain size of about 100 microns at or better after its dispersion with the resin solution, e.g. B. in one Sand or pearl mill or a corundum disc mill too a grain size of at most 50 microns, where when it finally grinded into a viscous paste becomes. The resulting viscous paste becomes the bulk the relevant impregnating resin solution, which if necessary other additives such as flame retardants, plasticizers, May contain hardener and accelerator in advance metered in proportion.  

In the collected, crushed and granulated ab cases containing metal, such as copper gra nulate with a grain size of more than 400 microns is immediately bar after the granulation by preferably two-stage Seven separated from the remaining insulating material particles, where each fraction of the metal granulator by success windsighting from the remaining insulation material part is exempted. This granulate is then inserted melted, with any residual insulation or other Impurities excreted by pyrolysis or ver and then its recycling for example for the production of laminating films leads.

For a better understanding, the invention is as follows explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which an off example of the process flow schematically is posed.

In the course of the application of this method, several tons of the waste material 1 initially described were first of all by means of a coarse shredder 7 , e.g. B. a cutting mill, pre-cut and then carried out by a Gra nulator 8 such as a cross-flow impact mill or the like, this being ground to a grain size of approximately 650 μm. Such a mill has proven to be particularly advantageous for the splitting off of the copper, since it also granulates in a cross-flow on impact. The resulting powder was in a pre separator 9 , z. B. wind vision device, divided into its fine or coarse parts 2 and 3 , the fine material part 2 with a grain size of less than 300 microns finally consisted of insulating materials.

The remaining coarse material portion 3 was then divided into its portions 6 of copper or the smaller and much lighter portions 2 , namely insulating materials, in particular phenolic paper powder 2 , in several sieving or wind screening processes according to the different weight. For this purpose, a double sieve 10 , for example a sieve with a fine material part 11, has proven to be particularly advantageous, which in its fine material part 11 sorts out the incoming coarse material 3 into a heavier fine material part 5 or 6 with a grain size of more than or less than 400 μm, whereby at the same time, its coarse material part releases the coarser-grained material part 4 with a grain size of more than 630 μm.

While the copper portion 6 after further wind sifting in separate subordinate coarse or fine material separating devices 16 and 15 , in order to remove phenol residues 2 thereof, which was fed to further metal processing, the insulating material fine material fractions 2 of all separating and screening processes were brought together and into a fine mill 17 , e.g. B. pin or toothed disc mill finely ground, finally Lich in a dissolver or mixer 18 dispersed with the resin solution and then in a fine mill 19 , z. B. finely ground sand or pearl mill. The insulating resin solution dispersion 12 was at the same time processed to a highly concentrated, preferably highly viscous, pumpable, stable paste 13 without a tendency to settle.

This paste 13 was finally metered into an agitator tank 20 with impregnating resin solution 14 for the hard paper production as a cheap and not foreign filler, which resulted in a material saving of more than 20%. In view of the large amount of waste of several hundred tons per year, this is a considerable saving, which justifies the comparatively low investment costs for the processing of the waste for its recovery and recycling.

Claims (6)

1. Process for the recovery of non-ferrous metal and insulating material from waste material, in particular from laminate waste and waste copper-clad base material for printed circuits, the waste material being crushed and granulated, then existing metal separated from the insulating materials on account of its higher specific weight, is collected, cleaned and melted for recycling, while the Iso lierstoffpartchen separately collected, if necessary sorted and recycled and from the dry mixed granules of metal and insulating material particles by means of air flow, a substantial proportion of the latter are separated and collected as fines, thereby characterized in that the subsequent sieving of the remaining coarse material / granulate mixture separates the metal therefrom and supplies it for further treatment, and that the fine and coarse material insulating material particles are brought together, finely ground to a powder, so in e dispersed in a liquid resin solution and finally added to the impregnating resin solution for hard paper production as a finely ground viscous paste. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized records that the waste material initially up to a grain size of less than 700 µm granulated, here of the fine material of insulating material particles of a grain size deposited up to 300 µm and together with the Separation of the remaining coarse material on insulation particles into a powder with a grain size of about 100 µm finely ground and after or during its dispersion with the resin solution to a grain size of at most 50 microns is finely ground. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized ge indicates that this is by sieving the Mix of granulated waste material separated me tall granules with a grain size of more than 400 µm two sieved in stages, each fraction by the following Air sighting of the remaining insulating material free and then melted down, with any Iso residual or other impurities Pyrolysis are eliminated or destroyed. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized that the waste material before bringing together the fine and coarse material insulation particles using a roller crusher, a hammer mill or the like. crushed and so by a cross-flow impact mill, Cutting mill or another granulator leads, and after being brought together by means of a tooth disc or pin mill, finely ground, then with the resin solution, e.g. B. the solution of any plasticized phenolic resin in common solvents such as methanol or a solution of an optionally halo Generated epoxy resin in common solvents such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, optionally with white other additives such as flame retardants, pigments or their fillers, e.g. B. dispersed in a dissolver and finally in a sand or pearl mill or a corundum disc mill is ground to a viscous paste.   5. The method according to claim 4, characterized records that the viscous paste of the bulk of the relevant impregnating resin solution, if necessary other additives such as flame retardants, plasticizers, Contains hardener and accelerator, is added. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized characterized in that the total amount of Impregnation resin solution such an amount of the viscous paste is metered in that the finely ground amount of waste 10-40%, preferably 20-30% of the weight of the impregnation Resin solution contained amount of resin substance corresponds.