DE2922678A1 - Heat pump warm air recycling element - is hollow wall with cells having longitudinal channels at right angles to collector channel - Google Patents

Abstract

The warm air recycling system for a heat pump in a central heating system as in 2914996 uses collector elements which can be used to line the walls, or can be built into the roof. These elements (18) are formed by a section (5) divided by partitions (4a) to form longitudinal channels, and by a collector section (61). This collector section is also hollow, with a square channel, having two sides which fit over the open ends of the other section. The inner side includes a gap which runs along the open ends, so as to form an inlet for the channel which thus becomes a collector duct through which the air can be recycled. A layer of these elements can be installed directly under the roof tiles or on a ceiling under the roof.

Description

Construction board for use in heat recovery

in buildings with the help of a heat pump (addendum to patent ... patent application P 29 14 996.0) The invention relates to a construction panel to be used for Heat recovery in buildings with the help of a heat pump, with the building board for Formation of a heat sink element has an air chamber, the outline of which is approximately that of the one corresponds to the construction panel, and the construction panel furthermore with at least one supply line and discharge for those circulating in the circuit to and from the heat pump Air is provided according to claim 5 of the patent ... (patent application P 2914996.0).

In the main application, a method is described by which the Energy consumption in heated buildings can be reduced in that in the External parts of the building are built with cavities through which a "heat-transport air circulates, and that the heat in the transport air is recovered in a heat pump and is used for heating the building or other heating requirements. In the The main registration is also already described, the required heat collection elements " to be designed in such a way that building panels are created that have large air chambers, and that the air chambers of these building panels on - as a rule - two opposite one another Sides with supply and discharge lines for the "heat transport air" are connected.

In construction practice, it is not just a matter of the task to solve the heat recovery technically. Rather is It is of vital importance that investment costs are kept as low as possible so that the heat recovery does not become uneconomical.

In other words, it is more critical to the practice of construction Meaning that the heat trapping elements or building panels with the lowest possible cost can be produced. In addition, the question of saving assembly costs plays a role in practice a crucial role. After all, it has been shown that it depends on the "Heat trapping elements" the locally specified proportions without an essential To be able to adjust the price increase at any time.

This aspect of adapting to local dimensions or

On-site requirements also apply in particular where the "heat collection elements" must be installed subsequently, so with the so-called.

Modernization of old buildings. Given that the number of new buildings is relatively small in relation to the number of existing buildings, has energy efficiency in the national economy the question of the modernization of old buildings is increasing in importance, since substantial energy savings can only be achieved if possible is economical to retrofit "heat trapping elements" even in existing buildings to be able to install.

The present one is based on this fundamental finding The invention is based on the object, the manufacture and assembly of the "heat trapping elements building panels can be carried out more efficiently and thus more economically.

According to the invention this object is achieved in that the construction panel in Shape of a hollow plate reinforced by preferably parallel webs Inserted into a building wall, roof construction or the like, or placed in front of it outside or inside and the webs divide the air chamber into a corresponding number of sub-chambers. Such a construction panel can advantageously be manufactured and assembled inexpensively, especially since it also has a relatively high inherent rigidity in a desired manner.

The above advantages apply in particular to an embodiment of the Invention according to which the construction panel consists of an extrusion process with a regular cross-section produced double or multiple web plate, the two open ends of which through the supply and discharge in the form of hollow profiles for the heat transport serving air flow are completed. Such multi-wall sheets can be made of plastic, for example can be easily produced by extrusion with practically any length. The use of the standard cross-section means that the profiled sheets or multi-wall sheets in series production initially in any length and with a predetermined length Overall width or at most a few different overall widths can be produced. It is then on a production line for type elements or on the construction site in adaptation to the individual case of need easily possible, the overall width of a such construction panel or multi-walled sheet by removing the corresponding sub-chambers reduce and vice versa assemble several elements to a larger overall width. Furthermore, with one manufacturing process by cutting off different overall lengths every dimensional requirement in the second dimension in the factory or on the construction site To be taken into account. In this way, there is a great deal of variation given the assembly. The production of such construction panels in the extrusion process allows a particularly rational production because you in this way building boards Made of plastic with optimal properties for the purposes mentioned above (e.g. in terms of weight, thermal insulation, strength, etc.). The special one Cross-sectional shape of such profiled sheets is then that of the so-called. Double wall sheets or Draifach multi-skin sheets. The open ends of these multi-wall sheets, their sub-chambers all run in the axial direction of the plate, are then used for the supply and discharge the "Transportiuft" completed by a profile Elerente in the form of hollow profiles. For this purpose, inexpensive profile tubes are primarily used, which are also continuous Manufactured in any length (e.g. from light metal by extrusion), cut to the required length and sealed at the open ends of the Building plate attached or placed on this.

With this. Construction principle can even be factory-made, complete Construction boards can be adjusted on site.

Further refinements of the invention emerge from the subclaims emerged.

The invention will then be based on the drawings of exemplary embodiments explained in more detail. It shows Figure 1 is a partial oblique view of a construction panel in the form a double wall plate lit a. attached hollow profile for the lead.

direction of the air flow serving to transport heat; Figure 2 is a partial sectional view a roof truss, which the arrangement of double wall sheets on the underside of the Shows roof beam; FIG. 3 shows a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 2, however ith arrangement of the double wall sheets on the top of the roof beams; Figure 4 a Isaistrian section of a building rit on one Outer wall Double-walled sheet placed in front on the inside, which also continues the supply and discharge lines illustrated in the voids of a floor construction; Figure 5 is a partial sectional view a double wall plate with an attached hollow profile for the supply of the heat transport serving air flow and FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of the air duct in a building board according to the invention composed of multi-wall sheets and profile tubes with air flow according to the "Tichelmann principle".

Those shown in FIGS. 1-6 act as "heat trapping elements" Construction panels 18 are composed here of double-walled sheets made of plastic can be produced by extrusion. Each double wall sheet contains an outer wall 5, a rear wall 2 and partial chambers 4 for guiding the heat transport serving air flow, which are separated from each other by parallel webs 4a and have the same clear cross-section. The manufacturing latitude each Double web plate is denoted by b and limited in the exemplary embodiments according to Figures 2 and 3 four sub-chambers 4. The height of each building board 18 is with H (Figure 4). The production length of the double wall sheets is in the extrusion process initially not limited, so that the actual Lisfer length can be adjusted as desired it is achieved that individual pieces are cut off from the extruded plastic material will. If the construction board 18 z.8. an outer wall 71 is to be placed in front of the inside, which has, for example, the width 8 and height H, it is necessary to use the heat collecting element in the form of the construction panel 18 to adapt to these dimensions. This is done in the following way: At the two opposite ends of the double wall sheets which are open in themselves (e.g. In Figure 4 above and below) a hollow profile 60 is used as a supply line or another Hollow profile 61 arranged as a discharge for the air flow serving for heat transport. The hollow profiles 60 and 61 are for this purpose (see FIGS. 1 and 5) with a laterally molded, in section U-shaped receiving edge 180 for the double wall sheets Mistake. The edge dimension of the hollow profiles 60, 61 is indicated by d, thus the The net height of the double wall sheets is twice the dimension d smaller than the actual Overall height H. Furthermore, it is necessary to adapt the double wall sheets to the local proportions adapt by the actual construction width B of the construction panel 18 created thereby is that either a single web plate with the width B is made or several Multi-wall sheets with the width b arranged side by side and combined to the dimension B. , whereby it is of course also possible to have several double wall sheets with the width b and a partial width (double wall sheet with only e.g. two or three partial chambers 4) assemble.

The heat-collecting element or the construction panel 18 is expediently made of the composite double wall sheets not only with the two hollow profiles 60 and 61 provided for the air flow serving to transport heat, but at the same time also with a heat insulating plate 62, which is finished with a finished surface, e.g. can be pasted in the form of wallpaper or plastic film that can be washed off. The hollow profiles 60 and 61 are, as is particularly evident from FIGS. 1 and 5, in cross section designed such that they grip around the heat insulating plate 62 so that in connection a tight connection with a thin sealing film or cement or adhesive layer is achieved. Additional hollow profiles 63 can be used together with the hollow profiles 60, 61 to a one comprising the double wall sheets, statically effective Frame to be connected. The hollow profiles 63 can have the same cross-section as the hollow profiles 60 and 61 have. The hollow profile 63 shown on the left in FIG is however not media-leading, in contrast to the right hollow profile 63, such as will be explained.

It is essential that the side of the hollow profiles 60, 61 that the open The ends of the double wall sheets facing, contains openings 90, which the passage the air flow from the hollow profile 60 over the sub-chambers, which serves to transport heat 4 in the other hollow profile 61 allow. With 83 sealing elements are between denotes the hollow profiles 60, 61 and the double-walled sheets in FIGS. 1 and 5. In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, the air flow captured in the hollow profile 61 is through the right vertical hollow profile 63 down to below the top edge of the floor out and there derived in a horizontal hollow profile 64 to the input side a heat pump, not shown, for the purpose of extracting heat. Done in a corresponding manner also below the upper edge of the floor the supply of the heat transport serving Air flow over a hollow profile 65 which is arranged in the cavity of the floor and opens into the hollow profile 60. The air flow in the hollow profile 65 comes from the output side of the heat pump, not shown.

The floor is made up of different layers in Figure 4, such that the floor panels 66 walked on on sub-floor panels or supports 67 are deposited, with the formation of cavities 68 in which not only the hollow profiles 64 and 65 for air guidance, but also z, 8. Heating pipes 69 and electrical lines 70 are laid can.

What is essential is the even distribution of the air flow within the entire ZWärmefangstruktur "in order to ensure, on the one hand, a uniform heat transfer the transmission heat (from the heated interior of the building) into the air flow in the sub-chambers 4 and on the other hand a uniform discharge of the in the sub-chambers 4 to ensure heated air flow. For this purpose, the well-known * Tichelmann principle " applied. Figure 6 shows schematically the principle of the named after Tichelmann Medisn leadership (here air), which is characterized in that the sum of the airways in the parallel partial chambers 4 on the one hand and in the supply and discharge lines effective hollow profiles 60 and 61 on the other hand and thus the sum of the friction losses is approximately the same. In the embodiment of Figure 4 occurs to be heated Air enters the hollow profile 60 at the bottom left and flows from here through the sub-chambers 4 upwards, collects in the hollow profile 61 and emerges from this at the top right into the hollow profile 63 in order to be discharged further down into the hollow profile 64 in this to become, in the direction of the input side of the heat pump (not shown). in the The direction of the arrows drawn in FIG. 4 and illustrating the air flow therefore the air in the heat trap construction returns the same path lengths everywhere, because the sum of the vertical paths flowed through and the ~ -, partly horizontal paths is the same and on the other hand also the flow resistances in this arrangement in are essentially the same.

Reference is now made again to FIG. The outer wall 71 of the As already explained above, the building is on the inside with the heat-collecting element acting construction panel 18 provided, which consists of numerous Double wall sheets , the insulating panels 62 and a frame composed, in turn the hollow profiles 60, 61 and 63 comprises. In deviation from the embodiment according to In principle, FIG. 4 also offers the possibility, conversely, of the complete heat trap element or construction panel 18 with the structure described for the outer wall 71 or to be arranged outside this wall. This arrangement is particularly preferred there where already from other (architectural, climatic or building physics) Establish a so-called. curtain facade would be used. The construction board (s) 18 would then form such a facade and with a correspondingly weatherproof outer skin be provided. This is one of the further developments of the invention.

Figures 2 and 3 show two different options for the heat trapping elements or to arrange building boards 18 with the double wall sheets in a roof structure. In both Cases, the roof structure is made of a traditional wooden structure, whose bars 72 run obliquely downward from the ridge 73 to the eaves, with battens 75 wear a covering made of bricks 76. Run in the embodiment according to FIG on the outside of the beams 72 counter battens 74 on which the roof battens 75 are arranged running horizontally, which carry the roof tiles 76. The building boards 18 are attached in Figure 2 to the underside of the beams 72, the heat-insulating Plates 62 are visibly attached to the underside of the web plates. With 78a is in Figure 2 denotes a wooden shuttering.

In the embodiment of Figure 3, it is assumed that on the underside the beams 72 of the roof truss an interior lining in the form of heat-insulating panels 77 with a wooden casing 78 is present, furthermore originally a normal continuous covering of brick 76 was present. It is also assumed that the original covering made of bricks as part of an energy industry Refurbishment is at least partially removed (left in Figure 3) in order to work on their Place construction panels 18a on beam 72. Above the building panels 18 are on the right in Figure 3 the counter battens 74 are provided, on which the roof battens 75 are attached, which in turn carry the bricks 76.

In this example, the heat trapping elements are located Construction panels 18 between a thermal insulation (below) and the weather jacket made of bricks (above). The problem to be solved here is how the inputs and outputs form Hollow profiles (not shown) for the air flow serving to transport heat Heat pump (not shown) are performed. Advantageously, they can do this necessary additional pipelines between the beams72 of the roof structure below. This gives the possibility of any existing buildings Art can also be retrospectively modernized in terms of thermal technology. The principle Figures 2 and 3 can also be used in steel constructions. In particular, can the heat trapping elements according to the invention arranged on the rods of a space framework are as on the wooden beams 72 of Figures 2 and 3.

The particular advantage of the construction according to the invention is that that it is possible, in particular, to use standardized, i.e. constant, building boards Double or multi-wall sheets to be completely assembled in the factory, to transport the same to the construction site and here in yours with a few simple steps To fix the installation position.

In addition, it is also possible to use the individual multi-wall sheets to produce in great lengths in the extrusion process from plastic and the Hollow profiles in greater lengths that serve as supply and discharge lines for the air flow to produce, to transport to the construction site and here by handcraft to the required Cut lengths and assemble. The latter is particularly great there Advantage where buildings with individual dimensions (both new and existing Old buildings) should be designed in a more energy-efficient way.

In the embodiment of Figure 3 is also left above the Double wall panels of the construction panel 18a a solar cell 81 shown schematically, the is under a transparent cover 79 and the absorption of solar energy serves. In this case, the multi-skin sheets are at the same time opposite to the irradiated Solar heat serve as thermal insulation, with the solar cells 81 and the translucent Cover 79 combined in a frame 82 which is supported on the roof beam 72 will. There are now various options for operation. In the First possibility, the solar cell 81 takes the heat of the sun with it in a known manner Liquid that is in a separate circuit, e.g. with its own heat pump, On the other hand, the Deppelstegplattsn then take them from the outside coming excess solar heat, which finally comes together with the transmission heat of the building by the air flowing in the sub-chambers 4 of the heat pump, not shown is supplied to make sia usable in this. The heat collection system shown in FIG for the transmission heat is consequently in this case independent of the solar heat system and also effective when the solar system with the solar cell 81 is not in operation is.

A second option is to use the energy Solar cell 81 serving from the outside does not close with a liquid but with air operate. In this case, the transport air for the heat can either be selected separated by the solar cell 81 on the one hand and the heat collecting element or construction panel IBa, on the other hand, are carried out; or the transport air can first pass through one System and then be guided by the other; or the transport air - e.g. 8. in summer with strong sunshine - only through the (external) solar cell 81 or - e.g. in winter when there is little solar radiation and a high level of transmission heat - Only passed through the (internal) heat collecting element or construction panel 18a.

The control can be done with the help of temperature sensors and known Rule elements can be automated.

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Claims (7)

Claims 18autafel for use for heat recovery in buildings with the help of a heat pump, the 8autafel for the formation of a Heat-absorbing elements has an air chamber, outline roughly that of the construction panel corresponds, and the construction panel further with at least one supply line and discharge line for the air circulating in the circuit to and from the heat pump is, according to claim 5 of the patent ... (patent application P 29 14 996.0), characterized in, that the building board (18) in the form of a hollow plate reinforced by parallel webs (4a) Used in a building wall, roof structure or the like, or outside or inside is in front and the webs (4a) the air chamber in a corresponding number of sub-chambers (4) split. 2. Construction board according to claim 1, characterized in that the saute board (18) from a double- or multiple web plate, the two open ends of which through the supply line and discharge in the form of hollow profiles (60, 61) for those used for heat transport Air flow are complete. 3. Construction panel according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the flow paths in the construction panel (18) and the supply and discharge lines after Tichelmann.Prinzip are designed so that basically with all partial air currents there are approximately the same path lengths and approximately the same resistances. 4. Construction panel according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the construction panel (18) on the beams (72) of a roof structure or on the bars of a Space framework is arranged and the supply and discharge lines for the heat transport serving air flow between the bars, the beams of the roof truss or ' of Raumfachuierks are guided in the skeletal gaps. 5. Construction panel according to claim 1 - 6, characterized by one when in use internal heat-trapping layer (multi-skin sheets) that comes from the inside of the building Absorbs transmission heat and a second, external layer when used (Solar cell), the energy originating from the sun and global radiation on one Air stream transfers, with both air streams independently or together for heat recovery can be used. 6. Construction panel according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the construction panel is designed as a roof or facade element that can be added. 7. sauté board according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the supply and discharge lines in the form of hollow profiles (60, 61) on the construction panel (18) for the air flow serving to transport heat in the cavities of an elevated Floor construction via hollow profiles (64, 65) are continued.