DE29911626U1 - Bank protection with plastic reinforced earth - Google Patents

Description

Andreas Herold Dr. Gerhard Hoy Dr. Martin Magnus Torsten Hoy

Slope protection with plastic-reinforced soil

The invention relates to an arrangement for ensuring the stability of permanent, steep slopes with plastic-reinforced soil.

The invention can preferably be used for the production of permanent and steep slopes with vegetation with slope angles of up to 80° to the horizontal as an alternative to conventional retaining wall systems.

Various arrangements for creating permanent, steep slopes are known in the state of the art. One well-known method for creating permanent terrain jumps with large slope angles is the construction of gravity and angle retaining walls.

A disadvantage of these arrangements is the high level of construction work required to construct them and the associated construction costs.

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A further disadvantage is that greening of the retaining walls is only possible at the top and bottom of the wall.

Various arrangements are known for the production of permanent and steep slopes with vegetation, whereby structural steel is used as the material for reinforcement elements and anchors.

A disadvantage of these known arrangements is the complex corrosion protection measures required to ensure the durability of reinforcement elements made of structural steel, such as the use of stainless steel or the arrangement of sufficient concrete covers in reinforced concrete structures, which entails high maintenance costs. A further disadvantage of these known arrangements is the formation of complex and, in particular, visible anchoring elements on the slope.

The invention is based on the object of specifying an arrangement for producing permanent and steep slopes with inconspicuous reinforcement elements and with the possibility of arranging any vegetation.

The object is achieved according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1.

Advantageous embodiments are specified in the subclaims.

The invention is characterized by a number of advantages. By combining multi-layered plastic reinforcement mats in the slope body to be secured with erosion protection and greening mats on the slope end on the air side, it is possible to create very steep slopes that can be permanently greened. By integrating seed into the decomposable erosion protection and greening mats on the slope end on the air side,

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In addition to planned greening, the slope closure allows for the growth of a root system that additionally secures the slope. By arranging special offsets between the individual layers, the water absorption capacity and thus the water balance of the green slope are positively influenced.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an embodiment.

The accompanying drawings show:

Figure 1 shows the air-side termination of a filling layer of the system according to the invention in the slope cross-section

and

Figure 2 shows the cross-section of the entire system.

The embankment body consists of several horizontal filling layers 5, each with a constant layer thickness, which are arranged in layers. Before pouring a new filling layer 5, a statically unnecessary permanent formwork 1 in the form of an angled structural steel reinforcement mat is placed with its horizontal leg surface on the underlying filling layer 5, which has already been completed and folded over on the air side with a plastic reinforcement mat 4 and an erosion protection and greening mat 3, at the planned air-side end of the filling layer 5 to be poured, in such a way that the second leg surface of the permanent formwork 1 defines the air-side end of the filling layer 5 to be poured. To stabilize the permanent formwork 1, spacers are arranged between the leg surfaces as a tension and compression-resistant connection 2 in the form of reinforcing steel bars. After setting up the permanent formwork

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1, an erosion protection and greening mat 3 is laid within the angled reinforcing steel mat in such a way that not only the earth side of the standing leg surface of the permanent formwork 1 but also part of the top side of the horizontal leg surface is covered and, in addition, an overhang to be anchored later remains above the standing leg of the permanent formwork 1. The statically effective reinforcement mat made of plastic 4 is then laid above the already poured fill layer 5 including the prism-shaped poured topsoil 6,7 and the horizontal leg of the permanent formwork 1 covered by the erosion protection and greening mat 3, whereby the air-side edge region of the reinforcement mat made of plastic 4 is arranged within the standing leg of the permanent formwork 1 and has an overhang to be anchored in the fill layer 5 to be poured. This overhang of the plastic reinforcement mat 4, which is to be anchored later, initially remains on the air side outside the permanent formwork 1. The new layer 5, 6, 7 is poured up to the upper edge of the permanent formwork 1 in four stages. First, a prismatic topsoil body 6 is poured against the standing leg surface within the permanent formwork, with the upper edge of this pour prism not reaching up to the upper edge of the permanent formwork 1. Then, on the earth side behind the topsoil 6, a first layer of the filling layer 5 and above that on the earth side behind the permanent formwork 1, a second layer of topsoil 7 are poured and lightly compacted, with the surface of the poured body 7 being arranged at the level of the upper edge of the permanent formwork 1. Before pouring and compacting a second layer of the filling layer 5, both the plastic reinforcement mat 4 and the erosion protection and greening mat 3 are folded over the topsoil 7 and the lower layer of the filling layer 5 on the ground side. The structure of the overall layer consisting of topsoils 6, 7 and filling soil 5 shown here enables both the anchoring of the plastic reinforcement mat within the filling soil 5 and the arrangement of a topsoil layer that is continuous on the air side and protected by the erosion protection and greening mat 3.

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When arranging the layers on top of each other, the next highest permanent formwork is set up with a horizontal offset of 2-30 cm from the front edge of the layer below. The offset areas are designed with a gradient of 2% towards the slope in order to at least partially direct rainwater to the slope and the vegetation arranged on the slope surface and thus to have a positive effect on the water balance of the slope. Figure 2 shows an offset of more than 30 cm designed as a berm with a 2% gradient, which is used for slope maintenance.

For the drainage of the embankment body, the lower layer of the lower filling layer 5 and a layer arranged between the natural soil 13 and the embankment body are designed as drainage 12, wherein the draining effect is achieved by filling capillary-breaking, mineral building materials.

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LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS

1 lost formwork

2 spacers as tension and compression connection

3 Erosion protection and greening mat

4 Plastic reinforcement

5 Filling layer

6 Topsoil, lower fill

7 Topsoil, upper bulk material

8 ground nails

9 General slope inclination

10 Berm

11 Offset

12 Drainage

13 natural soil

14 rodent protection grid

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Claims (13)

1. Arrangement for ensuring the stability of permanent and steep slopes with plastic-reinforced earth, characterized in that the earth-side area behind the slope is constructed in layers and reinforcement mats made of plastic ( 4 ) are arranged between filling layers ( 5 ). 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic reinforcement mats ( 4 ) are anchored at the air-side end of the slope by folding the reinforcement mats ( 4 ) into filling layers ( 5 ). 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one filling layer ( 5 ) consists of mineral building materials. 4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that topsoil ( 6 , 7 ) is arranged on the air-side edge of the filling layers ( 5 ) and is enclosed on the air side by the reinforcement mats ( 4 ). 5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the topsoil ( 6 , 7 ) arranged at the air-side end of the filling layers ( 5 ) is additionally enclosed on the air side by erosion protection and greening mats ( 3 ). 6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that seeds are integrated into the erosion protection and greening mats ( 3 ). 7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a permanent formwork ( 1 ) in the form of angled structural steel reinforcement mats is used to fix the plastic reinforcement mats ( 4 ) and/or to fix the erosion protection and greening mats ( 3 ) at the air-side end of each filling layer ( 5 ), with one leg surface of the permanent formwork being arranged horizontally under a filling layer ( 5 ) and another leg surface being arranged at any angle at the air-side end of the same filling layer ( 5 ). 8. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for fixing the permanent formwork ( 1 ) between the leg surfaces of the angled structural steel reinforcement mats, tension- and compression-resistant spacers ( 2 ) in the form of diagonal struts are arranged. 9. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at the air-side end of the slope the superimposed filling layers ( 5 ) are arranged with horizontal offsets ( 11 ). 10. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the arranged offset ( 11 ) is designed with an inclination towards the slope. 11. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a horizontal drainage is arranged in the lowest filling level ( 5 ). 12. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a drainage ( 12 ) is arranged between the natural soil ( 13 ) and the embankment body at an angle greater than zero to the horizontal. 13. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one offset ( 11 ) is designed as a berm ( 10 ) with a width greater than 30 cm with a surface inclination towards the slope.