DE29520864U1 - regenerator - Google Patents
regeneratorInfo
- Publication number
- DE29520864U1 DE29520864U1 DE29520864U DE29520864U DE29520864U1 DE 29520864 U1 DE29520864 U1 DE 29520864U1 DE 29520864 U DE29520864 U DE 29520864U DE 29520864 U DE29520864 U DE 29520864U DE 29520864 U1 DE29520864 U1 DE 29520864U1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- regenerator
- storage mass
- fibers
- housing
- ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
- F02G1/0445—Engine plants with combined cycles, e.g. Vuilleumier
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
- F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
- F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
- F02G1/053—Component parts or details
- F02G1/057—Regenerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D17/00—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles
- F28D17/02—Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus in which a stationary intermediate heat-transfer medium or body is contacted successively by each heat-exchange medium, e.g. using granular particles using rigid bodies, e.g. of porous material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/003—Gas cycle refrigeration machines characterised by construction or composition of the regenerator
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Description
Regeneratorregenerator
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Regenerator, insbesondere für hohe Temperaturen (über 500 0C), der vor allem in Gaskältemaschinen nach dem Vuilieumierprinzip und Heißgasmotoren nach dem Stirlingprinzip eingesetzt wird.The invention relates to a regenerator, in particular for high temperatures (over 500 ° C), which is used primarily in gas refrigeration machines according to the Vuilieumier principle and hot gas engines according to the Stirling principle.
Kraft- und Arbeitsmaschinen, die einen thermodynamischen Kreisprozeß (z.B. Stirling-, VuiUeumier-, Gifford/McMahon-Prozeß) nutzen, besitzen in der Regel einen Regenerator.Power and working machines that use a thermodynamic cycle (e.g. Stirling, VuiUeumier, Gifford/McMahon process) usually have a regenerator.
Diese Maschinen bestehen aus mindestens zwei Zylindern mit Kolben oder Verdränger. Die Arbeitszylinder haben verschiedene Temperaturniveaus, die bei einigen Maschinen sehr unterschiedlich sein können. Temperaturdifferenzen von einigen 100 K sind möglich. Typische Werte für eine Gaskältemaschine nach dem Vuilleumierprozeß zur Methanverflüssigung sind z.B. Heißzylinder 600 0C1 Warmer Arbeitsraum 50 0C, Kaltzylinder-170 0C. Die Kolben bzw. Verdränger schieben das Arbeitsgas zwischen diesen Arbeitsräumen unterschiedlicher Temperatur während des Kreisprozesses hin und her und dabei durch den Regenerator, der zwischen den Arbeitsräumen angeordnet ist.These machines consist of at least two cylinders with pistons or displacers. The working cylinders have different temperature levels, which can be very different in some machines. Temperature differences of a few 100 K are possible. Typical values for a gas refrigeration machine based on the Vuilleumier process for methane liquefaction are, for example, hot cylinder 600 0 C 1 warm working chamber 50 0 C, cold cylinder -170 0 C. The pistons or displacers push the working gas back and forth between these working chambers of different temperatures during the cycle and through the regenerator, which is arranged between the working chambers.
Der Regenerator hat im Kreisprozeß die Aufgabe, die Wärme des Arbeitsgases kurzzeitig zu speichern. Er muß deshalb erstens gute Wärmespeichereigenschaften besitzen, zweitens einen geringen Druckverlust haben und drittens sollte die Wärmeleitung vom warmen zum kalten Ende des Regenerators gering sein, da dieser Verlust den Wirkungsgrad des Regenerators verringert. Für den Aufbau der Regeneratormatrix (Speichermasse) sind verschiedene Vorschläge bekannt. Bei der gegenwärtig sehr häufig verwendeten Bauart besteht der Regenerator aus einem zylindrischen Rohr oder aus zwei konzentrisch zueinander angeordneten Rohren, deren Ringraum die Regeneratormatrix aufnimmt, und die Speichermasse wird durch Metall-Drahtsiebe gebildet, die ausgestanzt und gestapelt werden. Der Nachteil dieser Regeneratormatrix sind die hohen Kosten. Aus US 4 724 676 ist auch bekannt, den Regenerator abschnittsweise aus Kugelschüttungen und Drahtsieben aufzubauen. Diese Gestaltung gestattet eine bessere Anpassung des Regenerators an die örtlich unterschiedlichen Stoffeigenschaften des Fluids. Dadurch können die Kosten aber nur teilweise gesenkt werden. Reine Kugelschüttungen werden ebenfalls verwendet. Sie sind preiswert herstellbar und passen sich der Randgeometrie selbständig an. Nachteilig ist, daß bei idealen Kugeln die Porosität der Schüttung am Rand größer ist als im Kern. Dadurch strömt das Fluid bevorzugt am Rand der Schüttung entlang. Die Wirkung ist die gleiche wie bei einem Spalt zwischen Regeneratormatrix und Randrohr, es kommt zu Mischungsverlusten, die den Wirkungsgrad des Regenerators erheblich verringern können. Ein weiterer Nachteil von Schüttungen ist, daß die Porosität der Regeneratormatrix relativ klein ist (ca. 33 %) und kaum variiert werden kann. Die Regeneratormatrix kann nach DE 3 044 427 auch aus gesinterten Metallscheiben, z.B. aus Bronzekugeln, aufgebaut werden. Um die Wärmeleitung in Strömungsrichtung zu verringern wird vorgeschlagen, die Sintermetallscheiben mit einem Abstand zueinander anzuordnen. Bei den Sintermetallscheiben ist mit einer unterschiedlichen Größe der Poren und einer Inhomogenität der Porosität zu rechnen.The regenerator's task in the cycle is to store the heat of the working gas for a short time. Firstly, it must therefore have good heat storage properties, secondly, it must have a low pressure loss and thirdly, the heat conduction from the warm to the cold end of the regenerator should be low, as this loss reduces the efficiency of the regenerator. Various proposals are known for the structure of the regenerator matrix (storage mass). In the currently very frequently used design, the regenerator consists of a cylindrical tube or of two concentrically arranged tubes, the annular space of which accommodates the regenerator matrix, and the storage mass is formed by metal wire sieves that are punched out and stacked. The disadvantage of this regenerator matrix is the high cost. It is also known from US 4,724,676 that the regenerator can be constructed in sections from pebble beds and wire sieves. This design allows the regenerator to be better adapted to the locally different material properties of the fluid. However, this only partially reduces costs. Pure sphere beds are also used. They are inexpensive to manufacture and adapt to the edge geometry independently. The disadvantage is that with ideal spheres the porosity of the bed is greater at the edge than in the core. This means that the fluid flows preferentially along the edge of the bed. The effect is the same as with a gap between the regenerator matrix and the edge tube, there are mixing losses, which can significantly reduce the efficiency of the regenerator. Another disadvantage of beds is that the porosity of the regenerator matrix is relatively small (approx. 33%) and can hardly be varied. According to DE 3 044 427, the regenerator matrix can also be made of sintered metal disks, e.g. bronze balls. In order to reduce the heat conduction in the direction of flow, it is suggested that the sintered metal disks be arranged at a distance from one another. With the sintered metal discs, different pore sizes and inhomogeneity of the porosity are to be expected.
Bekannt sind weiterhin verschiedene Herstellverfahren einer Regeneratormatrix aus Metalldrähten. Diese werden entweder aufgewickelt, zu Bändern verflochten oder in ca. 20 mm lange Stücke geschnitten und in der Regel im Regeneratorgehäuse zusammengepreßt. Dadurch wird einerseits die gewünschte Porosität eingestellt und andererseits die Matrix zum Regeneratorgehäuse abgedichtet. Nachteil dieser Regeneratoren ist, daß sie aus sehr dünnen Metalldrähten bestehen, die durch kostenintensäves Ziehen hergestellt werden. Mit immer kleineren Drahtdurchmessern steigen die Kosten an. Außerdem wurden bei diesem Regeneratoren Inhomogenität festgestellt.Various manufacturing processes for a regenerator matrix made of metal wires are also known. These are either wound up, braided into strips or cut into pieces about 20 mm long and usually pressed together in the regenerator housing. This sets the desired porosity on the one hand and seals the matrix to the regenerator housing on the other. The disadvantage of these regenerators is that they consist of very thin metal wires that are produced by costly drawing. The costs increase with ever smaller wire diameters. Inhomogeneity has also been found in these regenerators.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Speichermasse so zu gestalten, daß der Regenerator preiswert zu fertigen ist und gleichzeitig einen hohen thermischen Wirkungsgrad, einen ge-The object of the invention is to design the storage mass in such a way that the regenerator can be manufactured inexpensively and at the same time has a high thermal efficiency, a
ringen Druckverlust aufweist, für*hohe* Tem'p'eräiüren geeignet ist und keinen Spalt zwischen Regeneratormatrix und Regeneratorgehäuse aufweist.has low pressure loss, is suitable for high temperatures and has no gap between the regenerator matrix and the regenerator housing.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch die Merkmale der Schutzansprüche gelöst, indem preiswerte Fasern mit einem Durchmesser kleiner als 50 &mgr;&igr;&eegr; auf der Basis von Keramik oder Glas in Form von Wolle, Wirrfaser, Filz, gewebter Matten, Platten, Band oder Schnur, wie sie z.B. von Hochtemperatur-Isolierstoffen bekannt sind, eingesetzt werden. Überraschender Weise sind derartige Isolierstoffe mit einer schlechten Wärmeleitfähigkeit als Speichermasse eines Regenerators geeignet, wenn der Durchmesser der Faser sehr klein ist. Insbesondere gilt das für Regeneratoren mit kurzer Warm- und Kaltperiode, wie bei Gaskältemaschinen und Stirling motoren üblich, da in diesem Fall die Eindringtiefe der Temperaturfront in die Faser klein ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved by the features of the protection claims by using inexpensive fibers with a diameter of less than 50 μm based on ceramic or glass in the form of wool, random fibers, felt, woven mats, plates, tape or cord, as are known, for example, from high-temperature insulating materials. Surprisingly, such insulating materials with poor thermal conductivity are suitable as storage mass for a regenerator if the diameter of the fiber is very small. This applies in particular to regenerators with short warm and cold periods, as is usual with gas refrigeration machines and Stirling engines, since in this case the penetration depth of the temperature front into the fiber is small.
An folgendem Ausführungsbeispiel wird die Erfindung näher erläutert. Die Abbildung zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Regenerator in schematischer Schnittdarsteliung.The invention is explained in more detail using the following exemplary embodiment. The figure shows a regenerator according to the invention in a schematic sectional view.
In einem Gehäuse 1, das aus keramischen Werkstoff bestehen kann, sind schichtweise die Speichermassen 2.1 und 2.2 quer zur Strömungsrichtung angeordnet. Durch die Ringnuten 4 wird eine gute Abdichtung zur Innenwand des Gehäuses 1 erreicht.In a housing 1, which can be made of ceramic material, the storage masses 2.1 and 2.2 are arranged in layers transverse to the flow direction. The ring grooves 4 ensure good sealing with the inner wall of the housing 1.
Die Speichermasse 2.1 könnte z.B. aus Glasfasern und Speichermasse 2.2 aus Aluminiumoxid mit Siliziumdioxid (AI2O3ZSiO2) bestehen.The storage mass 2.1 could, for example, consist of glass fibers and storage mass 2.2 of aluminum oxide with silicon dioxide (AI 2 O 3 ZSiO 2 ).
Stirnseitig ist das Gehäuse 1 des Regenerators mit Deckeln 3 abgeschlossen, die mit entsprechenden Öffnungen versehen sind.The front of the housing 1 of the regenerator is closed with covers 3, which are provided with corresponding openings.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29520864U DE29520864U1 (en) | 1995-02-18 | 1995-02-18 | regenerator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29520864U DE29520864U1 (en) | 1995-02-18 | 1995-02-18 | regenerator |
| DE19505554 | 1995-02-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE29520864U1 true DE29520864U1 (en) | 1996-05-23 |
Family
ID=26012569
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE29520864U Expired - Lifetime DE29520864U1 (en) | 1995-02-18 | 1995-02-18 | regenerator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE29520864U1 (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001065099A3 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2002-04-18 | New Power Concept Llc | Stirling engine thermal system improvements |
| WO2002077435A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | New Power Concepts Llc | Regenerator for a stirling engine |
| DE10234401B4 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2008-08-07 | Pasemann, Lutz, Dr. | Regenerator for the working gas of a Stirling engine |
| US7654084B2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2010-02-02 | New Power Concepts Llc | Metering fuel pump |
| US7934926B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2011-05-03 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Gaseous fuel burner |
| CN103047046A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-17 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Heat regenerator assembly of heat engine |
| WO2020127300A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Universite De Franche-Comte | Regenerator and method for manufacturing such a regenerator |
| US11285399B2 (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2022-03-29 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vending apparatus |
| US11826681B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2023-11-28 | Deka Products Limited Partneship | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
| US11885760B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2024-01-30 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
| US11884555B2 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2024-01-30 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
-
1995
- 1995-02-18 DE DE29520864U patent/DE29520864U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6591609B2 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2003-07-15 | New Power Concepts Llc | Regenerator for a Stirling Engine |
| US6862883B2 (en) | 1997-07-15 | 2005-03-08 | New Power Concepts Llc | Regenerator for a Stirling engine |
| WO2001065099A3 (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2002-04-18 | New Power Concept Llc | Stirling engine thermal system improvements |
| US7654084B2 (en) | 2000-03-02 | 2010-02-02 | New Power Concepts Llc | Metering fuel pump |
| WO2002077435A1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-10-03 | New Power Concepts Llc | Regenerator for a stirling engine |
| DE10234401B4 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2008-08-07 | Pasemann, Lutz, Dr. | Regenerator for the working gas of a Stirling engine |
| US7934926B2 (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2011-05-03 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Gaseous fuel burner |
| US11826681B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2023-11-28 | Deka Products Limited Partneship | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
| US11884555B2 (en) | 2007-06-07 | 2024-01-30 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
| US11285399B2 (en) | 2008-08-15 | 2022-03-29 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vending apparatus |
| US11885760B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2024-01-30 | Deka Products Limited Partnership | Water vapor distillation apparatus, method and system |
| CN103047046A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-17 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Heat regenerator assembly of heat engine |
| WO2020127300A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-25 | Universite De Franche-Comte | Regenerator and method for manufacturing such a regenerator |
| FR3090840A1 (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2020-06-26 | Universite De Franche-Comte | Regenerator and method of manufacturing such a regenerator |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| R086 | Non-binding declaration of licensing interest | ||
| R207 | Utility model specification |
Effective date: 19960704 |
|
| R081 | Change of applicant/patentee |
Owner name: VIESSMANN WERKE GMBH & CO KG, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: INSTITUT FUER LUFT- UND KAELTETECHNIK GEMEINNUETZIGE GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 01309 DRESDEN,DE Effective date: 19970403 Owner name: ROBERT BOSCH GMBH, DE Free format text: FORMER OWNER: INSTITUT FUER LUFT- UND KAELTETECHNIK GEMEINNUETZIGE GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 01309 DRESDEN,DE Effective date: 19970403 |
|
| R150 | Utility model maintained after payment of first maintenance fee after three years |
Effective date: 19980708 |
|
| R151 | Utility model maintained after payment of second maintenance fee after six years |
Effective date: 20010713 |
|
| R152 | Utility model maintained after payment of third maintenance fee after eight years |
Effective date: 20030429 |
|
| R071 | Expiry of right |