DE29519207U1 - Drive system for water lance blowers with housing for sealing and flushing medium - Google Patents

Description

10

Bergemann GmbH 1 December 1995

Schillwiese 20 B15976Gbm KA/NE/ku4

46485 Wesel

Drive system for water lance blowers
with housing for sealing and flushing medium

The present invention relates to a water lance blower according to the preamble of claim 1.

is The cleaning of heating systems, in particular the combustion chambers of high-performance steam boilers, during operation is carried out using water lance blowers, among other things, which emit a concentrated water jet through the combustion chamber onto the opposite wall. The thermal shock that occurs, the kinetic water jet energy and the sudden evaporation of water that has penetrated into the pores of the deposits cause the contamination of soot, slag and ash to flake off. Typical arrangements and the environment of such water lance blowers are described, for example, in DD 276 335 Al, DD 281 452 A5 and DD 281 468 A5.

The water jet from water lance blowers generally follows a specific predefined path on the surface to be cleaned, also known as the blowing pattern, whereby this path generally runs in a meandering or spiral shape and, if necessary, avoids obstacles, openings or other sensitive areas.

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In addition to controlling the drive system using a template that necessarily produces a very specific blowing pattern, two-axis controls were mainly used with control axes at right angles to each other, in particular a horizontal and a vertical axis, in order to be able to control meandering paths particularly easily. In this way, it has always been possible to create certain meandering blowing patterns by purely controlling them over time or by controlling the individual axis drives from a minimum stop to a maximum stop.

However, this type of control made it necessary to align the drives as precisely as possible, as described in DD 234 479 Al, for example. There, two actuating elements act on the water lance, whereby these two actuating elements are arranged at an angle of 90° on a frame, whereby the fastening points of the actuating elements must also be in the same plane as the movement point of the water lance.

Another two-axis control is also known from WO 93/12398, which precisely controls the water lance by means of two spindle drives running perpendicular to each other.

From DD 239 656 Al it is also known to control the cleaning parameters of a water lance blower based on temperature measurements on the surface to be cleaned.

Finally, a soot blower is known from DE 33 43 992 Cl. The soot blower has a blowpipe that extends through a hatch in a wall of a heat exchanger or can be moved into it in a linear manner.

To avoid uncontrolled gas exchange through the hatch and to

To protect the soot blower and the feedthrough from contamination, the soot blower is provided with a housing which, however, only allows one-dimensional movement of the blower pipe.

In known water lance blowers, the blowing lance is guided via mechanics and central drives, with drive and bearing elements being mounted and arranged in a frame construction in the space around the blowing guides.

&iacgr;&ogr; If the lance blower is to be equipped with a housing and a supply of blocking and flushing medium to prevent uncontrolled gas exchange through the hatch, the mechanical conditions in the area around the hatch must first be taken into account. Since the pressure in a heating system fluctuates, there are operating conditions in which air is sucked into the heating system from outside through the hatch or the swivel joint of the water lance, as well as operating conditions in which smoke, ash and exhaust gases escape through the hatch or the joint. Both are undesirable, and the latter can damage the water lance and the joint and shorten their service life.

Known systems of soot blowers with housings for sealing and flushing medium are also designed in such a way that under all operating conditions no gas can flow from the heating system into the housing, which in many cases means an excessive supply of sealing and flushing fluid to the heating system, which is also disadvantageous.

The object of the present invention is to create a simply constructed water lance blower with a housing for the blocking and flushing medium, which can move along freely predeterminable blowing patterns at freely predeterminable speeds and can be installed and operated in particular even under difficult spatial conditions.

This object is achieved by a water lance blower according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and configurations are specified in the dependent claims. The water lance blower according to the invention for cleaning heating systems can be moved by at least one movement element. In addition, the drive system is equipped with position sensors for precisely determining the position of the water lance, which enables a controlled operation to be implemented. The use of at least one movement element, which has one end outside a vertical

&iacgr;&ogr; plane through the movement point of the water lance on the heating system and with another end fixed to the water lance. If one or more movement elements are arranged outside a vertical plane through the movement point of the water lance, it is possible to move this movement point far forward into the hatch or the heating system, which results in larger swivel ranges and more favorable leverage ratios in the drive system. The attachment of a housing, e.g. in the form of a flexible membrane, to encapsulate at least the area around the hatch and to apply a sealing and flushing fluid is thus made easier.

A significant reduction in the length of a water lance and thus an additional improvement in the installation conditions, which also makes it easier to accommodate a housing, is achieved by having the water supply bent once or several times by a total of more than 70°, in particular more than 90°. It was previously known to design the water supply with an obtuse angle of less than 70°, for example in order to feed a hose diagonally from behind, but deflections of 90° or more were not possible with previous drive systems, as the hose would then have collided with the drive elements. In addition, such deflections were not possible due to

a possible negative influence on the jet quality of the water lance was not taken into account. Angled water supplies, however, have the advantage that the water supply is closer to the point of movement of the water lance, which significantly reduces the forces required to move the water lance due to the shorter lever with which the heavy water supply works. According to the invention, the water supply can be installed close to the point of movement and the outer wall of the heating system, which also means that much shorter distances for the water supply are required when the water lance is moved. &iacgr;&ogr; These advantages also allow less stable drive systems to be used, since less force is now required. Such drive systems can be implemented without a continuous frame, which means that the water supply close to the wall can easily run in an area without drive elements.

Depending on the shortness of the water lance, the last bend in the water supply line can affect the quality of the water jet coming out of the water lance. A compensating volume, particularly a substantially spherical compensating volume, at the rear end of the shortened water lance helps to counteract this. Such a volume evens out the flow profile of the water flowing in via a bend, thus ensuring that the water jet in the water lance is well concentrated.

A shortened design of the water lance with water supply close to the wall, in particular parallel to the wall, can be relatively easily completely encapsulated with a housing, whereby all drive elements can be protected from contamination. Only the water supply line and measuring and control lines have to be routed through the housing to the outside. Various flow guides, as shown in the

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The following features, which are explained in more detail in the drawing, can be implemented so that cooling, protection against contamination (flushing) and prevention of uncontrolled gas exchange through the hatch (blocking) can be achieved at the same time. In order to protect the outlet area in particular from contamination and aggressive gases, the flushing medium can flow around it in the manner of a jacket jet.

According to the state of the art, it is known to fill many of these housings with a central sealing and flushing medium, usually air, in soot blowers.

&iacgr;&ogr;. This has the disadvantage that hatches at different vertical heights and thus different counter pressures in the heating system are unevenly flowed through by the medium. It is also known to supply each water lance blower from its own source of sealing and flushing medium to avoid this disadvantage. In an important additional aspect of the invention, which can also be implemented independently of the other features of the invention in systems according to the state of the art, a further improvement in the supply of sealing and flushing medium is to be achieved here. This is done by not setting the supply of sealing and flushing medium to a constant level, but by regulating it individually for each water lance blower. This can be done both with a central supply of several housings using suitable valves, and with an individual supply by appropriately regulating the supply units.

A suitable measurement and control variable for the blocking function of the medium is in particular the differential pressure between the interior of the heating system and the interior of the housing. If this value is kept constant, gas can never flow from the heating system into the housing and the flow of blocking medium into the heating system remains constant at an acceptably low level.

A suitable measurement and control variable for the flushing function (or cooling function) of the medium is in particular the temperature at one or more measuring points in the front area of the water lance or near the point of movement. If this value is kept constant, the amount of cooling medium varies depending on the operating conditions, but only to the extent absolutely necessary for the flushing function.

Both controls can also be used in combination, for example by initially keeping the differential pressure constant, but then switching to temperature control when a limit temperature is exceeded.

If only one movement element is used to drive the water lance, it must be variable in length and direction, so it can perform the functions of a manipulator arm. If two movement elements are present, they only need to have length drives in order to move the water lance along any path.

However, it can happen that two movement elements take up a position that is almost in line, which means that it is no longer possible or very difficult to drive the water lance. For such arrangements, a third movement element that can then support the drive is very important. Depending on the requirements for the accuracy of the movement and the stability of the system, more than three movement elements can also be used.

What all the arrangements described have in common is that, for example, to execute a meandering blowing figure, very complex, non-linear movements of the movement elements are required, so that a

simple control, in particular time control for such arrangements is no longer an option.

For this reason, the drive system according to the invention has displacement sensors for precisely determining the position of the water lance, so that now not pure control, but regulated control along a target line of movement is possible. The displacement sensors enable precise control of the blowing pattern, so that the movement elements can be regulated accordingly. The drive system also allows certain parts of the blowing pattern to be moved at a first speed and other parts of the blowing pattern, for example uncontaminated or sensitive areas, to be moved at a second speed. In principle, any blowing pattern and any speed profile can be programmed or stored by recording on site.

The displacement sensors can either be arranged in the moving elements themselves as typical displacement or angle sensors, or they can be arranged on one or more displacement sensor arms. It is important that they can measure the exact position of the water lance in relation to a reference position, which may be determined before the blowing process begins. Capacitive, inductive or magnetic measuring sensors, as well as digital pedometers and the like, are suitable as displacement sensors.

The control is carried out in a common control electronics, which receives the measured values of the displacement sensors, compares them with the target values of the specified blowing figure and controls the movement elements accordingly. In this way, even with any arrangement of the movement elements in space, blowing figures can be repeated exactly in terms of travel path and speed. The movement elements can

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for example, hydraulic or pneumatic pistons, as well as well-known spindle or rack drives, electric or magnetic drives or the use of a manipulator arm are also possible. Depending on the space available, it can also be advantageous to adapt the movement elements to the spatial conditions using levers, cables, chains, swivel joints and the like.

In order to improve the availability of the system and the positioning accuracy and reproducibility of a blowing figure, it is possible to provide at least one more displacement sensor than is required in principle to determine the position. Error compensation calculations can then reduce inaccuracies in the displacement sensors or allow the system to continue operating even if a displacement sensor fails.

One method for operating the system according to the invention consists in setting up the system on site and then running the blowing pattern for the first time using a template or by visually observing the water jet and storing the associated measured values of the displacement sensors. It is also possible to calculate the target values for the displacement sensors for any blowing pattern after the measured values of the displacement sensors have been determined for specific reference points.

The invention allows the movement elements to be arranged in almost any way depending on the local conditions, whereby the control of the movement elements by displacement sensors enables the exact tracking of specified blowing figures with specified speed profiles despite the necessary complicated coordinate transformations.

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- &iacgr;&ogr; :

The environment of the present invention and various embodiments for its explanation are described with reference to the following drawing.

Fig. 1 an external view of a water lance blower

in a hatch of a heating system,

Fig. 2 a horizontal section through the wall of the heat

facility in the level of the water lance blower,

Fig. 3 schematically shows the operation of a water lance blower

sers in a heating system,

Fig. 4 the view of Fig. 1 with marked movement

axes to explain the movement sequences,

Fig. 5 the view from Fig. 2 with marked movement

axles,

Fig. 6 the rear view of a shortened water lance

with compensation volume,

Fig. 7 a longitudinal section through the shortened water lance,

Fig. 8 a rear view of a shortened water lance

with three movement arms,

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 and 11 further embodiments for drive systems of water lances,

Fig. 12 and 13 a water lance with box for sealing and flushing medium in the view from behind and in longitudinal section.

To illustrate the conditions in water lance blowers according to the invention, the embodiments of Fig. 1 to 5 serve first. In a wall 1 of a heating system there is a hatch 2 with projections inwards 3 and outwards 4. In the hatch 2 there is the movement point 5 of the water lance 6 in the form of a pivot bearing or ball joint for the water lance 6 fixedly attached in its center. The water lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1,

is 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably mounted (but not movable on the lance). The rear ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably integrated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, e.g. ball joints. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose.

Under realistic conditions, the heating system is surrounded by numerous components that prevent the installation of water lance blowers. For example, a steam pipe 13 and the fixed bearing 9.1 are attached to a first support 12 above the hatch 2. A short distance away, to the right of the hatch 2, a second support 14 is arranged. A light grid 15 that serves as a working platform ends on the right of this. The second support 14 also borders the railings 16 and 17 as well as the walking and working platform 15 and holds a control cabinet 18.

The lance end can be swiveled vertically from top "o" to bottom V in the swivel range S and from left "1" to right "r" in its horizontal range by means of its movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.

Because of the obstacles, a frame arrangement would not be possible in this area. Due to the small distance between the steam pipe 13 and the outer skin 19 of the wall 1, the space available is greatly restricted, which in the working area "S" allows large vertical paths from the upper "o" to the lower "u" lance position, but in the horizontal

Only minimal travel is permitted in the direction between the outer skin 19 and the steam pipe 13. Due to the obstacle of the control cabinet 18, the fixed bearing 9.3 can only be installed above it and, due to the large, almost horizontal travel required in the working area S, it must be attached to the extreme right edge of the support 14 from the bottom right (V/V) to the bottom left (T ¹ /V) or the top left (T/V), which also requires a long moving element 8.3. With predetermined controlled distances between points 9.1-7.1 and 9.3-7.3, together with the front pivot bearing of the lance, every position of the lance is clearly fixed. Only in the working area of V/V do obtuse angles with increased forces occur. According to the invention, a third but short movement element 8.2 is installed between the points 7.2 and 9.2, which is simultaneously controlled with its distances and prevents an oscillating and jerky movement of the lance (6) and the water jet.

The spacers 8.1 to 8.3 work in the upper and outer right edge area of the working platform, so they do not hinder access to the platform and leave enough space downwards and to the left to set the water connection 10 immediately behind the very short lance length required for the blow jet quality with a bend 20.

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zen and the water supply 11 to the left near the wall. This firstly allows a small swivel path for the flexible hose and secondly allows access to the stage 15 up to the blower without obstruction even during blowing operation.

On the movement elements 8.1 to 8.3 there are control elements (not shown in Fig. 1) which adjust the lengths of the movement elements depending on the specified blowing pattern and the measured values of the displacement sensors (also not shown) of the position of the water lance.

&iacgr;&ogr; set. In every working position of the lance, each movement element 8.1-8.3 will carry out a change in length and a speed of change in length that depends on the spatial geometry of the distances, angle ratios and the geometric location of the fastening points 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3, which coordinate with one another to carry out the lance movement and the guidance of the water jet.

In an embodiment according to the invention, after assembly of the water lance blower, the geometry between movement point 5, fastening points on the water lance 7.1-7.3 and fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 is measured, the results are entered into a computer program and the change in each movement element is stored there for specified blowing figures depending on the blowing location and/or blowing time and is transferred to the movement elements via the control elements during operation.

In a further embodiment, during the adjustment phase of the working areas, the distances between the movement elements can be adjusted via the primary movement of the lance or a locking mechanism (not shown) on the end of the lance, which is mechanically coupled to an adjustment device for the blowing paths. The changes in length of the

The individual movement elements are registered and saved via the position sensors. This means that any blowing pattern can be specified using the setting device.

After removing the adjustment device and starting up the control system and water bubbles, the stored movements are executed.

The solution according to the invention will be explained in more detail using an example below:

After assembly, with the lance positioned axially in the movement point 5, the water lance blower according to Fig. 1 should have the following geometric dimensions for the position of the movement elements 8.1-8.3, their fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 and fastening points 7.1-7.3 on the water lance 6 relative to the central pivot point of the swivel device 5, which is set as the geometric point 0 (Fig. 4 and 5):

Pivot point of part no. geometric point
XY 0 Z 0 5 0 Y71 Z7.1 7.1 ^X7.1 Y7.2 ^Item 7.2 7.2 ^{X7.2 Y7.3 Section} 7.3 7.3 ^X7.3 Y91 Z91 9.1 ^{X9.2 Section} 9.2 9.2 ^X9.2 ^3 ^Z9.3 9.3

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Of course, the coordinates given in Fig. 4 and 5 and the table above only apply to point-shaped pivot points, e.g. in the form of a ball joint. In the simplified solution shown in Fig. 1, 2 and 4, 5 with eye-shaped and ring-shaped connecting elements, possible corrections still have to be made in the pivot point. However, these will be decided by testing, since there is a necessary tolerance range for all mechanical movements of the moving elements.

&iacgr;&ogr; Via the pivot point with the coordinates X; Y; Z = 0, the movement point 5, the coordinates of the wall areas to be cleaned and their boundaries are determined by the geometric straight line (if necessary after ballistic correction for long distances) of the water jet of the lance 6 on the wall surfaces of the heating system.

is determined by a geometric point on the wall (assigned to each lance position).

The geometry of a combustion chamber section is shown in Fig. 3. In the lower part there are six burner openings B, in the upper part six flue gas return openings R. The assembled state of a water lance 6 according to Fig. 4, 5 is shown with its geometric point 0. For the plane Y = O the blowing limits on the combustion chamber walls are from G ₁ , across the horizontal blowing area S to G ₁ , for the plane X = O the limit point G _u is from G ₀ via S (top, right, ... etc. is logically arranged as a mirror image of Fig. 4, 5). Any other wall point in the combustion chamber can be geometrically assigned a coordinate of the lance position. In a preferred embodiment this is done geometrically using the existing combustion chamber dimensions, e.g. using a mathematical program.

In an alternative design, characteristic points of the combustion chamber walls are determined using on-site measurements, e.g. using laser beams that replace the lance position and are used when the boiler is at a standstill (the longitudinal and transverse expansion of the wall surfaces during boiler operation must of course be taken into account) or other suitable measuring devices, even during continuous operation.

In an analogous manner, blowing paths for surface areas to be cleaned are then determined geometrically using mathematical or measurement techniques and entered into the control of the movement elements.

An example of this is the blowing pattern shown in Fig. 3 for cleaning the slag beards below some flue gas return openings R and above a flue gas return opening. The cleaning program starts at A and ends at E. The method of operation is such that after programming the corresponding path-time diagrams, e.g. in the computer or data storage of the block control system, after entering the corresponding cleaning command, the water lance blower moves to position A (Fig. 3) and when the water supply is opened, the path-time program of the movement elements 8.1-8.3 is run to point E and there the water supply closes again.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a further embodiment of a water lance blower that is shortened according to the invention and is therefore particularly easy to move, with 2 angle arms, frame and control device. In the wall 1 of the heating system there is the hatch 2 with inward (3) and outward (4) offsets. In the hatch 2 the movement point 5 of the water lance 6 is permanently installed and designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 that is permanently attached in the center. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2 are rotatably attached.

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The rear end of the moving elements 8.1, 8.2 is rotatably integrated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose.

The lance 6 and the water connection 10 are integrated into a spherical container 20, which serves as a calming volume for the water flowing in from the side. The movement elements 8.1 and 8.2 are made up of an upper arm 21.1 and 21.2 and a curved lower arm 22.1 and 22.2 adapted to the spherical shape of lance 20; which are connected to turntables 23.1 and 23.2.

The turntables have drives 25.1 and 25.2, which lead to the control cabinet 18 via flexible cable connections 26.1 and 26.2.

The control cabinet 18 and fixed bearings 9.1 and 9.2 are mounted in a frame 27, which is arranged on the wall 1. In this version of the water lance blower, the entire construction can be mounted in a quarter of the area on one side above the hatch using only a quarter frame and 2 movement elements 8.1 and 8.2, so that the floor area and the left side are fully available for access by a worker 28.

According to the invention, the extremely short lance 6 has a ball container 20 at its end, which calms the inflow conditions of the water supply 11 in the ball and ensures a uniform water flow to the water nozzle across the cross section of the lance. With this arrangement of the movement elements 8.1 and 8.2, the brackets 7.1 and 7.2 with the small design, the lever ratios are low and the stability of the lance guide with two movement elements is sufficient. Despite the small dimensions, the lever system bent outwards

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the spatial arrangement of the drives 25.1 and 25.2 and the control cabinet 18 within the frame 27 is possible.

Special spatial minimizations are achieved by the small distances between pivot point 0 and brackets 7.1 and 7.2 with the resulting small control movements of the arms 8.1, 8.2 and cable connections 26.1, 26.2.

In another solution, stability problems of the lance guide are solved by only two length-controlled movement elements using one or two additional non-controlled movement elements subject to tension, which run over rollers as ropes with a counterweight (see also Fig. 10 and 11: Pos. 8.2, 9.2, 29). The operation is as described in the first example for Fig. 1-4.

Fig. 8 and 9 show another embodiment for the design and drive of a shortened water lance blower with three symmetrically arranged angle arms as movement elements. In the wall 1 of the heating system there is the hatch 2 with inward 3 and outward 4 offsets. In the hatch 2 the movement point 5 is permanently installed and designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 which is permanently attached in the center. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably attached. The rear ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably integrated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The movement elements 8.1-8.3 are made up of an upper arm 21.1-21.3, a lower arm 22.1-22.3 and a turntable 23.1-23.3, which are connected to not shown

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Angle adjustment devices are equipped. The water lance 6 ends at the rear end in a 180° deflection 24, which is connected to a bend 20. This solution has the advantage that the bend in the upper arm-lower arm construction means that the fastening points 7.1-7.3 close to the pivot point 0 of the swivel device still work within the outer bend 4 and the path lengths of 7.1-7.3 in the working area S and thus the angles of rotation of the turntables 23.1-23.3 are minimized.

&iacgr;&ogr; This makes it possible to further shorten the water lance length 6 (not shown) but also to reduce the size of the lower arm-upper arm system 22-23-21 in such a way that the fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 can be attached directly to the edge of the outer edge of the outer projection 4 and the overall construction only slightly exceeds the hatch dimensions and the

is the necessary movements of the flexible water supply hose is further reduced. The working areas are set in the same way as previously described. A change in path is replaced by a change in the angle of rotation δ Alpha of the turntables 23.1-23.3.

Fig. 10 and 11 show embodiments of water lance blowers with two tangentially attached movement elements and a hydraulic cylinder.

The rope-shaped movement elements 8.1 and 8.3 are arranged almost horizontally with their fixed bearings 9.1 and 9.3 and winding devices 42, but in contrast to the previous solutions with their brackets 7.1 and 7.3 are attached to the tangential outer wall area of an outer tube 35 of the water lance 6 within the projection 4. The movement element 8.2 is a hydraulic cylinder with its fixed bearing 9.2 on the support of the light grid 15 and on the lance

with its fastening point 7.2 located near the air supply 38. The air 38 and water 11 connections are axially arranged to the rear with bends together upwards in one direction.

This arrangement offers the following advantages:

small travels of the movement elements 8.1 and 8.3, thus only small angles of rotation of the rollers 42.

improved force effect through tangential mounting 7.1 and 7.3, particularly with large diameter of the outer tube 35 with &iacgr;&ogr; air cooling (air supply).

Simplified common water/air media supply connected with clamp 43 with minimal space requirement.

Safe guidance despite cable pull effect 8.1 and 8.3 and through hydraulic cylinders 8.2.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 12 and 13 shows schematically how water lance blowers can be protected with sealing and purging air and moved, for example, by three rope-like movement elements.

In the wall 1 of the heating system there is the hatch 2 with projections inwards 3 and outwards 4. The movement point 5 is permanently installed in the hatch 2 and designed as a front pivot bearing for the water lance 6 which is fixed in the centre. The lance 6 has fastening points 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 at the rear end, in which the lance-side ends of the movement elements 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 are rotatably attached. The rear ends of the movement elements are rotatably integrated into the fixed bearings 9.1, 9.2, 9.3. The water enters the lance 6 via a connection 10 and a water supply 11 in the form of a pressure-resistant flexible hose. The non-rotatable but flexibly bendable brackets 7.1-7.3 (not shown in detail) hold

••••a · · * t·· &igr;

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stable but flexible ropes, which act as movement elements 8.1-8.3. The ropes run on the fixed bearings 9.1-9.3 over rollers or are wound up/unwound on these rollers. In another version, there is a counterweight 29 (shown in dotted lines) at the end of the rope of the movement element 9.2. The rollers have drives 25.1-25.3 with their brackets. The hatch 2 is limited by a connection box 30. The outer edge of the connection box is sealed with the lance 6 via a housing 31 and forms a free air-flowing interior 32. The lance 6 with its nozzle 33 has an inlet 34 at the end. The lance is covered by an outer tube 35. The outer tube has a separating ring 36, which forms an air jacket 37 with air supply 38 in the front area and a water diverter 39 in the rear part, which opens into the water connection 10.

Through openings 40, sealing and flushing fluid, preferably air, can flow from the air jacket 37 into the nozzle head of the lance 6 and through openings 41 into the interior 32. In this solution, the 3 movement elements 8.1-8.3 are only controlled by tensile forces. Twisting forces caused by the spatial movement of the movement elements are compensated for in particular with a rope, which is shown with a winding device 42 on the fixed bearing 9.3. In another solution, the roller and rope are replaced by a chain and chain wheel. With this solution, the chain can hang freely downwards at the free end, as shown on the fixed bearing 9.1.

In another solution, a moving element, as shown here in dashed lines for 8.2, is equipped without a drive and the necessary tension is generated via a roller 9.2 and counterweight 29.
With these solutions, the air and water supply can be accommodated in a jacket pipe, the air and water supply can be arranged freely suspended in a vertical plane, without the swivel

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Positions of the moving elements and air or water supply can interfere with each other. By using narrow ropes as moving elements, which also only require small brackets 7.1-7.3, there is sufficient space between the housing 31 and the lance - outer tube 35 - for the lance at the maximum inclination, if the brackets swing into the outer bend 4 for structural requirements. In this case, the lance can be shortened further.

The outer tube 35 with the final hemisphere as a deflection 39 &iacgr;&ogr; brings even inflow conditions of the water into the lance and ensures a swirl-free water jet with little fanning despite the short lance.

Of course, all of the technical solutions listed can be combined with one another as desired. This particularly applies to the selection and combination of the technology of movement elements and their force effect on tension and/or pressure and the arrangement of the brackets at different distances from the pivot point 0 of the lance, their variation as a ball joint, tab, ring eye, joint, universal joint or rigid connection with flexible transition, the variable selection of different lengths of the movement elements and variable locations for the fixed bearings. The choice of the method for controlling the blowing figures and their programming can also be combined as desired between the experimental measurement technology and mathematical program technology solution. In this way, geometric corner points extended into the heating system, e.g. maximum top/bottom, right/left, etc., can be determined using measurement technology or experimentation via the beam geometry of the lance guides, these can be entered into a mathematical program and then the further path points for the blowing figure can be calculated.

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A further variation consists in the blowing operation with different path speeds, which has not yet been implemented in other solutions, so that heavily slagged areas are blown for a longer period of time in a pre-programmed manner or/and it is realized that instead of switching the water supply valves on and off, the blowing operation is carried out at high speed from the end point E to the start point A of the next blowing pattern without interrupting the blowing operation (see Fig. 3).

The invention results in the following advantages:

a. The way the device works ensures that any blowing pattern can be carried out in a variable manner; it is not primarily linked to the geometry of conventional movement elements with horizontal and/or vertical movements alternating by 90°, circular or involute movements. Direction, deflection and speed can be varied as desired and individually adapted to cleaning requirements.

b. There are no restrictions regarding the installation locations of the water lance blower. Built-in hatches, lack of space and other spatial obstacles can still be used for the installation of adapted water lance blowers by varying the arrangement and length of the movement elements with individual selection of the fixed points and brackets on the lance. This allows an optimal selection to be made for the arrangement of the water lance blowers in the heating system and the number of water lance blowers on the system to be minimized.

c. Material usage, space requirements and weight of the water lance blower are minimized. In particular, the stable

•&PSgr; *

24 - "

large frame accommodated bearings and drives and the spindles, chains and guides of the previous solutions. The assembly is simplified,

d. Material procurement becomes significantly more flexible, as there are no requirements for fixed dimensions of construction elements. The range of products on the market for motion element solutions, fixed bearings and control elements can be used as desired.

&iacgr;&ogr; e. In the event of defects, design deviations may be permitted when replacing components if the setting of the blowing figures is adjusted.

f. The dimensions of the water lance blowers, especially at the back and to the side, are reduced. This means that they can be accessed and installed even on narrow platforms.

g. The water supply is simplified and less prone to failure due to smaller swivel paths and the elimination of bends.

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Bergman GmbH 1 December 1995 List of reference symbols Wall B15976Gbm KA/NE/ku4 hatch inner offset 1 external offset 2 Movement point, ball joint 3 Water lance 4 Attachment points on the water lance 5 Movement elements 6 Fastening points on the heating system 7.1-7.3 Water connection 8.1-8.3 Water supply 9.1-9.3 first carrier 10 Steam pipe 11 second carrier 12 Light grating 13 railing 14 Switch cabinet, control cabinet 15 Outer shell of the heating system 16, 17 Sphere volume, water flow 18 upper arm 19 forearm 20 turntable 21.1-21.3 Redirection 22.1-22.3 Drives 23.1-23.3 Cable connections 24 Frame 25.1-25.2 26.1-26.2 27

«··» * »St &iacgr;*&idiagr;

28 Worker 29 Counterweight 30 Junction box 31 Housing 5 32 Housing interior 33 jet 34 enema 35 Outer tube 36 Separating ring' 10 37 Air jacket 38 Air supply 39 Water diversion 40, 41 openings 42 Reeling device 15 43 clamp AAlpha Change in angle of rotation aL Change of route A Beginning E End 20 S Workspace &Ggr; right 1 Left O above U below 25 X, Y, Z Coordinates G Border points B Burner opening R Flue gas return opening

Claims (18)

Bergemann GmbH 1 December 1995 B15976Gbm KA/NE/ku4 CLAIMS: 1. Water lance blower for cleaning heating systems, whereby a water lance (6) is arranged with its mouth on or in a hatch (2) movably (5) and directs a water jet through the &iacgr;&ogr; operating heating system and flowing with flames and/or smoke gases can blow through to wall areas (AE) accessible from the hatch (2)),
characterized,
that the water lance blower is movable by at least one movement element (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), wherein displacement sensors are provided for the precise determination of the position of the water lance (6) and wherein at least the area of the hatch (2) is sealed by a housing (31) which can be acted upon by a blocking and flushing medium. 2. Water lance blower according to claim 1, characterized in that the water lance (6) is designed to be shortened in that the water supply (10) is angled once or several times (20, 24; 39) and in the end of the water lance blower located outside the heating system there is an expanded calming volume (20), in particular an approximately spherical volume, for the water supplied. 3. Water lance blower according to claim 2, characterized in that the water supply line (11) is in the area close to the wall near the point of movement (5) of the water lance (6), in particular initially has a curvature (20) of approximately 90° to 150°, then runs a little way parallel to the water lance (6) against its flow direction and then flows into the water lance (6) or into the calming volume (20, 39) via a curvature (24) of 90° to 180°. 4. Water lance blower according to claim 3, characterized in that the water supply (11) is arranged approximately parallel to the wall (1) of the heating system between the required distances for the movement of the water lance (6). &iacgr;&ogr; movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3). 5. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (31) seals the entire mechanism, and only the water supply (11) passes through its wall. is the line for sealing and flushing fluid (38) and the control and Measuring lines of the moving elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are led to the outside. 6. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its housing (31) is connected individually or together with a plurality of housings (31) at approximately the same vertical height to a blower for supplying sealing and flushing medium. 7. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a differential pressure gauge for measuring and regulating the differential pressure between the interior of the heating system and the interior (32) of the housing (31) is present. 8. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged in the area of the movement point (5) of the water lance (6), which serves as an actual value transmitter for the amount of blocking and flushing medium per unit of time. 9. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide (37) of the blocking and flushing medium the actual water lance (6) in the outlet area (33) so &iacgr;&ogr; surrounds that a' kind of sheath jet around the exit area (33) is formed. 10. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (31) for the blocking and flushing medium has partially flexible walls and/or intermediate walls. 11. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least three movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are present, the adjacent fastening points (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) of which preferably each form angles of approximately 80° to 140° with the movement point (5) of the water lance (6). 12. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) themselves contain displacement sensors which measure their exact length and/or angular position relative to a reference position. 13. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one additional displacement sensor merarm is present, which has a displacement sensor to determine the exact position of the water lance blower. 14. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) and the displacement sensors are connected to a common control electronics which calculates the exact position of the water lance (6) from the measured values of the displacement sensors and issues control commands to the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3), whereby in particular certain pre-calculated and/or previously stored movement sequences of the water lance (6) with regard to travel path and speed can be repeated exactly. 15. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the movement elements (8.1, 8.2, 8.3) are hydraulic or pneumatic pistons, each of which is hinged with one end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) to the outer wall of the heating system and with the other end (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) to the part of the water lance (6) located outside the heating system. 16. Water lance blower according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the movement elements are spindle drives or rack drives, each of which is articulated with one end (7.1, 7.2, 7.3) directly or by means of a frame to the outer skin (19) of the heating system and with the other end (9.1, 9.2, 9.3) to the part of the water lance (6) located outside the heating system. » * »f * T ft· - 5 - V 17. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the displacement sensors are angle and/or length sensors. 18. Water lance blower according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one more displacement sensor is present than is required to determine the position in order to increase the positioning accuracy and availability.